JAVASERVER PAGES

Instructor: CUONGPNB1

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Learning Goals

Know about
Java Server
Pages (JSP)
Can use JSP
to build Web
application

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Table of contents
◊ JSP Introduction
◊ JSP Scripting Element
◊ Implicit Objects
◊ Q&A

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 Section 1

JSP INTRODUCTION

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JSP Introduction (1/2)
 What is JSP?
 JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a technology for developing web pages that
support dynamic content which helps developers insert java code in
HTML.
 As an extension of Servlet technology
 JSPs are essential an HTML page with special JSP tags embedded.
 All JSP programs are stored as a .jsp files
HTML page JSP page

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JSP Introduction (2/2)
 Servlet:
 Java Servlets are programs that run on a Web server and act as a middle
layer between a request coming from a Web browser and databases on
the HTTP server.

 JSP vs Servlet:

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Architecture of a JSP Application
 JSP plays a key role and it is responsible for of processing the
request made by client.
 Client (Web browser) makes a request
 JSP then creates a bean object which then fulfills the request and pass
the response to JSP
 JSP then sends the response back to client

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JSP Process
Steps required for a JSP request:
1. The user goes to web side made using JSP. The web browser makes the request via
the Internet.
2. The JSP request gets sent to the Web server.
3. The Web server recognizes that the file required is special (.jsp), therefore passes the JSP file
to the JSP servlet engine.
4. If the JSP file has been called the first time, the JSP file is parsed, otherwise goto step 7.
5. The next step is to generate a special Servlet from the JSP file. All the HTML required is
converted to println statements.
6. The Servlet source code is compiled into a class.
7. The servlet is instantiated, calling the init and service methods.
8. HTML from the Servlet output is sent via the Internet.
9. HTML results are displayed on the user's web browser.

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Example
First Example

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Practical time
1. Create Dynamic Web Project:

2. Create jsp page in WebContent

folder

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Practical time
Create a simple jsp page:

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Practical time
3. Setup tomcat server:
 Download and unzip Apache Tomcat .
 Open Window | Preferences | Server | Installed Runtimes to create a Tomcat
installed runtime.
 Click on Add... to open the New Server Runtime dialog, then select your runtime
under Apache
4. Run your code

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 Section 2

JSP SCRIPTING ELEMENT

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Scriptlet
 Scriptlet (<% ... %>) - also called “Scripting Elements”
 Enable programmers to insert Java code in JSPs
 Performs request processing
 For example, to print a variable:

Code snippet
<%
String username = "alliant";
out.println(username);
%>

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JSP Tags
 Declaration tag (<%! %>)
 Allow the developer to declare variables or methods.
Code snippet
<%!
private int counter = 0;
private String getAccount(int accountNo);
%>
 Expression tag (<%= %>)
 Allow the developer to embed any Java expression and is
short for out.println()
Code snippet
<%!
<%=new java.util.Date()%>
%>

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Directive tags (1/3)
 Directive[chỉ thị] (<%@ directive... %>
 Give special information about the page to the JSP
container.
 Enable programmers to specify:
 Page settings (page directive):
Ex:<%@page import="java.sql.Statement"%>

 Content to include from other resources (Include directive).

Ex:<%@include file="Connection.jsp"%>

 Tag libraries to be used in the page (Tag library).

Ex:<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>

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Directive tags (2/3)
 Content to include from other resources (Include directive).

Code snippet
<%@page import="java.util.Date"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Directive tag</title>
</head>
<body>
<%@include file="Header.jsp"%>

<hr />
<h2>This is main content</h2>
<h4 style="color: red"><%=new Date()%></h4>
<hr />

<%@include file="Footer.jsp"%>
</body>
</html>

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Directive tags (3/3)
 Tag libraries to be used in the page (Tag library).
 Add jstl lib

 Defining core tags:

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>

Code snippet
<h3 align="left">TRAINEE FULL INFORMATION</h3>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Id</th>
<th>Trainee Name</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
<!-- traineeData: a list of trainee -->
<c:forEach items="${traineeData}" var="trainee">
<tr>
<td>${trainee.getId()}</td>
<td>${trainee.getName()}</td>
<td>${trainee.getSalary()}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
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Action tags (1/2)
 Action (<%action... %>
 JSP Actions lets you perform some action.
 Provide access to common tasks performed in a JSP:
• Including content from other resources.
• Forwarding the user to another page.
• Interacting with JavaBeans.
 Delimited by <jsp:action> and </jsp:action>.

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Action tags (2/2)
Action Description
<jsp:include> Dynamically includes another resource in a JSP. As the JSP executes,
the referenced resource is included and processed.
<jsp:forward> Forwards request processing to another JSP, servlet or static page. This
action terminates the current JSP’s execution.
<jsp:plugin> Allows a plug-in component to be added to a page in the form of a
browser-specific object or embed HTML element. In the case of a
Java applet, this action enables the downloading and installation of the
Java Plug-in, if it is not already installed on the client computer.
<jsp:param> Used with the include, forward and plugin actions to specify
additional name/value pairs of information for use by these actions.
JavaBean Manipulation
<jsp:useBean> Specifies that the JSP uses a JavaBean instance. This action specifies
the scope of the bean and assigns it an ID that scripting components can
use to manipulate the bean.
<jsp:setProperty> Sets a property in the specified JavaBean instance. A special feature of
this action is automatic matching of request parameters to bean
properties of the same name.
<jsp:getProperty> Gets a property in the specified JavaBean instance and converts the
result to a string for output in the response.

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Include tag (1/3)
 Include action tag is used for including another resource to the
current JSP page.
 The included resource can be a static page in HTML, JSP page,
 We can also pass parameters and their values to the resource which we
are including.
 Syntax:
1) Include along with parameters.
<jsp:include page="Relative_URL_Of_Page">
<jsp:param ... />
<jsp:param ... />
…
</jsp:include>
2) Include of another resource without sharing parameters.
<jsp:include page="Relative_URL_of_Page" />

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Include tag (2/3)
Code snippet
<html>
<body>
<div class="main_wrap">
<div class="header">
<jsp:include page="Header.jsp"></jsp:include>
</div>
<div class="container">
<div class="side-bar">
<jsp:include page=“SideBar.jsp"></jsp:include>
</div>
<div class="content">
<jsp:include page=“Order.jsp"></jsp:include>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
header
</html>

side-bar

content

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Include tag (3/3)
 Directives vs Actions:
1. Directives are used during translation phase (at translate time) while actions are
used during request processing phase (at request time).
JSP Include Directive JSP Include Action

2. If the included file is changed but not the JSP which is including it then the changes
will reflect only when we use include action tag. The changes will not reflect if you
are using include.
3. Syntax difference.
4. When using include action tag we can also pass the parameters to the included page
by using param action tag but in case of include directive it’s not possible.

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Back to menu
Forward tag (1/2)
 Forwards request processing to another JSP, servlet or static
page. This action terminates the current JSP’s execution.
 Request can be forwarded with or without parameter
 Syntax:
1) Forwarding along with parameters.
<jsp:forward page="display.jsp">
<jsp:param ... />
<jsp:param ... />
…
</jsp:forward>
2) Forwarding without parameters.
<jsp:forward page="Relative_URL_of_Page" />

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Forward tag (2/2)
 Without passing parameters
<html>
<head>
<title>Forward tag</title>
</head>
<body>
<p align="center">My main JSP page</p>
<jsp:forward page="OtherPage.jsp"></jsp:forward>
</body>
</html>

 With passing parameters

<html>
<head>
<title>Forward tag</title>
</head>
<body>
<p align="center">My main JSP page</p>
<jsp:forward page="OtherPage.jsp">
<jsp:param name="name" value="Chaitanya" />
<jsp:param name="tutorialname" value="Jsp forward action" />
</jsp:forward>
</body>
</html>

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Usebean tag (1/3)
 A JavaBean is a specially constructed Java class written in the Java. JavaBeans
component design conventions govern the properties of the class and govern the
public methods that give access to the properties.
Code snippet
package ctc.fr.atjb.bean;

public class Account implements Serializable {

private String emailAddress;

private String password;

public String getEmailAddress() {

return emailAddress;
}

public void setEmailAddress(String emailAddress) {

this.emailAddress = emailAddress;
}

public String getPassword() {

return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;
}
}

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Usebean tag (2/3)
Accessing JavaBeans:
 The useBean action declares a JavaBean for use in a JSP.
 The full syntax:
<jsp: useBean id="unique_name_to_identify_bean" class="package_name.class_name" />
<jsp:setProperty name="unique_name_to_identify_bean" property="property_name" />
<jsp:getProperty name="unique_name_to_identify_bean" property="property_name" />
 Example:
<html>
<head>
<title>useBean Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<jsp:useBean id="date" class="java.util.Date" />
<p>The date/time is <%= date %>
</body>
</html>

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Usebean tag (3/3)

Code snippet
<jsp:useBean id="account" class="ctc.fr.atjb.bean.Account">
<jsp:setProperty property="emailAddress" name="account" />
<jsp:setProperty property="password" name="account" />
<h3>
Welcome,
<jsp:getProperty property="emailAddress" name="account" /><br>
</h3>
You have been successfully Logged in...
</jsp:useBean>

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 Section 3

JSP IMPLICIT OBJECTS

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Implicit Objects (1/3)
 These objects are created by JSP Engine during translation phase
(while translating JSP to Servlet)
 All the implicit objects are divided by four variable scopes:
 Application:
• Objects owned by the container application
• Any servlet or JSP can manipulate these objects
 Page:
• Objects that exist only in page in which they are defined
• Each page has its own instance of these objects
 Request:
• Objects exist for duration of client request
• Objects go out of scope when response sent to client
 Session:
• Objects exist for duration of client’s browsing Session
• Objects go out of scope when client terminates Session or when Session
timeout occurs
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Implicit Objects (2/3)
Implicit Object Description
Application Scope
application This javax.servlet.ServletContext object represents the
container in which the JSP executes.
Page Scope
config This javax.servlet.ServletConfig object represents the JSP
configuration options. As with servlets, configuration options can be
specified in a Web application descriptor.
exception This java.lang.Throwable object represents the exception that is
passed to the JSP error page. This object is available only in a JSP error
page.
out This javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter object writes text as part
of the response to a request. This object is used implicitly with JSP
expressions and actions that insert string content in a response.
page This java.lang.Object object represents the this reference for
the current JSP instance.
pageContext This javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext object hides the
implementation details of the underlying servlet and JSP container and
provides JSP programmers with access to the implicit objects discussed
in this table.
JSP implicit objects (part 1 of 2).
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Implicit Objects (3/3)
Implicit Object Description
response This object represents the response to the client. The object normally
is an instance of a class that implements HttpServletResponse
(package javax.servlet.http). If a protocol other than HTTP is
used, this object is an instance of a class that implements
javax.servlet.ServletResponse.
Request Scope
request This object represents the client request. The object normally is an
instance of a class that implements HttpServletRequest
(package javax.servlet.http). If a protocol other than HTTP is
used, this object is an instance of a subclass of
javax.servlet.ServletRequest.
Session Scope
session This javax.servlet.http.HttpSession object represents
the client session information if such a session has been created. This
object is available only in pages that participate in a session.
JSP implicit objects (part 2 of 2).

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Implicit Objects
Request

 The JSP request is an implicit object of type HttpServletRequest i.e. created

for each jsp request by the web container.
 It can be used to get request information such as:
• parameter, header information, remote address, server name, server port, content
type, character encoding etc.
 It can also be used to set, get and remove attributes from the jsp
request scope.
 Methods:
 getParameter(String name): get the value of a request’s parameter;
 getParameterNames(): It returns enumeration of all the parameter names associated to
the
request: Enumeration enum = request.getParameterNames();
 getParameterValues(String name) : It returns the array of parameter values.
String[] allpasswords = request.getParameterValues("password");
 getAttribute(String name) – Used to get the attribute
value. request.getAttribute(“admin”) would give you the value of attribute admin.
 setAttribute(String,Object) – It assigns an object’s value to the attribute.
 getCookies() – It returns an array of cookie objects received from the client.

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Implicit Objects
Request
<h3>STOCK INFORMATION</h3>
<form action="ViewStock.jsp" method="post">
<table cellspacing="5px">
<tr>
<td>Stock Code:</td>
<td><input type="text" size="20px" name="stockCode"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Stock Name:</td>
<td><input type="text" size="20px" name="stockName"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Description:</td>
<td><textarea rows="3px" cols="30" name="des"></textarea></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<input type="submit" value="Submit" style="border-radius: 10px; width: 80px">
<input type="reset" value="Clean" style="border-radius: 10px; width: 80px">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>

<!--ViewStock.jsp -->
<%
String stockCode = request.getParameter("stockCode");
String stockName = request.getParameter("stockName");
String description = request.getParameter("des");
%>
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Implicit Objects
Response

 In JSP, response is an implicit object of type HttpServletResponse.

 The instance of HttpServletResponse is created by the web container
for each jsp request.
 It can be used to add or manipulate response such as redirect response to
another resource, send error etc.
 Methods:
 void sendRedirect(String address) – It redirects the control to a new JSP
page. For e.g.
• Example: response.sendRedirect("http://beginnersbook.com");
 void addCookie(Cookie cookie) – This method adds a cookie to the
response. The below statements would add 2 Cookies Author and
Siteinfo to the response.
• Example: response.addCookie(Cookie Author); response.addCookie(Cookie Siteinfo);
 void sendError(int status_code, String message) – It is used to send
error response with a code and an error message.
• For example: response.sendError(404, "Page not found error");

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Implicit Objects
Session

 This javax.servlet.http.HttpSession object represents the client session

information if such a session has been created.
 Methods:
 setAttribute(String, object): This method is used to save an object in
session by assigning a unique string to the object.
 getAttribute(String name): The object stored by setAttribute method is
fetched from session using getAttribute method.
 removeAttribute(String name): The objects which are stored in session
can be removed from session using this method. Pass the unique string
identifier as removeAttribute’s method.
 getAttributeNames: It returns all the objects stored in session. Basically,
it results in an enumeration of objects.

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Database Connectivity
 Review:
 Provides a programming interface that is used to request a connection between the
application and database
 JDBC API executes SQL statements (in the Java code to retrieve data) and sends the
results through a single API
 Five steps to work with database:
 Load driver:
Class.forName
("com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver");
 Create Connection object
String connectionUrl ="jdbc:sqlserver:
//1FWADIEUNT1-LT:1433; databaseName=MY_DB”;
Connection con= DriverManager.getConnection(
connectionUrl, “userid”, “pwd” );
 Create Statement: Statement stat = con.createStatement() ;
 Execute Query:
ResultSet resultset = stat.executeQuery(“Select * from table_name”);
 Process Results: next() method of the ResultSet object is used to process the
results
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Center - Internal Use 37
Practical time
 Sử dụng JSP Scripting Element, JavaBean, Implicit Objects xử lý
màn hình Login và Màn hình đăng ký đã thiết kế trong bài
trước:

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Summary
◊ JSP Introduction
◊ JSP Scripting Element
◊ Implicit Objects

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 Thank you

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40
 JAVA SERVLET
PROGRAMMING
Instructor: DieuNT1

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Learning Goals

Can use
Servlet to
develop web
application
Understand
Servlet

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Table Content
◊ Introduction to Servlet
◊ Servlet API
◊ Servlet Request and Response
◊ Servlet Context
◊ Create servlet in Eclipse IDE

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 Section 1

INTRODUCTION TO SERVLET

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Servlet Overview
 Java Servlets are programs that run on a Web or Application
server and act as a middle layer between a request coming
from a Web browser or other HTTP client and databases or
applications on the HTTP server.
 Performance is significantly better.
 Servlets are platform-independent because they are written in
Java.

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Servlet Architecture
 A Servlet is a class, which implements the javax.servlet.Servlet interface.
 To write a servlet we need to implement Servlet interface.
 Servlet interface can be implemented directly or indirectly by
extending GenericServlet or HttpServlet class.
 Purpose of extending the HttpServlet class is to provide the HTTP
specific services to your servlet.

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Servlet Architecture

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Servlet Application works
 Web container is responsible for managing execution of
servlets and JSP pages or Java EE application:
 User sends request for a servlet by clicking a link that has URL to a
servlet.
 The container finds the servlet using deployment descriptor and creates
two objects:
• HttpServletRequest
• HttpServletResponse

1 2

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Servlet Application works
 Then the container calls the Servlet's service() method and passes the
request, response objects as arguments.
 The service() method, then decides which servlet method, doGet() or
doPost() to call.
3 4

 Then the Servlet uses response object to write the response back to the
client. 5 6

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Servlet Life Cycle
 A servlet life cycle can be defined as the entire process from its creation till
the destruction.
 The following are the paths followed by a servlet:
 The servlet is initialized by calling the init () method.
 The servlet calls service() method to process a client's request.
 The servlet is terminated by calling the destroy() method.
 Finally, servlet is garbage collected by the garbage collector of the JVM.

