GenBio2 Q3 M4 6 Learner PDF
GenBio2 Q3 M4 6 Learner PDF
GenBio2 Q3 M4 6 Learner PDF
Logmao
Special Science Teacher I
Buting Senior High School
A system of chronological measurement
that relates stratigraphy to time.
Evidence from radiometric dating
indicates that Earth is 4.54 billion years
old.
Eon- a unit of geologic time equal to one
billion years.
Era- a large division of geologic time
usually shorter than an eon
Period- a portion of time determined by
some recurring phenomenon
Epoch- a division of geologic time less
than a period and greater than an age
Eons in Pre-Cambrian:
1. Hadean
2. Archean
3. Proterozoic
4.6billion years ago to roughly 3.8 billion
years ago.
During Hadean time, the solar system
was forming within a cloud of dust and
gas known as the solar nebula, which
eventually spawned asteroids, comets,
moons and planets.
3.8 – 2.5 billion years ago
Origin of Earth
Oldest known rocks on Earth’s surface
Oldest Fossils of cells(prokaryotes)
Concentration of Oxygen begins to
increase
2.5 billion years ago to 542 million years
ago
Herbivorous eukaryotes (algae)
Increase in atmospheric oxygen
First glaciation
Cambrian Explosion
oceans are filled with invertebrate
animals
Plants dominate the land
The first fish evolved
Vascular Plants
Seed-bearing Plants
First amphibian
First reptile reproduced on land
massive deposits of carbon
supercontinent “Pangea”
With volcanic eruptions, climatic
variability, and abrupt sea-level changes
reptile lineages first appeared
Mass Extinction
Pangeastarted to separate into Laurasia
Modern corals, fish and insects evolved
Gymnosperms dominate landscape
The earliest bird evolved from reptile
ancestors.
Major group of mammals evolved while
individual mammals remains small in size
Flowering plants appear
Extinctionof dinosaurs
The continent was close to the current
position.
The endosymbiotic theory states that some of the organelles in eukaryotic
cells were once prokaryotic microbes. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are
the same size as prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA which is circular, not
linear.
Population genetics is the study of
genetic variation within populations,
and involves the examination and
modelling of changes in the frequencies
of genes and alleles in populations over
space and time.
No Selection
No Mutation
Large Population
Formula:
p+q=1
p+q=1
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1