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147 views10 pagesS1B Probability Tutorial
tutorial
Uploaded by
wee wooCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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/ 10
RAFFLES INSTITUTION
H2 Mathematics (9758)
2017 Year 6
“Tutorial SI
‘A (Basic Questions)
1 Events A and B are such that P(A)=04, PCB] A)=0.7, P(A B) = 03
Probability
Find (i) PAM), Gi) PCB).
1c, with a reason, whether or not A and Hare
(a) mutually exclusive events,
(b) independent events
[0.28 (i) 0.58)
2 PUNB) =
2 Itis given that events A and B are independent and P(AU B)
Calculate PB), (Gi
8
P(A), Gil) PCAN), iv) PATO
pM ea ae a. AL
Os OG ii) 8 (iv) as!
3 Write the following using probability notations,
B eg. P)=P(A).
A
4 < On
Pees
< of < B Gi) Pr
° a (iil) Pips + P2Ps
Ps
Gv) P+ PA Ps)
{@P@14)
P(ANB) (iii) PB’) (iv) P(AUB)]
4 __ A fair die is thrown, and if the result is 2, 3, 4 or 5, that result is the score. If the result is
1 or 6, the die is thrown a second time and the sum of the two numbers resulting from
both throws is the score. Events 4 and B are defined as follows:
A: the score is 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9,
B:: the die is thrown two times.
Find @ P(4|B), (ii) P(A), (iii) PCB] A").
Bact pe = ys
‘Tutorial S1B: Probability
Page 1 of 10, Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2017 Year 6
Section B dard Questions)
5
9233/2000/02/Q11
Ina probability experiment, three containers have the following contents
A jar contains 2 white dice and 3 black dice.
A white box contains 5 red balls and 3 green balls.
A black box contains 4 red balls and 3 green balls.
One die is taken at random from the jar. If the die is white, two balls are tiken fron
white box, at random and without replacement. If the dic is black, two balls ate
from the black box, at random and without replacement Events Wand Mf are
as follows,
W: A white die is taken from the jar.
Af: One red ball and one green ball are obtained
15
Show that P(A [I”) © = 2
how that PAI) = 3 (2)
fined
Find, giving each of your answers as an exact fraction in its lowest terms,
MPM AW), Gi) POV IAD), Gil) PIV). (1,5, 3)
All the dice and balls are now placed in a single container, and four objects arc taken at
random, each object being replaced before the next one is taken. Find the probability that
one object of each colour is obtained. BI
26/35, 243/5000]
1@ 3/14, (i) 5/13, (i
9740/2009/021Q7
‘A company buys p% of its electronic components from supplier A and the remaining
(100 - p)% from supplier B. The probability that a randomly chosen component supplied
by 4 is faulty is 0.05. The probability that a randomly chosen component supplied by B
is faulty is 0.03.
(Given that p = 25, find the probability that a randomly chosen component is
faulty. 22]
(i) Fora general value of p, the probability that a randomly chosen component that is
faulty was supplied by A is denoted by f (p). Show that f(p) = Cae
Prove by differentiation that f is an increasing function for0< p<100 , and
explain what this statement means in the context of the question. (6
[@ 0.035)
‘Tutorial STB: Probability
Page 2 of 10 Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2017 Year 6
7 SAJC Prelim 9740/2010/02/Q7
(@) 4 & Bare two events with non-zero probability. Explain if each of the following
Statements is necessarily true, necessarily false, or neither necessarily tre nor
necessarily false.
@ If A & Bare mutually exclusive, then they are independent. 0
(ii) IfA & Bare independent, then they are mutually exclusive. ry
(&) A teacher brings 4 black, 3 blue, 2 red and 1 green markers to the classroom for
cach of his lessons. Unknown to him, the probabilities that a black, blue, red or green
marker is out of ink are, rs Pp. 4P and gPrespeativey, where 0< p P(R=r+1), show that + satisfies the inequality
(r+ 1)1(17-F)9-r)1(r + 3)!> r1(18-r)(10—r)'(r-+2)!
And use this
equality to find the value of r. 15}
[0.0941 (ii) 6}
9740/2012/02/Q5
The probability that a hospital patient has a particular disease is 0.001. A test for the
disease has probability p of giving a positive result when the patient has the disease, and
equal probability p of giving a negative result when the patient does not have the disease.
A patient is given the test.
(i) Given that p = 0.995, find the probability that
(a) the result of the test is positive, RI
(b) the patient has the disease given that the result of the test is positive. [2]
Gi) It is given instead that there is a probability of 0.75 that the patient has the disease
given that the result of the testis positive. Find the value of p, giving your answer correct
to 6 decimal places. BI
[G(@) 0.00599 (b) 0.166 (ii) 0.999666]
9740/2012/02/Q7
A group of fifteen people consists of one pair of sisters, one set of three brothers and ten
other people. The fifteen people are arranged randomly in a line.