Servlet container provides the execution The Web container manages a servlet by
environment for Servlet. invoking various life cycle methods.
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 Section 2

SERVLET API

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HttpServlet Class
 The HttpServlet class extends the GenericServlet class and implements
Serializable interface.
 It provides http specific methods such as doGet, doPost, doHead, doTrace etc.
 Method doGet responds to get requests
 Retrieve the content of a URL.
 Method doPost responds to post requests
 Post data from an HTML form to a server-side form handler.
 Browsers cache Web pages.
 HttpServletRequest and HttpServletResponse objects
 Created by the servlet container and passed as an argument to the servlet's
service methods (doGet, doPost, etc.)
 HttpServletRequest object contains request from the client,
 HttpServletResponse object provides HTTP-specific functionality in sending a
response (access HTTP headers, cookies, etc.)

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HttpServlet Class
 public void service(ServletRequest req,ServletResponse res):
 dispatches the request to the protected service method by converting
the request and response object into http type.
 protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res):
 receives the request from the service method, and dispatches the
request to the doXXX() method depending on the incoming http request
type.
 protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res):
 handles the GET request. It is invoked by the web container.
 protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res):
 handles the POST request. It is invoked by the web container.
 protected void doHead(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
 handles the HEAD request. It is invoked by the web container.
 protected void doOptions(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse
res)
 handles the OPTIONS request. It is invoked by the web container.
 protected void doPut(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
 handles the PUT request. It is invoked by the web container.

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HttpServlet Class
 protected void doTrace(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res):
 handles the TRACE request. It is invoked by the web container.

 protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse

res)
 handles the DELETE request. It is invoked by the web container.

 protected long getLastModified(HttpServletRequest req)

 returns the time when HttpServletRequest was last modified since midnight January 1,
1970 GMT.

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 Section 3

SERVLET REQUEST AND RESPONSE

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HttpServletRequest
 HttpServletRequest interface adds the methods that relates to
the HTTP protocol.
 Methods (extension/addition method)

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HttpServletResponse
 HttpServletResponse interface adds the methods that relates
to the HTTP response.
 Methods (extension/addition method)

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RequestDispatcher
 RequestDispatcher is an interface, implementation of which
defines an object which can dispatch request to any
resources(such as HTML, Image, JSP, Servlet) on the server.
 Methods:

 Example:

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RequestDispatcher
redirection vs request dispatching
 The main difference between a redirection and a request
dispatching:
 redirection makes the client(browser) create a new request to get to the
resource, the user can see the new URL;
 request dispatch get the resource in same request and URL does not
changes.

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ServletContext
 An object of ServletContext is created by the web container at time of
deploying the project. This object can be used to get configuration
information from web.xml file.
 Servlet Context has 3 main methods:
 GetAttribute ()
 SetAttribute ()
 RemoveAttribute ()
 Servlet Context help provides communication between the servlet
 Servlet Context can also be used to obtain configuration information
web.xml.

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ServletContext Example

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Servlet Context
Sample

 We can change the init() method of the SurveyServlet as below:

 Then we need to amend the web.xml file to specify the initial

context parameters:

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 Section 4

CREATE SERVLET IN ECLIPSE IDE

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Steps to create Servlet using Eclipse IDE
 Create a Dynamic Web Project, give a name to your project (Ex: SMS_P1)
1

A directory structure of your

Project will be automatically
created by Eclipse IDE.
©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 24
Steps to create Servlet using Eclipse IDE
Create a Servlet class by extends HttpServlet.

Add servlet-api.jar JAR

file to your project

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 25

Handling HTTP get Requests
 Create a Servlet (WelcomeServlet.java):

Import the javax.servlet and javax.servlet.http packages.

Extends HttpServlet to handle HTTP get requests and HTTP

post requests.
doGet
Override method doGet to provide custom get request
processing.

Uses the response object’s setContentType method to specify

the content type of the data to be sent as the response to the
client.

Uses the response object’s getWriter method to obtain a

reference to the PrintWriter object that enables the servlet to
send content to the client.

Create the XHTML document by writing strings with the out

object’s println method.

Closes the output stream, flushes the output buffer and sends the
©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use information to the client. 26
 Create Deployement Descriptor
1 <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
Deployment
2 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.2//EN"
3 "http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_2.dtd"> descriptor
4 Element web-app defines the configuration of (web.xml) for
5 <web-app>
each servlet in the Web application and the servlet the Web
6
7 <!-- General description
mapping for each servlet.
of your Web application --> application.
8 <display-name>
Element display-name specifies a name
9 Sample
10 Servlet Examples
that can be displayed to the administrator
11 </display-name> of the server on which the Web
12 application is installed.
13 <description>
Element description specifies a
14 This is the Web application in which we
15 demonstrate our JSP and Servlet examples.
description of the Web application that
16 </description> might be displayed to the administrator of
17 the server.
18 <!-- Servlet definitions -->
19 <servlet> Element servlet describes a servlet. Element servlet-name is the
20 <servlet-name>welcome</servlet-name>
name for the servlet.
21
22 <description> Element description
23 A simple servlet that handles an HTTP get request. specifies a description for this
24 </description>
particular servlet.
25
26 <servlet-class> Element servlet-class specifies
27 atjb.day3.WelcomeServlet compiled servlet’s fully
28 </servlet-class> qualified class name.
29 </servlet>
30

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 27

 Create Deployement Descriptor
31 <!-- Servlet mappings -->
32 <servlet-mapping>
33 <servlet-name>welcome</servlet-name>
Element servlet-mapping
34 <url-pattern>/welcomeServlet</url-pattern>
specifies servlet-name and url-
pattern elements.
35 </servlet-mapping>
36
37 </web-app>

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 28

Handling HTTP get Requests
 Jsp page in which the form’s action invokes WelcomeServlet through the
alias welcome specified in web.xml.
 Example: Welcome.jsp

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 29

Handling HTTP post Requests
 HTTP post request
 Post data from an HTML form to a server-side form handler
 Browsers cache Web pages
 Practices time:
 Let’s try to see differences between HTTP post and HTTP get requests
 Use HTTPServletRequest’s getParameter method() to get param value

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 30

Practices time
 Handling HTTP post Requests sample:
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/WelcomeServlet?"
method="post">

User Login

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 31

Summary
Introduction to Servlet
Servlet API
Servlet Request and Response
Servlet Context
Create servlet in Eclipse IDE

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 32

 Thank you

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 33

33
 MVC AND JSP MODELS

Instructor:

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 1

Table Content
What Is a MVC?
Web Application MVC Pattern
 Model
 View
 Controller

JSP Model 1, 2

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 2

Learning Goals
After the course, attendees will be able to:
Understand MVC - JSP Models
Can use MVC – JSP Models to build Project

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 3

What Is a MVC?
MVC stands for Model / View / Controller.
 A software pattern where logic is separated from the model
and view in order to provide for better reuse possibilities.
 A software pattern recognized in the early days of small talk.
 MVC Architecture

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 4

Web Application MVC Pattern

1 Controller Model:
(Servlet) – Information is provided in
2 objects or beans
View:
Model
(Beans) – The JSP provide the view
3 Controller:
View 4 – Servlet provides control
View logic and becomes the
View
5 (JSPs)View
(JSPs) controller
View
(JSPs)
(JSPs)
(JSP)

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 5

MVC - Model
The model is responsible for managing the data of the
application.
 Manages Information - If Changes
 Maps Real-World Entities
Contains data and Related Functionality
Performing DB Queries
 Calculating Business Process
Encapsulates Domain Logic which are independent of
Presentation

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 6

MVC - View
Obtains data from model & presents to the user
Represents Output/Input of the application
Display results of Business Logic
Free Access to Model
Reads Data from Model – Using Query Methods

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 7

MVC - Controller
Serves logical connection between user’s interaction
and the business process
It receives and translates input to request on model or
view
Input from user and instructs[chỉ thị] the model and view
to perform action
Responsible for making decision among multiple
presentation
Maps the end-user action to the application response

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 8

Relationship between Components
View and Controller
 Controller is responsible for creating or selecting view
Model and Controller
 Controller depends on model
 If a change is made to the model then there might be
required to make parallel changes in the Controller
Model and View
 View depends on Model
 If a change is made to the model then there might be
required to make parallel changes in the view

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 9

Logical Layers in Web Application

public class DbBean{

public string userName { get; set; }
public string password { get; set; } Model
…
}

<form method="post" action="Login">

<input type="text" name="txtUserName"></td>
<input type="text" name="txtUserName"></td>
… View
<td>${u.userName} </td>
<td>${u.userPassword} </td>

protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {
String userName = request.getParameter("txtUserName");
Contr
String userPassword = request.getParameter("txtPassword");
User u = new User(); oller
UserBO ubo = new UserBO();
u.setUserName(userName);
u.setUserPassword(userPassword);…

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use

• 10
MVC Collaboration Diagram

Controller
1: Post 2: Retrieve Data
Browser Servlet Data
Resource
3: Establish
bean state,
then place in
4: redirect to session or
appropriate view request
object

5: Access beans
JSP Beans

The View The Model

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 11

Java 2 Web Applications
Java 2 web application options:
Servlets
 Great for Java people
 Difficult to manage graphical changes in HTML layout.
JSP
 Great for web developers
 Seductive tendency to write logic in the JSP page.

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 12

JSP Model
 Web applications where JSP pages are used for every aspect of
the development.

Option 1 Option 2

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 13

JSP Model 1
 A request is made to a JSP or servlet
 The JSP or servlet handles all responsibilities for the request
 processing,
 validating data,
 handling the business logic,
 and generating a response

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 14

JSP Model 1 Observation
The Good
JSP1 JSP3
 Easiest Solution
The Bad JSP2 JSP4
 Presentation and Logic are mixed.
The Ugly
Presentation Logic
 No reuse possibilities
Ctrl Presentation
Presentation Logic
Ctrl Present.
Present. Logic

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 15

JSP Model 1 Observation (cont.)
Advantages
 Lightweight design – for small, static application
 Suitable for small applications having very simple page flow,
little need for centralized security control and logging.
• Limitations
 Navigation Problem – to change name of JSP file have to
change in many location
 Applications are difficult to modify – large Java code being
embedded in JSP page
 Not suitable for large and complex applications

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 16

JSP Model 2
 Web applications where JSP pages are used for the GUI aspect
of the web development
 The logic of the application is placed in the servlets it posts to.

DAO

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 17

JSP Model 2
 Model 2 separates the display of content from the logic used to
obtain and manipulate the content.
 Advantages:
 Easier to build, maintain and extend: Suitable for large and complex
applications.
 Single point of control (Servlet) for security and logging.
 Limitations: Increase Design Complexity

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 18

JSP Model 2 – Observation
 The Good
 Reuse opportunities: Other application may be able to use the same code.
The Bad
 There is no longer a one to one mapping from a view to a single source
of code.
 The Ugly Logic Control
 Takes more forethought.

JSP1 JSP3

JSP2

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 19

Summary
What Is a MVC?
Web Application MVC Pattern
 Model
 View
 Controller

JSP Model 1, 2

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 20

 Thank you

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 21

21
 JSP/SERVLET ADVANCED
Instructor: DieuNT1

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 1

Learning Goals

Can use
Servlet to
develop web
application
Understand
Servlet

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 2

Table Content
◊ Exception Handling
◊ JSP/ Servlet Session Tracking
◊ Servlet FILTER
◊ Q&A

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 3

 Section 1

EXCEPTION HANDLING

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 4

Exception Handling
• Exceptions are errors that can occur in a JSP page.
• isErrorPage attribute of page directive[chỉ thị] is used to
construct an error page.
• This attribute is used with the page directive at the beginning
of the JSP page.
 Value of this attribute is either true or false.
• If you want to handle the exceptions that occurs on the
execution of the JSP page you may use the page directive
attribute isErrorPage="true“.
• Syntax :
<%@ page isErrorPage=“true” %>

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 5

Exception Handling
• The JSP page traps and handles request time errors.
• Unhandled exceptions are forwarded to the error page
• Syntax:
<%@ page errorPage=“errorpage.jsp” %>

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 6

Exception Handling
 Translation time
 Occurs when the JSP source file is converted to servlets class file. The
JSP engine handles translation time errors.
 This translation can happen:
• After the JSP has been deployed into the JSP container and before the client requests
the JSP.
• When the client requests a JSP.

 In the first case, error processing is implementation-dependent,

and the JSP specification does not cover this.

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 7

Exception Handling
 Request time:
 Occurs during the processing of the request. Request time errors are
the runtime errors that throw exceptions.

Code snippet
<%@ page isErrorPage="true"%> Makes JSP page an error handler
<html>
<head>
<title>Error Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>Due to following reasons an error has occurred</h3>
<ul>
<li><%=exception.getClass()%></li> Returns error message
<li><%=exception.getMessage()%></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

ErrorPage.jsp
©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 8
Exception Handling
Code snippet
<%@ page errorPage="ErrorPage.jsp"%> Forwards the unhandled exception to errorpage.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Form</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<table>
<tr>
<td>Enter a number :</td>
<td><input type="text" name="number" /></td>
<td><input type="submit" value="Submit" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<%
String num = request.getParameter("number");
if (num != null) {
String number = num.trim();
int no = Integer.parseInt(number);
int value = 100 / no; Code occurs error
}
%>
</body>
</html>

ExceptionHandlingPage.jsp: to transfer control to the error page

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 9

 Section 2

SESSION TRACKING

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 10

Introduction
 HTTP protocol and Web Servers are stateless, what it means is that for web
server every request is a new request to process.
 But sometimes in web applications, we should know who the client is and process the
request accordingly[phù hợp].

 Session Management is a mechanism used by the Web container to store

session information for a particular user:
 Cookies
 Hidden form field
 URL Rewriting
 HttpSession

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 11

Session Tracking
Cookies

 Advantages
 Remember user IDs and password.
 To track visitors on a Web site for better service and new features.
 Cookies enable efficient ad processing.

 Disadvantages
 The size and number of cookies stored are limited.
 Personal information is exposed to the other users.
 Cookies fails to work if the security level is set too high in the Internet
browser.
 Servlet CookieServlet
 Handles both get and post requests

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 12

Session Tracking
HttpSession

 The servlet API has a built-in support for session tracking.

 Session objects live on the server.
 Each user has associated an HttpSession object—one user/session
 HttpSession object operates like a hashtable

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 13

Using Session Object
To get a user's existing or new session object:
 HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
 "true" means the server should create a new session object
if necessary
To store or retrieve an object in the session:
 Stores values: setAttribute("cartItem", cart);
 Retrieves values: getAttribute("cartItem");

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 14

Session Tracking
HttpSession

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 15

Session Tracking
URL Rewriting

 Append a token or identifier to the URL. We can send parameter

name/value pairs using the following format:
url?name1=value1&name2=value2&
 When the user clicks the hyperlink, the parameter name/value pairs will be
passed to the server. We can use getParameter() method to obtain a
parameter value.
 Advantage of URL Rewriting
 It will always work whether cookie is disabled or not (browser independent).
 Extra form submission is not required on each pages.
 Disadvantage of URL Rewriting
 It will work only with links.
 It can send Only textual information.

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 16

Session Tracking
URL Rewriting

The session ID is encoded in the URLs that are created by the JSP pages
<b>Search results for books</b>
<form method="post" action="serverprogram.jsp"> URL of server side program
// Provides check box for different products
<input type="checkbox" name="productID" value="100">
CD MP3 Converter Kit For Your CAR<br>
<input type="checkbox“ name="productID" value="101">
Front Loading Car MP3/CD Player With Anti Shock Memory and FM<br>
<input type="checkbox“ name="productID" value="102">
CAR/Home DVD/VCD/MP3 Playerwith anti shock for Indian Roads<br>
// Submits the user input to URL
<input type="submit“ name="Submit" value="Add to Cart"><br>
</form>

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 17

Session Tracking
URL Rewriting

// URL for server side program after the user selects a product
// and goes to another page
<form method="post" action="serverprogram.jsp?productID=102">
// Provides check box for different products
<input type="checkbox" name="productID" value="150">
DVD Player with built in Amplifier <br>
<input type="checkbox" name="productID" value="160">
Ultra Slim DVD Player Multi Region 5.1 Digital<br>
// Submits input to the URL
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Add to Cart"> <br>
</form>

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 18

Session Tracking
Hidden Form Fields

 We store the information in the hidden field and get it from

another servlet.
 This approach is better if we have to submit form in all the
pages and we don't want to depend on the browser.
<input type="hidden" name="uname" value="Vimal Jaiswal">
 Advantage of Hidden Form Field
 It will always work whether cookie is disabled or not.
 Disadvantage of Hidden Form Field:
 It is maintained at server side.
 Extra form submission is required on each pages.
 Only textual information can be used.
 When the user visits the next page, the server
side program reads all the parameters that a
user passes in the previous form
©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 19
Session Tracking
Hidden Form Fields

<b>Search results for books</b>

<form method="post" action="serverprogram.jsp">
// Hidden input field
<input type="hidden" name="productID" value="100">
// Provides check box for user input
<input type="checkbox" name="productID" value="150">
DVD Player with Built in Amplifier <br>
<input type="checkbox" name="productID“ value="160">
Ultra Slim DVD Player Multi Region 5.1 Digital<br>
// Submits user input to the server side program
<input type="submit" name="Submit" value="Add to Cart"><br>
</form>

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 20

 Section 3

SERVLET FILTER

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 21

Introduction to Filter API
 Filters are compontents that you can use and configure to
perform some filtering tasks.
 Filter is used for pre-processing of requests and post-processing of
responses.

