BOHOL INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE

City of Tagbilaran
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

LEARNING MODULE IN LITERATURE 3

TOPIC : Philippine Literary Genres

Date : September 12, 2022
Week : Week 3
Module: : Module 3
Time :
Test Virtual Venue : Google Classroom
References : https://www.mamalisa.com/?t=es&p=3271
Learning Objectives : Explain how Philippine Literature promotes and preserves worthwhile
and universal values of Filipinos; and own culture

Biag ni Lam-ang (Summary)

BIAG NI LAM-ANG (Life of Lam-ang) is pre-Hispanic epic poem of the Ilocano people of
the Philippines. The story was handed down orally for generations before it was written
down around 1640 assumedly by a blind Ilokano bard named Pedro Bucaneg.

BUOD (SUMMARY) OF BIAG NI LAM-ANG

Don Juan and his wife Namongan lived in Nalbuan, now part of La Union in the
northern part of the Philippines. They had a son named Lam-ang. Before Lam-ang was
born, Don Juan went to the mountains in order to punish a group of their Igorot
enemies. While he was away, his son Lam-ang was born. It took four people to help
Namongan give birth. As soon as the baby boy popped out, he spoke and asked that he
be given the name Lam-ang. He also chose his godparents and asked where his father
was.

After nine months of waiting for his father to return, Lam-ang decided he would
go look for him. Namongan thought Lam-ang was up to the challenge but she was sad
to let him go. During his exhausting journey, he decided to rest for awhile. He fell
asleep and had a dream about his father's head being stuck on a pole by the Igorot.
Lam-ang was furious when he learned what had happened to his father. He rushed to
their village and killed them all, except for one whom he let go so that he could tell
other people about Lam-ang's greatness.
 Upon returning to Nalbuan in triumph, he was bathed by women in the
Amburayan river. All the fish died because of the dirt and odor from Lam-ang's body.

There was a young woman named Ines Kannoyan whom Lam-ang wanted to
woo. She lived in Calanutian and he brought along his white rooster and gray dog to
visit her. On the way, Lam-ang met his enemy Sumarang, another suitor of Ines whom
he fought and readily defeated.

Lam-ang found the house of Ines surrounded by many suitors all of whom were
trying to catch her attention. He had his rooster crow, which caused a nearby house to
fall. This made Ines look out. He had his dog bark and in an instant the fallen house
rose up again. The girl's parents witnessed this and called for him. The rooster
expressed the love of Lam-ang. The parents agreed to a marriage with their daughter
if Lam-ang would give them a dowry valued at double their wealth. Lam-ang had no
problem fulfilling this condition and he and Ines were married.

It was a tradition to have a newly married man swim in the river for the rarang
fish. Unfortunately, Lam-ang dove straight into the mouth of the water monster
Berkakan. Ines had Marcos get his bones, which she covered with a piece of cloth. His
rooster crowed and his dog barked and slowly the bones started to move. Back alive,
Lam-ang and his wife lived happily ever after with his white rooster and gray dog.

Ibalon (Three Heroes of the Bicol Epic)

When the hero Baltog came to the rich land of Ibalon, many monsters still
roamed around in its very dark forest. Baltog, born in Baltavara to the brave clan of
Lipod, was the first to cultivate the fields in the rich land of Ibalon.

2 Then the Tandayag attacked and destroyed Baltog‘s fields and crops. The
Tandayag was a monstrous wild boar but the hero Baltog was not afraid. One night, he
waited for the Tandayag and wrestled with it with all his might. The Tandayag had very
long fangs. The earth shook at the Tandayag‘s step. But Baltog was strong and brave.
He was able to pin down the monstrous wild boar and tear out its mouth.

3 Baltog carried the Tandayag and hung it on a talisay tree in front of his house
in Tondol. The people celebrated when they learned of the victory of their king Baltog.
The clans of Panicuason and Asog came over to marvel at the monstrous wild boar in
Ibalon.
 4 At that time the hero Handiong came with a band of warriors to the land of
Ibalon. Handiong and his men had to fight thousands of battles, and face many dangers
to defeat the monsters. They first fought the one-eyed giants in the land of Ponon.
They fought without rest for ten months until all the one-eyed giants were killed.

5 They went to the lair of the giant flying fishes called Tiburon which had slimy,
scaly, and hardy flesh and sawlike teeth that could crush rocks. Handiong and his men
did not stop until they vanquished every Tiburon.

