KOFORIDUA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT: COMPUTER SCIENCE

A REPORT ON AN INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT AT KWAPS TRAINING

ACADAMY (CCNA)

PRESENTED BY:

NAME: ADOMAKO EMMANUEL

INDEX NUMBER: 04/2020/1515D

DATE: 3th October, 2022 - 25th November, 2022.

 PREFACE
The need for industrial attachment necessitates the creation of a clear image of one's work in the
form of writing by any observant student (a report).

This study is based on data obtained during my six weeks industrial attachment at KWAPS
TRAINING ACADAMY (CCNA).

This covers the activities, my logs and the experience I gained.

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 DECLARATION
This report on my industrial activities at KWAPS TRAINING ACADAMY has been submitted to
Koforidua University of Technology, Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Department of
Computer Science as part of the requirements for awarding the Higher National Diploma (HND).
Here is the result of my binding.

NAME: ADOMAKO EMMANUEL

I.D: 04/2020/1515D

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 ABSTRACT
The purpose of this report is to provide details on the concept of attachment, a description of all
measures taken during attachment, and experiences and problems during the attachment phase.
The purpose of this facility is for students to put into practice all the theoretical material they have
in class.

As a result, I was assigned to KWAPS TRAINING ACADAMY for eight weeks. I was primarily
responsible for keying in motor certificates into the system, document printing and processing,
franking, and document dispatch.

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 DEDICATION
I WOULD LIKE TO DEDICATE THIS WORK TO MY FAMILY WHO SUPPORTED ME
DURING MY SCHOOL DAYS.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my guide (KWAPS
TRAINING ACADAMY) for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement
throughout the course of this thesis. The blessing, help and guidance given by him time shall carry
me long way in the journey of life on which I am about to embark.

I also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to Mr. Kwame Appiah, for cordial
support, valuable information and guidance, which helped me in completing this task through
various stages. I am obliged to staff members of KWAPS TRAINING ACADAMY, for the
valuable information provided by them in their respective fields. I am grateful for their cooperation
during the period of my training.

Lastly, I thank almighty, my parents, brother and teachers for their constant encouragement
without which this assignment would not be possible.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE ............................................................................................................................................................. I

DECLARATION .................................................................................................................................................. II

ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................................... III

DEDICATION ...................................................................................................................................................... IV

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................................................................... V

CHAPTER ONE................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................................... 2

1.2 HISTORY ABOUT CISCO ...................................................................................................................... 3

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF ATTACHMENT ........................................................................................................ 6

1.4 DURATION OF ATTACHMENT............................................................................................................ 6

1.5 BENEFITS OF ATTACHMENT TO STUDENT .................................................................................... 7

1.6 MISSION AND VISION ........................................................................................................................... 7

CHAPTER 2 ......................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.0 ACTIVITIES AND SKILLS (LOGBOOK ENTRIES) ............................................................................ 8

CHAPTER 3 ....................................................................................................................................................... 21

3.0 CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED ........................................................................................................ 21

3.1 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................................... 21

3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 22

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 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Industrial attachment training is an important aspect of Koforidua Technical

University's curriculum, and it fulfills a prerequisite for the award of a Higher National

Diploma in Computer Science Networking Management in part. Students are obliged

to participate in an industry attachment program, during which they are expected to

get additional practical experience to enhance their Technical University program of

study. They are also exposed to the actual world of work and the obstacles that come

with it, which will help them prepare for their future employment.

This paper is the result of an eight-week practical training program I completed as a

student at KWAPS TRAINING ACADAMY. The attachment lasted from the 4th of

October to the 26th of November 2021. Each working day begins at 8:00 a.m. and

concludes at 4:00 p.m.

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1.1 BACKGROUND

Kwaps Networks Training Academy is an IT and Networking Consultancy and

Training firm with the core mandate to train IT

Professionals, Students and persons with the desire to make IT & Networking their

career in the Professional certifications area. The Company doubles as a

Consultancy firm that provides solutions to challenges faced by enterprises,

governments and individuals in the area of Informatics and Data Communications.

It was established in 2006 as just a training outfit, but became fully operational by

regulation in 2011. KNTAGh has partnered a number of institutions to provide IT

Trainings to the less privileged in society as part of its corporate social responsibility,

with a number of District Assemblies as beneficiaries. The Company has built a number

of Scalable Enterprise Networks for Small, Medium and Large institutions, and has

provided numerous Corporate Trainings in the Eastern Region of Ghana and beyond,

affecting Countries like Senegal, Gambia and Togo with Online IT training. Since its

inception has seen not less than 1,000 students of all levels who have taken different

professional certification programs of choice. It is located in Koforidua, Opposite St.