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 22

Introduction to Filter API (2/2)
 For creating a filter, we must implement Filter interface. Filter
interface gives the following life cycle methods for a filter:
 void init(FilterConfig filterConfig): invoked by the web container to
indicate to a filter that it is being placed into service.
 void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain): invoked by the container each time a
request/response pair is passed through the chain due to a client
request for a resource at the end of the chain.
 void destroy(): invoked by the web container to indicate to a filter that it
is being taken out of service.

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 23

Deployment Descriptor

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 24

Practical time
In this example we are using Filter to authenticate:

LoginServlet

user_login.jsp AppFilter

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 25

Summary
Introduction to Servlet
Servlet API
Servlet Request and Response
Servlet Context
Create servlet in Eclipse IDE
Servlet FILTER

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 26

 Thank you

©FPT SOFTWARE - Corporate Training Center - Internal Use 27

27
 SPRING FRAMEWORK
Instructor: DieuNT1

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 1

Table Content

1 • Overview of the Spring Framework

2 • Spring IoC

3 • Spring Bean

4 • Dependency Injection

5 • SpEL

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 2

Learning Goals
 After the course, attendees will be able to:

Understand Spring Framework and its core technologies.

Know how to write a Web application with Spring Framework.

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 3

 Section 1

OVERVIEW OF THE SPRING FRAMEWORK

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 4

Introduction (1/2)
 The Spring Framework is a Java platform that provides
comprehensive infrastructure support for developing Java
applications.
 Spring framework is one of the most popular application
development frameworks used by java developers.

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 5

Introduction (2/2)
It consists of a large number of modules providing a
range of services:
 Core Container;  AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming);
 Data Access/Integration;  Instrumentation;
 Web;  Messaging;
 Test.

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 6

Modules (1/3)
 Data Access/Integration
 JDBC module provides a JDBC-abstraction layer
 ORM (object-relational mapping APIs): integrate with JPA, JDO,
Hibernate, and iBatis.
 OXM (Object/XML mapping) implemente for JAXB, Castor, XMLBeans,
JiBX and XStream.
 JMS (Java messaging service): producing and consuming messages.
 Transaction: supports programmatic and declarative transaction
management.

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 7

Modules (2/3)
 Web
 Web: Support some features in web application such as : file upload, file
download
 Web-Servlet: contains Spring's model-view-controller (MVC)
implementation for web applications
 Web-Struts: contains the support classes for integrating a classic Struts
web tier (struts 1 or struts 2) within a Spring application
 Web-Portlet module provides the MVC implementation to be used in a
portlet environment and mirrors the functionality of Web-Servlet
module.

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 8

Modules (3/3)
 AOP and Instrument
 Spring's AOP module provides an AOP Alliance-compliant aspect-oriented
programming implementation allowing you to define
 Aspects module provides integration with AspectJ.
 Instrumentation module provides class instrumentation support and
classloader implementations to be used in certain application servers.
 Test
 The Test module supports the testing of Spring components with JUnit or
TestNG

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 9

History of Spring Framework
 In October 2002 by Rod Johnson;
 He proposed a simpler solution based on
ordinary java classes (POJO – plain old java
objects) and dependency injection (DI or IoC).
 In June 2003, spring 0.9 was released
under Apache 2.0 license;

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 10

 Section 2

SPRING IOC

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 11

What is Spring Inversion of Control(IoC )?
 Let’s first understand the issue, consider the following class:
package com.fsoft.bean;

public class Employee {

private int empId;
private String empName;
private String address;

public Employee() {
}

public Employee(int empId, String empName, String address) {

this.empId = empId;
this.empName = empName;
this.address = address;
}

//getter-setter methods
}

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Spring IoC
 Standard code that without IoC
package com.fsoft.bean;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee employee = new Employee();
employee.setEmpId(1);
employee.setEmpName("John Watson");
employee.setAddress("New York");
System.out.println("Employee details: " + employee);
}
}
Employee
-----
- empId Client
- empName -----
- address + main()
------
+ getter
+ setter

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 13

Spring IoC
 With IoC
 You don’t create objects. Using Bean Configuration File;
 Create an application context where we used framework
API ClassPathXmlApplicationContext().
 This API loads beans configuration file and based on the provided API, it
will create and initialize all the objects.

Employee
-----
- empId Client
- empName -----
- address Container + main()
------
+ getter
+ setter

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 14

Spring IoC Demo
 Start Coding in 5 Simple Steps

Load jar files

Bean Class

XML file

Demo Class

Run

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 15

Required Maven Dependency
 Add maven dependency in pom.xml file.
<project ...> <!-- Spring Framework -->
<properties> <dependency>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
</project.build.sourceEncoding> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<spring.version>4.3.10.RELEASE</spring.version> <version>${spring.version}</version>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version> </dependency>
<servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version> <dependency>
</properties> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<dependencies> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<!-- Junit --> <version>${spring.version}</version>
<dependency> </dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId> <dependency>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<version>${junit.version}</version> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope> <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency> </dependency>
<!--Servlet-Api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet.version}</version>
</dependency>

09e-BM/DT/FSOFT - ©FPT SOFTWARE – Fresher Academy - Internal Use 16

Required Maven Dependency
 Add maven dependency in pom.xml file.
<!-- Spring JDBC (if need) -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MS SQL Server (if need) -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
<artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>6.1.0.jre7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>FRESHERACADEMY</finalName>
</build>
</project>

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Spring IoC Demo
 Create Java Project and Load jar files

Load jar files

Bean Class

XML file

Demo Class

Run

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Spring IoC Demo
 Create Bean Configuration File
package com.fsoft.bean;
Load jar files
public class Employee {
private int empId;
Bean Class private String empName;
private String address;
XML file public Employee() {
}
Demo Class public Employee(int empId, String empName, String address) {
this.empId = empId;
this.empName = empName;
Run this.address = address;
}

//getter-setter
}

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Spring IoC Demo
 Create Bean Configuration File
Load jar files

Bean Class

XML file

Demo Class

Run

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Spring IoC Demo
 Create Source Files
package com.fsoft.bean;
Load jar files
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Bean Class
ApplicationContext context = new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("employeeBean.xml");
XML file
Employee emp1 = (Employee) context.getBean("emp1");
Employee emp2= (Employee) context.getBean("emp2");
Demo Class
System.out.println("Employee details: " + emp1);
System.out.println("Employee details: " + emp2);
Run }
}

Result
Initial!
Employee details: Employee [empId=1, empName=Jack, address=Eastern Shores]
Employee details: Employee [empId=2, empName=Jennie, address=Shouthern Shores]
Destroy!

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IOC Container Features
IoC

The Spring IoC container by using Java POJO

classes and configuration metadata
procedures a fully configured and executable
system or application.

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Types Of IoC Container

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 Section 3

SPRING BEAN

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Bean Object

Beans are the objects that form the backbone of our

application and are managed by the Spring IoC container.

Spring IoC container instantiates, assembles, and

manages the bean object.

The configuration metadata that are supplied to the

container are used create Beans object.

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Some Bean Properties
Property Explain
class This attribute is mandatory and specify the bean class to be used to
create the bean.
name This attribute specifies the bean identifier uniquely. In XML-based
configuration metadata, you use the id and/or name attributes to
specify the bean identifier(s).
scope This attribute specifies the scope of the objects created from a
particular bean definition.
constructor-arg This is used to inject the dependencies and will be discussed in
subsequent chapters.
properties Define properties of class.

autowire mode Set autowire for bean.

lazy-initialization A lazy-initialized bean tells the IoC container to create a bean

mode instance when it is first requested, rather than at startup.

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class property
package com.fsoft.bean;
public class Address {
private String city;
private String street;

public Address() {

public Address(String city, String street) {

this.city = city;
this.street = street;
}

// getter-setter methods
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<bean id="addr" class="com.fsoft.bean.Address">

<property name="city" value="Hanoi" />
<property name="street" value="Duytan" />
</bean>
</beans>
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scope property
Scope Explain
singleton (Default) Scopes a single bean definition to a single object
instance per Spring IoC container.

prototype Scopes a single bean definition to any number of object

instances.

request Scopes a single bean definition to the lifecycle of a single HTTP

request; that is, each HTTP request has its own instance of a bean
created off the back of a single bean definition.
session Scopes a single bean definition to the lifecycle ofcan HTTP
Session. Only valid in the context of acweb-aware Spring
ApplicationContext.

global session Scopes a single bean definition to the lifecycle of a global HTTP
Session. Typically only valid when used in a portlet context. Only
valid in the context of a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext.

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scope property
Scope “singleton”

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scope property
Scope “prototype”

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 Section 4

SPRING DI

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Dependency Injection (DI)

It is a design pattern which removes the dependency from the

programming code, that makes the Application easy to manage and test.

Dependency Injection makes our programming code loosely coupled, which

means change in implementation doesn't affects the use.

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Spring DI
 Consider you have an application which has a employee
component and you want to identify a their address.
 Your standard code would look something like this:
public class Employee {

private int empId;

private String empName;
private Address address; // HAS-A relationship
/*private String address;*/

public Employee() {
this.empId = 0;
this.empName = "N/A";
this.address = new Address();
}
}

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Spring DI
 Let's create a dependency between the Employee and the Address.
 In an IoC scenario, we would instead do something like this:
public class Employee {

private int empId;

private String empName;
private Address address; // HAS-A relationship

public Employee(Address address) {

super();
this.address = address;
}

public void setAddress(Address address) {

this.address = address;
}
}

 We can inject the dependancies using the setter or constructor injection.

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Type of Dependency Injection

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Spring DI Demo
 By Constructor
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="addr" class="com.fsoft.bean.di.Address">
<property name="city" value="Hanoi" />
<property name="street" value="Duytan" />
</bean>

<bean id="emp3" class="com.fsoft.bean.di.Employee">

<property name="empId" value="3"/>
<property name="empName" value="My"/>
<property name=" address " ref="addr">/> <--setter-->

<constructor-arg name="address" ref="addr“ />

</bean>
</beans>
Using <constructor-arg> subelement to
initialize instance variables

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Spring DI Demo
 By Setter
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="addr" class="com.fsoft.bean.di.Address">
<property name="city" value="Hanoi" />
<property name="street" value="Duytan" />
</bean>

<bean id="emp4" class="com.fsoft.bean.di.Employee">

<property name="empId" value="4"/>
<property name="empName" value="My"/>
<property name="address" ref="addr“ />
</bean>
</beans>

Using <property> subelement to initialize

instance variables

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Spring IOC and DI
Ways of implement IOC

IOC

DI

Interface Service
Constructor Setter/Getter
Implementation Locator

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 Section 5

SpEL

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Spring EL
 The Spring Expression Language (SpEL for short) is a powerful
expression language that supports querying and manipulating
an object graph at runtime.
The Spring EL is similar with OGNL and JSF EL, and
evaluated or executed during the bean creation time.
All Spring expressions are available via XML or
annotation.

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SpEL in XML based configuration
 The SpEL are enclosed with #{ SpEL expression }:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="addr" class="com.fsoft.bean.di.Address">
<property name="city" value="Hanoi" />
<property name="street" value="Duytan" />
</bean>
<bean id="employee" class="com.fsoft.bean.di.Employee">
<property name="empId" value="12"/>
<property name="empName" value="My"/>
<property name="address" value="#{addr}"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

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SpEL in Annotation-based configuration

package com.fsoft.bean;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

@Component("addr")
public class Address {
@Value("Hanoi")
private String city;

@Value("Duytan")
private String street;

public Address() {

}
// ...
}

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Spring EL in Annotation
 To use SpEL in annotation, you must register your
component via annotation. If you register your bean in XML
and define @Value in Java class, the @Value will failed to
execute.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-
3.0.xsd" >

<context:component-scan base-package="com.fsoft.bean" />

// ...
</beans?

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SUMMAY

1 • Overview of the Spring Framework

2 • Spring IoC

3 • Spring Bean

4 • Dependency Injection

5 • SpEL

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 Thank you

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45
45
Internal Use
 SPRING WEB MVC FRAMEWORK

Instructor:

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1
Academy - Internal Use
Table Content

1 • Introduction to Spring Web MVC

2 • Spring Controller

3 • Resolving Views

4 • Spring @Autowired

5 • JdbcTemplate

6 • Spring MVC First Example

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Learning Goals
 After the course, attendees will be able to:

Understand Spring Web MVC Framework and its core

technologies.
Know how to write a Web application with Spring MVC
Framework.

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 Section 1

INTRODUCTION

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Introduction to Spring MVC

A part of the Spring Framework is Spring Web MVC, an extensible MVC

framework for creating web applications.

Support for Invesrsion of Control (or, the Dependency Injection).

Use DispatcherServlet that dispatches request to handler.

The default handler is based on the @Controller and @RequestMapping

annotations.

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An Introduction to MVC
 A Web Application developed using JSP/Servlet
Technology:

 Model : presents Data;

 View : presents UI part;
 Controller : manages the application flow, makes a call to some sort of
service producting Model and then passes on the Model to the View;

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An Introduction to MVC
 A Web Application developed using SpringMVC
framework:

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Spring MVC Processing Sequence
•Client sends HTTP Request from the web browser to server. Inside the Web or Application server, Dispatch Servlet will be
Step1 there to handle your Http request and Processed HTTP Response.

•Handler Mapping Maps incoming HTTP Requests to handlers, In spring MVC framework we use @Request
Step2 Mapping annotation to map the incoming Http Request with Model and View Object inside the controller class.

•Controller class in spring is implemented with the help of @Controller Annotation, which does model Map with data and
extracting a view name, it can also send directly as HTTP response without mapping the incoming request with model data
Step3 object.

•The Controller class has ModelAndView objectthat has the model or Data and the view name, the Controller class
executes the incoming request by calling the respective service method and returns ModelAndView Object to
Step4 DispatcherServlet.

•The DispatcherServlet will send the view name to a ViewResolver to find the original View (.jsp) page to display.
Step5

• The DispatcherServlet will then send the model object to View in order to render the
Step6 result.

• The view (.jsp) page will show the HTTP Response back to Client on the web browser.
Step7

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DispatcherServlet
 What is Spring DispatcherServlet?

is Servlet

Is designed around a central Servlet that

dispatches the request to the controller and
offers functionality that facilitates the
DispatcherServlet
development of web applications.

Is completely integrated with the Spring IoC

container and as such allows you to use every
other feature that Spring has.

 DispatcherServlet acts as front controller for Spring based web applications.

 It provides a mechanism for request processing where actual work is performed
by configurable, delegate components.
 It is inherited from javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet, it is typically configured in the
web.xml file.
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DispatcherServlet
 Configuration of DispatcherServlet in web.xml
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/views/login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

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WebApplicationContext
 Spring container creates objects and associations between objects, and manages their
complete life cycle. These container objects are called Spring-managed beans (or simply
beans), and the container is called an application context (via class ApplicationContext)
in the Spring world.
 When DispatcherServlet is loaded, it looks for the bean configuration file of
WebApplicationContext and initializes it.
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher-servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value></param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher-servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

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DispatcherServlet and WebApplicationContext

 In the Web MVC framework, each DispatcherServlet has

its own WebApplicationContext, which inherits all the
beans already defined in the root WebApplicationContext.

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spring-servlet.xml configuration file
 WebApplicationContext will automatically look for the name as spring-
servlet.xml.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

<!--General config -->

<context:component-scan
base-package="fa.training" />

<!-- Enable annotation -->

<context:annotation-config />

<!-- Enable web mvc -->

<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- Include JS or CSS files in a JSP page -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

</beans>

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 Section 2

SPRING CONTROLLER

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Implementing Controllers
Defining a controller with @Controller
 The @Controller annotation indicates that a particular class serves the role
of a controller.
 The @Controller annotation acts as a stereotype for the annotated class,
indicating its role. The dispatcher scans such annotated classes for mapped
methods and detects @RequestMapping annotations.

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Implementing Controllers
 Mapping Requests With @RequestMapping
 Use the @RequestMapping annotation to map URLs such as
/appointments onto an entire class or a particular handler method.

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Spring Controller
 @GetMapping is specialized version of @RequestMapping annotation
that acts as a shortcut for @RequestMapping(method =
RequestMethod.GET).
 @GetMapping annotated methods handle the HTTP GET requests
matched with given URI expression. e.g.

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Spring Controller
 @PostMapping is specialized version of @RequestMapping annotation
that acts as a shortcut for @RequestMapping(method =
RequestMethod.POST).
 @PostMapping annotated methods handle the HTTP POST requests
matched with given URI expression. e.g.

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 Section 3

RESOLVING VIEWS

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Resolving Views
 There are 2 interfaces that are important to the way Spring
handle views: ViewResolver and View.
 The ViewResolver provides a mapping between view names and
actual views.
 The View interface addresses the preparation of the request and
hands the request over to one of the view technologies.

