This document provides information about different types of computer networks:
- LANs connect devices within a small area like a home, school, or office building. WANs connect devices over large distances like cities or countries, while MANs cover areas larger than LANs but smaller than WANs.
- Common network topologies include star, bus, and ring. Star topology has a central hub connecting all devices. Bus topology uses a single backbone cable connecting all devices. Ring topology connects all devices in a closed loop.
- Different network types and topologies are suited to different scenarios. For example, a business may use a LAN with star topology, while a school could use a ring topology to connect class
This document provides information about different types of computer networks:
- LANs connect devices within a small area like a home, school, or office building. WANs connect devices over large distances like cities or countries, while MANs cover areas larger than LANs but smaller than WANs.
- Common network topologies include star, bus, and ring. Star topology has a central hub connecting all devices. Bus topology uses a single backbone cable connecting all devices. Ring topology connects all devices in a closed loop.
- Different network types and topologies are suited to different scenarios. For example, a business may use a LAN with star topology, while a school could use a ring topology to connect class
Original Title
Term II Notes_Computer Networks and Network Topologies
This document provides information about different types of computer networks:
- LANs connect devices within a small area like a home, school, or office building. WANs connect devices over large distances like cities or countries, while MANs cover areas larger than LANs but smaller than WANs.
- Common network topologies include star, bus, and ring. Star topology has a central hub connecting all devices. Bus topology uses a single backbone cable connecting all devices. Ring topology connects all devices in a closed loop.
- Different network types and topologies are suited to different scenarios. For example, a business may use a LAN with star topology, while a school could use a ring topology to connect class
This document provides information about different types of computer networks:
- LANs connect devices within a small area like a home, school, or office building. WANs connect devices over large distances like cities or countries, while MANs cover areas larger than LANs but smaller than WANs.
- Common network topologies include star, bus, and ring. Star topology has a central hub connecting all devices. Bus topology uses a single backbone cable connecting all devices. Ring topology connects all devices in a closed loop.
- Different network types and topologies are suited to different scenarios. For example, a business may use a LAN with star topology, while a school could use a ring topology to connect class
Computer Science Year 08 Computer Networks: LAN (Local Area Network) is a network that connects devices in a small geographical area like a home, school or office building. Examples of LAN include computer labs, Wi-Fi networks at home, and office networks.
Advantages: • High data transfer rates: With LANs, data can be transferred at very high speeds such as video conferencing, file sharing, and online gaming. • Cost-effective: Compared to other types of networks, LANs are relatively inexpensive to set up and maintain. • Easy to manage: small and contained, are relatively easy to manage and troubleshoot. Disadvantages: • Limited coverage area: LANs are limited to a small geographical area. • Limited scalability: the network can become congested and slow down, limiting its scalability. • Security risks: confined to a small area, more vulnerable to security threats such as viruses, hacking, and unauthorized access.
WAN (Wide Area Network) is a network that connects devices over a large geographical area, such as cities or countries. The internet is an example of a WAN. Advantages: • Wide coverage area: suitable for businesses that have multiple offices or locations. • Scalable: easily to accommodate additional users and devices. • Security: more secure than LANs, as they are designed to handle larger volumes of traffic and have strong security protocols in place.
Disadvantages: • Cost: WANs can be expensive to set up and maintain, as they require specialized hardware and software. • Slow transfer rates: WANs can have slower transfer rates than LANs due to the larger distances that data has to travel. • Complex to manage: WANs can be complex to manage and troubleshoot, especially if they span multiple countries or continents. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) is a network that covers a larger area than LAN but smaller than WAN. MANs are used to connect networks in a city or a town.
Advantages: • Greater coverage area: MANs are ideal for connecting computers that are located in different parts of a city or region. • High data transfer rates: MANs can offer high data transfer rates, making them ideal for applications that require fast data transfer. • Cost-effective: Compared to WANs, MANs are typically less expensive to set up and maintain. Disadvantages: • Limited coverage area: MANs are limited to a specific geographic area, which means that they are not suitable for connecting computers that are located far apart. • Limited scalability: As more computers are added to a MAN, the network can become congested and slow down, limiting its scalability. • Security risks: Like LANs, MANs are vulnerable to security threats such as viruses, hacking, and unauthorized access.
Computer Network Topologies:
Star Topology is a network topology in which all devices are connected to a central hub or switch. The central hub or switch manages the network's traffic flow and ensures that data is transmitted to the correct device. Advantages of Star Topology • Easy to install and wire. • No disruptions to the network when connecting or removing devices. • Easy to detect faults and to remove parts. Disadvantages of Star Topology • Requires more cable length than a linear bus topology.
Bus Topology is a network topology in which all devices are connected to a single cable or backbone. Data is transmitted through the cable, and all devices receive the data. Bus topology is commonly used in small networks. Advantages of Bus Topology • Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a linear bus. • Requires less cable length than a star topology. Disadvantages of Bus Topology • Entire network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable. • Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable. • Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down. • Not meant to be used as a stand-alone solution.
Ring Topology is a network topology in which all devices are connected in a circular ring. Data is transmitted in one direction around the ring, and each device receives and then forwards the data to the next device until it reaches its destination. Ring topology is used in small networks, but it can be difficult to manage if one device fails. Advantages of Ring Topology • Low Cost • Easy to Expand • Easy to Troubleshoot Disadvantages of Ring Topology • Addition and removal of any node during a network is difficult and may cause issue in network activity. • Difficult to troubleshoot the ring. • In order for all the computer to communicate with each other, all computer must be turned on.
UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS:
SOME SCENARIOS FOR STAR, RING, AND BUS TOPOLOGIES:
Star Topology: In a company, there is a central server that controls the network. The employees connect their computers to the server through network cables. The server has a hub that connects all the cables from the employees, creating a star topology. The advantage of this topology is that if one employee's computer fails, it does not affect the entire network. Ring Topology: In a school, the classrooms are connected in a ring topology. Each classroom has a computer that is connected to the next classroom's computer through network cables, creating a closed loop. The advantage of this topology is that data travels in one direction, making it easy to manage the flow of information. Bus Topology: In a factory, there are multiple machines that are connected to a single cable, creating a bus topology. The machines can communicate with each other by sending data packets through the cable. The advantage of this topology is that it is simple and cost-effective to set up, as only one cable is required. However, if the cable fails, the entire network will be affected.
SOME SCENARIOS FOR LAN, WAN, AND MAN:
LAN (Local Area Network): A small business has a LAN that connects all of the employees' computers to a central server. This allows them to share files and resources, such as printers and internet access, within their local area. WAN (Wide Area Network): A multinational corporation has multiple offices in different countries that are connected through a WAN. This allows employees from different offices to communicate with each other and access resources, such as shared files and databases, from anywhere in the world. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): A city government has a MAN that connects all of the government buildings in the city, such as libraries, hospitals, and schools. This allows them to share resources and information, such as emergency services and public records, within their metropolitan area.
