SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

DETAILED LESSON PLAN

Prepared by Mark Allen Angeles Teaching Date February 21, 2023

Grade Level Grade 10 Teaching Time 7:00am – 4:30pm
Quarter 3rd Number of Hours 2 hours
Learning Delivery Modality Online

I. OBJECTIVES

Content Standard
 The learners demonstrate understanding of how gases behave based on the
motion and relative distances between gas particles.

Learning Competencies
Investigate the relationship between:
1. volume and pressure at constant temperature of a gas
2. volume and temperature at constant pressure of a gas
3. explains these relationships using the Kinetic Molecular Theory

Specific Learning Outcome

At the end of this lesson, students will able to:
● Discuss the postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory and properties of gas
● Perform a conversion of units of Variable of Gas such as Volume, Pressure,
Temperature and Moles.
● Acknowledge the application and importance of Properties and Behavior of
gas in our daily live.

II. SUBJECT MATTER 

A. Topic: Properties and Behavior of Gases

B. Instructional Materials and Devices: Laptop, Power Point Presentation,
Wordwall, Jamboard and Projector.
C. References: Science 10 Learning Material pp. 361-362; 392-393, Science 10
Investigating Life and Beyond a Spiral Progression pp. 248-251.

III. PROCEDURE

Preliminary Activity
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Prayer

The teacher will be asking one of the students One student will lead the morning prayer.
to lead the prayer.
“Please stand-up”

“Dear Lord, please give us strength and

knowledge so that we may understand our
 lesson for today. Teach us to love and respect
each other. This we ask in the name of our
God, Amen.”

Daily Routine

The teacher will greet and will be asking the

secretary to report the attendance of the class,
give an exciting drill to energize the students
and review the past lesson to ensure that
students are able to remember and learn the
previous topics.

a. Greetings

“Good morning class” “Good morning, Sir Angeles.”

b. Checking of Attendance

“Ms. Secretary, who is absent today?” "Good morning, I am glad to tell you that there
are no absent for today.”
c. Classroom rules

“So, before we proceed to our lesson proper, I

wanted you to remember 3 things”

1. Mute your mic – If you have nothing say.

2. Raise your hand – If you wanted to talk or
if you have a concern
3. Look at the Screen – Do not do
unnecessary things while I am teaching.

“Again, what are the three things you need to

remember?” “Mute your mic, raise your hand and look at
the screen”
d. Drill

“Now, are you ready?

“So, Let’s have a quick drill, I have here a “Yes!”
freedom wall and I just wanted you answer
these questions in a creative way. The most The students access the link and will write their
creative answer will be given point” thoughts in the most creative way

Jamboard Link
https://jamboard.google.com/d/1PTDbroVW9h
AkJN6JMYUOud4XMDfBCKvjB_d2_3lG74
M/viewer?f=7&fbclid=IwAR3J2Kp04LDzd-
GaGzIShZUy7xueRvJFYXG48HDMJEEp9m
D22bVUw84_-p0
“I hope that all of you are energized and ready
to our classroom discussion”
e. Review of the past lesson

“Now, let’s test if you still remember our

lesson last week by playing this game.

The student will access the link that the teacher

will give and play the game. Students will access the link and play the game
The top 3 students that finished it will receive
point. Wordwall Link
https://wordwall.net/resource/52873194/lesson
-1-organic-and-inorganic-compounds-and-
biomolecules

“Excellent. I think you have mastered the

lessons that I’ve taught last time, Now let’s
move on and proceed to the second topic of 3rd
quarter”

Motivation
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Fact or Bluff

The students will determine whether the

statement is a fact or bluff
1. Matter is anything that occupy space, has FACT
weight and mass.

2. Volume is directly Proportional to FACT

Temperature
3. The standard unit of temperature is Kelvin FACT
(K)

4. Gas has definite volume and shape BLUFF

5. Gas Law states that all matter is made up of BLUFF

particles that constantly moving.

“Alright, I think most of you have already an

idea to what we are going to discuss today.”

Presentation of Lesson
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
The teachers will state the lesson’s objective
before discussing the lesson.

