James Leonard Munez

I. Define the following terms: (10 pts.)

1) IP address - A device on the internet or a local network can be identified by its IP address, which is a
special address. The rules defining the format of data delivered over the internet or a local network are
known as "Internet Protocol," or IP. A series of integers separated by periods makes up an IP address.
Four numbers are used to represent IP addresses; for instance, 192.158.1.38 might be one such address.
The range of each number in the set is 0 to 255. Therefore, the complete IP addressing range is 0.0.0.0
to 255.255.255.255.

2) Domain name - The most crucial element of your website is probably the domain name, which is the
actual name of the website. There cannot be two identical domain names, just like there cannot be two
phone numbers or addresses. A domain name is the string of letters, numbers, and symbols that a user
types into their browser to directly visit a particular web address.

3) Upload - Sometimes abbreviated as UL or U/L, upload is sending a file to another computer through
a modem or network.

4) Download - Download refers to copying data from one computer to another, either through a
network or modem, and is sometimes abbreviated as DL, D/L, or DLing. For instance, if you access a web
page on the Internet, your computer downloads all of the information on the page, including any
images. The word "download" is frequently used to refer to files including photos, music, videos, and
software.

5) Server - A server is a piece of hardware or software that processes requests sent over a network and
answers to them. A client is the device that submits a request and waits for a response from the server.
The computer system that accepts requests for online files and transmits those files to the client is
referred to as a "server" in the context of the Internet.

6) Web browser - A browser, often known as a web browser or Internet browser, is a piece of software
used to display and browse content on the World Wide Web. These bits of content, which include
images, videos, and web pages, are categorized with URIs and linked together using hyperlinks (Uniform
Resource Identifiers). This page serves as an illustration of how a browser can be used to read a web
page.

7) Web address - A URL (Uniform Resource Locator), also referred to as an internet address or web
address, is a defined naming convention and URI for addressing documents accessible over the Internet
and Intranet. The URL enables a computer to find and open a web page on another computer connected
to the Internet. The URL for the Computer Hope website, https://www.computerhope.com, serves as an
illustration of a URL.

8) Hyperlink - A hyperlink, also known as a link or a web link, is a symbol, graphic, or piece of text that
points to another file or object. There are billions of pages and files connected via hyperlinks on the
World Wide Web. A hyperlink to the Computer Hope home page, for instance, is "Computer Hope home
page."
9) Search engine - A search engine is a piece of software that can be accessed via the Internet and
searches databases of data in response to user queries. The search engine offers a list of outcomes that
most closely match the user's search criteria. The Internet is now home to a wide variety of search
engines, each with its own capabilities and features. Archie, the first search engine ever created, was
used to look for FTP files, while Veronica, the first text-based search engine, was deemed the first.
Google is currently the most widely used and well-known search engine. AOL, Ask.com, Baidu, Bing,
DuckDuckGo, and Yahoo are some of the other well-known search engines.

10) HTML - The World Wide Web displays electronic documents, sometimes known as pages, that are
created using HTML. Each page has numerous hyperlinks, which are connections to other pages. You are
currently viewing one version of HTML on every web page. For your Internet browser, HTML coding
guarantees that text and graphics are formatted correctly. Without HTML, a browser would not
understand how to load images or other elements or display text as an element. Cascading Style Sheets
are layered on top of HTML's basic page structure to customize the page's appearance. A web page's
bones (structure) could be compared to HTML, and its skin to CSS (appearance).

II. Discuss the different types of Internet connections. (5 pts.)

There are many connections that can be used for internet access. All the connections have their own
speed range that can be used for different purposes like for home, or for personal use.