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Resolving Views
 Resolving views with the ViewResolver interface:
 Spring Web MVC controllers resolves logical view name either
explicitly (e.g., by returning a String, View, or ModelAndView) or
implicitly (i.e., based on conventions).
 In Spring, 'logical view name' represents Views and it is resolved by
a view resolver.
 Resolving views with the ViewResolver interface:
ViewResolver Description

AbstractCachingViewResolver This view resolver caches views.

XmlViewResolver This view resolver uses configuration file written in XML for
view resolution.

ResourceBundleViewResolver This view resolver use ResourceBundle, represented by bundle

base name, to resolve view. Generally bundle is defined in a
properties file, situated in the classpath.

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Resolving Views
ViewResolver Description

UrlBaseViewResolver This view resolver uses “logical view name” returned to find
actual view.

InternalResourceViewResolver This view resolver is the subclass of UrlBasedViewResolver and

also support InternalResourceView and also subclass such as
JstlView and TilesView.

VelocityViewResolver/ This view resolver is the subclass of UrlBasedViewResolver

FreeMarkerViewResolver which supports VelocityView, FreeMarkerView and its custom
subclass.

ContentNegotiatingViewResolver This view resolver is the implementation of the ViewResolver

interface which resolves view on the basis of request file name
or Accept header

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Resolving Views
 Create spring-servlet.xml under the src/main/webapp/WEB-INF
folder and define the beans.
 Example : Configuration for InternalResourceViewResolver

<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

 Example : Configuration for TilesViewResolver

<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass">
<value>
org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesView
</value>
</property>
</bean>

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Resolving Views: XmlViewResolver
 XmlViewResolver is used to resolve “view name” based on view beans
in the XML file.
 By default, XmlViewResolver will loads the view beans from /WEB-
INF/views.xml.
 This location can be overridden through the “location” property,
 File spring-servlet.xml:
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.XmlViewResolver">
<property name="location">
<value>/WEB-INF/spring-views.xml</value>
</property>
</bean>

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Resolving Views: Controller
 A controller class, returns a view, named “WelcomePage“.

public class WelcomeController extends AbstractController{

@Override
protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(
HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("WelcomePage");

return model;
}
}

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Resolving Views: XmlViewResolver
 The “view bean” is just a normal Spring bean declared in
the Spring’s bean configuration file, where
 “id” is the “view name” to resolve.
 “class” is the type of the view.
 “url” property is the view’s url location.
 File : spring-views.xml
<bean id="WelcomePage"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView">
<property name="url" value="/WEB-INF/pages/WelcomePage.jsp" />
</bean>

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Resolving Views: ResourceBundleViewResolver
 ResourceBundleViewResolver is used to resolve “view named” based
on view beans in “.properties” file.
 By default, ResourceBundleViewResolver will loads the view beans from
file views.properties
 This location can be overridden through the “basename” property.
 File spring-servlet.xml:

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.
ResourceBundleViewResolver">
<property name="basename" value= "spring-views" />
<property name="order" value="0" />
</bean>

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Resolving Views: Controller
 A controller class, returns a view, named “WelcomePage“.
public class WelcomeController extends AbstractController {

@Override
protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(
HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("WelcomePage");

return model;
}
}

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Resolving Views: ResourceBundleViewResolver
 Declare each view bean as a normal resource bundle style (key &
message), where
 “WelcomePage” is the view name to match.
 “.(class)” is the type of view.
 “.url” is the view’s URL location.
 File spring-views.properties:

course_list.(class) = org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView
course_list.url = /views/pages/course_list.jsp
WelcomePage.(class) = org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView
WelcomePage.url = /views/pages/WelcomePage.jsp

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Spring MVC Using Java Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "fa.training.controller" })
public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver resolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver resolver =
new InternalResourceViewResolver();
resolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return resolver;
}
}

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Spring MVC Using Java Configuration
Annotation configuration:
 @EnableWebMvc: enables default Spring MVC configuration and
registers Spring MVC infrastructure components expected by the
DispatcherServlet.
 @Configuration: indicates that a class declares one or
more @Bean methods and may be processed by the Spring container
to generate bean definitions and service requests for those beans at
runtime.
 @ComponentScan annotation is used to specify the base packages to
scan. Any class which is annotated with @Component and
@Configuration will be scanned.
 InternalResourceViewResolver helps in mapping the logical view
names to directly view files under a certain pre-configured directory.

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 Section 3

SPRING @AUTOWIRED

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Enabling @Autowired Annotations
 The Spring framework enables automatic dependency injection.
 By declaring all the bean dependencies in a Spring configuration file,
Spring container can autowire relationships between collaborating
beans. This is called Spring bean autowiring.
 To use Java-based configuration in our application, let's enable
annotation-driven injection to load our Spring configuration:
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "fa.training.controller" })
public class WebMvcConfig {}

//or to activate the dependency injection annotations in Spring XML files.

<context:component-scan base-package=" fa.training.controller"/>

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@Autowired on Properties
 Let’s see how we can annotate a property using @Autowired. This
eliminates the need for getters and setters.
 First, let's define a fooFormatter bean:

 Then, we'll inject this bean into the FooService bean

using @Autowired on the field definition:

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@Autowired on Setters and Constructors
 The setter method is called with the instance of FooFormatter when
FooService is created:

 An instance of FooFormatter is injected by Spring as an argument to

the FooService constructor:

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Spring MVC Autowire
 With Standard code:
AddressController

AddressServiceImpl AddressService
------ ------
+ getAllAddress() + getAllAddress()

public class AddressController {

AddressService addressService = new AddressServiceImpl();

public List<Address> getAllAddress(){

return addressService.getAllAddress();
}
}

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Spring Web MVC Autowire
 With Autowire:
AddressController

AddressServiceImpl AddressService
------ ------
+ getAllAddress() + getAllAddress()

@Controller
public class AddressController {

@Autowired
private AddressService addressService;

@RequestMapping(value="/addressList", method= RequestMethod.GET)

public String getAllAddress(ModelMap modelMap){
List<Address> listOfAddress = addressService.getAllAddress();
modelMap.addAttribute("addresses", listOfAddress);

return "address_list";
}
}
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 Section 4

SPRING JDBCTEMPLATE

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Spring JdbcTemplate
 Spring JdbcTemplate is a powerful mechanism to connect
to the database and execute SQL queries.
Problems of We need to write a lot of code before and after executing the
JDBC API: query, such as creating connection, statement, closing
resultset, connection etc.
We need to perform exception handling code on the database
logic.

We need to handle transaction.

Repetition of all these codes from one to another database

logic is a time consuming task.

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Spring Jdbc Approaches
 Spring framework provides following approaches for JDBC
database access:
 JdbcTemplate
 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
 SimpleJdbcTemplate
 SimpleJdbcInsert and SimpleJdbcCall

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JdbcTemplate class

It is the central class in the Spring JDBC support classes.

It takes care of creation and release of resources such as creating and closing of
connection object etc. So it will not lead to any problem if you forget to close the
connection.

It handles the exception and provides the informative exception messages by the
help of excepion classes defined in the org.springframework.dao package.

We can perform all the database operations by the help of JdbcTemplate class
such as insertion, updation, deletion and retrieval of the data from the database.

Let's see the methods of spring JdbcTemplate class.

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JdbcTemplate class
Method Description
public int update(String query) is used to insert, update and delete records.

public int update(String query, is used to insert, update and delete records using
Object... args) PreparedStatement using given arguments.
public void execute(String query) is used to execute DDL query.

public T execute(String sql, executes the query by using PreparedStatement callback.

PreparedStatementCallback action)
public T query(String sql, is used to fetch records using ResultSetExtractor.
ResultSetExtractorrse)

public List query(String sql, is used to fetch records using RowMapper.

RowMapper rse)

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DriverManagerDataSource class
 The DriverManagerDataSource is used to contain the information
about the database such as driver class name, connnection URL,
username and password.
 Need to provide the reference of DriverManagerDataSource object in the
JdbcTemplate class for the datasource property.
 Declare datasource bean:

<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>

<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName“
value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver" />
<property name="url"
value="jdbc:sqlserver://1WDDIEUNT1-LT:1433;databaseName=FAMS" />
<property name="username" value="sa" />
<property name="password" value="12345678" />
</bean>

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 Section 5

SPRING MVC FIRST EXAMPLE

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Spring MVC First Example
There are given 5 steps for creating the spring MVC
application.
The steps are as follows:
 Create the request /respone pages
 Create the bean/controller/service/dao class
 Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file
 Define the bean in the xml file
 Start server and deploy the project

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Directory Structure using Maven

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Required Maven Dependency
 Add maven dependency in pom.xml file.
<properties>
<spring.version>5.2.10.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties> Áp dụng cho XML
<dependency> Configuration
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring MVC Dependency -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

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Required Maven Dependency
 Add maven dependency in pom.xml file.
<!-- Spring JDBC -->  You can add the needful dependencies.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MS SQL Server -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
<artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>7.4.1.jre8</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>FRESHERACADEMY</finalName>
</build>
</project>

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Table definition
 We are assuming that you have created the following table
inside the FAMS database.
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Users](
[user_id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
[user_name] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[email] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[password] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[enabled] TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 1
)

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(1) Create the request/respone pages
 Create login.jsp:
<body>
<form action="login" method="post" name="loginForm">
User Name: <input type="text" name="userName">
Password: <input type="password" name="password">
<input type="submit" value="Login">
</form>
</body>

 And index.jsp:
<body>
<h2>Welcome <span>${userName}</span>! </h2>
</body>
</html>

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(2) Create the bean class

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(2) Create the controller class

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(2) Create the service class

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(2) Create the dao class

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(3) Provide the entry of controller in the web.xml file

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(4) Define the bean in the xml file
 Create spring-servlet.xml under the /WEB-INF folder and define the
beans.

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(4) Define the bean in the xml file

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(5) Start server and deploy the project

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(5) Start server and deploy the project

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SUMMAY

• Introduction to Spring Web MVC

1

• Spring Autowrite
2

• JdbcTemplate
3

• Spring MVC First Example

4

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 Thank
you

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61
61
Academy - Internal Use
 HIBERNATE AND
SPRING MVC INTEGRATION
Instructor:

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Table Content
•@ModelAttribute annotation, Model, ModelMap class
1
•Spring JdbcTemplate
2
•Spring Web MVC and Hibernate ORM
3

•Spring @Pathvariable Annotation

4
•Build a simple Web App (CRUD)
5

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Learning Goals
 After the course, attendees will be able to:

Understand Spring Web MVC Framework and Hibernate

ORM Integration.
Know how to write a Web application.

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 Section 1
- @MODELATTRIBUTE ANNOTATION
- MODEL, MODELMAP AND MODELANDVIEW CLASSES

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@ModelAttribute Annotation
 The @ModelAttribute is an annotation that binds a method parameter
or method return value to a named model attribute and then exposes it
to a web view.
 Method Argument:
 When used as a method argument, it indicates the argument should be
retrieved from the model: the arguments fields should be populated from
all request parameters that have matching names.
 Example: In the code snippet that follows the employee model attribute is
populated with data from a form submitted to the saveEmployee endpoint.

@RequestMapping(value = "/saveEmployee", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String submit(@ModelAttribute("employee") Employees employee) {
// Code that uses the employee object

return "employeeView";
}

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@ModelAttribute Annotation
 Method Level:
 When the annotation is used at the method level it indicates the
purpose of that method is to add one or more model attributes.

@ModelAttribute
public void addAttributes(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("msg",
"Welcome to the Netherlands!");
}

 Spring-MVC will always make a call first to that method, before it

calls any request handler methods.
 That is, @ModelAttribute methods are invoked before the controller
methods annotated with @RequestMapping are invoked.

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Model class
 The model works a container that contains the data of the application. A
data can be in any form such as objects, strings, information from the
database, etc.
 The model can supply attributes used for rendering views.
 To provide a view with usable data, we simply add this data to
its Model object.
 Maps with attributes can be merged with Model instances:

@GetMapping("/showViewPage")
public String passParametersWithModel(Model model) {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("spring", "mvc");
model.addAttribute("message", “Welcome to Spring framework");
model.mergeAttributes(map);
return "viewPage";
}

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ModelMap class
 Just like the Model interface above, ModelMap is also used to pass
values to render a view.
 The advantage of ModelMap is it gives us the ability to pass a collection
of values and treat these values as if they were within a Map.
 ModelMap class subclasses LinkedHashMap. It add some methods for
convenience.
 ModelMap uses as generics and checks for null values.
@RequestMapping("/helloworld")
public String hello(ModelMap map) {
String helloWorldMessage = "Hello world from FA!";
String welcomeMessage = "Welcome to FA!";
map.addAttribute("helloMessage", helloWorldMessage);
map.addAttribute("welcomeMessage", welcomeMessage);

return "hello";
}

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ModelAndView
 This interface allows us to pass all the information required
by Spring MVC in one return.
@GetMapping("/goToViewPage")
public ModelAndView passParametersWithModelAndView() {
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("viewPage");
modelAndView.addObject("message", "Welcome to FA");
return modelAndView;
}

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 Section 2

@COMPONENT VS @REPOSITORY
AND @SERVICE IN SPRING

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Introduction
 In most typical applications, we have distinct layers like data access,
presentation, service, business, etc.
 In each layer, we have various beans. Simply put, to detect them
automatically. Spring uses classpath scanning annotations. Then, it
registers each bean in the ApplicationContext.
 @Component: is a generic stereotype for any Spring-managed
component.
 @Service: annotates classes at the service layer
 @Repository: annotates classes at the persistence layer, which will
act as a database repository.

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Examples:
 @Service:
public interface UserService {
User login(User user) throws Exception;
}
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}

 @Repository
public interface UserDao {
User login(User user) throws Exception;
}

@Repository("userDao")
@Transactional
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
}

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 Section 3

SPRING JDBCTEMPLATE

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Spring JdbcTemplate
 Spring JdbcTemplate is a powerful mechanism to connect
to the database and execute SQL queries.
Problems of We need to write a lot of code before and after executing the
JDBC API: query, such as creating connection, statement, closing
resultset, connection etc.
We need to perform exception handling code on the database
logic.

We need to handle transaction.

Repetition of all these codes from one to another database

logic is a time consuming task.

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Internal Use
Spring Jdbc Approaches
 Spring framework provides following approaches for JDBC
database access:
 JdbcTemplate
 NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
 SimpleJdbcTemplate
 SimpleJdbcInsert and SimpleJdbcCall

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15
Internal Use
JdbcTemplate class

It is the central class in the Spring JDBC support classes.

It takes care of creation and release of resources such as creating and closing of
connection object etc. So it will not lead to any problem if you forget to close the
connection.

It handles the exception and provides the informative exception messages by the
help of excepion classes defined in the org.springframework.dao package.

We can perform all the database operations by the help of JdbcTemplate class
such as insertion, updation, deletion and retrieval of the data from the database.

Let's see the methods of spring JdbcTemplate class.

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Internal Use
JdbcTemplate class
Method Description
public int update(String query) is used to insert, update and delete records.

public int update(String query, is used to insert, update and delete records using
Object... args) PreparedStatement using given arguments.
public void execute(String query) is used to execute DDL query.

public T execute(String sql, executes the query by using PreparedStatement callback.

PreparedStatementCallback action)
public T query(String sql, is used to fetch records using ResultSetExtractor.
ResultSetExtractorrse)

public List query(String sql, is used to fetch records using RowMapper.

RowMapper rse)

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Internal Use
DriverManagerDataSource class
 The DriverManagerDataSource is used to contain the information
about the database such as driver class name, connnection URL,
username and password.
 Need to provide the reference of DriverManagerDataSource object in the
JdbcTemplate class for the datasource property.
 Declare datasource bean:

<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>

<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName“
value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver" />
<property name="url"
value="jdbc:sqlserver://1WDDIEUNT1-LT:1433;databaseName=FAMS" />
<property name="username" value="sa" />
<property name="password" value="12345678" />
</bean>

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Internal Use
 Section 4

HIBERNATE AND SPRING MVC INTEGRATION

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Add dependencies

<!-- Spring ORM -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate Core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.17.Final</version>
</dependency>

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Create a Data Source Bean
 Spring provides many ways to establish connection to a database and
perform operations such as retrieval of records, insertion of new
records and updating / deletion of existing records.
 The most basic of them is using DriverManagerDataSource.

<!-- DataSourse -->

<bean id="dataSource“
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName"
value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver" />
<property name="url"
value="jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;
databaseName=HumanResourceDB" />
<property name="username" value="sa" />
<property name="password" value="12345678" />
</bean>

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Create a Session Factory Bean
 For using Hibernate 5 with Spring, we have to
use org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean.

<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource"
ref="dataSource" /> <!-- Dependency Injection -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="fa.training.entities" />
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

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Transaction Management
 Enable the transaction support:
<tx:annotation-driven
transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

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@Transactional
 With Spring @Transactional, the above code gets reduced to simply
this:

@Transactional
public void businessLogic() {
... use entity manager inside a transaction ...
}

 By using @Transactional, many important aspects such as transaction

propagation are handled automatically.
 In this case if another transactional method is called by
businessLogic(), that method will have the option of joining the ongoing
transaction.

