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Here is the thinking process description for the given scenario: Identifying a topic, problem or issue: The smart 360 robot vacuum cleaner stopped working after 3 months of purchase. Gathering information: Asking mother details like when exactly it stopped working, any signs/sounds before it stopped, if she tried troubleshooting steps etc. Developing solutions or furthering understanding: Check if battery is fully charged, check power cable connection, check for dust clogging, check sensors or wheels for obstruction. Testing solutions or new ideas: Testing the vacuum cleaner by charging battery fully, cleaning dust, checking power cable, cleaning sensors. Post-analysis, or reviewing what solutions worked, or

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52 views18 pages

Lecture01withTutorial PDF

Here is the thinking process description for the given scenario: Identifying a topic, problem or issue: The smart 360 robot vacuum cleaner stopped working after 3 months of purchase. Gathering information: Asking mother details like when exactly it stopped working, any signs/sounds before it stopped, if she tried troubleshooting steps etc. Developing solutions or furthering understanding: Check if battery is fully charged, check power cable connection, check for dust clogging, check sensors or wheels for obstruction. Testing solutions or new ideas: Testing the vacuum cleaner by charging battery fully, cleaning dust, checking power cable, cleaning sensors. Post-analysis, or reviewing what solutions worked, or

Uploaded by

yanasakaran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ACT1014N Introduction to Programming

Lecture 1 Introduction to Analytical Thinking


Learning Outcomes:
• Upon completion of this lesson, students will be able to:

– Understand the definition of analytical thinking

– Understand the analytical thinking process

– Identify the elements of analytical thinking

2 Document title
Analytical Thinking
Definition
• Must be able to identify and define problems,

• extract key information from data and

• develop workable solutions for the problems identified

– in order to test and verify the cause of the problem


and develop solutions to resolve the problems
identified.

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Types of Problems Which Required Analytical Thinking
In your daily life:

• Why is your car engine cannot start normally?

• Why your laptop is having beeping sound and cannot boot


normally?

• Why do you feel giddy after taking Covid-19 vaccination?

• Why do you feel sad after seeing your good friend is having
a boy friend? Can you identify & define problems, extract key
information and develop workable solution?
4 Document title
Types of Problems Which Required Analytical Thinking
Programming problems:
• Why the mathematical calculation is wrong?

• Why the purchase order is unsuccessful in the Shopee?

• Why is the AZ vaccination booking failed?

• Why the payment transaction in Maybank failed?

• Why the check in kiosk cannot detect the guest face?


Can you identify & define problems, extract key
information and develop workable solution?
5 Document title
Thinking Process

Identifying a topic, problem or issue

Gathering information

Developing solutions or furthering your


understanding of the topic

Testing solutions or new ideas based on


what you’ve learned

Post-analysis, or reviewing what solutions


worked, or assessing your new knowledge
Example: Scenario – why the fan is not working?
Identifying a topic, problem or issue The fan is not working

Gathering information The fan is not spinning after on the wall


switch
The fan is not working when turned on with
remote control.
Developing solutions or furthering your Check if the wall switch is jammed or the
understanding of the topic cable in wall switch spoiled.
Check if the remote control’s battery’s
died.
Check if the motor’s of the fan spoiled.
Check if the circuit of the fan spoiled.
Testing solutions or new ideas based on what The fan turned on after remote control’s
you’ve learned battery is replaced.

Post-analysis, or reviewing what solutions Derive solution – if the fan can turn on with
worked, or assessing your new knowledge wall switch but not with the remote control,
probably that the remote control’s battery is
7 Document title
died and must be replaced.
Is the Thinking Process important?
• It allows you to find solutions to common problems

• Make decisions about what actions to take next.

• It allows you to understand problems and analyzing


the situation for viable solutions.

• This ability can improve your work and support


personal career goals.
Thinking Process Elements
Critical thinking

Critical thinkers are capable of identifying all aspects of a


problem and understanding why a problem exists.