At the end of the lesson, the students are

expecting to:
  Discuss the postulates of kinetic
molecular theory and properties of gas
 Perform a conversion of units of
variable of gas such as volume,
pressure, temperature and moles.
 Acknowledge the application and
importance of properties and behavior
in our daily live.

“In your own words, how will you define

MATTER?” Matter is anything that occupy space, has
weight and mass.
“Very good. Everything around us are matter,
and these matters are made up of small
particles.”

“Moving on, I have here different picture; can

you describe and differentiate each of them?” The particles of the first photo are tightly
packed together. The particles of the second
photo are settle at the bottom of the
container. The particles of the last photo are
widely spaced.

“Exactly. These particles describe the three

phases of matter. Can you guess what are
these?” The three phases of matter are Solid, Liquid
and Gas.
“Good job. So, based on your prior knowledge
what are the characteristics of Solid, Liquid
and Gas. Let’s start with Solid” “Solid contain particles arranged in a lattice
structure. The particles vibrate in their fixed
“Very Good, what else?” positions.”

“It cannot be compressed because the

“Very well said, Any other idea?” particles are already tightly packed together.”

“They keep their shape and have a constant

volume when they change container because
their particles are in fixed position.”
“Correct, how about liquid?”
“Liquid contain particles that roll around each
other and settle on the bottom of their
container.”
“That’s right, what else?
“The particles are generally slightly further
apart than in a solid.
“Good, any other idea?
It changes its shape when poured into
“I am very impressed, any additional different container.”
information?”
 “They have constant volume but no definite
shape and it is slightly compressible.”
“Excellent, Lastly Gas”
“Gas contain particles that move around very
quickly.”
“What an amazing idea, what else?”
“The particles travel straight lines until they
bounce off other particles or a surface.”
“Much better, any additional information” “Gas particles are widely spaced and tend to
be only slightly attracted to each other.”
“Exactly, all of your thoughts that you have “They fill available space and They are very
said are correct! But now, let’s focus on Gas. compressible.”
There are 6 properties of gas, can you guess
what are these by looking at the picture that I’ll
be presenting.”

First Picture
Expansion

“Correct. When we say expansion, what do we

mean by this? The ability of gas to take up the space of
their container
“Very Good, can you guess what it is?”

Second Picture
Fluidity

“Very Well said. When we fluidity, what do

we mean by this?” Gas particles pass through each other since
the interaction between molecules are weak.

“Nice, can you guess what it is?

Third Picture Low Density

“Excellent. When we say low density, what do The gaps between the gas particles are vast
we mean by this? and in comparison, to solids and liquids, the
number of molecules per unit volume in gas
is extremely low.

“Good, how about this picture?”

Fourth Picture Compressibility

“That’s right. When we say compressibility, The volume of the gas can be reduced by
what do we mean by this? applying pressure and lowering the
temperature since just like what I have said
earlier, the gaps between the particles are vast.
“Perfect, now what is this”

Fifth Picture Diffusion

“Good job. When we say diffusion, what do Gas can randomly move from one region to
we mean by this? another, high concentration to low
concentration since gas can have the ability to
takes up space.
“Good Job, lastly”

Sixth Picture
Effusion
“Very well said, when we say effusion, what
do we mean by this?”
Gas can escape through a hole in one region
“Excellent. So again, what are the six into another.”
properties of gas? Can you name one and
define it?”

“Very good, another”

“Expansion which is the ability of gas to take
up space of the container”

“Exactly, what else?”

“Fluidity which means that particles of gas
pass through each other since the interaction
between molecules are weak.”

“Correct, there are 3 more” “Low Density since gaps between the gas
particles are vast, the number of molecules
per unit volume in gas is extremely low.”

“Compressibility that means the volume of

“Very Commendable, another” the gas can be reduced by applying pressure
and lowering the temperature.”

“Diffusion which refers to the Random

movement of gas from one region to another,
“Amazing, lastly”
high concentration to low concentration.”