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Entity class
 Create User class:
@Entity
@Table(name = "USERS")
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "USER_ID")
private long userId;

@Pattern(regexp="^[A-Za-z0-9_]+$", message="{user.name.rex}")
@Size(max = 30, min = 8, message = "{user.name.invalid}")
@NotEmpty(message = "Please enter username")
@Column(name = "USERNAME", nullable = false, unique = true)
private String username;

@Column(name = "PASSWORD")
private String password;

@OneToOne(mappedBy = "user", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)

// @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
private UserDetail userDetail;

// constructors and getter/setter methods

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Service classes
 Create service class:
public interface UserService {
void save(User user);

List<User> list();
}

@Service
public class UserServiceImp implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;

public void save(User user) {

userDao.save(user);
}

public List<User> list() {

return userDao.list();
}
}

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DAO classes
 Create DAO class:
public interface UserDao {
void save(User user);
List<User> list();
}

@Repository
@Transactional
public class UserDaoImp implements UserDao {

@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

@Override
public void save(User user) {
sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
}

@Override
public List<User> list() {
TypedQuery<User> query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession()
.createQuery("from User");
return query.getResultList();
}
}
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Build a simple Web App
 Demo!

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 Section 5

SPRING @PATHVARIABLE ANNOTATION

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A Simple Mapping
 The @PathVariable annotation can be used to handle template
variables in the request URI mapping, and use them as method
parameters.
 A simple use case of the @PathVariable annotation would be an
endpoint that identifies an entity with a primary key:

@GetMapping("/api/employees/{id}")
@ResponseBody
public String getEmployeesById(@PathVariable String id) {
return "ID: " + id;
}

 A simple GET request to /api/employees/{id} will invoke getEmployeesById with

the extracted id value:

http://localhost:8080/api/employees/111
---- ID: 111

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Specifying the Path Variable Name
 If the path variable name is different, we can specify it in the
argument of the @PathVariable annotation:

@GetMapping("/api/employeeswithvariable/{id}")
@ResponseBody
public String getEmployeesByIdWithVariableName(@PathVariable("id")
String employeeId) {
return "ID: " + employeeId;
}

 We can also define the path variable name

as @PathVariable(value=”id”) instead of PathVariable(“id”) for clarity.

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Multiple Path Variables in a Single Request
 Depending on the use case, we can have more than one path variable
in our request URI for a controller method, which also has multiple
method parameters:

@GetMapping("/api/employees/{id}/{name}")
@ResponseBody
public String getEmployeesByIdAndName(@PathVariable String id,
@PathVariable String name) {
return "ID: " + id + ", name: " + name;
}

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Multiple Path Variables in a Single Request
 We can also handle more than one @PathVariable parameters
using a method parameter of type java.util.Map<String, String>:
@GetMapping("/api/employeeswithmapvariable/{id}/{name}")
@ResponseBody
public String getEmployeesByIdAndNameWithMapVariable(
@PathVariable Map<String, String> pathVarsMap) {
String id = pathVarsMap.get("id");
String name = pathVarsMap.get("name");
if (id != null && name != null) {
return "ID: " + id + ", name: " + name;
} else {
return "Missing Parameters";
}
}

 Example:

http://localhost:8080/api/employees/1/bar
---- ID: 1, name: bar

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@PathVariable as Not Required
 Since method parameters annotated by @PathVariables are mandatory
by default, it doesn't handle the requests sent
to /api/employeeswithrequired path:
 You can set required = false:
@GetMapping(value = { "/api/employeeswithrequiredfalse",
"/api/employeeswithrequiredfalse/{id}" })
@ResponseBody
public String getEmployeesByIdWithRequiredFalse(
@PathVariable(required = false) String id) {
if (id != null) {
return "ID: " + id;
} else {
return "ID missing";
}
}

http://localhost:8080/api/employeeswithrequiredfalse
---- ID missing

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SUMMAY

•@ModelAttribute annotation, Model, ModelMap class

1

2
•Spring JdbcTemplate

3
•Spring Web MVC and Hibernate ORM

4
• Spring @Pathvariable Annotation

5
•Build a simple Web App (CRUD)

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Thank you

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 SPRING MVC FRAMEWORK
COMPONENTS
Instructor:

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Table Content
• Spring @RequestParam Annotation
1

• Spring Form tags

2

• @SessionAttributes or @SessionAttribute
3

• Spring Expression Language (SpEL)

4

• RedirectView and RedirectAttributes

5

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Learning Goals
 After the course, attendees will be able to:

Understand Spring Web MVC Framework and its core

technologies.
Know how to write a Web application with Spring MVC
Framework.

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 Section 1

SPRING @REQUESTPARAM ANNOTATION

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A Simple Mapping
 We can use @RequestParam to extract query parameters,
form parameters, and even files from the request.
 In this example, we used @RequestParam to extract
the id query parameter.
@GetMapping("/api/foos")
public String getFoos(@RequestParam String id) {
return "ID: " + id;
}

 A simple GET request would invoke getFoos:

http://localhost:8080/api/foos?id=abc
----ID: abc

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Specifying the Request Parameter Name
 Sometimes we want these to be different, though.
 Fortunately, we can configure the @RequestParam name using
the name attribute:

@PostMapping("/api/foos")
public String addFoo( @RequestParam(name = "id") String fooId,
@RequestParam String name) {
return "ID: " + fooId + " Name: " + name;
}

 We can also do @RequestParam(value = “id”) or just @RequestParam(“id”).

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Optional Request Parameters
 Method parameters annotated with @RequestParam are
required by default.
 This means that if the parameter isn’t present in the request,
we'll get an error:
GET /api/foos HTTP/1.1
-----
400 Bad Request
Required String parameter 'id' is not present

 We can configure our @RequestParam to be optional,

though, with the required attribute:
@GetMapping("/api/foos")
public String getFoos(@RequestParam(required = false)
String id) {
return "ID: " + id;
}

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Optional Request Parameters
 In this case, both:
http://localhost:8080/api/foos?id=abc
----ID: abc
And
http://localhost:8080/api/foos
----ID: null

 will correctly invoke the method.

 When the parameter isn't specified, the method parameter is
bound to null.

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Using Java 8 Optional
 Alternatively, we can wrap the parameter in Optional:
@GetMapping("/api/foos")
public String getFoos(@RequestParam Optional<String> id) {
return "ID: " + id.orElseGet(() -> "not provided");
}

 In this case, we don't need to specify the required

attribute.
 And the default value will be used if the request parameter is
not provided:

http://localhost:8080/api/foos
---- ID: not provided

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Mapping a Multi-Value Parameter
 A single @RequestParam can have multiple values:
@GetMapping("/api/foos")
public String getFoos(@RequestParam List<String> id) {
return "IDs are " + id;
}

 And Spring MVC will map a comma-delimited id

parameter:
http://localhost:8080/api/foos?id=1,2,3
----IDs are [1,2,3]
 or a list of separate id parameters:
http://localhost:8080/api/foos?id=1&id=2
----IDs are [1,2]

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 Section 2

SPRING MVC JSP FORM TAGS

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Introduction
 Spring provides a comprehensive set of data binding-aware
tags for handling form elements when using JSP and Spring
Web MVC, such as form tag, text fields tag, select tag,
check-box(s), radio box(s), password tag, button tag, errors
tag etc.
 Spring’s form tag library
•The form tag •The select tag
•The input tag •The option tag
•The checkbox tag •The options tag
•The checkboxes tag •The textarea tag
•The radiobutton tag •The hidden tag
•The radiobuttons tag •The errors tag
•The password tag •HTML5 tags

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Spring MVC Form Tags
 To use the tags from this library, add the following directive
to the top of your JSP page:

<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>

 The form tag

 This tag renders an HTML 'form' tag and exposes a binding path to
inner tags for binding.
 It puts the command object in the PageContext so that the command
object can be accessed by inner tags. All the other tags in this library
are nested tags of the form tag.
 When the form is loaded, spring MVC will class
user.getFirstName() and getLastName() (getter methods).
 When the form is submitted, Spring MVC will call
user.setFirstName() and user.setLastName() methods.

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Spring MVC Form Tags
 Example:
<form:form modelAttribute = "user">
<table>
<tr>
<td>First Name:</td>
<td>
<form:input path="firstName" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Last Name:</td>
<td>
<form:input path="lastName" />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<input type="submit" value="Save Changes" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form:form>

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The checkbox tag
 This tag renders an HTML 'input' tag with type 'checkbox'.
 Give an entity class:
Entity
@Table(name = "Preferences")
public class Preferences {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private int id;
@Column(name = "receive_news_letter")
private boolean receiveNewsletter;
private String[] interests;
@Column(name = "favourite_word")
private String favouriteWord;

// constructors and getter/setter methods

}

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The checkbox tag
 Form:
<form:form method="POST" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/subscription"
modelAttribute="preferences">
<table>
<tr>
<td>Subscribe to newsletter?:</td>
<%-- Approach 1: Property is of type java.lang.Boolean --%>
<td><form:checkbox path="receiveNewsletter" /></td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Interests:</td>
<%-- Approach 2: Property is of an array or of type java.util.Collection --%>
<td>Quidditch:
<form:checkbox path="interests" value="Quidditch" />
Herbology:
<form:checkbox path="interests" value="Herbology" />
Defence Against the Dark Arts:
<form:checkbox path="interests" value="Defence Against the Dark Arts" />
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>Favourite Word:</td>
<%-- Approach 3: Property is of type java.lang.Object --%>
<td>Magic:
<form:checkbox path="favouriteWord" value="Magic" />
</td>
</tr>

</table>
</form:form>

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Controller
 Controller class:
@Controller
public class PreferencesController {

@PostMapping("/subscription")
public String subcription(
@ModelAttribute("preferences") Preferences preferences,
Model model) {
LogUtils.getLogger().info(preferences);

return "newsletter_subscription";
}

 Results:

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The checkboxes tag
 This tag renders multiple HTML 'input' tags with type
'checkbox'.
<form:form>
<table>
<tr>
<td>Interests:</td>
<td>
<%-- Property is of an array or of type java.util.Collection --%>
<form:checkboxes path="preferences.interests" items="${interestList}" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form:form>

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The radiobutton and radiobuttons tags
 radiobutton tag renders an HTML 'input' tag with type
'radio'.
<tr>
<td>Gender:</td>
<td>Male: <form:radiobutton path="gender" value="M" /> <br />
Female: <form:radiobutton path="gender" value="F" />
</td>
</tr>

 radiobuttons tag renders multiple HTML 'input' tags with

type 'radio'. For example:
<tr>
<td>Gender:</td>
<td>
<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genderOptions}" />
</td>
</tr>

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The select tag
 This tag renders an HTML 'select' element.
 It supports data binding to the selected option as well as the
use of nested option and options tags.
<tr>
<td>Skills:</td>
<td><form:select path="skills" items="${skills}" /></td>
</tr>

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 Section 3

@SESSIONATTRIBUTES OR
@SESSIONATTRIBUTE

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Introduction
 When developing web applications, we often need to refer to
the same attributes in several views.
 For example, we may have shopping cart contents that
need to be displayed on multiple pages.
 A good location to store those attributes is in the user's
session.
 Have 2 different strategies for working with a session
attribute:
 Using a scoped proxy
 Using the @SessionAttributes annotation

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@SessionAttributes
 @SessionAttributes annotation is used to store the model attribute in
the session. This annotation is used at controller class level.
@SessionAttributes("user")
public class LoginController {
@ModelAttribute("user")
public User setUpUserForm() {
return new User();
}
}
 @SessionAttribute annotation is used to retrieve the existing attribute
from session that is managed globally and it is used at method
parameter as shown follows.
@GetMapping("/info")
public String userInfo(@SessionAttribute("user") User user) {
//... //... return "user";
}

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Controller
@Controller
@SessionAttributes("user")
public class UserController {

/**
* Add user in model attribute.
*/
@ModelAttribute("user")
public User setUpUserForm() {
return new User();
}

@PostMapping("/dologin")
public String doLogin(@ModelAttribute("user") User user, Model model) {

// Implement your business logic

if ("admin".equals(user.getUsername())
&& "admin".equals(user.getPassword())) {

return "index";
} else {
model.addAttribute("message", "Login failed. Try again.");
return "login";
}
}

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Controller
/*
* Get user from session attribute
*/
@GetMapping("/info")
public String userInfo(@SessionAttribute("user") User user) {

System.out.println("User Name: " + user.getUsername());

return "index";
}
}

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View
 Login.jsp
<form:form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/dologin" method="post" modelAttribute="user">
<h2 class="text-center">Log in</h2>
<label style="color: red">${errorMessage}</label><!-- JSP Expression -->
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" name="username" class="form-control"
placeholder="Username" required="required">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control"
placeholder="Password" required="required">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-block">Log in</button>
</div>
<div class="clearfix">
<label class="float-left form-check-label"><input type="checkbox"> Remember me</label>
<a href="#" class="float-right">Forgot Password?</a>
</div>
</form:form>

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 Section 4

SPRING EXPRESSION LANGUAGE (SpEL)

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Introduction
 Spring Expression Language (SpEL) is a powerful
expression language, which can be used for querying and
manipulating an object graph at runtime.
 SpEL supports standard mathematical operators, relational
operators, logical operators, conditional operators, collections and
regular expressions, etc.
 It can be used to inject a bean or a bean property into another bean.
 Method invocation of a bean is also supported.

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SpEL Examples
 Example 1: The logical operators, (&&) or (||) and not (!), are supported.
The textual equivalents can also be used.
 (1) First let’s define the MyOtherGlass POJO:
package fa.training.entities;

public class MyOtherGlass {

private boolean empty;
private boolean halfEmpty;
private int volume;
private int maxVolume;
private boolean largeGlass;

public MyOtherGlass() {

}
// getter and setter moethod
}

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SpEL Examples
 (2) Let’s now create our spring configuration file where we define the
smallGlass bean and the largeGlass bean.

<bean id="smallGlass" class="fa.training.entities.MyOtherGlass">

<constructor-arg name="volume" value="5" />
<constructor-arg name="maxVolume" value="10" />
<property name="largeGlass"
value="#{smallGlass.maxVolume ge 20 and
smallGlass.maxVolume le 30}" />
</bean>

<bean id="largeGlass" class="fa.training.entities.MyOtherGlass">

<constructor-arg name="volume" value="5" />
<constructor-arg name="maxVolume" value="30" />
<property name="largeGlass"
value="#{largeGlass.maxVolume ge 20 and
largeGlass.maxVolume le 30}" />
</bean>

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SpEL Examples
 (3) Test
LogUtils.getLogger().info(smallGlass.isLargeGlass());

LogUtils.getLogger().info(largeGlass.isLargeGlass());

 Results:
[INFO ] 2020-11-14 15:12:47.678 [http-nio-8080-exec-2]
LogUtils - false
[INFO ] 2020-11-14 15:12:47.680 [http-nio-8080-exec-2]
LogUtils - true

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SpEL Examples
 Example 2:
<bean id="officeAddress" class="fa.training.entities.Address">
<property name="number" value = "101" />
<property name="street" value = "#{'M I Road'}" />
<property name="city" value = "Jaipur" />
<property name="state" value = "Rajasthan" />
<property name="pinCode" value = "#{'302001'}" />
</bean>

<bean id="employee" class="fa.training.entities.Employee">

<property name="empId" value = "1001" />
<property name="empName" value = "Ram" />
<!-- Bean reference through SpEL -->
<property name="officeAddress" value = "#{officeAddress}" />
<property name="officeLocation" value = "#{officeAddress.city}" />
<!-- Method invocation through SpEL -->
<property name="employeeInfo" value = "#{officeAddress.getAddress('Ram')}" />
</bean>

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SpEL - properties files
 Create DBConfig.properties file:
driver=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=DBName
username=sa
password=12345678

 spring-servlet.xml file:
<!– Properties Spring -->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config
.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:DBConfig.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>

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SpEL - properties files
 spring-servlet.xml file:
 The context:property-placeholder tag is used to externalize
properties in a separate file.
 It automatically configures PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer, which
replaces the ${} placeholders, which are resolved against a specified
properties file (as a Spring resource location).

<context:property-placeholder
location="classpath:data.properties, classpath:DBConfig.properties"
ignore-unresolvable="true" />

 Default resource location: src/main/resources.