James Hotel (Unique Little Angels School Premises), Off the Main Pensec-

Nyamekrom Rd. E/R.

As an authorized Cisco Academy Training Centre, it provides all entry, intermediate

and advanced Cisco certification trainings in IT Essentials, CCNA Routing &

Switching, NDG Linux, Cybersecurity, CCDA, CCNA Security, Technopreneurship,

Internet of Things etc. It also partners with Microsoft, Comptia for (Network+),

Cyberoam for (CCNSP), for a myriad of Professional Course deliveries. The Mission

of KNTAGh is to "Endow our students with the skillset to become more competitive,
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 effective, employable and resourceful in their chosen career". Our mission is to "Join

forces with other Organizations in IT Research, develop cutting-edge contents, and

provide community trainings needed to solve developmental needs of the less

privileged African"

1.2 HISTORY ABOUT CISCO

Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by Sandy Lerner along with her

husband Leonard Bosack. Lerner was the director of computer facilities for

the Stanford University Graduate School of Business. Bosack was in charge of

the Stanford University computer science department's computers.[15]

Cisco's initial product has roots in Stanford University's campus technology. In the

early 1980s students and staff at Stanford, including Bosack, used technology on the

campus to link all of the school's computer systems to talk to one another, creating a

box that functioned as a multiprotocol router called the "Blue Box".[16] The Blue Box

used circuitry made by Andy Bechtolsheim, and software that was originally written at

Stanford by research engineer William Yeager.[16] Due to the underlying architecture,

and its ability to scale well, Yeager's well-designed invention became a key to Cisco's

early success. In 1985, Bosack and Stanford employee Kirk Lougheed began a project

to formally network Stanford's campus.[16] They adapted Yeager's software into what

became the foundation for Cisco IOS, despite Yeager's claims that he had been denied

permission to sell the Blue Box commercially. On July 11, 1986, Bosack and Lougheed

were forced to resign from Stanford and the university contemplated filing criminal

complaints against Cisco and its founders for the theft of its software, hardware designs,

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and other intellectual properties. In 1987, Stanford licensed the router software and two

computer boards to Cisco. In addition to Bosack, Lerner, Lougheed, Greg Satz (a

programmer), and Richard Troiano (who handled sales), completed the early Cisco

team. The company's first CEO was Bill Graves, who held the position from 1987 to

1988. In 1988, John Morgridge was appointed CEO.

The name "Cisco" was derived from the city name San Francisco, which is why the

company's engineers insisted on using the lower case "cisco" in its early years. The

logo is intended to depict the two towers of the Golden Gate Bridge.

On February 16, 1990, Cisco Systems went public with a market capitalization of

$224 million, and was listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange. On August 28, 1990,

Lerner was fired. Upon hearing the news, her husband Bosack resigned in protest.

Although Cisco was not the first company to develop and sell dedicated network

nodes, it was one of the first to sell commercially successful routers supporting multiple

network protocols. Classical, CPU-based architecture of early Cisco devices coupled

with flexibility of operating system IOS allowed for keeping up with evolving

technology needs by means of frequent software upgrades. Some popular models of

that time (such as Cisco 2500) managed to stay in production for almost a decade

virtually unchanged. The company was quick to capture the emerging service provider

environment, entering the SP market with product lines such as Cisco 7000 and Cisco

8500.

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Between 1992 and 1994, Cisco acquired several companies in Ethernet switching, such

as Kalpana, Grand Junction[26] and most notably, Mario Mazzola's Crescendo

Communications, which together formed the Catalyst business unit. At the time, the

company envisioned layer 3 routing and layer 2 (Ethernet, Token Ring) switching as

complementary functions of different intelligence and architecture the former was slow

and complex, the latter was fast but simple. This philosophy dominated the company's

product lines throughout the 1990s.

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1.3 OBJECTIVES OF ATTACHMENT

The following are some of the major goals of the industrial attachment:

• To determine the student's interest in the occupation he or she intends to pursue.

• To, expose students to work practices that are typically taught at the university

and to offer access to items and equipment that are not generally available in the

university setting.

