W220 Valve Mechanism and camshaft 14.

14. Valve Mechanism and camshaft

14.1 Valve mechanism
14.1.1 Description of valve mechanism
The valve mechanism operates the inlet and outlet valves at the re-
quired timing. The valve mechanism consists of piston type valve
tappets (item 3) moving in a common guide block casing, the
multihousing (item 4), tubular push rods (item 6) with ball joints, nodu-
lar cast iron rocker arms (item 8) journalized on a rocker arm bearing
bracket (item 11), yokes (item10) guided by a yoke pin in the cylinder
head.
9 1. Roller and bronze bushing
7 8 2. Roller pin
F 3. Valve tappet
4. Roller tappet housing
5. Protection sleeve
6. Push rod
7.Circlips
8. Rocker arm
9. Rocker arm screw
11 10 10. Yoke
19 11. Rocker bracket
5 12. Screw and special
6 5 washer
14 14 13. Safety plate and screw
15 14. O-ring
12 4
4 15. Valve tappet cover
15 16. Locking pin
17. Spring
3 1 18 18. O-ring
3 3

2
F 13

17
16
1

Fig. 14-01

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14.1.2 Function
The movement of the valve tappets is governed by the cam profile.
The valve tappets transfer the movement through push rods to the
rocker arms.
The rocker arms operate the two inlet and two exhaust valves
through a yoke.
The rocker arm holder is made of :
· modular cast iron for the bracket
· steel for the axis.
The angular position of the axis is important for the quantity of lube oil
supplied to the valve mechanism.
The rocker arm bracket is fastened to the cylinder head with two long
screws.
The rocker arms act on the valve yokes, which are guided by an axis
fitted in the cylinder head.
To compensate heat expansion, clearance must be adjusted be-
tween the rocker arm and yoke (valve clearances). All adjustments
are made on a cold engine and this work procedure is explained in
Chap. 06.
Each valve yoke operates two valves simultaneously.
The valve mechanism is lubricated from the main flow with pipe con-
nections, see Chapter 18 (Lube oil flow to camshafts). All other flows
in the cylinder head go through drillings.
Lube oil to the valve yokes passes through the rocker arm bracket.
Lube oil, which is passed to the yoke, lubricates the valve rotators.
Lube oil is returned to the crankcase in a free flow through the pro-
tecting sleeves for the push rod

14.1.3 Maintenance of valve mechanism

This mechanism is normally maintenance free. However, compo-
nent wear should be checked at the times specified in Chapters 04
and 06, for settings and limits of wear. Mark the components when
dismantling, so they can be refitted in the same position to avoid un-
necessary wear.

14.1.3.1 Dismantling of valve mechanism

1 Remove the cylinder head, and camshaft covers for the
cylinder in question.
2 Turn the crankshaft into a position where the valve tappet
rollers are on the base circle of the cams.
3 Undo the screws (item 9),and remove the rocker bracket
(item 11) from the cylinder head.
4 Remove the circlips (item 7), with the dedicated circlips
pliers and rocker arms (item 8).

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 W220 Valve Mechanism and camshaft 14.

5 Remove the pushrods (item 6) and protecting sleeves (item

5).
6 Remove the lube oil pipe from the cylinder head (Chapter
12)
7 Remove the screws with special washers (item 12) and
take off the roller tappet housing (item 4).
8 Remove the securing plate (item 13) to withdraw the valve
tappets. Then mark the parts so they can be put back in the cor-
rect position.
9 The tappet roller (item 1) and the roller pin (item 2) can
then be separated by depressing the locking pin (item 16)
into the roller pin and sliding out.

Note : When removing the tappet roller, take care not to loose the locking
pin (item 16) with its spring (item 17).

14.1.3.2 Inspection of valve mechanism parts

1 Clean the rocker arm bore, the journal, and measure the
extent of wear. When cleaning, pay attention to the lube oil
holes.
2 Clean and inspect all parts of the valve tappets. When
cleaning, pay attention to the lube oil holes.
3 Measure the valve tappet boring and the journal as well as
the tappet roller for wear.
4 Replace the O-rings (items 14 and 18) of the valve tappet
cover (item 15), if they are hardened or damaged.
14.1.3.3 Valve mechanism refitting
1 Lubricate the parts of the valve tappet with clean engine
oil and assemble them in alignment with the marks, that were
made during removal.
2 Insert the valve tappets (item 3) into their guide housing
(item 4).
3 Fix the securing plate with the screws (item 13), which are
degreased and pre-covered with Loctite 243, reference
184741040.
4 Mount the roller tappet housing onto the engine with
screws and special washers and tighten them to the stated
torque, Chapter 07.
5 Lubricate the O-rings (item 14) with the engine oil, insert
the protecting sleeves (item 5) and push rods (item 6) through the
cylinder head into the valve tappet cover (item 15) ; (push rods
(item 6) need to be fitted into the valve tappet (item 3) ).
6 Mount the yoke. For adjusting the yokes, see section 12.4.2.
(Chapter 12).
7 Lubricate the rocker arm bore and mount the rocker arms
(item 8) on the bracket (item 11).

