Karauli Diksha-Yatra Book

nh{kk ;k=kk
le; ls lekf/ rd
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lkWfofuj ifCy'klZ ¼izk- fy-½

uks,Mk&201301
izFke laLdj.k % 2021

ys[kd % vt; ^jeu*
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© yo dq’k vkJe] djkSyh /kke] xzke djkSyh dkuiqj & 21
eksCkkby : 9839861919
¼djkSyh /kke dk ohfM;ks ns[kus ds fy, ;wVwc ij djkSyh ljdkj Vkbi djsaA½
igys vuqHko] fiQj fo'okl
igys vuqHko dhft,] fiQj fo'okl dhft,A ;g ikjaifjd

vkLFkkokn ds foijhr okD; gSA vkLFkkokn esa dgk tkrk gS fd igys vius xq#]
nsoh&nsork] /kfeZd iqLrdksa ;k bZ"V dks fo'okliwoZd ekfu;s] muds crk, ;k fy•s
gq, fn'kk&funZs'kksa] deZdkaM&fof/;ksa dks J¼kiwoZd iwjk dhft,] fiQj lc dqN
mudh Ñik ij NksM+ nhft,A u vis{kkuq:i iQy dh vis{kk dhft,] u vuqHkwfr;ksa
dhA rRi'pkr tks Hkh feyrk gS] mlls larq"V jfg,A blh çdkj lq•h&nq•h gksrs
gq, iwjk euq"; txr vkLFkkokn dh va/sjh xfy;ksa esa jkgsa ryk'k jgk gSA
ogha czãyhu lar Jh vxzgkj ukxjkt th }kjk çfrikfnr

eè;LFk n'kZu dgrk gS fd vKkuh O;fÙkQ deZ djrs le; Lora=k gS] iQy Hkksxrs
le; ijra=k gS] ysfdu tkx`r O;fÙkQ deZ djrs le; Hkh Lora=k gS vkSj iQy Hkksxrs
le; Hkh Lora=k gSA vkJe :ih bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk ,oa vuqla/ku dsaæ] djkSyh
/ke blh fl¼kar ij LFkkfir gSA njckj dgrk gS fd iw.kZ vfo'okl vkSj lansg
ds lkFk vkb;sA ;gk¡ igq¡pdj ;fn vkidks dksbZ ldkjkRed vuqHkwfr gksrh gS]
3
le; ls lekf/ rd
jksx&chekfj;ksa ls rRdky jkgr feyrh fn•rh gS] leL;kvksa

ds lek/ku dk dksbZ çdk'k vkids vanj mrjrk fn•rk gS] rc mls le>us]
ns•us dh dksf'k'k dhft,A dqN fn• tk,] dqN vuqHkwfr gks tk,] dqN le>
esa vk tk, rc fo'okl dh Mksj idfM+;sA blh Mksj ds lgkjs fl¼ gou&ueu
vkfn dh 'ks"k çfØ;k,¡ iwjh dhft,A
vkids fo'okl trkus ds iQyLo:i njckj vkidh lHkh

leL;k,¡] ck/k,¡] jksx&chekfj;k¡ vius ikl j• ysrk gS vkSj lek/ku ds :i
esa lq•n vuqHkwfr;ksa dh iksVyh vkidks migkj :i esa nsrk gSA 'kks/&vuqla/
kuiwoZd ,slk gksuk fl¼ gks pqdk gSA blh vk/kj ij çLrqr ^le; ls lekf/*
rd iqLrd esa dqN lwpuk,¡ nh xbZ gSa] ftUgsa i<+&le>dj vki lkalkfjd dk;ks±
dks Hkh igys ls vf/d dq'kyrk ds lkFk dj ldrs gSa vkSj ;fn vki lk/d
gSa rks tkx`fr dh ;k=kk vkjaHk dj ldrs gSaA iqLrd dks i<+us ds ckn vki HkVd
ugha ik,axs] u vkidks dksbZ HkVdk ik,xkA udkjkRed vkSj vklqjh 'kfÙkQ;k¡ dsoy
vkids eu efLr"d dks nwf"kr djds leL;kvksa esa my>krh gSa] HkVdkrh gSa]
4
igys vuqHko] fiQj fo'okl
jksx&chekjh iSnk djrh gSaA ;gh Hkwr] çsr] ck/kvksa dh laKk gSA njckj loZçFke
bUgha Hkzeksa dks eu&efLr"d ls lkiQ dj nsrk gS vkSj blds fy, dksbZ ra=k&ea=k]
>kM+&iQwad] lEeksgu] ekj.k] mPpkVu ;k oSlh fdlh Hkh rkefld fo|kvksa
dk lgkjk ugha fy;k tkrkA vfirq] ;g njckj f'ko vkSj 'kfÙkQ ds larqyu ds
iQyLo:i iwjh lkfRodrk ds lkFk czãyhu lekf/LFk lar Jh jk/kje.k feJ
th dh ifo=k thou ÅtkZ ds lkfuè; esa ekuoek=k ds fy, lsokjr gSA blh
ds fy, 'kks/&vuqla/ku gSa] ftUgsa Øeokj iqLrdksa ds :i esa çdkf'kr fd;k
tk jgk gSA djkSyh /ke] ,d ifjp; vkSj bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk] ,d vuqla/ku
iqLrdksa ds fganh vkSj vaxzsth laLdj.kksa ls igys gh dkiQh yksx ykHkkfUor gks
pqds gSa] gks jgs gSaA
gfjgj
5
le; ls lekf/ rd
6
Xk.ks'k th ,sls djkrs gSa Jhx.ks'k
dqN Hkh u;k dk;Z djus ls igys Jh x.ks'k th dh loZçFke
iwtk D;ksa dh tkrh gS \ xzaFkksa&iqjk.kksa esa bls ysdj dbZ dFkk,a gSa] tks muds tUe
ls ysdj tqM+h gSa] ysfdu mudk lgh ls vFkZ u le> ikus ds dkj.k lkekU;
tuekul us mUgsa dsoy iwtk&ikB ;k deZdkaM dh vo/kj.kk rd gh lhfer
dj fn;kA x.ks'k th lh/s&lh/s ldkjkRed ÅtkZ ds ços'k }kj dk çrhd gSaA
;fn ldkjkRedrk dk ços'k }kj gh ugha •qysxk rks dksbZ ÅtkZ] dksbZ nsork ;k
dksbZ fnO; vkHkk ços'k gh ugha dj ldrhA vkjaHk gh uhjl gks tk,xk] blfy,
loZçFke x.ks'kth dks ueu fd;k tkrk gS] rkfd lc dqN ldkjkRed gks] 'kqHk
gksA iwtk&ikB] deZdkaM djuk mUgssa ueu djus dk ,d vkLFkkoknh rjhdk gS]
ysfdu ;ksx lk/uk esa blds ihNs ,d cM+k foKku gS] ftldk vke tuekul
dks ugha irk gksrkA
iw.kZ xq#] lar ;k fl¼ iq#"k bl foKku dks tkurs gSa] blfy,
os è;ku&lk/uk ds mPp Lrj dks ik tkrs gSaA djkSyh /ke ds xq#th Jh larks"k
flag HknkSfj;k th crkrs gSa fd tSls ge fdlh fo"k; ij xaHkhjrk ls lksprs
gSa] efLr"d ij tksj Mkyrs gSa rks ekFks ij cy iM+us yxrs gSaA vkidh HkkSags
fldqM+us yxrh gSaA bl fØ;k dks le>us ls Li"V gksrk gS fd vutkus esa Hkh
O;fÙkQ dk iwjk è;ku vkSj tksj vkKk pØ ij pyk tkrk gSA vc ;fn ;gh
fØ;k tku&le>dj dh tk,] ;kfu vkKk pØ ij gh è;ku yxk;k tk, rks
mlds Økafrdkjh ifj.kke vkrs gSaA okLro essa lkspus vkSj è;ku djus dh çfØ;k
;gha ls vkjaHk gksrh gS vkSj bls gh le>us vkSj vkxs c<+us ds fy, x.ks'k th
dk vk'khokZn pkfg, gksrk gSA
7
le; ls lekf/ rd
x.ks'k th dh tks dFkk gS fd czãkaM ds lkr pDdj yxkdj

