McMaster University

Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------

Assignment 5 – Model Answer

Question 1 (70 Marks)
(a) Drawing the Interaction Diagram (50 Marks)
𝐴𝑔 = 250 ∗ 700 = 175000 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 1500 + 600 + 600 + 1500 = 4200 𝑚𝑚2
𝛼1 = 0.85 − 0.0015 ∗ 25 = 0.8125 > 0.67
𝛽1 = 0.97 − 0.0025 ∗ 25 = 0.9075 > 0.67
[1] Point 1 – Pure Compression (5 Marks)
𝑃𝑟 = 0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ (175000 − 4200) + 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 4200 = 3683.1 𝑘𝑁
𝑃𝑟,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = (0.20 + 0.002 ∗ 250) ∗ 3683.1 = 2578.17 𝑘𝑁
𝑷𝒓 = 𝟑𝟔𝟖𝟑. 𝟏 𝒌𝑵 & 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟎 𝒌𝑵𝒎
[2] Point 2 – Stress on Steel Close to the Tension Side is Zero (10 Marks)

• 𝜀𝑠1 = 0 → 𝑓𝑠1 = 0 𝑀𝑃𝑎

o 𝐶 = 𝑑1 = 650 𝑚𝑚 → 𝑎 = 0.9075 ∗ 650 = 589.875 𝑚𝑚
200
• 𝜀′𝑠2 = 650 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.0011 < 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓′𝑠2 = 0.0011 ∗ 2 ∗ 105 = 220 𝑀𝑃𝑎
400
• 𝜀′𝑠3 = 650 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.0022 > 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓′𝑠3 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎
600
• 𝜀′𝑠4 = 650 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.0032 > 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓′𝑠4 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑃𝑟 = 0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ (589.875 ∗ 250) + 0.85 ∗ 220 ∗ 600 + 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 600 + 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500
= 2773.25 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑟 = [0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ (589.875 ∗ 250)][55.1] + [0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500][300]
+ [0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 600][100] − [0.85 ∗ 220 ∗ 600][100] = 269.46 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑷𝒓 = 𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟑. 𝟐𝟓 𝒌𝑵 & 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟐𝟔𝟗. 𝟒𝟔 𝒌𝑵𝒎

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
[3] Point 3 – Strain on Steel Near the Tension Side is 𝜺𝒚 /𝟐 (10 Marks)

𝜀𝑦 𝑓𝑦
• 𝜀𝑠1 = = 0.001 → 𝑓𝑠1 = = 200 𝑀𝑃𝑎
2 2
0.001 0.0035
o 650−𝐶 = 𝐶
o 𝐶 = 505.6 𝑚𝑚 → 𝑎 = 0.9075 ∗ 505.6 = 458.832 𝑚𝑚
55.6
• 𝜀′𝑠2 = 505.6 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.00038 < 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓′𝑠2 = 0.0038 ∗ 2 ∗ 105 = 76 𝑀𝑃𝑎
255.6
• 𝜀′𝑠3 = 505.6 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.0018 < 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓′𝑠3 = 0.0018 ∗ 2 ∗ 105 = 360 𝑀𝑃𝑎
455.6
• 𝜀′𝑠4 = 505.6 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.0032 > 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓′𝑠4 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑃𝑟 = 0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ (458.832 ∗ 250) + 0.85 ∗ 76 ∗ 600 + 0.85 ∗ 360 ∗ 600 + 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500
− 0.85 ∗ 200 ∗ 1500 = 1991.86 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑟 = [0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ (458.832 ∗ 250)][120.6] + [0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500][300]
+ [0.85 ∗ 360 ∗ 600][100] − [0.85 ∗ 76 ∗ 600][100] + [0.85 ∗ 200 ∗ 1500][300]
= 426.63 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑷𝒓 = 𝟏𝟗𝟗𝟏. 𝟖𝟔 𝒌𝑵 & 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟒𝟐𝟔. 𝟔𝟑 𝒌𝑵𝒎
[4] Point 4 – Balanced Strains (10 Marks)