6 They tamed the fierce tamaraws. They drove away the giant Sarimaw which
was larger than an elephant and very fierce. They used their spears and arrows to kill
all the crocodiles which were bigger than boats. The savage monkeys were frightened
and hid when they

saw the rivers and swamps of Ibalon turn red with blood.

7 Oriol was the hardest to kill. A serpent with a beautiful voice, Oriol could
change its image to deceive enemies. Oriol had escaped every trap and disappeared.

8 All by himself, Handiong looked for Oriol in the heart of the forest. He followed
the beautiful voice and was almost enchanted by it in his pursuit. It is said that Oriol
admired Handiong‘s bravery and gallantry. Thus, the serpent taught the hero how to
conquer the monsters until peace came to the whole Ibalon.

9 Handiong built a town in Isarog and a season of progress followed. Under

Handiong‘s leadership, the people planted rice which they named after him. He built the
first boat to ride the waves of Ibalon seas. Because of his good example, inventors
came forth from his people. Ginantong made the plow, harrow, and other farming tools.
Hablom invented the first loom for weaving abaca clothes. Dinahon, an Aeta, created
the stove, cooking pot, earthen jar, and other kitchen utensils. The brilliant Sural
thought of the alphabet and started to write on white rock. It was a golden period in
Ibalon when even slaves were respected under the laws of Handiong.

10 But there came the big flood freed by Unos, with earthquakes and the
eruption of the volcanoes of Hantik, Kolasi, and Isarog. Rivers dried up and the seas
receded. The earth parted, mountains sank, and many towns in Ibalon were destroyed.

11 Then appeared the giant Rabot, half-man half-beast, with terrible powers.

Bantong, Handiong‘s good friend, was ordered to kill the new monster in Ibalon. He
took with him a thousand warriors to attack Rabot‘s den. Bantong used his wisdom
against Rabot. He did not attack the giant‘s den right away but instead observed
Rabot‘s ways. He saw many rocks around the den. They were people turned into rock
by Rabot.

13 He also learned that Rabot loved to sleep. When Rabot slept very soundly,
Bantong was able to go near him. The giant died with a single stab by the brave and
wise Bantong. Ibalon was at peace once more.

HINILAWOD
When the goddess of the eastern sky Alunsina (also known as Laun Sina, “The
Unmarried One”) reached maidenhood, the king of the gods, Kaptan, decreed that she
should marry. All the unmarried gods of the different domains of the universe tried to
win her hand to no avail. She chose to marry a mortal, Datu Paubari, the mighty ruler
of Halawod.

Her decision angered her other suitors. They plotted to bring harm to the
newlyweds. A meeting of the council of gods was called by Maklium-sa-t’wan, god of
the plains, where a decision by those present was made to destroy Halawod by flood.

Alunsina and Paubari escaped harm through the assistance of Suklang Malayon,
the goddess and guardian of happy homes and sister of Alunsina, who learned of the
evil plot and warned the two so they were able to seek refuge on higher ground.

After the flood waters subsided, Paubari and Alunsina returned to the plains
secretly. They settled near the mouth of the Halawod river.

Several months later Alunsina became pregnant and told Paubari to prepare the
siklot, things necessary for childbirth. She delivered a set of triplets and summoned the
high priest Bungot-Banwa to perform the rites of the gods of Mount Madya-as (the
mountain abode of the gods) to ensure the good health of the children. The high priest
promptly made an altar and burned some alanghiran fronds and a pinch of kamangyan.
When the ceremony was over he opened the windows of the north side of the room
and a cold northernly wind came in and suddenly the three infants were transformed
into strong, handsome young men.

Labaw Donggon, the eldest of the three, asked his mother to prepare his magic
cape, hat, belt and kampilan (sword) for he heard of a place called Handug where a
beautiful maiden named Angoy Ginbitinan lived.

The journey took several days. He walked across plains and valleys, climbed up
mountains until he reached the mouth of the Halawod river. When he finally met the
maiden’s father and asked for her hand in marriage, the father asked him to fight the
monster Manalintad as part of his dowry. He went off to confront the monster and with
the help of his magic belt Labaw Donggon killed the monster and to prove his feat he
brought to Angoy Ginbitinan’s father the monster’s tail.