tks nsork lcls igys vk,xk vkSj thrsxk] ogh nsorkvksa esa çFke iwT; gksxk
vkSj x.ks'k th us czãkaM dk pDdj yxkus ds LFkku ij vius ekrk firk (f'ko
vkSj ikoZrh) ds lkr pDdj yxk, vkSj ;g 'krZ thr yhA ;g lkr pDdj
gh lkr pØ gSaA ftUgsa ge ewyk/kj] Lokf/"Bku] ef.kiqj] vukgr] fo'kqf¼]
vkKk vkSj lglzkj ds uke ls tkurs gSaA ;gh Jhx.ks'k gesa L=kh vkSj iq#"k ds
pDdj ls fudkydj vkRe :i esa vofLFkr dj nsrs gSa] tgk¡ ge uk L=kh jg
tkrs gSa vkSj uk iq#"k jg tkrs gSa vkSj igyh ckj gesa viuh vkRek dk n'kZu
gksrk gSA f'ko vkSj ikoZrh gh v/Zukjh'oj gSaA blh çdkj bM+k ukM+h L=kh vkSj
fiaxyk ukM+h iq#"k dk çrhd gS] fo'kqf¼ pØ rd gh bM+k vkSj fiaxyk dk
feyu gSA ;g fo'kqf¼ pØ Jh x.ks'k th dh lwaM ds uhps gh fLFkr gSA mlds
Åij vkKk pØ f'ko dk LFkku gSA x.ks'k th dh mRifÙk ikoZrh ls gS] ysfdu
cht f'ko esa gS] ftlds dkj.k lHkh xfrfof/;ksa esa fo'ks"k rkSj ij budh çFke
vko';drk iM+rh gSA x.ks'kth dk :i ns•rs gSa rks ;g Li"V Hkh gks tkrk gSA
mudh lwaM tgk¡ ls fudyrh gS] uklk ewy ds Åij ls] og vkKk pØ gh gSA
bl dsaæ ij è;ku djus ls vkKk pØ l/us yxrk gS] è;ku

xgjk gksrk tkrk gS] ysfdu ,slk Hkh ugha gS fd lcls igys vkKk pØ tkx`r
gksxkA cfYd vkjaHk rks ewyk/kj pØ ls gh gksxkA è;ku tc xgjk gks tkrk gS]
;kfu ;g dsaæ ÅftZr gks tkrk gS] rc bl ÅtkZ ds lkFk gh lwaM ds eqag ij
è;ku fd;k tkrk gSA lwaM dk eqag ewyk/kj dsaæ ij gksrk gS ;kfu è;ku nsus ij
iwjh ÅtkZ vc ewyk/kj dsaæ ij dsafær gks tk,xhA blls cgqr gh 'kh?kz ;g dsaæ
tkx`r gks tk,xkA blh Øe esa ;g ÅtkZ Åij dh rjiQ nwljs pØksa ij ys tk;h
tk,xh] fcYdqy mlh çdkj ftl çdkj gkFkh vius lwaM dks uhps ls mBkdj
vanj dh rjiQ djrs gq, vius eqag dh rjiQ ys tkrk gSA ÅtkZ dks Åij ys tkus
8
Xk.ks'k th ,sls djkrs gSa Jhx.ks'k
ds fy, lk/d dks Hkh bruk cy vo'; yxkuk gksxk] ftruk fd lwaM mBkus
esa gkFkh yxkrk gSA blds ckn rsth ls ;s pØ Øekuqlkj tkx`r gksrs tkrs gSaA
okLro esa gkFkh ckgqcy dk çrhdkRed :i gSA Jh x.ks'k

dh 'kfÙkQ eul gSA gkFkh dks è;ku ls ns•sa rks og gj txg cy yxkus ds
fy, viuh lwaM dk gh bLrseky djrs gSaA Jh x.ks'k dh lwaM Hkh bl ije
ÅtkZ rRo dh egk'kfÙkQ ls vksr&çksr gSA vki tc Hkh lk/uk ds le; viuh
x.ks'k :ih eul rRo dh egk'kfÙkQ ls yckyc Hkjh gqbZ lwaM dks ftl Hkh
ÅtkZ pØ ij dsafær djrs gSa] og pØ /hjs&/hjs gekjh
vkKk ds vuqlkj dk;Z djus yxrk gS vkSj /
hjs&/hjs og pØ tkx`r gksus yxrk gS vkSj
dq.Mfyuh Åij dh vksj ÅèoZxkeh jfr
djus yxrh gSA
fdlh Hkh ÅtkZ dk

/ukRed ifjiFk iwjh rjg ls ugha •qyk jgrk]
blfy, Jh x.ks'k th dh bl eul rRo :ih lwaM dk ç;ksx
djds ge tks Hkh 'kfÙkQ cká bdkbZ ls çkIr djrs gSa] og blh /ukRed ifjiFk
ds }kjk gh xzg.k djrs gSaA blfy, bls iw.kZ:is.k •ksyuk vfr vko';d gSA
;fn ;g ÅtkZ ifjiFk ugha •qyk rks vkids ½.kkRed ifjiFk ls vkidh 'kfÙkQ
v/ksxkeh gksdj ckgj tkrh gh jgsxhA iQyLo:i vki pkj fo"k;ksa&Hkksxksa esa gh
yxs jgsaxs vkSj fiNys vU; tUeksa dh rjg vkidk ;g tUe Hkh O;FkZ gh pyk
tk,xkA
vki Jh x.ks'k th dh lwaM ls ladYiiwoZd cy yxkdj tSls

gh vius /ukRed ifjiFk •ksyus esa liQy gks tkrs gSa] oSls gh czãk.M esa
9
le; ls lekf/ rd
O;kIr ldkjkRed ÅtkZ /kjk vki esa rhoz xfr ls çokfgr gksus yxrh gSA gok
:ih czãk.Mh; ÅtkZ rks cg gh jgh gSA dsoy FkksM+k lk Jh x.ks'k :ih cy
yxkdj vius ?kj dh f•M+dh •ksyus Hkj dh nsj jgrh gSA ,slk gksrs gh vki
rktxh ls Hkj tkrs gSaA bl çdkj dgk tk ldrk gS fd è;ku&lk/uk ds fy,
x.ks'k th u dsoy vkjaHk ds fy, iwtuh; gSa] cfYd mudh vkÑfr è;ku dh
laiw.kZ fof/ Hkh gSA bl fof/ dk ikyu fd, fcuk] u è;ku fd;k tk ldrk gS]
u dksbZ xgjs fu.kZ; fy, tk ldrs gSaA fu.kZ; ysrs le; esa Hkh bldh Li"Vrk
gksrh gS] tc O;fÙkQ xgjk fu.kZ; ys jgk gksrk gS rks HkkSgksa ds chp ;g fldqM+u
cgqr ?kuh gks tkrh gS vkSj ;fn mFkyk gh fu.kZ; ysuk gS rks ;gka dksbZ tksj
ugha iM+rkA blh ls r; gks tkrk gS fd vkidk fu.kZ; fdruk lgh ;k xyr
gSA bldk ;g Hkh vFkZ gS fd dksbZ Hkh dk;Z djus ls igys vPNh rjg fopkj
fd;k tk,] vius eu efLr"d vkSj bl vkKk pØ ij iwjk tksj Mkyk tk,]
rHkh Lo;a esa ls ldkjkRed ÅtkZ dk çokg gksxkA ;g ÅtkZ çokg x.ks'k th
ds dkj.k gh gksrk gS] blfy, og çFke iwtuh; gSaA
10
iqLrd ugha] çek.k egRoiw.kZ

leLr fo'o esa ;fn lkfgR; dk rqyukRed vè;;u fd;k
tk, rks lokZf/d lkfgR; /eZ vkSj /kfeZd fo"k;ksa ij jpk x;k gSA /kfeZd
lkfgR; esa Hkh rqyuk djsa rks lcls vf/d lkfgR; Hkkjrh; n'kZu dh lukru
laLÑfr ij fy•k x;k gSA vU; /eks± esa ,dkf/d iqLrdsa gh gSaA ckdh mu ij
Vhdk, gSaA budh rqyuk esa lukru esa pkj osn] 18 iqjk.k] nks egkxzaFkksa] 'kkL=kksa]
mifu"knksa ds vykok vusdksa Jqfr&Le`fr x| o dkO; xzaFk gSaA
;gka esjk vk'k; vf/d iqLrdsa gksus ds vk/kj ij lukru