They will take the time to fully understand a problem in order


to develop a workable solution.

Example:
How many factors are there which contribute to computer failure?
Thinking Process Elements
Data and information analysis

Data and information analysis is one of the primary parts of


analytical thinking.

Once a problem is identified, it’s important to know how to review


and analyze the data or information that will be essential to
solving the problem.

Example:
• Understanding root cause of computer failure by observing sound,
signal light, hardware condition, error code on screen.
• Read computer hardware manual or software troubleshooting guide to
find possible solutions.
Thinking Process Elements
Research

• Research is an integral part of the analytical thinking process.

• Once a problem is identified, it’s important to perform research for a


solution.

• Research can be as simple as asking a co-worker or manager who may have


more knowledge of the problem, to more extensive online searches through
official sources.

• Part of the research process also involves knowing what information is


valuable or essential to solving the problem.

• Example:
• Find existing solution to treat flu.
• Find new medicine & vaccine to threat Covid-19 Omicron? Deltacron?
Thinking Process Elements
Communication

• It is essential to be in constant communication with stakeholders


while identifying problems, developing solutions, carrying out
research, and discussing results.

• Once a problem or solution is identified, communicating it out to an


individual, team or company is essential to achieve the end goal.

• Transferring this information clearly and thoroughly is a key skill in


the analytical thinking process.

• Example:
• Announcement, research publication, press conference, meeting,
memo
Thinking Process Elements
Problem-solving

• After a problem, situation or area of improvement is identified and


research is complete, it is important to solve for a solution.

• You will use analytical thinking skills to sort and organize data
uncovered during the research phase to find a reasonable and effective
solution with problem-solving skills.

• Example:
Find the optimal solution for preventing Covid-19:
1) Stay at home forever, 2) continue to take vaccination every 3 months
3) Wear 5-ply mask 24/7, 4) stay vigilant and continue normal life
Behavioral Indicators in Programming
1. Collects information and data.

2. Extracts relevant data in order to identify possible causes for


the problem.

3. Critically examines issues by breaking them down into manageable


parts.

4. Analyses information to determine and ascertain the most likely


cause of the problem.

5. Identifies the logical, factual outcomes based on the data,


information and analyses conducted.

6. Identifies action to prevent the problem from occurring partially


or totally.
Behavioral Indicators in Programming
Situation:
The web programmer found that the ticket booking page is not functioning
correctly.

1. Collects information and data.


When is the error occurred?
What did the user typed/key in and caused error?

2. Extracts relevant data in order to identify possible causes for the problem.
After user key in booking date
A date for ticket purchase in 2023

3. Critically examines issues by breaking them down into manageable parts.


Data entry issue
Data validation issue
Data availability issue
Behavioral Indicators in Programming
4. Analyses information to determine and ascertain the most likely cause of
the problem.
Is the booking date entry format correct? (dd-mm-yyyy / mm-dd-yyyy)?
Is the booking date out of range (ex: February 30)
Is the booking date not supported in database yet?

5. Identifies the logical, factual outcomes based on the data, information


and analyses conducted.
Booking date entry in textbox can create format error without clear
instruction on dd-mm-yyyy format.
Booking date validation is not performed (no validation check)
Booking date range (duration available for booking) is not specified clearly.

Identifies action to prevent the problem from occurring partially or totally.


Behavioral Indicators in Programming
6. Identifies action to prevent the problem
from occurring partially or totally.

Provide example data entry format to user.


Use calendar widget instead of textbox entry.
Provide data out of range error warning message
Provide clear booking range or disable not
available booking dates/options
Tutorial 1:
Derive the thinking process description (refer
slide 6) for the scenario below.
Submit answer in the post text section.

Your mother recently purchased a smart 360 robot


vacuum cleaner. After 3 months, the vacuum cleaner
stopped working. Your mother asked you to find out
why it is not working properly.

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