(i) Find the probability that the sisters are next to each other. 2)
(ii) Find the probability that the brothers are not all next to one another. 2
(iii)Find the probability that the sisters are next to each other and the brothers are all
next to one another. 2)
(iv)Find the probability that cither the sisters are next to each other or the brothers are all
next to one another or both RI
Instead the fifteen people are arranged in a circle.
(¥) Find the probability that the sisters are next to each other. rr]
2 uy 43 yt]
455 2B 7
‘Tutorial SID: Probabiiy
Page 4 of 10 Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2017 Year 6
12
13
14
9740/2013/02/Q8
For events 4 and Bit is given that P(A) = 0.7, P(B | A”) = 0.8 and P(4 | B’) = 0.88. Find
@ P(BOA), O)
) PAN), 2)
BI
[0.24 i) 0.06 (ili) 0.26)
9740/2014/02/Q10
‘A game has three sets of symbols, and one symbol from cach set is randomly chosen to
be displayed on each tum. The symbols are as follows:
Settl t++++xxxoo*
St2 +++xoo0o00% *
Set3 +4xxxxo000*
For example, if'a + symbol is chosen from set 1, a 0 symbol is chosen from set 2 and a *
symbol is chosen from set 3, the display would be + 0 *.
@ Find the probability that, on one tum,
(@) * * * is displayed, 0)
(b) at least one * symbol is displayed, RI
(©) two x symbols and one + symbol are displayed, in any order. BI
(i) Given that exactly one of the symbols displayed is *, find the probability that the
other two symbols are + and 0. 14]
= 1 44 29 7
i)(a) — (b) — (c) — (ii) —
{o@) 500 © 125 © 500 o 306 }
9740/2015/02/Q9
For events A, B and C it is given that P(A) = 0.45, P(B) = 0.4, P(C) = 0.3 and
P(AN BOC) = 0.1, It is also given that events A and B are independent, and that events
Aaand C are independent.
(@ Find P(B] A). ou
Given also that events B and C are independent, find P(A’ B' AC’). BI
(iii) Given also that events B and C are not independent, find the greatest and least
possible values of P(A'A B'NC’). (4
[G 0.4 Gi) 0.185 (ii) 0.165, 0.33]
‘Tutorial SIB: Probability
Page 5 of 10 Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2017 Year 6
Section C (Challenging Questions / Extensions)
15
Section D
1
Modelling
Anum contains m white balls and n black balls.
(@)___ Ifarandom sample of size r is chosen, what is the probability that it will contain
exactly & white balls, if balls are selected
(@ with replacement, (ii) without replacement,
(b) Balls are randomly selected one at a time until a white one is obtained. Each ball
is replaced before the next one is selected. Find the probability that
(i it will take exactly k draws, (ji) at least & draws are needed.
(©) An engineering system with 1 components is said to be a k out of nm system
(kSn) if and only if at least & of the components function. Suppose that all the
components function independently of each other. Given that the probability that each
component functions is p, compute the probability that the system is a k out of m
system.
(@)__A forest contains 20 deer of which 5 are captured, tagged and then released. A
certain time later, 4 of the 20 deer are captured. What is the probability that 2 of these 4
wool) GES oll )e (a5) (Ga)
(2) © SCJove-or@ BI
srs) eee)» OO Cats
9233/51997/02/Q3
In cach turn of a game, a player throws a fair die repeatedly until he obtains a number that
has already appeared in that turn; the player must therefore have at least 2 throws but not
more than 7 throws.
(a) Find the probability that the player has fewer than 4 throws in a tum,
(b) Find the conditional probability that the player has exactly 2 throws in a tum, given
that he has fewer than 4 throws in that turn,
(©) Find the probability that the player has exactly 5 throws in a tum.
4 3 3
> OF OF)
‘Tutorial SID: Probability
Page 6 of 10 Raffles Institution H2 Mathematics 2017 Year 6
2 9233/N2002/02/Q30cither
‘Aroom contains n randomly chosen people.
(@) Assume that a randomly chosen person is equally likely to have been bor on any day of
the week. The probability that the people in the room were all born on different days of
the week is denoted by P
(@ Find P in the case n=3. 2
(ii) Show that P = 2 in the case n= 4 i)
randomly chosen person is equally likely to have been born in any
(b) Assume now that
nd the smallest value of # such that the probability that the people
month of the ye
6 inthe room were all bom in different months of the ye
apn
ree 1(e) Assume now that a randomly chosen person is equally likely to have been born on any of
the 365 days in the year. It is given that, for the case n= 21, the probability that the