• To provide students the chance to apply what they have learned in class to real-

world settings, bridging the gap between theory and practice.

1.4 DURATION OF ATTACHMENT

This report is based on the six weeks period of industrial attachment with KWAPS

TRAINING ACADAMY in Koforidua the Eastern Region of Ghana. The duration of

the attachment was from the 4th of October 2021 and ended on the 12th of November

2021. Work begins from 8:00am and ends at 3:00pm each working day. We had to look

presentable and officially dressed every day.

During the eight weeks, we had an effective three weeks of theory and practical, and

the remaining five weeks was for an intensive practical section. This period was very

intensive and interesting, we got the chance to learn and achieve new skills as well.

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1.5 BENEFITS OF ATTACHMENT TO STUDENT

The industrial attachment aims to provide students with a hands-on application of the

theories they have learned. Individual advantages include improving students' chances

of finding work in the business. Through my interactions with my bosses and co-

workers, I have developed a positive interpersonal relationship because of this

attachment.

1.6 MISSION AND VISION

The mission is to endow our student with the skillset to become more competitive,

effective, employable, and resourceful in their chosen career and the vision is to join

forces with other organizations in IT research develop cutting edge content and provide

community trainings needed to solve developmental needs of the less privileged

African.

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 CHAPTER 2

2.0 ACTIVITIES AND SKILLS (LOGBOOK ENTRIES)

We were brief on Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) by KWAPS TRAINING

ACADAMY, on the 3rd of October, 2022 Monday, I was assigned to investigate different
internet platforms.
The skills acquired, was the effective use of browser.

Tuesday, 4th October, I was assigned to share information with Peer-to-Peer technology.
The skills acquired, was the ability to establish who has the right on peer-to-peer network.

Wednesday, 5th October, I was assigned to analysis how network affect us.
The skills acquired, the ability to establish the advantages and disadvantages of how the
network affect us in our daily life.

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Thursday, 6th October, I was assigned to identify how host are identify on the network.
The skills acquired, the ability to configure and use host.

Friday, 7th October, I was assigned, investigate on how small networks grow into bigger
network (PAN, WAN, MAN, LAN).
The skills acquired, the ability to explain the different types of networks.

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 In the second week which started on the Monday, 10th October, 2022, I was assigned to
investigate on network reliability.
The skills acquired, Understanding the following,
1. Fault tolerant.
2. QOS
3. Security
4. Scalability

Tuesday, 11th October, I was assigned to know the latest trends that are changing the way we
interact.

The skills acquired, the ability to understand the following;

1. B. Y. O. D
2. Online equilibration
3. Video and Cloud computing

Wednesday, 12th October, I was assigned to identify basic security threats.

The skills acquired, ability to find solutions to security threats.

Thursday, 12th October, I was introduced to packet tracer.

The skills acquired, the ability to identify network devices on the packet tracer.

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Friday, 12th October, I was assigned to demonstrate basic topology on packet tracer.
The skills acquired, ability to distinguish between physical and logical topology.

In the third week which started on Monday 17th of October, 2022, I was assigned to check
understanding of the cisco IOS access

The skills acquired, ability to connect a console using a rollover cable.

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Tuesday, 18th October, I was assigned to interact with the IOS
The skills acquired, the ability to download and use hyper terminal for IOS interaction

Wednesday, 19th October, I was assigned to secure administrative access to the router
The skills acquired, ability to configure host names, VTY, secret password for the switch.

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Thursday, 20th October, I was assigned change or to give device name on the IOS.
The skills acquired, ability to configure a host name.

Friday, 21th October, I was assigned to encrypt password on the IOS.

The skills acquired, ability to use the service password encryption to encrypt password.

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In the fourth week, which started on the Monday 24th of October, 2022, I was assigned to save
running configuration.
The skills acquired, the ability to do copy run start to save configuration NVRAM.

Tuesday, 25th October, I was assigned to identify interface and configured devices
The skills acquired, ability to configure E0, FA, GE ports, with respective IP addresses.

Wednesday, 25th October, I was assigned to visualize IOS command syntax and prompt.
The skills acquired, ability to the user privilege and globe configuration mode.

Thursday, 26th October, I was assigned to investigate IPv4 addresses.

The skills acquired, ability to understand class A, B, C, D, and E IP addresses.

Friday, 12th October, I was assigned to calculate

a. Number of hosts.
b. Number useable host.
c. Number of broadcast network in a given class.