dks loZJs"B /eZ ?kksf"kr djus dk ugha gS] cfYd vk'k; ;g gS fd Hkkjrh;
euhf"k;ksa us NksVs ls NksVs fcanq ij Hkh cM+s&cM+s xzaFk jps gSa] rkfd lkekU; cqf¼
ls Hkh lc dqN Li"Vrk ls le>k tk ldsA tSls 'kjhj esa dks"k dks ys yhft,
;k pØksa dks] çk.ke; dks"k dks ys yhft, ;k fiQj ewyk/kj pØ dks yhft,]
,d&,d 'kh"kZd ij] ,d&,d fo"k; ij vusdksa iqLrdsa miyC/ gSaA bruh
vf/d iqLrdsa gksuk vPNh ckr Hkh gS vkSj cqjh ckr Hkh gSA vPNh ckr blfy,
gS fd fdlh Hkh O;fÙkQ dh dksbZ Hkh 'kadk ;k mÙkj NwV u ik,] dqN vuqÙkfjr
11
le; ls lekf/ rd
u jg tk,A cqjh ckr blfy, gS] D;ksafd buls cgqr lkjs Hkze Hkh mRiUu gks
tkrs gSa] gq, gSa vkSj gks jgs gSaA vaxzsth esa rks ,d dgkor cu xbZ gS] ¶eksj
LVMh] eksj dUiQ;wtu] uks LVMh] uks dUiQ;wtu¸A
çkphu dky esa ½f"k&eqfu;ksa us yacs&xgjs 'kks/&vuqla/ku ds

ckn xzaFk jps FksA dkykarj esa ,d nks"k ;g vk;k fd fofHkUu laçnk;ksa dk pksyk
vks<+dj tUes dfri; fo}kuksa us mu xzaFkksa dks i<+&i<+dj viuh dYiukvksa
ls muesa dqN tksM+ fn;k] dqN ?kVk fn;kA FkksM+k&cgqr ifjorZu djds vius
uke ls iqLrdsa Hkh çdkf'kr djk nhaA mUgsa Hkh xzaFk uke ns fn;kA ;fn os dksbZ
'kks/&vuqla/ku djrs] dqN u;k •kstrs] fiQj fy•rs tSlkfd eè;LFk n'kZu
ds çfriknd Jh vxzgkj ukxjkt
;g fcYdqy oSlk gh gS] tSlk
th us fd;k] rc ml lkfgR; dk
fd vktdy ijh{kkvksa esa foiQy
Lokxr gh gksrkA ysfdu ns•us esa
gq, O;fÙkQ dksfpax lsaVj •ksydj
vkrk gS fd u rks dfri; fo}kuksa us
ijh{kkvksa dh rS;kjh djk jgs gSa] tks
vius vk/kj ij dksbZ 'kks/ fd;k] u
vius ç;klksa ls mÙkh.kZ gks tkrk gS]
vuqHko ds vk/kj ij dksbZ vuqla/ku
mldk Js; ;s dksfpax lsaVj lapkyd
fd;kA dsoy vuqekuksa] vk'kadkvksa
ysrs gh gSaA vuqÙkh.kZ gksus dh ftEesnkjh
vkSj ppkZvksa ls mBs dfri; ç'uksa
Nk=k ij gh Mky nsrs gSaA
vkSj rdks± dks 'kkar djus ;k fiQj
viuh ekU;rk vk/kfjr laçnk;
ijaijk dks Js"B fl¼ djus ds fy, xzaFk jpdj ;g vuFkZ fd;k gSA
ifj.kkeLo:i vkt fLFkfr ;g gS fd nh{kk] è;ku] /kj.kk]

dqaMfyuh] lekf/ tSls laosnu'khy fo"k;ksa ij Hkh vusd Hkze esa Mky nsus okyh
vusdksa iqLrdsa fcd jgh gSaA blls Hkh vkxs c<+dj dbZ pksyk/kfj;ksa us rks bu
fo/kvksa esa fl¼h djus&djkus ds uke ij Hkh O;kikj pyk fy, gSaA mudh Lo;a
dh dqaMfyuh tkx`r ugha gS vkSj os nwljksa dh tkxzr djk jgs gSaA ;g fcYdqy
oSlk gh gS] tSlk fd vktdy ijh{kkvksa esa foiQy gq, O;fÙkQ dksfpax lsaVj
•ksydj ijh{kkvksa dh rS;kjh djk jgs gSa] tks vius ç;klksa ls mÙkh.kZ gks tkrk
12
iqLrd ugha] çek.k egRoiw.kZ
gS] mldk Js; ;s dksfpax lsaVj lapkyd ysrs gh gSaA vuqÙkh.kZ gksus dh ftEesnkjh
Nk=k ij gh Mky nsrs gSaA
çkphu fo|kvksa vkSj fo/kvksa ds lkFk blls Hkh cqjk crkZo

gks jgk gS] tSlkfd ckS¼ dky esa ,d ckj ra=k fo|k ds lkFk gqvk FkkA ckS¼ksa
dh ,d 'kk•k us ra=k esa iap edkj ;kfu e|] ekal] eRL;] eqæk] eSFkqu dks
tksM+dj ra=k tSls ifo=k foKku dks Hkh bruk nwf"kr dj fn;k Fkk fd lkekU;
tu vkt rd ra=k dk uke lqurs gh nwj Hkkxrk gSA vkSj rks vkSj ftldk f'kdkj
f'ko dk va'k dgs tkus okys eRL;saæukFk tSls ;ksxh Hkh gks x, Fks] vketu
dh rks ckr gh NksM+ nhft,A os Hkh vle esa tkdj HkVd x, Fks] ftUgsa ckn
esa muds f'k"; xq# xksj•ukFk ogk¡
ra=k ds xq# czãyhu lar
ls fudkydj yk, FksA vkt fiQj Jh jk/kje.k feJ th o
ogh gks jgk gSA ra=k ds uke ij Hkh vkè;kfRed xq# czãyhu Jh
nqdkusa py jgh gSaA nh{kk ds uke ij vxzgkj ukxjkt th ls çkIr
O;kikj gks jgs gSa] rks dksbZ dqaMfyuh Kku dh jks'kuh esa esjs }kjk
fd, x, ç;ksx] mi;ksx vkSj
tkx`r djkus dk cksMZ yxk, cSBk
vuqHko ds ckn mUgsa fl¼
gSA ftKklq rks Hkzfer gks gh jgs gSa] ik;k x;k gSA rRi'pkr gh bu
egku fo|kvksa vkSj fo/kvksa dk Hkkjh fo"k;ksa o fof/;ksa dk çdk'ku
uqdlku gks jgk gSA blh ij xgu fd;k x;k gSA
fparu ds ckn ;g iqLrd jph xbZ
gS] rkfd vketu ds Hkze nwj gksa] HkVdko Hkh #ds vkSj fo|k,¡&fo/k,¡ Hkh
lajf{kr jgsaA
blh mís'; ds fy, eSa vius vf/dkj ij ;g mn~?kks"k.kk

djrk gw¡ fd iqLrd esa ftu fo"k;ksa o ftu fof/;ksa ds ckjs esa fy•k x;k gS]
mu ij esjs }kjk bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk ,oa vuqla/ku dsaæ] djkSyh /ke ds njckj
ds lkfuè; esa 'kks/ o vuqla/ku fd;k x;k gSA ra=k ds xq# czãyhu lar Jh
jk/kje.k feJ th o vkè;kfRed xq# czãyhu Jh vxzgkj ukxjkt th ls çkIr
Kku dh jks'kuh esa esjs }kjk fd, x, ç;ksx] mi;ksx vkSj vuqHko ds ckn mUgsa
13
le; ls lekf/ rd
fl¼ ik;k x;k gSA rRi'pkr gh bu fo"k;ksa o fof/;ksa dk çdk'ku fd;k