“Effusion which means gasses can escape

through a hole in one region into another”

“Kinetic Molecular Theory is a theory that

states that all matter is made up of particles
“Looks like you have understood the that constantly moving. (Kinetic means
properties of gas. Now let’s move on and movement or motion, and Molecular means
discuss the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gas. particles)”
Let’s start by defining Kinetic Molecular
Theory base on you researchers”
“Gas molecules are always in constant motion
“Very well said. So, there are gas have in a straight direction and they frequently
postulates on kinetic molecular, lets discuss it collide with one another and with the walls
one by one. First is that gases consist of of the container.”
particles in constant motion, what do we
mean by this? “Gases are composed of molecules the
“Correct, what about gases are mostly empty distances from one molecule to other
space?” molecules are far greater than the molecules’
dimension. These molecules can be considered
as spherical bodies which possess negligible
mass and volume.”

“Collision among molecules is perfectly

 elastic, that is, no energy of gas particle is lost
“That’s right, what about particles exert when it collides with other particles or with the
pressure when colliding with the walls of the container.”
container?”
“There is a neither attractive or repulsive
force between or among gas molecules.”

“Well explained, how about particles don’t “The movement of gas molecules is affected
attract?” by temperature. The average kinetic energy
of the molecules is directly related to the
temperature of gas.
“Good job, lastly molecular speed is
proportional to temperature” “Volume refers to the three-dimensional
space enclosed by the walls of the container. “

“Great explanation, now let’s proceed to the

Variable of Gases. We have four variables
namely Volume, Pressure, Temperature and
Mole. Based on your research was are these
starting with volume?”

“Very well said. The standard unit of volume is

cubic meters (cm3) but in Gas Law it is
necessary to use Liter(L) as a standard unit.
So, by using these table we can easily convert
units in Volume”

Answer:
1. 556700 dm3
2. 0.9953 cL
“Now let’s try to convert these units of 3. 5336 cm
3

volume” “Pressure refers to to the force exerted per

unit area. In gas, it is produced by the
1. 5567 kL to dm 3 molecules colliding with the walls of its
2. 9953 cL to hL container.”
3. 5336 mL to cm 3

“All of your answers are correct. Now let’s

proceed to Pressure, based on your assignment
what is pressure?”

“Great, the standard unit of Pressure is Answer:

Atmospheric Pressure (atm). We can convert 1. 810.4 kPa
the units of pressure by these table” 2. 2280 Torr
3. 63 atm

“Temperature refers to the degree of hotness

and coldness”
“Now let’s try to convert these units of
pressure”

1. 8 atm to kPa
2. 303975 Pa to Torr
3. 4788 cmHg to atm

“All of your answers are correct. Now let’s

proceed to Temperature, based on your
assignment what is Temperature?

“Nice answer. The standard unit of temperature Answer:

is Kelvin (K) and using this table you will 1. 318.15 K
know the formula for the conversion of unit of 2. 280.37 K
temperature” 3. 72 C˚

“Moles refers to the unit of measurement to

express the amount of substance present in a
“Now let’s try to convert these units of chemical.”
Temperature”

1. 45 C˚ to K
2. 45 F˚ to K
3. 345.15 K to C˚

“All of your answers are correct. Now let’s

proceed to Moles, based on your assignments
what is mole?”

“Very Good. The standard unit of moles is “The mass of a compound can be determined
moles (mol) but sometime it is expressed in by adding the atomic mass of the element
grams (g). To convert moles to gram or vice times on the amount of that element in a
versa, this is the formula” compound"
mass of a compound
givenmol of compound x
1 mol

1mol
givenmass of compound x
mass of compound

“So, how do we get the mass of a compound?

Can anybody guess it?”

“Excellent, here is an example: Find the mass

of H2o”
“We have 2 Hydrogen atom and 1 Oxygen
atom in H2o. The atomic mass of Hydrogen is
1 and the atomic mass of oxygen is 16.
2(1) + 1(16) = 18 g of H2o
And 18 g of H2o is equal to 1 mole of H2o.”