The skills acquired, ability to use 2n-2, and 2n to establish the size of a partial IP class

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In the fifth week, which started on Monday 31st of October 2022, I was assigned to subnet a
network schemes for multiple scenarios.

The skills acquired, ability to subnet.

Tuesday, 1st November, I was assigned to use subnet schemes for various network
requirements.
The skills acquired, ability to subnet from high host requirements to smaller once.

Wednesday, 2nd November, I was assigned to use the power of 2 to determine the number of
subnets
The skills acquired, ability to identify network and host port.

Thursday, 3th November, I was assigned to find the number of hosts and useable hosts.
The skills acquired, ability to use 2n-2 to determine the number of hosts by subnetting broadcast
addresses.

Friday, 4th November, I was assigned to interchange the subnet mask with the slash notation to
identify subnetwork.
The skills acquired, ability to borrow more host bits for subnetting.

In the sixth week, which start on 7th of November, 2022, Monday, I was assigned to calculate
numbers between decimals, binary and hexadecimal.

The skills acquired, ability to convert decimals, binary and hexadecimal.

Tuesday, 8th November, I was asked to explain MAC in the DataLink layer and describe the
forwarding method.
The skills acquired, ability to use forwarding addressing in ethernet network.
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Wednesday, 9th November, I was asked to compare characteristics of MAC on WAN and LAN
technologies.
The skills acquired, ability to observe and analyze ethernet technologies.

Thursday, 10th November, I was asked to explain how ethernet operate in switched networks.
The skills acquired, ability to identify switching methods and analyze.

Friday, 11th November, I was asked to explain how routers us IP protocols for reliable
communication.
The skills acquired, ability to analyze routing protocols and configuration.

In the seventh week, which started on the 14th of November 2022, Monday, I was asked to
explain the need for IPv6 addressing
The skills acquired, ability to know when IPv6 is used.

Tuesday, 15th November, I was asked to explain how to create flexible VLSMs.
The skills acquired, ability to perform variable length subnetting.

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Wednesday, 16th November, I was asked to compare types of IPv6 addressing.
The skills acquired, ability to apply IPv6 dynamic addressing.

Thursday, 17th November, I was asked to explain the characteristics of TCP and UDP.
The skills acquired, ability to identify TCP and UDP port number.

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Friday, 18th November, I was asked to explain TCP data units and how they are transmitted.
The skills acquired, ability to analyze TCP transmission and acknowledgement.

In the eighth week, which started on 21st of November 2022, Monday, I was asked to explain
the use of DHCP and DNS.
The skills acquired, ability to configure DHCP and DNS.

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Tuesday, 22nd November, I was asked to describe common network troubleshooting methods.
The skills acquired, ability to configure and troubleshoot a network.

Wednesday, 23th November, I was asked to explain why VLANs is important.

The skills acquired, ability to identify network interconnectivity and later operability.

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Thursdays, 24th November, I was asked to explain the purpose of the protocol suite.
The skills acquired, ability to distinguish between VLANs and ACLs.

Friday, 25th November, I was asked to explain the use of spanning tree protocol.
The skills acquired, ability to configure STP.

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 CHAPTER 3

3.0 CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED

There were yet but a few challenges that were encountered. First and foremost,

most of the computers in the laboratory was at fault so we had to take along our

own personal laptops and besides some of my colleague’s laptops couldn’t support

the software that we were given so we had to be pairing most of the times and that

delayed some of the practical works.

Moreover, the internet connection (WIFI) was not strong so it interrupted most of

our zoom lessons, downloads and the practical that required internet connection.

3.1 CONCLUSION
The period of the industrial attachment was a very nice experience which

enlightened me more in the technology world and more. I was involved in a lot of

practical activities regarding what is done in the organization and also with tasks

that were assigned to me. These tasks assigned got each student present engaged

and also in terms of discussions. Valuable knowledge was gained through active

participation and inquisitive learning. Knowledge on how to handle network

problems.

Skills learned included building a good rapport with the staff, confidence in

communication with senior managers and good work ethics. This industrial

attachment proved to be a beneficial and educating experience.

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3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
Due to the educative and beneficial nature of the program, I recommend that all

relevant procedures and measures should be put in place to ensure that the Industrial

Attachment program should be organized yearly to help students to be equipped

about the job market and increase student understanding in the practical field of

their respective courses to improve academic excellence.

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