After the wedding, Labaw Donggon proceeded home with his new bride. Along
the way they met a group of young men who told him that they were on their way to
Tarambang Burok to win the hand of Abyang Durunuun, sister of Sumpoy, the lord of
the underworld and whose beauty was legendary.

Labaw Donggon and his bride continued on their journey home. The moment
they arrived home Labaw Donggon told his mother to take care of his wife because he
is taking another quest, this time he was going to Tarambang Burok.

Before he can get to the place he has to pass a ridge guarded by a giant named
Sikay Padalogdog who has a hundred arms. The giant would not allow Labaw Donggon
to go through without a fight. However, Sikay Padalogdog was no match to Labaw
Donggon’s prowess and skill in fighting so he gave up and allowed him to continue.

Labaw Donggon won the hand of Abyang Durunuun and also took her home.
Before long he went on another journey, this time it is to Gadlum to ask for the hand of
Malitong Yawa Sinagmaling Diwata who is the young bride of Saragnayan, the lord of
darkness.

This trip required him to use his biday nga inagta (black boat) on which he sailed
across the seas for many months, went across the region of the clouds, and passed the
land of stones until finally he reached the shores of Tulogmatian which was the seaside
fortress of Saragnayan. The moment he set foot on the ground Saragnayan asked him,
“Who are you and why are you here?”

To which he answered, “I am Labaw Donggon, son of Datu Paubari and goddess

Alunsina of Halawod. I came for the beautiful Malitong Yawa Sinagmaling Diwata.”

Saragnayan laughed. He told Labaw Donggon that what he wished for was
impossible to grant because she was his wife. Labaw Donggon then challenged
Saragnayan to a duel saying that whoever wins will have her.

The challenge was accepted and they started fighting. Labaw Donggon
submerged Saragnayan under water for seven years, but when he let go of him,
Saragnayan was still alive. The latter uprooted a coconut tree and started beating
Labaw Donggon with it. He survived the beating but was not able to surpass the
powers of Saragnayan’s pamlang (amulet) and eventually he gave up and was
imprisoned by Saragnayan beneath his house.

Back home Angoy Ginbitinan and Abyang Durunuun both delivered sons. Angoy
Ginbitinan’s child was named Aso Mangga and Abyang Durunuun’s son was called
Abyang Baranugon.

Only a few days after they were born, Aso Mangga and Abyang Baranugon
embarked to look for their father. They rode their sailboats through the region of
eternal darkness, passed the region of the clouds and the land of stones, finally
reaching Saragnayan’s home. Saragnayan noticed that Abyang Baranugon’s umbilical
cord have not yet been removed, he laughed and told the child to go home to his
mother.

Abyang Baranugon was slighted by the remarks and immediately challenged

Saragnayan to a duel. They fought and Abyang Baranugon defeated Saragnayan and
won his father’s freedom.

Labaw Donggon’s defeat and subsequent imprisonment by the Lord of Darkness

also angered his brothers. Humadapnon was so enraged that he swore to the gods of
Madya-as that he would wreak revenge on all of Saragnayan’s kinsmen and followers.

Humadapnon prepared to go to Saragnayan’s domain. He employed the aid of

Buyong Matanayon of Mount Matiula who was well-known for his skill in
swordsmanship. For their journey they rode on a sailboat called biday nga rumba-
rumba. They travelled through the region of the clouds, passed by the region of eternal
darkness and ended up at a place called Tarambang Buriraw. In this place was a ridge
called Talagas Kuting-tang where a seductive sorceress named Piganun lived.

Piganun changed herself to a beautiful maiden and captured the heart of

Humadapnon. Buyong Matanayon begged with Humadapnon to leave the place with
him but the latter refused. After seven months passed, Buyong Matanayon remembered
that they have brought with them some ginger. One evening at dinner time Buyong
Matanayon threw seven slices of ginger into the fire. When Pinganun smelled the odor
of burning ginger she left the dinner table because sorcerers hated the odor of ginger.
Immediately Buyong Matanayon struck Humadapnon, who became unconscious. He
dragged his friend with him and they were able to escape.

They continued with their trek and everywhere they went they exacted revenge
on all of Saragnayan’s people and relatives. One day they reached a place called Piniling
Tubig who was ruled by Datu Umbaw Pinaumbaw. There was a big gathering in the
village and when they asked what was going on they were told that the datu was giving
his daughter for marriage to whoever could remove the huge boulder that rolled from a
mountain into the center of the village. Many men tried their luck but no one so far was
able to even move the stone.