“To memorize the mass of the first 20

Answer
elements, I have here a video that would help
1. 58 g of NaCl
you.”
2. 1.49 mol of NaCl
Video Link 3. 44 g of CO2
https://www.youtube.com/watch? 4. 66.44 g of CO2
v=0hMP45xgkQ4

“Now let’s try to convert these units of mole”

1. Find the mass of NaCl

2. Convert 86.5 g of NaCl to mol
3. Find the mass of CO2
4. Convert 1.51 mol of CO2 to grams

Application
“Now that you have understand the concepts in
Properties and Behavior of Gas, let’s take a
short Activity.

I. Identify what is being describe in each item.

1. The ability of to reduced its volume. Answer

2. This theory states that all matter is made up 1. Compressibility
of particles that constantly moving. 2. Kinetic Molecular Theory
3. It is anything that occupy space, has weight
and mass.
3. Matter
4. True or False: Gas move randomly in a
curved direction. 4. False
5. It refers to the degree of hotness and
coldness 5. Temperature

Generalization and Valuing

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
“Based on the result of the activity, I can say Matter is anything that occupy space, has
that you have already master the lesson for weight and mass. It has 3 Phases, Solid,
today. Before we proceed to the Assessment Liquid, and Gas. The particles of solid are
and Quiz, can someone share what they have tightly packed together. In result it keeps
learn today?” their shape and have a constant volume. The
particles of liquid roll around each other and
 settle on the bottom of their container. It
has constant volume but no definite shape
and it is slightly compressible. Lastly, gas,
particles travel straight lines until they
bounce off other particles or a surface.

Kinetic Molecular Theory is a theory that

“What an explanation, you deserve a clap.
states all matter is made up of particles that
Next, Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory
constantly moving. According to this law,
of Gas?”
gas is consisting of particles in constant
motion, gas is mostly empty space, particles
exert pressure when colliding with the
container, particles don’t attract and
molecular speed is proportional to
temperature.
Expansion – Take up space of the container.
“Perfect, Now enumerate and explain briefly Fluidity – Particles pass through each other
the properties of gas?” since the interaction between molecules are
weak.
Low density – Gaps between gases particles
are vast.
Compressibility – The volume of the gas can
be reduced.
Diffusion – Random movement of gas from
one region to another, high concentration to
low concentration.
Effusion – Gases escape through a hole in one
region into another

“Volume refers to the three-dimensional

“Well explained, how about the variables of space enclosed by the walls of the container.
gas?” Pressure refers to to the force exerted per
unit area. In gas, it is produced by the
molecules colliding with the walls of its
container. Temperature refers to the degree
of hotness and coldness. Moles refers to the
unit of measurement to express the amount
of substance present in a chemical.”

“Now that we thoroughly discuss the can “Studying these is very important concepts
someone in the class explain why we need to that we may use in our daily lives such as. ”
study this?

“That’s a meaningful explanation!”

IV. EVALUATION
 Quiz
I. CONVERT: Solve the following.
1. 67 F˚ to K
2. 5790 dm3 to kL
3. 4788 mmHg to torr
4. Find the mass of NaOH
5. Convert 86.5 g of NaOH to mol

II. TRUE OR FALSE: Write TRUE if the UNDERLINED word in the statement is correct. If
it is false, replace it with the correct word to make the statement correct.
6. When gases escape through a hole in one region into another, it is called Diffusion
7. Kinetic Molecular Theory states that particles are constantly moving.
8. Gasses are slightly apart from each other
9. Pressure refers to to the force exerted per unit area.
10. Speed of Molecules is affected by temperature

V. ASSIGNMENT

Take Home Activity

Instruction: As a section, bring the following materials.

A. Boyle’s Law Experiment

3 Syringe 50mL
3 Small Circular balloons

B. Charles’ Law Experiment

3 Circular balloons
Glass
Hot water
Ice Box
Ice

C. Gay-Lussac’s Law Experiment

Color Dye/ Food Dye
3 Candles
Lighter
Shallow container
Water
Glass

Prepared by:

MARK ALLEN C. ANGELES

PST in Grade 10 Science

Checked by:
JERICHO S. LAQUESTA
Cooperating Teacher