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Separating Components of Mixtures

This document outlines 10 methods for separating the components of a mixture: 1) winnowing uses wind to separate palay seeds from hay, 2) magnetism uses magnets to separate metallic and nonmetallic substances, and 3) sedimentation uses gravity to separate suspended solids from liquids. Other methods include decantation, flocculation, coagulation, filtration, evaporation, distillation, and chromatography, which separate components using differences in properties like solubility, boiling points, and adsorption.

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Anna Dominic De Roma
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77 views2 pages

Separating Components of Mixtures

This document outlines 10 methods for separating the components of a mixture: 1) winnowing uses wind to separate palay seeds from hay, 2) magnetism uses magnets to separate metallic and nonmetallic substances, and 3) sedimentation uses gravity to separate suspended solids from liquids. Other methods include decantation, flocculation, coagulation, filtration, evaporation, distillation, and chromatography, which separate components using differences in properties like solubility, boiling points, and adsorption.

Uploaded by

Anna Dominic De Roma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Methods of Separating Components of Mixture

If elements cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means, while the


components of mixture can be separated by chemical means, components of mixture
can be separated by mechanical means. Some of these are:

1. Winnowing - is a traditional way of separating the palay seeds from the hay
by utilizing the wind of blowing
air.

2. Magnetism - is a process of separating components of mixture of metallic


and nonmetallic substance by using a magnet.

3. Sedimentation – is a physical water treatment using gravity to separate the


suspended solids from the liquid portion.
4. Decantation – method of separating components of mixtures by removing a
layer of liquid, generally one from the settled solid particles. The purpose is
to produce a clean decant (liquid portion), or to remove undesired liquid from
the precipitate (or the layers).
5. Flocculation – one of the easiest way to make a turbid solution clean is by
this process of contact and adhesion where the dispersed particles form a
larger cluster allowing the easy separation from water.
6. Coagulation - using a coagulating agent to remove the impurities of an
unclean or unclear solution. It allows the removal pf suspended and colloidal
particles which is the first stage in solid-liquid separation.
7. Filtration – is good for separating insoluble solid from a liquid i.e sand and
water, sand is the insoluble solid. It is the solid substance left on the filtering
medium called residue, while the clear liquid substance that passes thru the
filtering medium is called filtrate.
8. Evaporation – is used to separate soluble solids from a liquids utilizing heat,
i.e salt solution salt that can be separated from water by evaporation.
9. Distillation – is widely used method of separating mixtures based on
differences in boiling points. The substance left in the distilling flask usually
with higher boiling point is called residue if solid or distill and if liquid while
the substance that passes thru the condenser usually with lower boiling point
is called the distillate. There are different types set-up, namely:
a. Simple Distillation
b. Steam Distillation
c. Fractional Distillation
d. Vacuum Distillation
10. Chromatography – came from the Greek words chroma and graphe means
“color writing” is a method of separating mixtures either in gas or liquid form
using difference in solubility or using the appropriate solvent, the mobile
phase while the medium used to hold the sample is called the stationary
phase. There are different typed of chromatography, namely;
a. Adsorption
b. Partition
c. Ion-exchange

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