x;k gS] ftlls Hkkjh la[;k esa vketu ykHkkfUor Hkh gks jgs gSaA ;gh budh
lR;rk dk çek.k gSA
iqLrd i<+rs le; fdlh fo"k; ij ;g çrhr gks ldrk gS
fd mlesa vfr'k;ksfÙkQ gS ;k fiQj dksbZ dg ldrk gS fd ,slk rks geus fdlh
xzaFk ;k iqLrd esa i<+k gh ugha gS] tSlk fd blesa nh{kk ds ckjs esa] pØksa
ds ckjs esa ;k lekf/ vkfn ds ckjs esa fy•k x;k gSA muds fy, ;g vfxze
Li"Vhdj.k gS fd eSaus nwljs xzaFkksa ;k iqLrdksa dks i<+dj bls ugha fy•k gS]
cfYd njckj ds 'kks/&vuqla/ku vkSj vius vuqHko ds vk/kj ij tks lR; ns•k
gS] tks lgh ik;k gS] ogh fy•k gSA
fdlh dks nh{kk xzg.k djus yk;d çR;sd ç'u ds fy, esjk mÙkjnkf;Ro
gksus esa o"kks± yx tkrs gSa] rks dksbZ gS vkSj çek.k ds fy, djkSyh /ke
dk njckj •qyk gh gS] tgk¡ lqcg
dqN fnu ;k ekg esa gh Lo;a dks
ls 'kke rd çek.kksa dh o"kkZ gksrh
rS;kj dj ysrk gSA blh ds ckn
jgrh gSA
mldh vkxs dh ;k=kk vkjaHk gksrh
gS] tks dqaMfyuh tkxj.k] lekf/ esjk ;g Hkh fo'okl
ls gksrs gq, le>iw.kZrk rd] cq¼Ro gS fd iqLrd dks i<+us ;k njckj ls
rd tkrh gSA tqM+us ds ckn lkekU; ls lkekU;
O;fÙkQ esa Hkh ubZ thouh ÅtkZ dk
lapkj gksxk] D;ksafd ,slk gksuk fl¼
gks pqdk gSA njckj esa lcls igys Hkwr ds Hkze vkSj Hkfo"; ds HkVdko dks
gh lekIr fd;k tkrk gSA O;fÙkQ ds 'kq¼ gksus ds ckn gh mls nh{kk dk ik=k
ekuk tkrk gSA blesa fdruk le; yxrk gS] ;g O;fÙkQ dh ;ksX;rk] J¼k vkSj
leiZ.k ij fuHkZj djrk gSA fdlh dks nh{kk xzg.k djus yk;d gksus esa o"kks±
yx tkrs gSa] rks dksbZ dqN fnu ;k ekg esa gh Lo;a dks rS;kj dj ysrk gSA blh
ds ckn mldh vkxs dh ;k=kk vkjaHk gksrh gS] tks dqaMfyuh tkxj.k] lekf/ ls
gksrs gq, le>iw.kZrk rd] cq¼Ro rd tkrh gSA ;g iqLrd bl ;k=kk esa ekSu
ekxZn'kZd dh Hkwfedk dk fuokZg djsxh] esjk ;g fo'okl gSA
MkW ,l ,l HknkSfj;k (xq# th)

14
,d lekf/LFk lar % Jh jk/kje.k feJ
lekf/LFk lar % Jh jk/kkje.k feJ th
lksfp,] ftuds uke ls fo'o dk igyk iwoZt eqfÙkQ/ke

LFkkfir gqvk gS] vkSj ,slh txg gqvk gS] tgk¡ viuh 111 o"kZ dh yach 'kjhj
vk;q esa os ,d ckj Hkh ugha vk,] ogk¡ dSls vkt çfrfnu gtkjksa yksx mUgha
ds uke ij nq•ksa ls eqfÙkQ ds fy, bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk djkus f•aps pys vkrs gSa\
dkuiqj ds xk¡o djkSyh /ke esa jgus okys nks pkj yksxksa dks NksM+ nsa rks lar
Jh jk/kje.k feJ th ds ckjs esa cgqr T;knk dksbZ ugha tkurk] xkao okys Hkh
ugha] xwxy Hkh ughaA o"kZ 1994 esa os lekf/ esa yhu gks x,] LosPNk ls lekf/
15
le; ls lekf/ rd
yhA ra=k ds ?kksj lk/d jgsA lnk lR; dh •kst esa yxs jgsA bruh rYyhurk
ls fd cgqr t:jh gksus ij gh dqN cksyrs Fks] cgqr t:jh gksus ij gh fdlh
ls feyrs FksA 'kjhj thrs th] u dksbZ ihB LFkkfir dh] u dksbZ njckj ltk;kA
fiQj vc D;ksa \ bUgha ç'uksa ds mÙkj bl vè;k; esa •ksts x, gSa] bl n`f"V
ds lkFk fd çÑfr vius jgL;ksa ls inkZ mBokus ds fy, dc] dSls] fdldk
p;u djrh gS \ dHkh larksa&egkiq#"kksa ls ;g dk;Z djkrh gS] rks dHkh MkW
larks"k flag HknkSfj;k tSls lkekU; O;fÙkQ ls Hkh ;g djk nsrh gSA djk jgh gS]
djkSyh /ke blh dk çek.k gSA
dkuiqj dh ujoy rglhy esa xk¡o gS ikYgsiqjA ogk¡ ds

fuoklh Jh f'ko'kadj feJ o ekrk
lnk lR; dh •kst esa yxs jgsA dkark txjkuh nsoh ds iq=k ds :i
bruh rYyhurk ls fd cgqr esa 1883 esa Jh jk/kje.k feJ th
t:jh gksus ij gh dqN cksyrs Fks] dk tUe gqvkA dgrs gSa iwr ds ikao
cgqr t:jh gksus ij gh fdlh ls ikyus esa fn• tkrs gSaA jk/kje.k th
feyrs FksA 'kjhj thrs th] u dksbZ ds ikao Hkh ,sls gh Fks] fdlh ryk'k
ihB LFkkfir dh] u dksbZ njckj esa HkVdrs gh jgrs FksA 'kk;n] vius
ltk;kA fiQj vc D;ksa \ firk ds laLdkjksa dk çHkko T;knk
FkkA firk ra=k fo|k ds tkudkj FksA
blfy, jk/kje.k th dk cpiu
oSlk ugha jgk] tSlk xk¡o ds lkekU; cPpksa dk jgrk gSA os igyh ckj 13 o"kZ
dh vk;q esa gh ?kj ls fudy x,A lR; dh •kst esaA ra=k fo|k esa ikjaxr gksus
ds fy,A vklke çns'k pys x,] ekrk dkek[;k dh lsok esaA dbZ o"kZ ckn xk¡o
ikYgsiqj ykSVsA bl nkSjku ogk¡ dh O;oLFkk esa dqN iQsjcny gqvkA jk/kje.k
th dh ekrk th dks muds ek;ds iQrsgiqj ds xk¡o cfjxoka esa ukuk th Jh
jkeukjk;.k voLFkh dh iSr`d laifÙk feyhA blds ckn jk/kje.k th ds firk
th us fu.kZ; fy;k fd os cfjxoka esa gh jgsaxsA blfy, mUgksaus xk¡o ikYgsiqj dh
laifÙk vius ogha ds ifjtuksa esa forfjr dj nh vkSj cfjxoka vk x,A
16
blh çfØ;k vkSj cnyko esa jk/kje.k th dh 'kjhj vk;q 20

o"kZ gks xbZA firk th us mudh 'kknh djkus dk fu.kZ; fy;k] rkfd nksckjk ?kj
ls u pys tk,aA mez Hkh gks xbZ Fkh] blfy, rRdky 'kknh Hkh gks xbZA ,d iq=k
jRu dh çkfIr gqbZA bdykSrs gh iq=k jgsA ysfdu] jk/kje.k feJ th egt x`gLFk
Hkksx&miHkksx ds fy, gh ugha cus FksA 'kk;n] fu;fr us muds fy, dqN vkSj
fu/kZfjr dj j•k FkkA mUgsa ra=k&O;oLFkk dk lR; •kstuk FkkA os fiQj ?kj ls
fudy x,A ns'k Hkj ds larksa&fo}kuksa ls feyrs jgsA ysfdu] vlarq"V gh jgs]
D;ksafd dksbZ Hkh lar muds ç'uksa ds mÙkj ugha ns ikrs FksA Li"V dj nsa fd ra=k
dk vFkZ çÑfr dh O;oLFkk ls gSA u fd tknw&Vksus ;k peRdkjksa lsA ijaijk esa
ra=k ds lkFk ea=k dks tksM+dj laiw.kZ
O;oLFkk] ftlesa fd vn`'; thou Hkh mUgksaus crk;k fd ri vkSj
'kkfey gaS] mu lHkh ds fØ;kdykiksa lk/uk djks] ;s djrs jgs] fujarj]
dks ns•us&le>us vkSj ekuoh; djhc 30 o"kks± rdA ipkl o"kZ
vko';drk gksus ij ldkjkRed
dh 'kjhj vk;q gksus rd] dsoy
ÅtkZ ls gLr{ksi djus dk fo/ku jgk
gSA ysfdu ra=k&O;oLFkk dh le> u lk/uk vkSj riA bruh yxu FkhA
gksus ds ckotwn iksaxkiafFk;ksa us bls ckn esa xq#ekrk dke# dke[;k
yksxksa dks çHkkfor djus vkSj vius dk laj{k.k&vk'khokZn çkIr gqvkA
fgr lk/u ds fy, ç;ksx djuk 'kq:
dj fn;k] dkys tknw dh rjg lsA jk/kje.k th dks ;g lc rks djuk ugha Fkk]
cfYd ra=k&O;oLFkk dk iwjk lR; le>uk Fkk] blfy, ryk'k esa yxs gh jgsA
blh ryk'k esa vklke çns'k ds dke: dke[;k eafnj igqapsA