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 14. Valve Mechanism and camshaft W220

8 Fit the circlips (item 7) with a circlips pliers and check the
axial clearance and free rotation of rocker arms.
9 Check that valve tappet rolllers are still on the base circle of
the cams. Tighten the screws to the nominal torque.
10 Mount the rocker arm bracket (item 11) on the cylinder
head and tighten the screws (item 9) to the nominal torque (see
Chapter 07).
11 Connect the lube oil pipe.
12 Check the valve clearances (see Chapter 06) and mount
the covers.

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 W220 Valve Mechanism and camshaft 14.

14.2 Camshaft
14.2.1 Description
Characteristics and dimensions The camshaft is made of two sections for the 12V and three sections
Material : special case-hardened for the 18V engines. The sections are joined together by flanges. The
steel camshaft rotates in bushes that are nitrogen fitted into the engine
Space requirements for camshaft block. They may be removed with a special hydraulic tool SPC
maintenance :
12V : 900 mm
8370005 with SPC 8370004 and SPC 8370007 depending to free
18V : 1200 mm space around the engine. The camshaft may be removed from the
Mass per section : 55 / 75 kg engine or fitted into it from either end.
The lubricating oil for the camshafts is fed at the flywheel end via the
protecting box (A side) or via the box (B side).
The lube oil flows through the camshaft along an oilway and lubri-
cates the camshaft bearings.

14.2.2 Removal of a camshaft section from the fly-

wheel side
1 Drain water and lube oil circuits as explained in Chapters 19
and 18.
2 Uncouple the alternator and engine.
3 Remove the flywheel.
4 Remove the flywheel housing.
5 Remove the roller tappet housing in relation with the cam-
shaft section concerned.
6 Remove the side access doors, remove the rocker gear
connections.
7 Note the position of the parts. Remove the camshaft drive
gear without touching the intermediate gears (see Chapter 13).
8 Undo the flange clamping nuts of the camshaft connection.
9 Remove the shaft end cover, free end side.
10 Separate the camshaft sections.
11 Fit the support tools, SPC 8360003 (4 for 12V and 16V, 6 for
18V).
12 Note the position of the parts so they can be refitted in the
same location.
13 Move the free section carefully toward the end of the en-
gine and extract it, using a fibre sling, passing successively
through the roller tappet housing locations.

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 14. Valve Mechanism and camshaft W220

14.2.3 Removal of a camshaft section from the free

end side
1 Drain the water circuit as explained in Chapter 19. Remove
the two camshaft covers on free end side.
2 Remove the two air coolant covers on water side.
3 Remove the two camshaft covers on free end side.
4 Remove the roller tappet housing in relation with the con-
cerned camshaft section.
5 Undo the flange clamping nuts.
6 Remove the shaft end closure.
7 Note the position of the parts, so they can be refitted in the
same location.
8 Fit the support tool SPC 8360003 (4 for 12V, 6 for 18V).
9 Separate the camshaft sections.
10 Move the free section carefully toward the end of the en-
gine and extract it using a hoist and a fibre sling passing succes-
sively through the multihousing locations.

14.2.4 Re-installing the camshaft section from the fly-

wheel side
1 Clean and degrease all screw threaded components and
the connecting flange faces, with an universal solvent,
reference MGE000062.
2 Clean and lubricate the anti-friction bushes with clean en-
gine oil.
3 Carefully slide the camshaft section into place using the
support tool SPC 8360003 (4 for 12V and 6 for 18V). Use the marks
made as in Chapter 14.2 to position the different sections cor-
rectly.
4 Change the nuts for new ones and tighten them to the
torque specified in Chapter 07.
5 Refit the camshaft gear (see Chapter 13).
6 Refit the protecting covers (see Chapter 13).
7 Carefully check visually the valve pushrods and cam fol-
lowers.The latter must be changed even if only slightly
damaged.
8 Refit the flywheel cover and the flywheel.
9 Check the timing setting on cylinders 1 and 4 (see Chapter
13).
10 Refit the roller tappet housings, see section 14.2.6.
11 Fit the camshaft doors, tighten to the right torque, see
Chapter 07.
12 Check the valve clearances, see Chapter 06.
13 Couple up the engine to the alternator and check the
alignment, see Chapter 07.

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 W220 Valve Mechanism and camshaft 14.

14 Fill in water and lube oil circuits.

14.2.5 Re-installing the camshaft section from the free

end side
1 Clean and degrease all screws threaded components and
the connecting flange forces with an universal solvent,
reference MGE000062.
2 Clean and lubricate anti-friction bushes with clean engine
oil.
3 Carefully slide the camshaft section or the complete or the
complete camshaft according to the case into place, using the
support tool SPC 8360003 (4 for 12V, and 6 for 18V).