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SpEL - properties files
 spring-servlet.xml file:
<!-- DataSourse -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.
DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${url}" />
<property name="username" value="${username}" />
<property name="password" value="${password}" />
</bean>

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SpEL Using Annotation
 SpEL expressions begin with the # symbol, and are wrapped in braces:
#{expression}.
 Properties can be referenced in a similar fashion, starting with a $
symbol, and wrapped in braces: ${property.name}.
@Value("#{19 + 1}") // 20
private double add;

@Value("#{'String1 ' + 'string2'}") // "String1 string2"

private String addString;

@Value("#{20 - 1}") // 19
private double subtract; @Value("#{36 div 2}") // 18, the same as for / operator
private double divideAlphabetic;
@Value("#{10 * 2}") // 20
private double multiply; @Value("#{37 % 10}") // 7
private double modulo;
@Value("#{36 / 2}") // 19
private double divide; @Value("#{37 mod 10}") // 7, the same as for % operator
private double moduloAlphabetic;

@Value("#{2 ^ 9}") // 512

private double powerOf;

@Value("#{(2 + 2) * 2 + 9}") // 17
private double brackets;

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SpEL Using Annotation
 Example: The @Component annotation for registering the
bean and @Value for setting values into bean properties.
@Component @Component
public class Address { public class Person {
@Value("100") @Value("#{'Suresh'}")
private String houseNo; private String name;
@Value("The Mall") @Value("34")
private String street; private int age;
@Value("Shimla") // SpEL Bean reference
private String city; @Value("#{address}")
@Value("HP") private Address address;
private String state; @Value("#{address.city}")
// As SpEL literal private String personCity;
@Value("#{'171004'}") // SpEL Method invocation
private String pinCode; @Value("#{person.getInfo()}")
private String personInfo;
// getter and setter methods
} // getter and setter methods
}

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SpEL Using Annotation - properties files
 Create a data.properties file:
technic_name=Java Web,Android,.Net,C/C++,Angular,React
MSG1=Sorry, your username or password is incorrect. Please try again!
MSG2=Username must be not empty!
MSG3=Password must be not empty!
MSG4=You must input all required fields!
MSG5=Wrong format!

 We will add some fields to read the configuration from employee.properties using @Value
annotation. @Controller
 Example: @SessionAttributes("user")
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:data.properties")
public class UserController {

@Value("#{'${MSG1}'}")
private String msg1;
@Value("#{'${MSG2}'}")
private String msg2;
@Value("#{'${MSG3}'}")
private String msg3;
@Value("#{'${MSG4}'}")
private String msg4;
@Value("#{'${MSG5}'}")
private String msg5;

@Value("#{'${technic_name}'.split(',')}")
private List<String> technics;
}

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 Section 4

REDIRECTVIEW TO ADD/FETCH FLASH

ATTRIBUTES USING REDIRECTATTRIBUTES

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RedirectAttributes class
 A specialization of the Model interface that controllers can use to select
attributes for a redirect scenario.

 This interface also provides a way to add flash attributes and they will
be automatically propagated to the "output" FlashMap of the current
request.

 A RedirectAttributes model is empty when the method is called and is

never used unless the method returns a redirect view name or a
RedirectView.

 After the redirect, flash attributes are automatically added to the model
of the controller that serves the target URL.

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Methods
 addFlashAttribute:("key", "value")
 Flash Attributes are attributes which lives in session for short time.
 It is used to propagate values from one request to another request and then
automatically removed.
 Handling flash attributes are achieved using FlashMap and
FlashMapManager.
 But in annotated spring MVC controller, it can be achieved with
RedirectAttributes.

 addAttribute(“attributeName”, “attributeValue”)
 Add the supplied attribute under the supplied name.

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Add Flash Attributes

@RequestMapping(value = "mybook", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public ModelAndView book() {
return new ModelAndView("book", "book", new Book());
}

@RequestMapping(value = "/save", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public RedirectView save(@ModelAttribute("book") Book book,
RedirectAttributes redirectAttrs) {
redirectAttrs.addAttribute("msg", "Hello World!");
redirectAttrs.addFlashAttribute("book", book.getBookName());
redirectAttrs.addFlashAttribute("writer", book.getWriter());

RedirectView redirectView = new RedirectView();

redirectView.setContextRelative(true);
redirectView.setUrl("/hello/{msg}");
return redirectView;
}

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Fetch Flash Attributes
 To fetch flash attributes we have two approaches.
 The first one is by using Model as an argument in the
@RequestMapping method and fetch the flash attribute as below.

model.asMap().get("key");

@RequestMapping(value = "/hello/{msg}", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public String hello(Model model, RedirectAttributes redirectAttrs,
@PathVariable("msg") String msg, HttpServletRequest request) {
System.out.println("Message:" + msg);

System.out.println("Fetch Flash Attributes By using Model");

System.out.println("Book Name:" + model.asMap().get("book"));
System.out.println("Writer:" + model.asMap().get("writer"));

return "redirect:/success.jsp";
}

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SUMMARY
• Spring @RequestParam Annotation
1

• Spring Form tags

2

• @SessionAttributes or @SessionAttribute
3

• Spring Expression Language (SpEL)

4

• RedirectView and RedirectAttributes

5

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 Thank you

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45
Internal Use
 Spring Validation
& Interceptor
Instructor:

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Table Content

• Spring Mvc Form Validation

1

• Interceptor
2

• Spring MVC Exception Handling

3

• Practice time
4

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Learning Goals
 After the course, attendees will be able to:

Understand the importance of validation

Implement validation in Spring MVC

Understand how Interceptor works

Create and use Interceptor

Protect private resources interceptor application to

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 Section 1

FORM VALIDATION USING

JAVA BEAN VALIDATION API

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FORM VALIDATION
 To make sure the data inputted from users, the software must check
inputted data is valid or not. Spring provides vary and easy way to
validation user input.
 Form Validation using JSR-303 validation annotations, hibernate-
validators, providing internationalization support using MessageSource.

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What is validation in web aplication
 Is pre-processing to make sure the application recived
corrected data

Java script validator

User input
data

Spring form-validation

Controller

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FORM VALIDATION
 Invalid input will cause unpredictable errors. Therefore,
control of input data always plays an important role in the
application.
 Common errors
 Leave the input box blank ...
 Incorrect email format, creditcard, url ...
 Incorrect type of integer, real number, date and time ...
 Minimum value, maximum value, within ...
 Unlike passwords, correct captcha, identical code
 Not as expected of some calculations ...

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Form Validation Advantage

•Prevent user enter wrong value to system. For example:

Security user not allowed to wrong email look like
[email protected]

Friendly to user •User will be suggested the correct value

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How to do?

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(1) Required Maven Dependency
 Add maven dependency in pom.xml file.

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(2) XML Config
spring-mvc-servlet.xml

You make sure that

<mvc:annotaion-
drive/> is existed

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Entity class
User set validator annotaion to entity/bean
Or use existed one
Define a validator
from hibernate

Phone validator

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Controller

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In view

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 Section 2

SPRING MVC EXCEPTION HANDLING

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Using XML configuration
 This approach uses XML to configure exceptions handling declaratively.
Consider the following bean declaration in Spring’s application context file:
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.
SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="java.lang.ArithmeticException">MathError</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>

 That will map any exceptions of type java.lang.ArithmeticException (or its sub
types) to the view named MathError.
 During execution of a Spring controller, if such an exception is thrown, the client
will be redirected to the mapped view: /views/MathError.jsp:

<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>

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Using XML configuration
 Controller:
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/doMath")
public class MathController {
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView calculateSum(@RequestParam int a, @RequestParam int b) {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("MathResult");

model.addObject("sum", (a + b));
model.addObject("subtract", (a - b));
model.addObject("multiply", (a * b));
model.addObject("divide", (a / b));

return model;
}
}

 In this code, there are two possible exceptions:

 Either a or b is not a number.
 b is zero, so the operation a / b will throw a java.lang.ArithmeticException exception.

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Using XML configuration
 Following is code of the MathResult.jsp page:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Math Result</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
<b>Sum: ${sum} </b><br/>
<b>Subtract: ${subtract} </b><br/>
<b>Multiply: ${multiply} </b><br/>
<b>Divide: ${divide} </b><br/>
</center>
</body>
</html>

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Using XML configuration
 Code of the MathError.jsp page:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Error</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>
Mathematical Error: ${exception} <br />
</h2>
</body>
</html>

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Using XML configuration
 Output when testing the application with two numbers a = 2000 and b =
100:

 If we pass b = 0, then the MathError.jsp page will be displayed:

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Using exception handler method
 This approach uses the @ExceptionHandler annotation to annotate a method in controller
class to handle exceptions raised during execution of the controller’s methods.
 Consider the following controller class:
@Controller
public class FileUploadController {

@RequestMapping(value = "/uploadFile", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public String doFileUpload(@RequestParam int a) throws IOException, SQLException {

// handles file upload stuff...

if (a == 1) {
throw new IOException("Could not read upload file.");
} else if (a == 2) {
throw new SQLException("Database exception!!!");
}

return "done";
}

@ExceptionHandler({IOException.class, java.sql.SQLException.class})
public ModelAndView handleIOException(Exception ex) {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("IOError");

model.addObject("exception", ex.getMessage());

return model;
}
}

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Using exception handler method
 The method doFileUpload() may throw an IOException, and the handler
method is declared as follows:
@ExceptionHandler(IOException.class)
public ModelAndView handleIOException(IOException ex) {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("IOError");

model.addObject("exception", ex.getMessage());

return model;
}

 This handleIOException() method will be invoked whenever an exception of

type java.io.IOException (or its sub types) is raised within the controller class.
 Spring will pass the exception object into the method’s argument.
 It’s also possible to specify a list of exception classes in the
@ExceptionHanlder annotation, for example:

ExceptionHandler({IOException.class, java.sql.SQLException.class})

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Spring @ExceptionHandler Global exception handling

 If we want to centralize the exception handling logic to one class which is

capable to handle exceptions thrown from any handler class/ controller
class – then we can use @ControllerAdvice annotation.
 Example:
 (1) Custom Exception Class: Let’s create a simple custom exception class.
In this class, we have defined the “error code” and “error message” member
variables for specifying the user-defined error messages
@Component
public class MyException extends RuntimeException {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private String errCode;

private String errMsg;

public MyException() {
}
// getter and setter methods
}

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Spring @ExceptionHandler Global exception handling

 (2) Global Exception Handler Class:

@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionControllerAdvice {

@ExceptionHandler(MyException.class)
public ModelAndView handleMyException(MyException mex) {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

model.addObject("errCode", mex.getErrCode());
model.addObject("errMsg", mex.getErrMsg());
model.setViewName("error/generic_error");
return model;
}

@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public ModelAndView handleException(Exception ex) {

ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();

model.addObject("errMsg", "This is a 'Exception.class' message.");
model.setViewName("error/generic_error");
return model;

}
}

 Notes: generic_error is a view name. Ex: error/generic_error.jsp.

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Spring @ExceptionHandler Global exception handling

 (3) Controller Class:

@Controller
public class ExceptionCtrl {

@RequestMapping(value = "/exception/{type}", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public String exception(@PathVariable(name = "type") String exception)
throws IOException {

if (exception.equalsIgnoreCase("error")) {
throw new MyException("A1001",
"This is a custom exception message.");
} else if (exception.equalsIgnoreCase("io-error")) {
throw new IOException();
} else {
return "success";
}
}
}

 If the user provides a /error request, the controller method will throw the MyException, and the
ExceptionControllerAdvice.handleMyException() method will be invoked to handle the exception.
 If the user provides a /io-error request, the controller method throw the IOException, and the
ExceptionControllerAdvice.handleException() method will be invoked to handle the exception.

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@ResponseStatus
 You also can throw an Exception declared with @ResponseStatus
annotation:
 (1) I created a class named ResourceNotFoundException that extends from
RuntimeException and I putted this annotation over the class definition:

@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
public class ResourceNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {

 (2) I created this method in my exception's controller class:

@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionControllerAdvice {

@ExceptionHandler(ResourceNotFoundException.class)
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
public String handleResourceNotFoundException() {

return "notFoundJSPPage";
}
}

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@ResponseStatus
 Controller class example:
@Controller
public class ExceptionCtrl {

@RequestMapping(value = "/exception/{type}", method = RequestMethod.GET)

public String exception(@PathVariable(name = "type") String exception)
throws IOException {

if (exception.equalsIgnoreCase("error")) {
throw new MyException("A1001", "This is a custom exception message.");
} else if (exception.equalsIgnoreCase("io-error")) {
throw new IOException();
} else if (exception.equalsIgnoreCase("404")) {
throw new ResourceNotFoundException();
} else {
return "success";
}
}
}

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 Section 3

SPRING INTERCEPTOR

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What is SPRING interceptor?
 Spring Interceptor are used to intercept client requests and
process them

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Interceptor structure
derived class from HandlerInterceptorAdapter

Run BEFORE action method

false will not run action method

Run AFTER action method and BEFORE view

Run AFTER view

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Interceptor process

request preHandle() Action

postHandle()

View
response afterCompletion()

 If we want to handle a task before the action executed, we have to

write code in preHandle.
 If we want to prepare something for View, we write code in
postHandle method.

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An Example of interceptor
 Create class and extend HandlerInterceptorAddaptor

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Configure interceptor
 Interceptors, after being built, need to config in Spring
configuration file (.xml)
 The following declaration LoggerInterceptor will filter all
actions
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**" />
<bean class="com.springmvc.LoggerInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

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Implementing controller and view
 Controller class:

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Run the project and see the result
 Run home / index.htm and see the output from Console:

 Through the results we see the order of execution

preHandle()=>index()=>postHandle()=>index.jsp=>afterCompletion()

Interceptor Action Interceptor View Interceptor

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More: Interceptor configuration
 Sometimes Interceptor is built just to filter some actions, not
all actions.
 The following configuration allows only LoggerInterceptor to
filter home/index.htm and home/about.htm actions:
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/home/index.htm" />
<mvc:mapping path="/home/about.htm" />
<bean class="com.springmvc.LoggerInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

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More: Interceptor configuration
 Another situation is that we want to filter all actions in the
HomeController except for home/ index.htm:
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/home/**" />
<mvc-exclude:mapping path="/home/about.htm" />
<bean class="com.springmvc.LoggerInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

 Here we see that <mvc: exclude-mapping> is used to

exclude unfiltered actions and ** is a symbol for any group
of characters.

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An issue when implement security
 The yellow actions of the following two controllers are only
accessible after logging in

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Resolve the issue
 Implement SecurityInterceptor to filters all actions of the
two controllers except for those that do not fill in yellow.
 The SecurityInterceptor must run before requesting the
action and will do the following:
 Check that the session has an attribute named user or not? If not,
redirect to user/ login.htm.
 On user/login.htm, after successful login, you need to create a user
attribute in the session.

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Resolve the issue

<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/user/**" />
<mvc:mapping path="/order/**" />
<mvc-exclude:mapping path="/user/login.htm" />
<mvc-exclude:mapping path="/user/register.htm" />
<mvc-exclude:mapping path="/user/forgot-passowrd.htm" />
<mvc-exclude:mapping path="/user/active.htm" />
<bean class="com.springmvc.LoggerInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

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Resolve the issue
 This interface module belongs to the layout but needs to
load data from the database.
 Problem: Where to write code to feed this module?
 Write in every action of every controller because every view needs
this data.
 Write in Interceptor's postHandle() that filters all actions. Obviously
this option is very optimal.

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Load shared data issue

Login Logout

This interface module belongs to the layout but needs Product A

to load data from the database. Product B
Problem: Where to write code to feed this module? Product C
 Write in every action of every controller because
every view needs this data. Product D
 Write in Interceptor's postHandle () that filters all
actions. Obviously this option is very optimal.

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Summary
 Study the importance of Validation
 Implement validator
 Handling Exception in Spring Web MVC
 Learn Interceptor
 Implement Interceptor
 Configure Interceptor to filter actions
 Interceptor application to protect privacy functions.

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Thank you

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SPRING BOOT BASICS

Instructor:

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Table Content

1 •Introduction

• Starter template
2

• Bootstrap the application

3

• Spring Boot Annotations

4

5 •Spring Boot JSP View Resolver

•Spring Boot Devtools

6

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Learning Goals
 After the session, attendees will be able to:

Understand Spring Boot Framework and its core

technologies.

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Section 1

INTRODUCTION

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Introduction
 Spring Boot is a Spring module that provides the RAD (Rapid
Application Development) feature to the Spring framework.
 Spring Boot is an open source Java-based framework used to create a
micro Service.
 Micro Service is an architecture that allows the developers to develop and
deploy services independently.
 Each service running has its own process and this achieves the lightweight
model to support business applications.

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Introduction
 Spring Boot is a project that is built on the top of the Spring Framework.
It provides an easier and faster way to set up, configure, and run both
simple and web-based applications.
 Spring Boot offers the following advantages to its developers
 Easy to understand and develop spring applications
 Increases productivity
 Reduces the development time

 Spring Boot is the combination of Spring Framework and Embedded

Servers.
 We can use Spring STS IDE or Spring Initializr to develop Spring Boot
Java applications.
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Prerequisite of Spring Boot
 To create a Spring Boot application, following are the prerequisites. In
this tutorial, we will use Spring Tool Suite (STS) IDE.
 Java 1.8
 Maven 3.0+
 Spring Framework 5.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT
 An IDE (Spring Tool Suite) is recommended.
 Spring Boot Features:
 Web Development
 SpringApplication
 Application events and listeners
 Admin features
 Externalized Configuration
 Properties Files
 YAML Support
 Type-safe Configuration
 Logging
 Security
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Section 2

SETUP

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Spring Boot Starters
 First, let's use Spring Initializr to generate the base for our
project.
 Handling dependency management is a difficult task for
big projects.
 What is starter template?
 Spring Boot starters are templates that contain a collection of all
the relevant transitive dependencies that are needed to start a
particular functionality.
 For example, If you want to create a Spring Web MVC application
then in a traditional setup, you would have included all required
dependencies yourself. It leaves the chances of version
conflict which ultimately result in more runtime exceptions.
 Note that all Spring Boot starters follow the same naming
pattern spring-boot-starter- *, where * indicates that it is a type of
the application.