ogk¡ ra=k&O;oLFkk ds egkjfFk;ksa ls eqykdkr gqbZA mUgksaus crk;k fd ri vkSj
lk/uk djks] ;s djrs jgs] fujarj] djhc 30 o"kks± rdA ipkl o"kZ dh 'kjhj
vk;q gksus rd] dsoy lk/uk vkSj riA bruh yxu FkhA ckn esa xq#ekrk dke:
dke[;k dk laj{k.k&vk'khokZn çkIr gqvkA bUgsa dqN rlYyh gqbZ] fd dqN
feykA fiQj xk¡o okil vk x,A ;Fkksfpr midkj djus yxs] exj csgn 'kkar
17
le; ls lekf/ rd
rjhds lsA u dksbZ vk;kstu djrs] u dksbZ çpkjA nku pank fdlh ls ysrs ugha Fks]
•srh&fdlkuh djrs FksA dgha vkrs&tkrs Hkh de gh FksA jktuhfrK] vf/dkjh]
O;kikjh] x`gLFk lHkh vk'khokZn ysus cfjxoka tkrs FksA deks± ds vuqlkj jkgr
ikrs FksA blh esa jk/kje.k th dh vk;q djhc lkB o"kZ gks pqdh FkhA blfy,
vc T;knk nkSM+Hkkx ugha djrs Fks] ;k djuk Hkh ugha pkgrs FksA 'kk;n] fu;fr
vuqlkj t:jr Hkh ugha le>rs FksA var le; rd xk¡o ds chp cus feêðh ds
nks •aMh; ?kj esa jgsA lkeus f'ko eafnj FkkA ogha dqvka FkkA ?kj dh Nr ij
r[r Mkydj cSBs jgrsA ogha yksxksa ls feyrs FksA bl rjg ;Fkk laHko midkj
djrs&djrs o"kZ 1994 esa 111 o"kZ dh vk;q esa czgeyhu gksus ;kfu thfor
lekf/ esa tkus dk fu.kZ; fy;kA
os crkrs gSa fd mudk 'kjhj cgqr
dksey gks x;k Fkk] ned jgk Fkk fiQj ?kks"k.kk iwoZd
vkSj •q'kcw vk jgh FkhA lekf/ lHkh xk¡o okyksa dks lekf/ dh frfFk
gksrs gh xk¡o esa dkys cknyksa ds Hkh crk nhA viuh lekf/ Lo;a gh
lkFk vka/h vkbZA xk¡o gh ugha] rS;kj djkbZA lekf/ esa fdl rjg ls
vklikl ds dbZ xkaoksa esa] taxyksa mUgsa cSBkuk gS] D;k&D;k çfØ;k djuh
esa cM+s cM+s isM+ Hkh m•M+ x,A gS] ;g Hkh xk¡o okyksa dks crk fn;kA
ysfdu blds ckn csgn euksuqdwy lkFk gh ,d psrkouh Hkh nh fd
'kkafr gks xbZA lekf/ ysrs gh xk¡o esa vk¡/h&rwiQku
vk,xk] Mjuk ughaA xzkeh.kksa us muds
crk, le;kuqlkj mUgsa lekf/LFk fd;kA os crkrs gSa fd mudk 'kjhj cgqr dksey
gks x;k Fkk] ned jgk Fkk vkSj •q'kcw vk jgh FkhA lekf/ gksrs gh xk¡o esa dkys
cknyksa ds lkFk vka/h vkbZA xk¡o gh ugha] vklikl ds dbZ xkaoksa esa] taxyksa esa
cM+s cM+s isM+ Hkh m•M+ x,A ysfdu blds ckn csgn euksuqdwy 'kkafr gks xbZA blds
ckn bDdk&nqDdk yksx mudh lekf/ ij vkrs&tkrs jgsA mUgha esa muds lcls
fç; f'k"; jgs MkW larks"k flag HknkSfj;k Hkh Fks] tks fu;fer :i ls ogk¡ tkrs jgs
FksA bl rjg 24 o"kZ chr x,A fiQj vpkud ,d jkr Jh HknkSfj;k th dks LoIu
nh{kk nsdj ra=k&O;oLFkk fo|k ls inZs mBkus vkjaHk fd,A yksxksa dks ykHkkfUor
18
djuk vkjaHk fd;kA bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk foKku ,oa vuqla/ku dsaæ] djkSyh /ke
ml Ükà•yk dh gh igyh dM+h gSA
uksV& Jh jk/kje.k feJ th dh iwjh thouh ,d vyx iqLrd esa rS;kj dh xbZ gS]
dbZ çsjd çlax o ?kVukvksa ds lkFkA fiQygky laf{kIr ifjp; ds lkFk muls tqM+h
nks ?kVuk,¡ ;gk¡ çLrqr gSa] Jh larks"k flag HknkSfj;k th ds crk, vuqlkj
ftUgsa xq# cukus x, Fks] os f'k"; cu x,
Jh jk/kje.k feJ
th ckY;dky ls gh lR; dh
feJ th us mUgsa crk;k fd Lokeh
ryk'k esa jgrs Fks] fo'ks"kdj ra=k
th ls feyus vk, gSaA ml lkaoys
fo|k dhA ,slh gh ,d ryk'k esa
vkneh us mÙkj fn;k fd Lokeh
os jktLFkku ds dksVk 'kgj igqapsA
th rks lekf/ esa gSaA nl&ckjg
fdlh us crk;k Fkk fd dksVk ds
fnu ckn fudysaxsA rHkh eqykdkr
ikl fLFkr igkM+h ij ,d NksVk lk
gks ldrh gSA 'kke gks xbZ FkhA
vkJe gSA ogk¡ ,d Lokeh th gSaA os
blfy, feJ th ogha #d x,A
bl fo|k ds tkudkj gSaA feJ th
•kus dk le; gks x;kA
irk iwNrs&HkVdrs gq, muds vkJe
igqapsA vkJe esa ços'k djrs gh ,d
rxM+k lkaoyk lk O;fÙkQ feykA feJ th us mUgsa crk;k fd Lokeh th ls
feyus vk, gSaA ml lkaoys vkneh us mÙkj fn;k fd Lokeh th rks lekf/ esa
gSaA nl&ckjg fnu ckn fudysaxsA rHkh eqykdkr gks ldrh gSA 'kke gks xbZ FkhA
blfy, feJ th ogha #d x,A •kus dk le; gks x;kA rc ml dkys O;fÙkQ
us ,d eqêòh Hkj dPps pkoy gkFk esa fn, vkSj cksys fd bUgsa ys tkvks] ;s
tks >juk cg jgk gS] diM+s esa ck¡/dj mlesa yVdk nksA dqN nsj ckn fudky
ysukA feJ th us ,slk gh fd;kA xtc lk gks x;kA eqêòh Hkj pkoy iddj
iwjh •qjkd ds ftrus rS;kj gks x,A dsoy os gh pkoy •k,A ckn esa crkrs
19
le; ls lekf/ rd
Fks fd og muds thou dk lcls Lokfn"V Hkkstu FkkA jkr gks pqdh FkhA feJ
th lksprs jgs fd mnn~s'; iwjk ugha gqvkA fpark Hkh gqbZA blh fpark esa lks x,A
vxys fnu losjs&losjs rc rd os lks, gh Fks fd os Lokeh th Lo;a ogk¡ igq¡p
x,] ftUgsa lekf/ esa crk;k x;k FkkA Lokeh th us mUgsa txk;k HkhA mUgsa lkeus
ns•dj feJ th dks >Vdk yxk] vk'p;Z gqvkA Lokeh us lh/k gh ç'u fd;k]
D;ksa vk, gksA feJ th cksys fd vkidks xq# cukuk gSA
Lokeh th us dgk fd eSa rqEgsa feyw¡xk ysfdu vHkh rqe okil