 Dial-Up Connection - A dial-up connection is established between your computer and the ISP
server using a modem. A dial-Up Connection is a cheap and traditional connection that is not
preferred these days as this type of connection is very slow. To access the internet connection in
the dial-up connection we need to dial a phone number on the computer and that’s why it
requires a telephone connection. It requires a modem to set up a dial-up connection, which
works as interference between your computer and the telephone line. In this connection, we
can use either an internet connection or telephone at a time.
 Broadband Connection - Broadband refers to high-speed internet access that is faster than
traditional dial-up access. It is provided through either cable or telephone composition. It does
not require any telephone connection that’s why here we can use telephone and internet
connection simultaneously. In this connection, more than one person can access the internet
connection simultaneously. It is a wide bandwidth data transmission that transports several
signals and traffic types. In this connection, the medium used is coaxial cable, optical fiber cable,
radio, or twisted pair cable.
 DSL - DSL stands for Digital Subscriber Line. It provides an internet connection through the
telephone line(network). DSL is a form of broadband communication that is always on, there is
no need to dial a phone number to connect. DSL connection uses a router to transport data and
the speed of this connection range between 128k to 8Mbps depending on the service offered. A
DSL connection can translate data at 5 million bytes per second, or 5mbps. DSL service can be
delivered simultaneously with wired telephone service on the same telephone line due to high-
frequency bands for data.
 Cable - It is a form of broadband access cable modem that can provide extremely fast access to
the internet. The speed of this connection varies which can be different for uploading data
 transmission or downloading. It uses a cable modem to provide an internet connection and
operates over cable TV lines. The speed of cable connection ranges from 512k to 20Mbps.h
 Satellite Connection - This type of connection is provided mainly in rural areas where a
broadband connection is not yet offered. It accesses the internet via a satellite that is in Earth’s
orbit. The signal travels from a long distance that is from earth to satellite and back again which
provides a delayed connection. Satellite connection speeds range from 512k to 2.0Mbps. 
 Wireless Connection - As the name suggests wireless connection does not use telephone lines
or cables to connect to the internet. The wireless connection uses a radio frequency band to
connect to the internet. It is also an always-on connection and this connection can be accessed
from anywhere and speed may vary for different locations. It ranges from 5Mbps to 20Mbps.
 Cellular - Cellular technology provides wireless Internet access through cell phones. Speed may
vary depending on the service provider. The most common are 3G and 4G which means from
3rd generation and 4th generation respectively. The speed of the 3G cellular network is around
2.0Mbps and the 4G cellular network is around 21Mbps the goal of the 4G network is to achieve
peak mobile speeds of 100Mbps but the current speed of the 4G network is about 21Mbps.
 ISDN - ISDN stands for Integrated Service Digital Network and it is a circuit-switched telephone
network system, but it also provides access to packet-switched networks that transmits both
voice and data over a digital line. It provides a packet-switched connection for data in
increments of 64 kilobit/s. ISDN connection provides better speeds and higher quality than
traditional connections. It provided a maximum of 128kbit/s bandwidth in both upstream and
downstream directions.

III. Discuss the types of websites and provide some examples. (5 pts.)

eCommerce Website

An eCommerce website is a website where users can directly buy products. You’ve likely used
one of the millions of eCommerce websites on the internet before, as most big brands – and thousands
of smaller ones – have one. From fashion websites to food websites, any website with a shopping cart
and a way for you to provide payment information fall into this category.

The Coldstream Brewery site is an example of an eCommerce Website designed by the experts at BSO
Digital.

Business Website

A business or corporate website is any website that is devoted to representing a specific

The SOCM site is an example of a Business Website designed by the experts at BSO Digital.

Entertainment Website

Consider your internet browsing history. You can probably think of a few fun websites you visit
each day purely for entertainment. They could be humorous websites like a webcomic or the Onion or
websites with engaging content like Buzzfeed. Some entertainment websites work with less creative
content but can provide specific information that people can use for their hobbies and interests. Most of
these websites still aim to make money, but unlike eCommerce sites, they do so by allowing advertising
on their websites rather than selling specific products or services.

The Trend Wire site is an example of an Entertainment Website that can people can use for their
hobbies, designed by the experts at BSO Digital.

Portfolio Website

Portfolio websites are essentially devoted to showing examples of past work. These are
generally used by service providers to show potential clients what they do. Portfolios demonstrate the
best examples of the past work they’ve done. These websites are simpler to build than other business
websites and focus more on showcasing work of all kinds. They are most commonly used by creative
professionals and freelancers like artists, writers, web designers, and photographers. Some portfolios,
like wedding websites, artist websites or professional photography websites, show off goods and
services the owner provides without the ability to buy online. This encourages users to make enquiries
via email or phone and typically don’t have pricing listed online.

The Furstock Studios site is an example of a Portfolio Website designed by the experts at BSO Digital.

Media Website

Media websites are essentially magazine and news websites. Unlike blogger websites, they are focused
on journalism rather than personal interests. These websites are essentially online news outlets that
focus on world news, fashion, hobbies, special interests, and more. If you want to create this kind of
website, you can also create a premium subscription feature. Visitors can pay to read more than a few
articles per day or read more than a few paragraphs of each article.

The Reputex site is an example of a Media Website designed by the experts at BSO Digital.

Non-Profit Website

Much like businesses are expected to have a website to legitimize themselves, non-profits are also
expected to have a website these days. A non-profit website is the easiest way for potential donors to
engage with the charity or organization, find more information about the cause, and make donations. If
you’re creating a website for your non-profit, you can use it to promote the projects your organization
tackles, encourage followers and donors to take action and, most importantly, accept donations.

The Keeley’s Cause site is an example of a Non-Profit Website designed by the experts at BSO Digital.