Note : In case of complete camshaft assembly :

- On B side, remove the connection axle (item 1, fig. 14-02) and re-
place it by the camshaft mounting end piece SPC 8370002
- on A side, remove the connection end piece (item 2, fig.14-02),
and replace it by the camshaft mounting end piece SPC 8370002.

1
Free end side B bank Flywheel side

A bank
2

Fig. 14-02

4 Remove the tooling and mount the end piece (item 1 or 2)

according to the camshaft side.
5 Use the marks made as in Chapter 14.2.3. to refit the parts in
same location.
6 Change the nuts for new ones and tighten them to the right
torque, see Chapter 07.
7 Refit the camshaft gear, see Chapter 13.
8 Refit the protecting covers, see Chapter 13.
9 Check carefully the pushrods and followers. The latter can
be changed even if only slightly damaged.
10 Fill in the lube oil and water circuits.

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 14. Valve Mechanism and camshaft W220

14.2.6 Roller tappet housing assembly

1 Check the cleanliness of the block and the housing surfaces.
2 Put the lube oil sealing (item 2) on the engine block.
3 Check the good behaviour of the two dowel pins (item 1)
4 Smear the tappet housing sealing surface on the block side
with a special sealing paste, reference MGE000084.
5 Fix the housing with screws with special washers tightened to
the right torque, see Chapter 07.
6 Valve mechanism refitting : see section 14.1.3.3.

1
1

Upper B Bank view

Fig. 14-03

Note : When refitting the tappet housing assembly, do not forget to put the
O-ring on engine block side (item 2, fig.14-03) to ensure a good lubri-
cation.

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 W220 Valve Mechanism and camshaft 14.

14.2.7 Roller tappet assembly

This document is the procedure to check the good fitting of the in-
let and exhaust roller tappets.

14.2.7.1 Mounting instruction

1 Clean the different parts.
2 Write a line with an indelible pen, on the end of the axle, par-
allel with the axis of the positioning pin hole.

Fig. 14-04

Note : This mark is made to perform the good indexing of the pin (item 6)
into the housing (item 7), fig.14-05.

3 Smear the axle (item1) with Vaseline, reference MGE000074.

4 Grease the bronze bushing (item 2).
5 Put the bronze bushing in the roller (item 3).
6 Put the roller with the bronze bushing in the roller tappet
housing (item 4).
7 Put the spring (item5) in the positioning axle hole (item 8).
8 Put the pin (item 6).
9 Maintain the spring (item 5) under pressure by pushing the
pin (item6).
10 Fit the axle through the roller tappet housing according to
by keeping the axis, written with the indelible pen, vertically.

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 14. Valve Mechanism and camshaft W220

11 Check that the pin is correctly in the housing pin hole (item 7,
see following figure) :
4

1
8

5
7

Fig. 14-05

14.2.7.2 Checking procedure of the axle indexing

Fig. 14-06

a) Visual checking :
· Check that the axle is blocked in translation.
· Check that the mark written with the indelible pen is verti-
cal.
If not, dismantle and mount again the part. For that, push
the positioning pin means of a nail and push the axle out
of the roller tappet housing.

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 W220 Valve Mechanism and camshaft 14.

b) Measurement :
Means of a depth caliper, measure the dimension A corresponding
to the depth of the pin (see following figure) :

Fig. 14-07

Note : The dimension A must be less than 5 mm. That proves that the pin is
in the correct position.
If the dimension A is more than 5 mm, reperform the assembling.

14.3 Camshaft bushes

14.3.1 Camshaft bushes - inspection
When the camshaft is removed, the bush bores can be measured
using a ball-tip micrometer without removing the bushes. The limit of
wear is given in Chapter 06. If it is reached or exceeded for one bush,
change all of them. A special tool with a hydraulic extractor cylinder,
(extractor SPC 8340050) is available for this job.

14.3.2 Anti-friction bushes - removal

1 Fit the extractor.
2 Tighten the hydraulic tool SPC 8370005 by exerting traction
on the screw SPC 8360010.
3 Connect the hydraulic pump flexible lines to the tool, see
Chapter 07.
4 Extract the bush. If it does not come out, tap the end flange
lightly.
5 Open the pump valve, disconnect the lines and remove
the tool.

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 14. Valve Mechanism and camshaft W220

14.3.3 Bushes - refitting

This is a very skilled job. It is recommended to contact your Wärtsilä
network representative. The camshaft bushes are fitted by using
liquid nitrogen. Bushes must be refitted with regard to the markings
made at the time of removal.

Note : Check that the lubricating hole in the engine block matches up with
the lubricating hole in the bush.

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