tkvksA rqEgkjk fe=k xksih çk.k NksM+ jgk gS] rqe ugha igqaps rks mudh e`R;q gks
tk,xhA feJ th ;g lc lqudj lUu jg x,A njvly] dkuiqj ds tujyxat
ds jgus okys ,d lTtu xksih] feJ
blds ckn dgk fd vc bl
th ds fe=k FksA xksih mUgsa cgqr fç;
lk¡oys O;fÙkQ ds da/s ij cSB
FksA og bUgsa viuk xq# ekurs FksA
tkvksA og fBxus dn dk O;fÙkQ
;g lwpuk lqudj feJ th Hkh FkksM+s
Fkk vkSj feJ th yacs rxM+sA
cspSu gq,A vc D;k fd;k tk, \
feJ th vk'kafdr gq,] cksys
ogk¡ ls rks LVs'ku igqapus ds gh dbZ
;s dSls ys tk ldrs gSa] vHkh
?kaVs yxsaxsA fiQj jsyxkM+h Hkh fudy
fxjk nsaxsA Lokeh th cksys&cSBks
tk,xhA ml le; dkuiqj dh ,d
rks] fpark u djksA gh jsyxkM+h FkhA Lokeh th us dgk
fd bldh fpark er djksA rqe tkus
dk eu cukvks] igq¡p tkvksxsA blds ckn Lokeh th us mUgsa ,d iQwy fn;k
vkSj dgk fd tkdj bls xksih ds ekFks ij yxk nsukA blds ckn dgk fd vc
lk¡oys O;fÙkQ ds da/s ij cSB tkvksA og fBxus dn dk O;fÙkQ Fkk vkSj feJ
th yacs rxM+sA feJ th vk'kafdr gq,] cksys ;s dSls ys tk ldrs gSa] vHkh fxjk
nsaxsA Lokeh th cksys&cSBks rks] fpark u djksA og O;fÙkQ otzklu esa cSBk vkSj
feJ th ekrk th dk uke ysdj cPps dh rjg nksuksa rjiQ dks iSjdj muds
da/s ij cSB x,A Lokeh th cksys& vc vka•sa can djksA vka•sa can djrs gh
peRdkj lk gks x;kA feJ th dks dkuksa esa jsyxkM+h dh lhVh lqukbZ nhA tc
20
vk¡• •ksyh rks IysViQkeZ dh ,d lhV ij Lo;a dks cSBs ik;kA lkeus gh dkuiqj
tkus okyh jsyxkM+h •M+h Fkh vkSj pyus dks rS;kj FkhA rHkh VhVhbZ nkSM+rs gq,
vk;k vkSj cksyk egkjkt vki tYnh ls xkM+h esa cSfB;sA xkM+h NwVus okyh gSA
;s viuk fVdV yhft,] Lokeh th vkidk fVdV nsdj x, gSaA feJ th cSB
x,] xkM+h py iM+hA feJ th ?kVuk dks ysdj vfHkHkwr Fks] çlUu Hkh Fks] fd
brus fl¼ xq# ls eqykdkr gqbZ] ij gYdh lh fujk'kk Hkh Fkh] fd ftl mís';
ls x, Fks] og rks iwjk gh ugha gqvkA xq# us rks viuk f'k"; gh ugha cuk;k ;k
blds fy, le; gh ugha fey ik;kA iwjs le; os ;gh lc lksprs jgsA
(uksV& ;gk¡ dbZ yksx ç'u mBk ldrs gSa] mBk;k Hkh gS
fd tks Lokeh th mUgsa vka•sa can
feJ th cSB x,] xkM+h py
djrs gh IysViQkeZ ij Hkst ldrs
iM+hA feJ th ?kVuk dks ysdj
Fks] os bUgsa lh/s dkuiqj Hkh rks Hkst
ldrs Fks] ,slk D;ksa ugha fd;k \ rks vfHkHkwr Fks] çlUu Hkh Fks] fd
muds fy, bldk bruk lk gh mÙkj brus fl¼ xq# ls eqykdkr gqbZ]
gS fd dksbZ Hkh lar fdlh ekuoh; ij gYdh lh fujk'kk Hkh Fkh] fd
;k çkÑfrd O;oLFkk esa rc rd ftl mís'; ls x, Fks] og rks
gLr{ksi ;k vfrØe.k ugha djrs]
iwjk gh ugha gqvkA
tc rd fd cgqr t:jr u gksA os
Hkh mlesa lkekU;tu dh rjg gh
jgrs gSa] fof'k"Vrk mUgsa ugha pkfg, gksrhA ogk¡ jsyxkM+h esa le; ls igqapus dh
vko';drk Fkh] blfy, mruh gh 'kfÙkQ dk ç;ksx fd;k x;kA)
Jh feJ th] ;gh lksprs gq, dkuiqj igq¡psA fiQj xksih ds

eqgYys tujyxat x,A ogk¡ ns•k xksih ds ?kj ds ckgj rks HkhM+ yxh gSA xksih
çfrf"Br O;fÙkQ FksA blfy, 'kgj ds djhc&djhc lHkh x.kekU; ukxfjd ogk¡
FksA lcds lc ,d çdkj ls mudh çk.k ok;q ds fudyus dk gh bartkj dj
jgs FksA rHkh feJ th vanj igqapsA dksVk okys Lokeh th dk fn;k iQwy muds
ekFks ij yxk;kA fiQj vkokt nh& xksih vk¡•s •ksyks] vHkh rqEgkjs tkus dk
21
le; ls lekf/ rd
le; ugha gSA blds rqjar ckn gh xksih us vka•sa •ksy nhaA vka•sa •ksyrs gh pkjksa
rjiQ ns•k] vpafHkr ls gq,] vkSj cksys fd&bruh HkhM+ D;ksa gS\ mUgsa irk gh
ugha Fkk fd 'kgj esa mudh ekSr dh •cj iQSy xbZ FkhA ysfdu] pwafd muds
tkus dk le; ugha FkkA ekufld&'kkjhfjd fodkj ds pyrs ,d udkjkRed
ÅtkZ us muds 'kjhj dks e`rçk;% dj fn;k FkkA blfy, ejus dh fLFkfr cu
xbZ FkhA iQwy ds ekè;e ls ml udkjkRed ÅtkZ dks ckgj •hap fy;k x;k
vkSj xksih Bhd gks x,A
bl ?kVuk ds dkiQh fnuksa ckn feJ th nksckjk dksVk x,]

ysfdu ogk¡ dksbZ ugha feykA vkJe Hkh ohjku lk gks pqdk FkkA feJ th fujk'k
gksdj ykSV vk,A mlds dbZ o"kZ ckn
ekufld&'kkjhfjd fodkj ds ogh dksVk okys Lokeh th muds
pyrs ,d udkjkRed ÅtkZ us xk¡o cfjxoka vk,A viuk ifjp;
muds 'kjhj dks e`rçk;% dj fn;k fn;k] feJ th igpku x,A blds
FkkA blfy, ejus dh fLFkfr cu ckn Lokeh th cksys fd vki eq>s
xbZ FkhA iQwy ds ekè;e ls ml nh{kk nhft,A feJ th gSjku jg x,]
udkjkRed ÅtkZ dks ckgj •hap vkidks eSa dSls nh{kk ns ldrk gwa]
vki rks igys ls gh fl¼ gSaA ysfdu
fy;k x;k vkSj xksih Bhd gks x,A
Lokeh th us crk;k fd fof/ us
vkidks esjk xq# fu/kZfjr fd;k Fkk]
rks fiQj eSa vkidk xq# dSls cu ldrk FkkA esjs fy, vkids f'k"; dh inoh
gh fu/kZfjr FkhA og gh inoh ek¡xus ;gk¡ vk;k gw¡A feJ th eqLdjk, vkSj mUgsa
f'k"; Lohdkj dj fy;kA
dky rs •k, yfxgSa
;g nwljh ?kVuk gSA MkW larks"k HknkSfj;k dSls Jh jk/kje.k feJ