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Spring Boot Starters
 With Spring boot, to create MVC application all you need to import is
spring-boot-starter-web dependency.

<!-- Spring web brings all required dependencies

to build web application. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

 Notes:
 This dependency, internally imports all given dependencies and add to your project.
 Notice how some dependencies are direct, and some dependencies further refer to other starter
templates which transitively downloads more dependencies.

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Spring Boot Starters
 Examples
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

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Spring Boot Starter Parent
 The spring-boot-starter-parent dependency is the parent POM
providing dependency and plugin management for Spring Boot-based
applications.
 It contains the default versions of Java to use, the default versions of
dependencies that Spring Boot uses, and the default configuration of the
Maven plugins.

<!-- Parent pom is mandatory to control versions

of child dependencies -->
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>

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Popular templates and their transitive dependencies

STARTER DEPENDENCIES

spring-boot-starter spring-boot, spring-context, spring-beans

spring-boot-starter-jersey jersey-container-servlet-core, jersey-container-servlet, jersey-server

spring-boot-starter-actuator spring-boot-actuator, micrometer-core
spring-boot-starter-aop spring-aop, aspectjrt, aspectjweaver
spring-boot-starter-data-rest spring-hateoas, spring-data-rest-webmvc
spring-boot-starter-hateoas spring-hateoas
spring-boot-starter-logging logback-classic, jcl-over-slf4j, jul-to-slf4j
spring-boot-starter-log4j2 log4j2, log4j-slf4j-impl
spring-boot-starter-security spring-security-web, spring-security-config
spring-test, spring-boot,junit,mockito, hamcrest-library, assertj,
spring-boot-starter-test
jsonassert, json-path

spring-boot-starter-web-services spring-ws-core

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Section 3

SPRING BOOT ANNOTATIONS

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Introduction
 The spring boot annotations are mostly placed in:
 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure and
 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition packages.
 @SpringBootApplication annotation:
 Spring boot is mostly about auto-configuration.
 @SpringBootApplication annotation enable all able things in one
step.
 It enables the three features:
• @EnableAutoConfiguration: enable auto-configuration mechanism.
• @ComponentScan: enable @Component scan.
• @SpringBootConfiguration: register extra beans in the context.

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@SpringBootApplication annotation
 The java class annotated with @SpringBootApplication is the main
class of a Spring Boot application and application starts from here.

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.
SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}

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Bootstrap the application
 To run the application, we need to use @SpringBootApplication annotation.
Behind the scenes, that’s equivalent[tươngđương] to @Configuration,
@EnableAutoConfiguration, and @ComponentScan together.

 It enables the scanning of config classes, files and load them into spring
context.

 In below example, execution start with main() method. It start loading all the
config files, configure them and bootstrap the application based on application
properties in application.properties file in /resources folder.

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What You Need
 A favorite text editor or IDE
 JDK 1.8 or later
 Gradle 4+ or Maven 3.2+
 You can also import the code straight into your IDE:
 Spring Tool Suite (STS)
 IntelliJ IDEA
 For all Spring applications, you should start with the Spring
Initializr: https://start.spring.io/

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Use STS
 Step 1: Spring Starter Project:

 Step 2: provide the name, group, and package of the project. We have
provided:
 Name: bfams
 Group: fa.training
 Package: fa.training

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Use STS
 Choose the Spring Boot Version 2.0.1 and technologies:

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Use Spring Initializr
 The Initializr offers a fast way to pull in all the dependencies you need for an application
and does a lot of the set up for you.
 This example needs the Rest Repositories, Spring Data JPA, and H2 dependencies. The
following image shows the Initializr set up for this sample project:

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Project Structure
 RestSpringBootApplication.java
package fa.training;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
Import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.
SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class Bfams2Application {
public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.
run(Bfams2Application.class, args);
}
}
 application.properties

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;databaseName=FAMS1
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=12345678
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.
SQLServerDriver
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2012Dialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto =none

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Run the launch application and check logs
 Let’s start running it with the simplest option–running as a Java application.
 In your IDE, right-click on the application class and run it as Java Application.
 For getting insight of registered beans, I have added modified the launch
application as below.

. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.4.0)

2020-11-20 16:46:40.403 INFO 920 --- [ main] fa.training.ServletInitializer : Starting ServletInitializer v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT using Java 1.8.0_211 on LPP00065422A with PID 920 (C:\Users\dieunt1\ecli
2020-11-20 16:46:40.422 INFO 920 --- [ main] fa.training.ServletInitializer : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2020-11-20 16:46:44.897 INFO 920 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data JPA repositories in DEFERRED mode.
2020-11-20 16:46:45.001 INFO 920 --- [ main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 45 ms. Found 0 JPA repository interfaces.
2020-11-20 16:46:47.752 INFO 920 --- [ main] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/hrm_springbootwebmvc] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2020-11-20 16:46:47.753 INFO 920 --- [ main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 7055 ms
2020-11-20 16:46:49.504 INFO 920 --- [ main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2020-11-20 16:46:50.121 INFO 920 --- [ task-1] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: default]
2020-11-20 16:46:50.956 WARN 920 --- [ main] JpaBaseConfiguration$JpaWebConfiguration : spring.jpa.open-in-view is enabled by default. Therefore, database queries may be performed during view rendering. E
2020-11-20 16:46:51.281 INFO 920 --- [ task-1] org.hibernate.Version : HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 5.4.23.Final
2020-11-20 16:46:55.186 INFO 920 --- [ task-1] o.hibernate.annotations.common.Version : HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.1.2.Final}
2020-11-20 16:46:55.747 INFO 920 --- [ main] .s.s.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration :

Using generated security password: c770fe80-3a6f-4135-bcac-18dd4651db20

2020-11-20 16:46:57.510 INFO 920 --- [ task-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Starting...

2020-11-20 16:46:57.703 INFO 920 --- [ main] o.s.s.web.DefaultSecurityFilterChain : Will secure any request with [org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilte
org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter@17c544e9, org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter@707172a8, org.springframework.security.web.authentic
org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter@146629c0, org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter@4bfc4be1, org.springframework.security.web.authenti
org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor@1fdc3182]
2020-11-20 16:46:58.289 INFO 920 --- [ main] DeferredRepositoryInitializationListener : Triggering deferred initialization of Spring Data repositories…
2020-11-20 16:46:58.291 INFO 920 --- [ main] DeferredRepositoryInitializationListener : Spring Data repositories initialized!
2020-11-20 16:46:58.364 INFO 920 --- [ main] fa.training.ServletInitializer : Started ServletInitializer in 20.812 seconds (JVM running for 50.503)
2020-11-20 16:46:58.950 INFO 920 --- [ main] org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner : At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete lis
2020-11-20 16:46:59.053 INFO 920 --- [ main] org.apache.coyote.ajp.AjpNioProtocol : Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
2020-11-20 16:46:59.067 INFO 920 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina : Server startup in [49,222] milliseconds
2020-11-20 16:47:01.131 INFO 920 --- [ task-1] com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource : HikariPool-1 - Start completed.
2020-11-20 16:47:01.803 INFO 920 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/hrm_springbootwebmvc] : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2020-11-20 16:47:01.804 INFO 920 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2020-11-20 16:47:01.813 INFO 920 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed initialization in 4 ms
2020-11-20 16:47:02.510 INFO 920 --- [ task-1] org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2012Dialect
2020-11-20 16:47:05.947 INFO 920 --- [ task-1] o.h.e.t.j.p.i.JtaPlatformInitiator : HHH000490: Using JtaPlatform implementation: [org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.NoJtaPlatform]
2020-11-20 16:47:06.035 INFO 920 --- [ task-1] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Initialized JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'

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 Section 4

SPRING BOOT WEB APP

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What is starter template?
 Add a dependency to compile JSP files:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- To compile JSP files -->

<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
</dependency>

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Spring Boot JSP View Resolver
 To resolve JSP files location, you can have two approaches.
 Add entries in application.properties

 Configure InternalResourceViewResolver to serve JSP pages

package fa.training.controller;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan
public class MvcConfiguration implements WebMvcConfigurer {

@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);

return viewResolver;
}

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Spring Boot JSP View Resolver
 Configure to serve JSP pages:
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(
ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addResourceHandler("/resources/**")
.addResourceLocations("/resources/");
}

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Spring Boot Web Controller
 Create a controller class is the same as the controller class in Spring
Web MVC: using @Controller, @Get/@PostMapping, @Autowired, ...
@Controller
public class InitController {

@GetMapping("/")
public String init(Model model) {

model.addAttribute("user", new User());

return "login";
}

@GetMapping("/index")
public String initIndex(Model model) {

return "index";
}
}

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Serving static content
 Spring Boot automatically adds static web resources located within any
of the following directories:
 /META-INF/resources/
 /resources/
 /static/
 /public/
 The directories are located in the classpath or in the root of the
ServletContext.
 Example: the following structure of a Web
application which serves index1.html,
index2.html and index3.html from three
different locations:

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Serving static content
 Using the View Controller to map URL with resources
 ViewControllerRegistry registers a View Controller.
 It is used when we just need to map a URL with a view
using addViewController(String urlPath).
@Override
public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
WebMvcConfigurer.super.addViewControllers(registry);

registry.addViewController("/savepassword")
.setViewName("savepassword.html");
registry.addViewController("/login")
.setViewName("login.html");
registry.addViewController("/")
.setViewName("loggedin/index.html");

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Serving static content
 Accessing Javascript and css in Spring Boot
 Css and javascript (.js) files are static resources and Spring Boot maps it by
default in your /resources/static folder.
 So for example, define a file style.css file in the folder
src/main/resources/static/css with a minimal content:

h1 {
background-color: green;
color: red;
text-align: center;
}

<html>
<head>
<link href="/css/style.css"
rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<h1>Spring boot example</h1>
</html>

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Spring Boot Devtools
 The spring-boot-devtools dependency provided the auto-reload of UI
in browser whenever there is change in some code.
 pom.xml file:
<!-- devtools -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

 Automatic UI refresh
 The spring-boot-devtools module includes an embedded LiveReload server
that can be used to trigger a browser refresh when a resource is changed.
 Precondition is that your browser should have supported extention for it.
 By default, live reload is enabled
application.properties
spring.devtools.livereload.enabled = false # Set false to disable live reload

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SUMMAY

1 •Introduction

2 • Starter template

3 • Bootstrap the application

4 • Spring Boot Annotations

5 •Spring Boot JSP View Resolver

6 •Spring Boot Devtools

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 Thank you

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34
SPRING DATA JPA
Instructor:

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Table Content

1 • Introduction

2 • Spring Data JPA Interface

3 • How to Use Spring Data JPA interfaces

4 • Query methods

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Learning Goals
 After the session, attendees will be able to:

Understand Spring Data JPA Framework and its core

technologies.

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Section 1

INTRODUCTION

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Introduction
 Spring Data is a module of Spring Framework. The goal of
Spring Data repository abstraction is to significantly reduce
the amount of boilerplate code required to implement
data access layers for various persistence stores.
 Java Persistence API (JPA) is Java’s standard API
specification for object-relational mapping. Spring Data JPA
is a part of Spring Data and it supports Hibernate 5,
OpenJPA 2.4, and EclipseLink 2.6.1.

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What Spring Data JPA?
 Spring Data JPA is NOT a JPA provider.
 It is a library/framework that adds an extra layer of abstraction on the top
of our JPA provider (like Hibernate).
 If we decide to use Spring Data JPA, the repository layer of our
application contains three layers that are described in the following:

 Spring Data JPA provides support for creating JPA repositories by extending
the Spring Data repository interfaces.
 Spring Data Commons provides the infrastructure that is shared by the
datastore-specific Spring Data projects.
 The JPA Provider (like hibernate) implements the Java Persistence API.

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Repositories/interfaces
 Spring Data Commons and Spring Data JPA

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Repositories/interfaces
 It contains technology-neutral repository interfaces as well
as a metadata model for persisting Java classes.
 Spring Data Commons project provides the following
interfaces:
 Repository<T, ID extends Serializable> interface
 CrudRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> interface
 PagingAndSortingRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> interface
 QueryDslPredicateExecutor interface

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Section 2

SPRING DATA JPA INTERFACE

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Repository interface
 The Repository<T, ID extends Serializable> interface is a
marker interface that has two purposes:
 It captures the type of the managed entity and the type of the entity’s
id.
 It helps the Spring container to discover the “concrete” repository
interfaces during classpath scanning.
 Let's look at the source code of the Repository interface.

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CrudRepository interface
 The CrudRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> interface provides CRUD
operations for the managed entity.
 Let's look at the methods/APIs that the CrudRepository interface
provides:

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CrudRepository interface
 Let's look at the usage of each method with description.
 long count() - Returns the number of entities available.
 void delete(T entity) - Deletes a given entity.
 void deleteAll() - Deletes all entities managed by the repository.
 void deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> entities) - Deletes the given entities.
 void deleteById(ID id) - Deletes the entity with the given id.
 boolean existsById(ID id) - Returns whether an entity with the given id exists.
 Iterable findAll() - Returns all instances of the type.
 Iterable findAllById(Iterable ids) - Returns all instances of the type with the given IDs.
 Optional findById(ID id) - Retrieves an entity by its id.
 save(S entity) - Saves a given entity.
 Iterable saveAll(Iterable entities) - Saves all given entities.

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PagingAndSortingRepository inteface
 The PagingAndSortingRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> interface is an extension of CrudRepository
to provide additional methods to retrieve entities using the pagination and sorting
abstraction.
package org.springframework.data.repository;

import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;

@NoRepositoryBean
public interface PagingAndSortingRepository < T, ID > extends CrudRepository < T, ID > {
/**
* Returns all entities sorted by the given options.
*
* @param sort
* @return all entities sorted by the given options
*/
Iterable < T > findAll(Sort sort);
/**
* Returns a {@link Page} of entities meeting the paging restriction provided in the
{@code Pageable} object.
*
* @param pageable
* @return a page of entities
*/
Page < T > findAll(Pageable pageable);
}

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QueryDslPredicateExecutor interface
 The QueryDslPredicateExecutor interface is not a “repository interface”. It declares the
methods that are used to retrieve entities from the database by using QueryDsl Predicate
objects.
 Let's look at the methods/APIs that the QueryDslPredicateExecutor interface provides:

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Spring Data JPA Interfaces
 Spring Data JPA module deals with enhanced support for JPA based data access layers.
 Spring Data JPA project provides the following interfaces:
 JpaRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> interface
 JpaSpecificationExecutor interface
 JpaRepository interface:
 The JpaRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> interface is a JPA specific repository interface
that combines the methods declared by the common repository interfaces behind a single interface.
 Let's look at the methods/APIs that the JpaRepository interface provides:

package org.springframework.data.jpa.repository;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;

import org.springframework.data.domain.Example;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.QueryByExampleExecutor;

@NoRepositoryBean
public interface JpaRepository < T, ID > extends PagingAndSortingRepository < T, ID > ,
QueryByExampleExecutor < T > {

List < T > findAll();

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JpaRepository interface
List < T > findAll(Sort sort);

List < T > findAllById(Iterable < ID > ids);

<S extends T > List < S > saveAll(Iterable < S > entities);

void flush();

<S extends T > S saveAndFlush(S entity);

void deleteInBatch(Iterable < T > entities);

void deleteAllInBatch();

T getOne(ID id);

@Override <
S extends T > List < S > findAll(Example < S > example);

@Override <
S extends T > List < S > findAll(Example < S > example, Sort sort);
}

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JpaSpecificationExecutor interface
 The JpaSpecificationExecutor interface is not a “repository interface”. It declares
the methods that are used to retrieve entities from the database by using
Specification objects that use the JPA criteria API.
 Let's look at the methods/APIs that the JpaSpecificationExecutor interface
provides:

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Pagination and Sorting
 Example to access our Products, we'll need a ProductRepository:
public interface ProductRepository extends
PagingAndSortingRepository<Product, Integer> {

List<Product> findAllByPrice(double price, Pageable pageable);

}

 Create or obtain a PageRequest object, which is an implementation of

the Pageable interface
 Pass the PageRequest object as an argument to the repository method we intend to
use
 We can create a PageRequest object by passing in the requested page
number and the page size. Here the page count starts at zero:

Pageable firstPageWithTwoElements = PageRequest.of(0, 2);

Pageable secondPageWithFiveElements = PageRequest.of(1, 5);

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Pagination and Sorting
 Similarly, to just have our query results sorted, we can
simply pass an instance of Sort to the method:
Page<Product> allProductsSortedByName =
productRepository.findAll(Sort.by("name"));

 What if we want to both sort and page our data?

Pageable sortedByName =
PageRequest.of(0, 3, Sort.by("name"));

Pageable sortedByPriceDesc =
PageRequest.of(0, 3,
Sort.by("price").descending());

Pageable sortedByPriceDescNameAsc =
PageRequest.of(0, 5,
Sort.by("price").descending()
.and(Sort.by("name")));

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Section 3

HOW TO USE SPRING DATA JPA INTERFACES

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How to Use Spring Data JPA interfaces
 (1) Create a repository interface and extend one of the repository
interfaces provided by Spring Data.