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
• 𝜀𝑠1 = 𝜀𝑦 = 0.002 → 𝑓𝑠1 = 𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎
0.002 0.0035
o =
650−𝐶𝑏 𝐶𝑏
o 𝐶𝑏 = 413.6 𝑚𝑚 → 𝑎𝑏 = 0.9075 ∗ 413.6 = 375.342 𝑚𝑚
36.4
• 𝜀𝑠2 = 413.6 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.00031 < 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓𝑠2 = 0.0031 ∗ 2 ∗ 105 = 62 𝑀𝑃𝑎
163.6
• 𝜀′𝑠3 = 413.6 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.0014 < 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓′𝑠3 = 0.0014 ∗ 2 ∗ 105 = 280 𝑀𝑃𝑎
363.6
• 𝜀′𝑠4 = 413.6 ∗ 0.0035 = 0.0031 > 𝜀𝑦 → 𝑓′𝑠4 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑃𝑟 = 0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ (375.342 ∗ 250) + 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500 + 0.85 ∗ 280 ∗ 600 − 0.85 ∗ 62 ∗ 600
− 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500 = 1350.1 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑟 = [0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ (375.342 ∗ 250)][162.3] + [0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500][300]
+ [0.85 ∗ 280 ∗ 600][100] + [0.85 ∗ 62 ∗ 600][100] + [0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500][300]
= 524.52 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑷𝒓 = 𝟏𝟑𝟓𝟎. 𝟏 𝒌𝑵 & 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟓𝟐𝟒. 𝟓𝟐 𝒌𝑵𝒎
[5] Point 5 – Pure Bending Moment (10 Marks)

• 𝜀𝑠1 > 𝜀𝑦 = 0.002 → 𝑓𝑠1 = 𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎

• 0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ 0.9075 ∗ 𝐶 ∗ 250 + 0.85 ∗ 𝑓′𝑠4 ∗ 1500 − 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500 = 0
o 2995.46 𝐶 + 1275 𝑓′𝑠4 − 510000 = 0
o 𝐶 = 170.3 − 0.43 ∗ 𝑓′𝑠4 (1)
𝑓′𝑠4 𝐶−50 𝐶−50
• 𝜀′𝑠4 = 2∗10 5 =
∗ 0.0035 → 𝑓′𝑠4 = 𝐶 ∗ 700 (2)
𝐶
𝐶−50
• 𝐶 = 170.3 − 0.43 ∗ [ 𝐶 ∗ 700]
o 𝐶 2 + 130.7 ∗ 𝐶 − 301 ∗ 50 = 0
o 𝐶 = 73.65 𝑚𝑚
o 𝑎 = 66.84 𝑚𝑚
o 𝑓′𝑠4 = 224.8 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑃𝑟 = 0 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑟 = [0.8125 ∗ 0.65 ∗ 25 ∗ (64.02 ∗ 250)][316.60] + [0.85 ∗ 224.8 ∗ 1500][300]
+ [0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 1500][300] = 308.80 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑷𝒓 = 𝟎 𝒌𝑵 & 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟑𝟎𝟖. 𝟖𝟎 𝒌𝑵𝒎
Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni
McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
[6] Point 6 – Pure Axial Tension (5 Marks)
𝑇𝑟 = 0.85 ∗ 400 ∗ 4200 = 1428 𝑘𝑁
𝑀𝑟 = 0 𝑘𝑁𝑚
𝑻𝒓 = 𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟖 𝒌𝑵 & 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟎 𝒌𝑵𝒎

𝑴𝒓 (𝒌𝑵𝒎) 𝑷𝒓 (𝒌𝑵)
Point 1 0.00 3683.10
Point 2 269.46 2773.25
Point 3 426.63 1991.86
Point 4 524.52 1350.10
Point 5 308.80 0.00
Point 6 0.00 -1428.00

Figure 1. Interaction diagram.

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------

(b) Safety Check (10 Marks)

𝑃𝑓 = 1700 𝑘𝑁 & 𝑀𝑓 = 300 𝑘𝑁𝑚
- The cross-section is safe under the given loads (see the interaction diagram).
- 𝑀𝑟 = 471.02 𝑘𝑁𝑚
(c) Safety Check (10 Marks)
𝑃𝑓 = 250 𝑘𝑁 & 𝑀𝑓 = 450 𝑘𝑁𝑚
- The cross-section is unsafe under the given loads (see the interaction diagram).
- 𝑃𝑟 = 902.40 𝑘𝑁
- 𝑃𝑟 = 1880.0 𝑘𝑁

Figure 2. Interaction diagram with checked points.