th ls feys vkSj D;k gqvk \ fdlh laLdkjo'k larks"k HknkSfj;k Hkh ckY;dky
ls gh lar egkRekvksa dh rjiQ vkdf"kZr gksrs jgs FksA vè;kRe esa T;knk eu
22
yxrk Fkk] ysfdu xk¡o lekt dk ekgkSy ,slk Fkk fd mudh ewy pkgr dgha
nch gh jg tkrh Fkh ;k 'kk;n vè;kRe esa tkus dk le; ugha vk;k FkkA fiQj
Hkh >qdko rks cuk gh jgrk FkkA blh >qdko ds pyrs vius vki ls dqN&dqN
ç;ksx djrs jgrs FksA dHkh è;ku djus yx tkrs FksA dHkh nwljs ozrA pwafd dksbZ
xq# ugha Fks] blfy, fn'kk Hkh r; ugha FkhA fiQj Hkh Lo ç;klksa esa dksbZ deh
ugha FkhA djhc 18 o"kZ dh vk;q esa gh ;g ozr ys fy;k fd os thou Hkj
vUu xzg.k ugha djsaxsA dsoy iQy ;k ouLifr gh •kdj thfor jgsaxsA djhc
nks o"kZ gks x,A pwafd ftlesa tSlh ço`fÙk gksrh gS] mls oSls gh yksx Hkh feyrs
tkrs gSa vkSj fn'kk Hkh mlh çdkj dh r; gksrh tkrh gSA mlh vk/kj ij ,d
igpku&lEeku dk Hkh vyx LFkku
cu tkrk gSA blh vkyksd esa dkuiqj fiQj Hkh Lo ç;klksa esa dksbZ
ds fe=k c`ts'k voLFkh us mUgsa crk;k deh ugha FkhA djhc 18 o"kZ dh
fd gekjs ,d xq# gSa] Jh jk/kje.k vk;q esa gh ;g ozr ys fy;k fd
feJ thA iQrsgiqj ds cfjxoka xk¡o
os thou Hkj vUu xzg.k ugha
esa jgrs gSaA cgqr igqaps gq, lar gSaA
djsaxsA dsoy iQy ;k ouLifr
f=kdkyn'khZ gSaA tks cksy nsrs gSa] ogh
gks tkrk gSA eryc] •wc ç'kalk dh gh •kdj thfor jgsaxsA djhc nks
feJ th dhA HknkSfj;k th ds eu esa o"kZ gks x,A
muls feyus dh rhoz mRdaBk gks xbZA
fiQj vxys gh fnu os feyus pys x,A gYdh lnhZ dk ekSle FkkA nqxkZ v"Veh
dk fnu FkkA ekSle lqgkouk Fkk] eu Hkh •q'k FkkA muds xk¡o igq¡p x,A ?kj
igqaps] feJ th vius dPps edku dh Nr ij r[r ij vk¡•sa can fd, cSBs FksA
nks&pkj yksx vkSj cSBs Fks] nk,¡&ck,¡A lc 'kk¡r FksA c`ts'k voLFkh o HknkSfj;k
th us tkdj naMor ç.kke fd;k vkSj cSB x,A feJ th us vk¡•sa gh ugha
•ksyhA dqN nsj ckj c`ts'k voLFkh us mUgsa crk;k fd muds fe=k gSa HknkSfj;k
thA dkuiqj ds gSa] cM+s HkfÙkQ Hkko okys gSaA thou Hkj vUu u •kus dk ozr ys
j•k gSA vkids n'kZu ds fy, vk, gSaA feJ th igys dh gh Hkkafr vk¡•sa can
fd, cSBs jgs] tSls dqN lquk gh ughaA dqN Hkh uksfVl ugha fy;kA dsoy 'kkar
23
le; ls lekf/ rd
cSBs jgsA voLFkh dks ;g vPNk ugha yx jgk Fkk fd feJ th bruh vuns•h
D;ksa dj jgs gSaA HknkSfj;k th ls rks utjsa gh ugha feyk ik jgs FksA pkj&ik¡p
feuV ckn voLFkh fiQj mBs vkSj feJ th ds dku ds lehi x,A mUgsa yxk
fd mez ds pyrs feJ th dqN de lquus yxs gSaA gks ldrk gS] mUgsa vkus dk
irk gh u pyk gks ;k fiQj lquk gh u gksA fiQj FkksM+k tksj ls cksys fd gekjs
fe=k gSa HknkSfj;k th] HkfÙkQHkko okys gSa] vkidk vk'khokZn ysus vk, gSaA thou
Hkj vUu u •kus dk ozr ys j•k gSA feJ th us fiQj Hkh vk¡•sa ugha •ksyha ij
dqN {k.k ckn vo/h fefJr xaobZ cksyh esa dqN 'kCn dgs&dsoy ,d okD;]
fd dky rs •k, yfxgSa] ;kuh dy ls •kus yxsaxsA
vc bruk lqurs
fiQj FkksM+k tksj ls cksys fd gekjs
fe=k gSa HknkSfj;k th] HkfÙkQHkko gh HknkSfj;k th dk rks vanj gh
okys gSa] vkidk vk'khokZn ysus vanj ikjk p<+ x;k] Øks/ vkus yxkA
vk, gSaA thou Hkj vUu u •kus voLFkh dks b'kkjk fd;k] pyks ;gk¡
dk ozr ys j•k gSA feJ th us fiQj ls] rqjarA eu gh eu dg jgs Fks fd
Hkh vk¡•sa ugha •ksyha ij dqN {k.k bu ckck dks dqN ugha irkA varr%
ckn vo/h fefJr xaobZ cksyh esa cseu ls voLFkh Hkh mB vk,A feJ
dqN 'kCn dgs&dsoy ,d okD;] th us vka•sa Hkh ugha •ksyha] u jksdkA
fd dky rs •k, yfxgSaA ?kj ls fudyrs gh HknkSfj;k th] fe=k
voLFkh ij ukjktxh ls p<+ cSBs]
dgk¡ ys vk,A crkb;s] nks lky ls dqN ugha •k;k] vkSj ;s dg jgs gSa dky rs
•k, yfxgSaA vjs] dksbZ tcnZLrh f•yk nsxk D;k \ ;g esjk ladYi gSA ckotwn
blds fe=k voLFkh vius ckr ij MVs jgs vkSj feJ ckck dks f=kdkyn'khZ crkrs
gq, mudh efgek dk c•ku djrs jgsA blh uksd>ksad esa nksuksa dkuiqj vk x,A
vxys fnu nqxkZ uoeh FkhA HknkSfj;k th ds ,d fe=k gj o"kZ

bl fnu vius ?kj cM+k HkaMkjk djkrs jgs FksA ml fnu Hkh HkaMkjk FkkA mlesa
HknkSfj;k th Hkh vkeaf=kr FksA r; le; ij viuh fe=k eaMyh ds lkFk ;s
ogk¡ igq¡p Hkh x,A fe=k eaMyh ges'kk ls gh ysdj pyrs Fks] de ls de nks
24
xkfM+;ksa esa vkB&nl fe=k lkFk jgrs gh FksA lHkh tkdj vyx cSB x,A nks
fe=k lkFk cSBs] ckdh •kuk •kus x,A rHkh vk;kstd fe=k us dgk fd HknkSfj;k
th vki Hkh ogha cSB tkvksA vki er •kuk] ckdh lc yksx lkFk •k ysaxs]
vkidk Hkh le; cpsxkA bUgsa ckr Bhd yxh] ;s mBdj iaxr esa vk x,A ogk¡
estksa ds ihNs ykbu esa dqflZ;k¡ yxh FkhaA mUgha ij •kuk ijkslk tk jgk FkkA
HknkSfj;k th fdukjs okyh dqlhZ •hapdj vkSj fdukjs gks x,A rHkh ml fe=k
us dgk fd •kuk er] cSB rks lkFk tkvks] iaxr esaA ;s fiQj lkFk vkdj cSB
x,A iÙky yxk nh xbZA
bUgksaus euk fd;k] rks cksys fd ,sls rks vPNk ugha yxsxk] •kuk
er] iÙky rks yxok yksA yxok yhA
rHkh vk;kstd fe=k us dgk fd
fiQj izlkn ijksl fn;k x;kA HknkSfj;k
HknkSfj;k th vki Hkh ogha cSB
th us euk fd;k rks fe=k cksys fd
tkvksA vki er •kuk] ckdh lc
ijkslus nks] •kyh iÙky vPNh ugha
yksx lkFk •k ysaxs] vkidk Hkh
yxsxhA rqe er •kuk] dksbZ vkSj
le; cpsxkA bUgsa ckr Bhd Fkh]
•k ysxkA bUgksaus dgk] rks ijksl nksA
;s mBdj iaxr esa vk x,A ogk¡
ijksl fn;k x;kA blds ckn ogh fe=k
estksa ds ihNs ykbu esa dqflZ;k¡
fiQj lkeus vk, vkSj cksys] izlkn
yxh FkhaA
yksA bl ij HknkSfj;k th] xqLlk,]
cksys eSaus igys gh euk fd;k gS fd
ugha •kukA fe=k cksys] ;s izlkn gS] ,d dksj ys yks] izlkn dk vieku ugha
gksxkA rHkh dbZ fe=k Hkh leFkZu djus yxs] fd ,d dksj ys yks] ;s euk djrs
jgsA bl ij dbZ fe=k cksys fd rqe ,d dksj Hkh ugha yksxs] rks ge Hkh ugha
•k,axs] vkSj mBus yxsA vc ;g fLFkfr cM+h fofp=k gks xbZ] lHkh ds fy,A
HknkSfj;k us fe=kksa ds lEeku esa dgk fd pyks] ,d dksj ys ysrk gw¡A vkSj iwM+h
dk ,d VqdM+k rksM+ dj •k fy;kA
HknkSfj;k th crkrs gSa fd og dksj xys ls uhps tkrs gh >Vdk