 (2) Add custom query methods to the created repository

interface (if we need them that is).

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How to Use Spring Data JPA interfaces
 (3) Set up Spring to create proxy instances for those
interfaces, either with JavaConfig or with XML configuration.
 To use Java configuration, create a class similar to the following:

 To use XML configuration, define a bean similar to the following:

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How to Use Spring Data JPA interfaces
 (4) Inject the repository interface to another component and use the
implementation that is provided automatically by Spring.

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Basic Spring Data JPA Flow

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Section 4

QUERY METHODS

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Query lookup strategies
 The JPA module supports defining a query manually as String or have it
being derived from the method name.
 Query creation:
 The query builder mechanism built into Spring Data repository infrastructure
is useful for building constraining queries over entities of the repository.
 The mechanism strips the prefixes find…By, read…By, query…By,
count…By, and get…By from the method and starts parsing the rest of it.
 You can define conditions on entity properties and concatenate them with
And and Or.
 Examples: Query creation from method names
public interface PersonRepository extends Repository<User, Long> {

List<Person> findByEmailAddressAndLastname(EmailAddress emailAddress,

String lastname);

// Enables the distinct flag for the query

List<Person> findDistinctPeopleByLastnameOrFirstname(String lastname,
String firstname);

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Query creation
 Examples: Query creation from method names

List<Person> findPeopleDistinctByLastnameOrFirstname(String lastname,

String firstname);

// Enabling ignoring case for an individual property

List<Person> findByLastnameIgnoreCase(String lastname);

// Enabling ignoring case for all suitable properties

List<Person> findByLastnameAndFirstnameAllIgnoreCase(String lastname,
String firstname);

// Enabling static ORDER BY for a query

List<Person> findByLastnameOrderByFirstnameAsc(String lastname);

List<Person> findByLastnameOrderByFirstnameDesc(String lastname);

}

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Query creation
 Special parameter handling:
 Besides that the infrastructure will recognize certain specific types
like Pageable and Sort to apply pagination and sorting to your
queries dynamically.

Page<User> findByLastname(String lastname, Pageable pageable);

List<User> findByLastname(String lastname, Sort sort);

List<User> findByLastname(String lastname, Pageable pageable);

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Query creation
 Query generated:
 Query creation from method names

public interface UserRepository extends Repository<User, Long> {

List<User> findByEmailAddressAndLastname(String emailAddress,

String lastname);
}

 We will create a query using the JPA criteria API from this but essentially this
translates into the following query:

select u from User u where u.emailAddress = ?1

and u.lastname = ?2

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Query creation
 Supported keywords inside method names
Keyword Sample JPQL snippet

And findByLastnameAndFirstname … where x.lastname = ?1 and x.firstname = ?2

Or findByLastnameOrFirstname … where x.lastname = ?1 or x.firstname = ?2

findByFirstname,findByFirstnameIs,
Is,Equals … where x.firstname = 1?
findByFirstnameEquals

Between findByStartDateBetween … where x.startDate between 1? and ?2

LessThan findByAgeLessThan … where x.age < ?1

LessThanEqual findByAgeLessThanEqual … where x.age <= ?1

GreaterThan findByAgeGreaterThan … where x.age > ?1

GreaterThanEqual findByAgeGreaterThanEqual … where x.age >= ?1

After findByStartDateAfter … where x.startDate > ?1

… … …

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Using JPA NamedQueries
 Annotation configuration
 Annotation configuration has the advantage of not needing another
configuration file to be edited, probably lowering maintenance costs.
 You pay for that benefit by the need to recompile your domain class
for every new query declaration.
 Annotation based named query configuration

@Entity
@Table(name = "USERS")
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByEmailAddress",
query = "select u from User u where u.emailAddress = ?1")
public class User {

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Using JPA NamedQueries
 Annotation configuration
 Declaring interfaces:
 To allow execution of these named queries all you need to do is to
specify the UserRepository as follows:

public interface UserRepository extends

JpaRepository<User, Long> {
List<User> findByLastname(String lastname);

User findByEmailAddress(String emailAddress);

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Using @Query
 Using named queries to declare queries for entities is a valid approach
and works fine for a small number of queries.
 As the queries themselves are tied to the Java method that executes
them you actually can bind them directly using the Spring Data JPA
@Query annotation rather than annotating them to the domain class.
 This will free the domain class from persistence specific information and
co-locate the query to the repository interface.
 Declare query at the query method using @Query

public interface UserRepository extends

JpaRepository<User, Long> {
@Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.emailAddress = ?1")
User findByEmailAddress(String emailAddress);

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SUMMARY

1 • Introduction

2 • Spring Data JPA Interface

3 • How to Use Spring Data JPA interfaces

4 • Query methods

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 Thank you

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35
SPRING BOOT RESTful
WEB SERVICE
Instructor:

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Table Content

•Introduction
1

• Initializing a RESTful Web Service Project

2

• RequestBody and ResponseBody

3

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Learning Goals
 After the session, attendees will be able to:

Know how to write a RESTful API web service with Spring

Boot.

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Section 1

INTRODUCTION

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Introduction
 REST is the acronym for REpresentational State Transfer.
 REST is an architectural style for developing applications
that can be accessed over the network.
 REST architectural style was brought in light by Roy Fielding
in his doctoral thesis in 2000.

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Introduction
 RESTful web services try to define services using the different concepts
that are already present in HTTP. The main goal of RESTful web
services is to make web services more effective.
 We can build REST services with both XML and JSON. JSON is more
popular format with REST.
 It can be accessed through a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)

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Introduction
 Need of REST API
 Sharing data between two or more systems has always been a
fundamental requirement of software development.

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Introduction
 Why Restful
 Heterogeneous[không đồng nhất] languages and environments:
• It enables web applications that are built on various programming languages to
communicate with each other.
• With the help of Restful services, these web applications can reside on different
environments, some could be on Windows, and others could be on Linux.
 Example:

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Introduction
 Methods of REST API
 All of us working with the technology of the web, do CRUD
operations

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Introduction
 Methods of REST API
 Example

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Introduction
 For example, if we want to perform the following actions in
the social media application, we get the corresponding
results.
 POST /users: It creates a user.
 GET /users/{id}: It retrieves the detail of a user.
 GET /users: It retrieves the detail of all users.
 DELETE /users: It deletes all users.
 DELETE /users/{id}: It deletes a user.
 GET /users/{id}/posts/post_id: It retrieve the detail of a specific post.
 POST / users/{id}/ posts: It creates a post of the user.

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Introduction
 HTTP also defines the following standard status code:
 404: RESOURCE NOT FOUND
 200: SUCCESS
 201: CREATED
 401: UNAUTHORIZED
 500: SERVER ERROR
 RESTful Service Constraints
 There must be a service producer and service consumer.
 The service is stateless.
 The service result must be cacheable.
 The interface is uniform and exposing resources.
 The service should assume a layered architecture.

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Restful Web Services and SOAP
 SOAP is a protocol whereas REST is an architectural style.
 SOAP server and client applications are tightly coupled and bind with the
WSDL contract whereas there is no contract in REST web services
and client.
 Learning curve is easy for REST when compared to SOAP web
services.
 REST web services request and response types can be XML, JSON,
text etc. whereas SOAP works with XML only.
 JAX-RS is the Java API for REST web services whereas JAX-WS is the
Java API for SOAP web services.

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REST API Implementations
 There are two major implementations of JAX-RS API.
 Jersey: Jersey is the reference implementation provided by Sun. For using
Jersey as our JAX-RS implementation, all we need to configure its servlet in
web.xml and add required dependencies. Note that JAX-RS API is part of
JDK not Jersey, so we have to add its dependency jars in our application.
 RESTEasy: RESTEasy is the JBoss project that provides JAX-RS
implementation.

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JSON format
 JSON Data - A Name and a Value
var myJSON = '{"name":"John", "age":31, "city":"New York"}';

 Arrays in JSON Objects

{
"name":"John",
"age":30,
"cars":[ "Ford", "BMW", "Fiat" ]
}

 Nested Arrays in JSON Objects

myObj = {
"name":"John",
"age":30,
"cars": [
{ "name":"Ford", "models":[ "Fiesta", "Focus", "Mustang" ] },
{ "name":"BMW", "models":[ "320", "X3", "X5" ] },
{ "name":"Fiat", "models":[ "500", "Panda" ] }
]
}
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Section 2

INITIALIZING A RESTFUL WEB

SERVICE PROJECT

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Creating a RESTful Web Service
 The steps to create a RESTful Web Service with Spring
Boot:
1 Create the Spring Boot Project

2 Define Database configurations

3 Create an Entity Class

4 Create JPA Data Repository layer

5 Create Rest Controllers and map API requests

6 Build and run the Project

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Create the Spring Boot Project
 First, go to https://start.spring.io/ and create a project with
below settings

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Create the Spring Boot Project
 Dependencies
 Web: Full-stack web development with Tomcat
 DevTools: Spring Boot Development Tools
 JPA: Java Persistence API including spring-data-JPA, spring-orm, and
Hibernate
 MySQL/SQL Server: MySQL JDBC driver/MS SQL Server Driver SQL

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Define Database Configurations
 Next, create the database name in database server and define
connection properties application.properties:
 MySQL Server:
## Database Properties
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db?useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username = root
spring.datasource.password = root

## Hibernate Properties
# The SQL dialect makes Hibernate generate better
# SQL for the chosen database
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect =
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

# Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, validate, update)

spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update

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Define Database Configurations
 application.properties MS SQL Server:

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;
databaseName=HumanResourceDB
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=12345678
spring.datasource.driverClassName=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc
.SQLServerDriver
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2012Dialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto =update

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Create Entity Class
 The @Entity annotation specifies that the class is an entity and is mapped to a
database table.
@Entity
@Table(name = "USERS")
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "USER_ID")
private long userId;

@Column(name = "USERNAME", unique = true)

private String username;

@Column(name = "PASSWORD")
private String password;

// getter and setter methods

}

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JSON  Java
 How to convert the JSON object into a Java one and vice versa:
 The spring-boot-starter-web has built in jackson-databind, which helps to
convert JSON into Java object and vice versa.

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Create JPA Data Repository Layer
 @Repository annotation indicates that an annotated class
is a repository, which is an abstraction of data access and
storage.
 Example
public interface JobRepository extends
JpaRepository<Jobs, String> {

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Restful Web Services Annotations
 @RestController:
 The @RestController annotation was introduced in Spring 4.0 to simplify the creation
of RESTful web services.
 It's a convenience annotation that combines @Controller and @ResponseBody
– which eliminates the need to annotate every request handling method of the
controller class with the @ResponseBody annotation

 @Path: used to specify the relative path of class and methods. We can get the
URI of a webservice by scanning the Path annotation value.
 @GET, @PUT, @POST, @DELETE and @HEAD: used to specify the HTTP
request type for a method.
 @Produces, @Consumes: used to specify the request and response types.
 @PathParam: used to bind the method parameter to path value by parsing it.

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Create Rest Controllers
 @RestController annotation marks the class as web controller, capable
of handling the requests
 Example
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;

/**
* Create user user.
*
* @param user the user
* @return the user
*/
@PostMapping("/add")
public User create(@Valid @RequestBody User user) {
return userService.save(user);
}

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Create Rest Controllers
 @PostMapping annotation marks the POST method
 Example

/**
* Create user user.
* @param user the user
* @return the user
*/
@PostMapping("/add")
public User create (@Valid @RequestBody User user) {
return userService.save(user);
}

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Create Rest Controllers
 @PutMapping annotation marks the PUT method
 Example
@PutMapping("/update/{id}")
public ResponseEntity<User> update(@PathVariable("id") long userId,
@RequestBody User userDetail) {

userService.findById(userId).orElseThrow(
() -> new ResourceNotFoundException("User not found: "
+ userId, "404"));

final User updatedUser = userService.save(userDetail);

return ResponseEntity.ok(updatedUser);

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Create Rest Controllers
 @DeleteMapping annotation marks the DELETE method
 Example
@DeleteMapping("/delete/{id}")
public Map<String, Boolean> delete(@PathVariable(value = "id")
long userId) throws Exception {
User user = userService.findById(userId)
.orElseThrow(() -> new ResourceNotFoundException(
"User not found: " + userId, "404"));

userService.delete(user);

Map<String, Boolean> response = new HashMap<>();

response.put("deleted", Boolean.TRUE);

return response;

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Build and Run the Project
 Right click on project -> Run As -> Run on Server

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Test
 Use Postman App to get services:

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Section 3

@REQUESTBODY AND @RESPONSEBODY

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@RequestBody
 The @RequestBody annotation maps the HttpRequest body to a
transfer or domain object, enabling automatic deserialization of the
inbound HttpRequest body onto a Java object.
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/user")
public class UserRestController {

@Autowired
private UserService userService;

/**
* The method to insert a new user into User table in DB.
*/
@PostMapping("/add")
public User create(@Valid @RequestBody User user) {
return userService.save(user);
}
}

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@RequestBody
 Spring automatically deserializes the JSON into a Java type, assuming
an appropriate one is specified.
 By default, the type we annotate with the @RequestBody annotation
must correspond to the JSON sent from our client-side controller:

public class User {

private long userId;

private String username;

private String password;

// setter and getter methods

}

 Here, the object we use to represent the HttpRequest body maps to

our User object.

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@ResponseBody
 The @ResponseBody annotation tells a controller that the
object returned is automatically serialized into JSON and
passed back into the HttpResponse object.
 Suppose we have a custom Response object:
public class ResponseTransfer {
private String text;

// standard getters/setters
}

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@ResponseBody
 Next, the associated controller can be implemented:
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/user")
public class UserRestController {

@Autowired
ExampleService exampleService;

@PostMapping("/response")
@ResponseBody
public ResponseTransfer postResponseController(
@RequestBody User user) {
return new ResponseTransfer("Thanks For Posting!!!");
}
}
 In the developer console of our browser or using a tool like Postman, we
can see the following response:
{"text":"Thanks For Posting!!!"}

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Setting the Content Type
 When we use the @ResponseBody annotation, we're still able to
explicitly set the content type that our method returns.
 We can use the @RequestMapping‘s produces attribute. Note that
annotations like @PostMapping, @GetMapping, etc. define aliases for
that parameter.
@PostMapping(value = "/content",
produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
public ResponseTransfer postResponseJsonContent(
@RequestBody LoginForm loginForm) {
return new ResponseTransfer("JSON Content!");
}

 We used the MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE constant.

Alternatively, we can use application/json directly:
produces = { MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML_VALUE }
produces = { "application/json" , "application/xml" }

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Section 4
RESPONSEENTITY
TO MANIPULATE THE HTTP RESPONSE

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ResponseEntity
 ResponseEntity represents the whole HTTP response: status code,
headers, and body. As a result, we can use it to fully configure the
HTTP response.
 ResponseEntity is a generic type. Consequently, we can use any type as
the response body:

@GetMapping("/hello")
public ResponseEntity<String> hello() {
return new ResponseEntity<>("Hello World!",
HttpStatus.OK);
}

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ResponseEntity
 Since we specify the response status programmatically, we
can return with different status codes for different scenarios:
@GetMapping("/age")
public ResponseEntity<String> age(
@RequestParam("yearOfBirth") int yearOfBirth) {

if (isInFuture(yearOfBirth)) {
return new ResponseEntity<>(
"Year of birth cannot be in the future",
HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
}

return new ResponseEntity<>(

"Your age is " + calculateAge(yearOfBirth),
HttpStatus.OK);
}

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ResponseEntity
 We can set HTTP headers:

@GetMapping("/customHeader")
public ResponseEntity<String> customHeader() {

HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();

headers.add("Custom-Header", "foo");

return new ResponseEntity<>(

"Custom header set", headers, HttpStatus.OK);
}

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ResponseEntity
 ResponseEntity provides two nested builder interfaces:
HeadersBuilder and its subinterface, BodyBuilder.
 Therefore, we can access their capabilities through the static methods
of ResponseEntity.

@GetMapping("/hello")
public ResponseEntity<String> hello() {
return ResponseEntity.ok("Hello World!");
}
 For the most popular HTTP status codes we get static methods:

BodyBuilder accepted();
BodyBuilder badRequest();
BodyBuilder created(java.net.URI location);
HeadersBuilder<?> noContent();
HeadersBuilder<?> notFound();
BodyBuilder ok();

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ResponseEntity
 We can use the BodyBuilder status(HttpStatus status) and
the BodyBuilder status(int status) methods to set any HTTP status.
 With ResponseEntity<T> BodyBuilder.body(T body) we can set the
HTTP response body:

@GetMapping("/age")
ResponseEntity<String> age(@RequestParam("yearOfBirth") int yearOfBirth) {
if (isInFuture(yearOfBirth)) {
return ResponseEntity.badRequest()
.body("Year of birth cannot be in the future");
}

return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.OK)
.body("Your age is " + calculateAge(yearOfBirth));
}

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 Thank you

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44