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
Question 2 (30 Marks)
𝑑𝑐 = 50 𝑚𝑚
700 − 2 ∗ 50
𝛾= = 0.857
700
(a) Case 1 (15 Marks)
[1] Determine 𝝆𝒕
𝑀𝑓 = 700 𝑘𝑁𝑚 & 𝑃𝑓 = 900 𝑘𝑁
𝑓′𝑐 = 30 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛾 = 0.80
𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑓 = 900 ∗ 103 𝑁
𝑀𝑟 = 𝑀𝑓 = 700 ∗ 106 𝑁
𝑃𝑟 900 ∗ 103
= = 4.29 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑔 700 ∗ 300
𝑀𝑟 700 ∗ 106
= = 4.76 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑔 . ℎ 700 ∗ 700 ∗ 300
The intersection point is below the line 𝑓𝑠 /𝑓𝑦 , so, it is better to use the bars on end-faces only chart.
𝜌𝑡 = 2.5%
[2] Determine the RFT Required
𝜌𝑡,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 1.0% < 𝜌𝑡 = 2.5% < 𝜌𝑡,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 4.0%(𝑜𝑘)
𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 𝜌𝑡 ∗ 𝐴𝑔 = 0.025 ∗ 300 ∗ 700 = 5250 𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠′ = 𝐴𝑠𝑡 /2 = 5250/2 = 2625 𝑚𝑚2 → 𝑈𝑠𝑒 6 − 25
[3] Place the RFT
30 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑖𝑛 = {1.4 ∗ 25.2 = 35.3 𝑚𝑚 = 35.3 𝑚𝑚
1.4 ∗ 20 = 28 𝑚𝑚
300 = 2 ∗ 30 + 2 ∗ 11.3 + 𝑛 ∗ 25.2 + (𝑛 − 1)
∗ 35.3 → 𝑛 = 4.18
≅ 4 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠/𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni

McMaster University
Faculty of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department
CE 3J04 – Reinforced Concrete Design
Winter 2021
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
(b) Case 2 (15 Marks)
[1] Determine 𝝆𝒕
𝑀𝑓 = 500 𝑘𝑁𝑚 & 𝑃𝑓 = 2500 𝑘𝑁
𝑓′𝑐 = 30 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝑓𝑦 = 400 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛾 = 0.80
𝑃𝑟 = 𝑃𝑓 = 2500 ∗ 103 𝑁
𝑀𝑟 = 𝑀𝑓 = 500 ∗ 106 𝑁
𝑃𝑟 2500 ∗ 103
= = 11.9 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑔 700 ∗ 300
𝑀𝑟 500 ∗ 106
= = 3.4 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝑔 . ℎ 700 ∗ 700 ∗ 300
The intersection point is above the line 𝑓𝑠 /𝑓𝑦 , so, it is better
to use the equal number of rebars on all sides chart.
2.1 − 1.7 𝑥
= → 𝑥 = 0.172
0.9 − 0.8 0.9 − 0.857
𝜌𝑡 = 1.7 + 0.172 = 1.872%
[2] Determine the RFT Required
𝜌𝑡,𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 1.0% < 𝜌𝑡 = 1.872% < 𝜌𝑡,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 4.0%(𝑜𝑘)
𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 𝜌𝑡 ∗ 𝐴𝑔 = 0.01872 ∗ 300 ∗ 700 = 3931.2 𝑚𝑚2
→ 𝑈𝑠𝑒 8 − 25
[3] Place the RFTs
30 𝑚𝑚
𝑆𝑚𝑖𝑛 = {1.4 ∗ 25.2 = 35.28 𝑚𝑚 = 35.28 𝑚𝑚
1.4 ∗ 20 = 28 𝑚𝑚
300 = 2 ∗ 30 + 2 ∗ 11.3 + 𝑛 ∗ 19.5 + (𝑛 − 1) ∗ 35.28 → 𝑛 = 4.61 ≅ 4 𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑠/𝑙𝑎𝑦𝑒𝑟

Dr. Wael El-Dakhakhni