Educational Website

Any websites for educational institutions or those offering online courses fall under the category of an
educational website. These have the main goal of either providing educational materials to visitors or
information on an educational institution they may wish to attend. Some education websites will have
advertisements, similar to entertainment and media websites, in order to make money. Some will also
offer a subscription model or educational products for purchase. And some sites simply offer an
informative online presence for an existing institution.

The Act Mindfully site is an example of an Educational Website designed by the experts at BSO Digital.
Personal Website

A personal website is designed to put the site’s namesake front and centre. Public figures, actors,
celebrities, and influencers all tend to have personal websites. This allows them not only to be featured
as a brand, but to provide information about themselves and how they can be contacted by potential
business partners, producers, etc. there are no conventions for what these types of websites can
include, but genuinely speaking, the copy should express the person’s tone, style, and point of view.

The David Staughton site is an example of a Personal Website designed by the experts at BSO Digital.

Web Portal

Web portals are generally for internal purposes for businesses, organisations, or institutions. They
collect information in different formats from different sources in one place to make all relevant
information accessible to the people who need it. This means adding logins as well as personalised views
for different users to ensure information is seen by relevant users. Web portals generally involve more
complicated programming and design than most other websites described in this list, so look for a highly
skilled web agency, like BSO Digital, if this is the kind of website you need.

The BSO Support Page is an example of a Web Portal designed by the experts at BSO Digital.

Booking Website

A booking website’s core focus is on giving its users a way to book accommodation and services. From
resort stays to plane tickets, a successful booking website should offer ease of use to its customers,
allowing them to quickly make a booking for what they need when they need it. Clear pages just as
availabilities and products or services should be accessible to ensure users can navigate the site
promptly. Ensure things like dates, location, stay time, travel time, seating and room selection are clear
and concise. The last thing you want is for your customers to accidentally book the wrong concert ticket
or hotel room because of unclear menus or hard to find information.

The Noosa Holiday Accommodation site is an example of a Booking Website designed by the experts at
BSO Digital.

Blog

A blog is essentially a digital journal. It started as a trend for individuals to use, and many bloggers have
become quite successful and built highly profitable blogs over the years. But blogging has also grown as
part of business strategy, helping to update customers regarding the business and offer valuable
industry content. Blogs can offer just reading material, but they can also sell books written by the blog’s
author or ad space.

The Ride On Magazine website is an example of a Blog designed by the experts at BSO Digital.

Apparel Designer Website

Apparel designer websites give their users a solution to all their custom clothing needs. From street
fashion to sportswear, you can design and custom order any number of clothing items from an apparel
designer website. These sites may act as a portfolio of sorts, showing off previous work they have done
or giving users an option to inquire about producing custom clothing. Companies that host apparel
designer websites typically design and produce custom clothing to order, whether for a sports club or a
photoshoot, but may have an option to continuously produce and ship custom apparel for your online
store.

The Maker Sports site is an example of an Apparel Designer Website designed by the experts at BSO
Digital.

Government Website

A government website is owned and operated by the government body connected to that specific
website. This can range from public health information sites, government-funded data and statistics to
government services like libraries and police stations. These sites are primarily made to provide the
users who live in a specific area, state or country with relevant information. The content on these
government websites is updated regularly to provide users with the most up to date information. This
can be as simple as contact information or trading hours to more specific information like government
laws and policies. A government website should prioritise readability and user experience in an effort to
make the information they provide understandable and easy to find.

The Public Library Victoria site is an example of a Government Website designed by the experts at BSO
Digital.

Membership Websites

A membership website is another type of website that places content behind a password or “paywall”.
Users need to register to see private content. Membership websites can offer free and premium
registrations or both. There are many other possible options as well. Membership websites can offer
infinite or finite access to private content after payment. You can also set up recurring payments for
memberships that automatically renew as much as daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly.

The Oz Whisky Review site is an example of a Membership Website designed by the experts at BSO
Digital.

Marketplace Website

A marketplace website is a platform that allows people to come in as a buyer or a seller. Sites like eBay
and Facebook Marketplace give their users a way to become their own store owners, allowing them to
upload images of their stock and sell at their prices. Buyers may be able to simply purchase an item and
have it shipped to them on some of these sites, while others require buyers and sellers to communicate
with each other to organise payment and delivery. Sites like Etsy can allow its users to make their own
online store, giving them a platform to sell their goods in an organised and accessible way, making
money by taking a small cut on sales. Some marketplace websites work to connect buyers and sellers
together. While no goods or services are sold directly on these websites, they can direct buyers to the
right seller in order to find the product or service they’re looking for.

The Digital Process Servers site is an example of a Market Website that connects buyers and sellers,
designed by the experts at BSO Digital.