Humadapnon took off his magic cape and used it to lift the stone and threw it
back into the mountain. The datu kept his word and Humadapnon married his
daughter. During the wedding feast Humadapnon heared about the beauty of the
goddess of greed Burigadang Pada Sinaklang Bulawan from a guest minstrel who sang
at the celebration.

After the wedding Humadapnon went to seek the hand of the goddess in
marriage. Along the way he encountered Buyong Makabagting, son of the mighty Datu
Balahidyong of Paling Bukid who was also travelling with the same purpose in mind.
Upon learning of Humadapnon’s intent, Buyong Makabagting challenged him to a duel.
They fought and Buyong Makabagting was no match to Humadapnon’s strength and
skill. The fight ended when Buyong Makabagting surrendered and even promised to aid
Humadapnon in his quest. Humadapnon married the goddess and brought her home.

Meanwhile, right after Humadapnon left to seek Saragnayan’s followers and

relatives his brother Dumalapdap left for Burutlakan-ka-adlaw where the maiden Lubay-
Lubyok Hanginun si Mahuyokhuyokon lived. For the trip he brought along Dumasig, the
most powerful wrestler in Madya-as.

Several months later they came to a place called Tarambuan-ka-banwa where

they encountered the two-headed monster Balanakon who guarded a narrow ridge
leading to the place where the maiden lived.

With the aid of Dumasig, Dumalapdap killed Balanakon. However, upon

approaching the gate of the palace where the maiden lived he was confronted by
Uyutang, a bat-like monster with sharp poisonous claws. There ensued a bloody battle
between the Dumalapdap and the monster. They fought for seven months and their
skill and prowess seemed to be equal. But on the seventh month, Dumalapdap was able
to grab on to Uyutang’s ankle and broke it. Then he took his iwang daniwan (magic
dagger) and stabbed Uyutang under the armpit. Uyutang cried out so loud that the
ridge where they were fighting broke into two and there was an earthquake. Half of the
ridge became the island of Buglas (Negros) and the other became the island of Panay.

Dumalapdap married Lubay-Lubyok Hanginun si Mahuyokhuyokan and then took

her home. Datu Paubari was very happy when he was reunited with his three sons and
he prepared a feast in their honor. After the celebration, the three brothers left for
different parts of the world. Labaw Donggon went to the north, Humadapnon went
south, Dumalapdap to the west and Datu Paubari remained in the east.

Pamulinawen
(Ilocano)
Pamulinawen, pusok indengam man
Toy umas-asug agrayod'ta sadiam.
Panunotem man inka pagintutulngan
Toy agayat, agukkoy dita sadiam.

Essem nga diak malipatan ta nasudi unay a nagan,

Uray sadin ti ayan, lugar sadino man,
Aw-awagan di agsarday, ta naganmo kasam-itan.
No malagipka, pusok ti mabang-aran.

Adu a sabsabong, narway a rosrosas

Ti adda't ditoy a di nga mabuybuya,
Ngem awan man laeng ti pakaliwliwaan
No di dayta sudim ken kapintas.
Aywen, biagko, indengam man.
Iyasasokko nga inaldaw
Ta diak to a kayat ti sabali nga imnas
Sika laeng, o, biagko, ita ken uray tanemman
No malagipka, pusok ti mabang-aran.

Dakay nga ububbing, didakam' tultuladen

Ta dakkel kamin nga agiinnarem
Ta ituloyyo ta panagadalyo
Tapno inkay magun-od kakaligumanyo

Essem nga diak malipatan, ta nasudi unay a nagan,

Uray sadin ti ayan, lugar sadino man,
Aw-awagan di agsarday ta naganmo kasam-itan.
No malagipka, pusok ti mabang-aran.
Pamulinawen, please do not be upset,

Pamulinawen
(English)
Pamulinawen, please do not be upset,
That was just a joke
It won't happen again,
 Have faith, my Darling.

If you are still angry,

Punish me completely
And you will expect
That I won't feel bad.

My love is real
And not merely a joke
My heart's with you
Have no doubt.

And if that is still not enough

I offer you my life
That is proof
Of my utter love.

If you are still angry,

Punish me completely
And you will expect
That I won't feel bad.

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