lk yxkA Jh jk/kje.k feJ th dk iwjk psgjk vk¡•ksa ds lkeus ukp x;k vkSj
25
le; ls lekf/ rd
mudk iwjk okD; fd dky rs •k, yfxgSa] dkuksa esa xwat x;kA cl] mlds ckn
rks cspSuh c<+ xbZA thou Hkj vUu xzg.k u djus dk ladYi tjk lh ckr esa
/jk'kk;h gks tk,xk] lkspk Hkh ugha FkkA mUgsa feJ th dk okD; bruk cspSu
djrk jgk fd tYnh ls ;s yksx mBsa vkSj os ckck ls feyus cfjxoka ds fy,
fudysaA feJ th dk dgk&lp gks x;k FkkA HknkSfj;k th ogk¡ ls vius ?kj tkus
ds ctk, lh/s cfjxoka ds fy, fudy x,A ogk¡ igqaps] feJ th chrs fnu
dh rjg gh mlh Nr ij r[r ij /wi esa vka•sa can fd, cSBs FksA vkuan esaA
tkdj naMor ç.kke fd;kA feJ th us vka•sa can fd, gq, gh cksyk] cPpk !
•k;] vk,o] ;kfu •k vk,A vc HknkSfj;k dh vk¡•ksa ls vJq/kjk cg fudyhA
D;k lksp jgk Fkk] D;k gks x;k \
r\ thou Hkj vUu xzg.k u djus feJ th us mUgsa xys yxk fy;kA
dk ladYi tjk lh ckr esa / fiQj dgk fd ns•ks] 'kjhj ik¡p çdkj
jk'kk;h gks tk,xk] lkspk Hkh ugha ds dks'k ls feydj cuk gS] blesa
FkkA mUgsa feJ th dk okD; bruk ,d vUue; dks'k Hkh gSA blfy,
cspSu djrk jgk fd tYnh ls ;s •kuk ugha R;kxuk] ftruh 'kjhj dks
yksx mBsa vkSj os ckck ls feyus t:jr gS] mruk gh •k,¡A u de] u
cfjxoka ds fy, fudysaA feJ th T;knkA bl ?kVuk ds ckn ls larks"k
dk dgk&lp gks x;k FkkA HknkSfj;k th us Jh jk/kje.k feJ th
dks viuk xq# eku fy;kA vkSj rHkh
ls mudh lsok esa jgus yxsA
gfjgj
26
,d laiw.kZ lk/d % MkW-
larks"k flag HknkSfj;k
27
le; ls lekf/ rd
çÑfr esa dksbZ jgL; ugha gS] peRdkj ugha gS] tc rd dksbZ
O;fÙkQ] fo"k;] oLrq ;k ?kVuk le> esa ugha vkrh] mlesa fØ;k&çfØ;k ugha
fn•rh gS] rHkh rd og jgL; yxrh gSA vU;Fkk lc dqN lkiQ&lkiQ gS]
ikjn'khZ gSA dksbZ O;fÙkQ] egkiq#"k ;k lar ;k muds ÑR; blhfy, jgL;e;h
yxrs gSa] D;ksafd muls feyus okys vketu muds }kjk vftZr dh xbZ ÅtkZ
;k fo|k dk lh/s&lh/s vk'khokZn ;k fdlh Hkh :i esa ykHk ysus vkrs gSa]
mUgsa tkuus ;k fo|k dks le>us ughaA lHkh yksxksa dks tkuus&le>us dh Hkw•
Hkh ugha gksrh] ik=krk Hkh ugha gksrh] lcdh t:jr Hkh ugha curh] blfy, os
FkksM+k cgqr ysdj vkxs c<+ tkrs gSaA vU;Fkk fdlh nwljs nsus okys dh ryk'k
djrs gSa] dHkh bl }kj] dHkh ml
dksbZ O;fÙkQ] egkiq#"k ;k lar ;k }kjA bls gh HkVduk dgrs gSaA exj]
muds ÑR; blhfy, jgL;e;h dqN gksrs gSa] ftUgsa tkuus&le>us
yxrs gSa] D;ksafd muls feyus okys dh Hkw• gksrh gS] ysus dh ugha]
vketu muds }kjk vftZr dh cfYd dqN ikdj] rÌr gksdj dqN
xbZ ÅtkZ ;k fo|k dk lh/s&lh/s nsus dh yyd gksrh gS] os •kstrs gSa]
vk'khokZn ;k fdlh Hkh :i esa HkVdrs gSa] ri&lk/uk djrs gSaA fiQj
ykHk ysus vkrs gSa] mUgsa tkuus ;k dqN nsus yk;d gks ikrs gSaA nsus okyh
fo|k dks le>us ughaA loZJs"B oLrq le>&Kku vkSj ÅtkZ
gh gS vkSj ,sls gksrs gh os jgL;e;h
yxus yxrs gSa] D;ksafd bUgsa ÅftZr djus okyk lzksr fn•rk ugha gSA og fn•
Hkh ugha ldrk] D;ksafd ftl çdkj Hkko] vk¡•ksa ;k ;a=kksa dh idM+ esa ugha vkrs]
dsoy eglwl gksrs gSaA mlh çdkj Kku ÅtkZ Hkh ugha fn•rh] dsoy mldk
çHkko vkSj çHkko ds dkj.kksa ls vkus okys y{k.k fn•rs gSaA cgqr dksf'k'kksa ds
ckn ;a=kksa ls dsoy bu y{k.kksa esa vkus okys mrkj&p<+ko gh idM+ esa vkrs gSaA
,sls O;fÙkQ;ksa dks ns•dj muds cgqr lkjs fpj&ifjfprksa dks

,slk Hkh yxrk gS] tSls fd mUgsa cgqr tYnh cgqr dqN fey x;k gks] tcfd
cgqr lkjs yksx dfBu lk/uk ri djrs gh jg x,A tcfd] ,slk gksrk ugha
28
,d laiw.kZ lk/d % MkW- larks"k flag HknkSfj;k
gS] lc dqN fu;e ls gh gksrk gSA vkSj eq[; ckr ;g gS fd ;g fliQZ bl

'kjhj ;k=kk ;k ,d nks tUe Hkj dk ekeyk Hkh ugha gS] cfYd tUeksa dh lk/
uk dk iQy&çfriQy gksrk gSA çkjC/ gksrk gh gSA dkuiqj ds MkW- larks"k flag
HknkSfj;k dks ckY;dky ls tkuus okyksa dks yxrk gS fd bUgsa cgqr dqN] cgqr
tYnh fey x;kA dbZ ckj Lo;a Jh HknkSfj;k th dks Hkh yxrk gS fd mUgsa og
lc ,dk,d feyrk x;k] ftlds fy, de ç;kl fd,A ;k ftrus ds ckjs
esa lkspk Hkh ugha Fkk] mlls vf/d fey x;kA blfy, cgqr ifjfprksa dks Hkh
lgt fo'okl ugha gksrk fd os pqVdh ctkdj ;k NM+h ?kqekdj fdlh dk d"V
nwj dj nsrs gSaA os muds fy, vc jgL;e;h gks x, gSa] D;ksafd ftu Jheku
larks"k HknkSfj;k dks os tkurs&le>rs
Fks] os liQy jktuhfrK gks ldrs Fks] blfy, cgqr ifjfprksa dks Hkh
oS| gks ldrs Fks ;k cM+s dkjksckjh lgt fo'okl ugha gksrk fd os
gks ldrs Fks] tSlkfd mudk vH;kl pqVdh ctkdj ;k NM+h ?kqekdj
jgk gSA ckck ;k xq# MkW- larks"k flag fdlh dk d"V nwj dj nsrs gSaA os
HknkSfj;k mudh dYiukvksa esa ugha muds fy, vc jgL;e;h gks x,
FksA vk'p;Z ;g gS fd Lo;a HknkSfj;k gSa] D;ksafd ftu Jheku larks"k flag
th us Hkh bruk ugha lkspk FkkA fiQj HknkSfj;k dks os tkurs&le>rs Fks]
D;k] dSls] D;ksa] dc gks x,\ ;g os liQy jktuhfrK gks ldrs FksA
,d jkspd dFkk gSA
ckY;dky ds vuqHko
dkuiqj esa o"kZ 1964 dks tUe gqvkA muds firk dk uke Jh
oa'kcgknqj flag Fkk vkSj ekrk dk uke Jherh çsek nsohA mudk ifjokj ewyr%
eè; çns'k ds fHkaM&Hknkoj dk jgus okyk Fkk vkSj dbZ ih<+h igys vkdj
dkuiqj esa jgus yxk FkkA ckY;dky ls gh f'k{kk&nh{kk lkekU; jghA vycÙkk
/kfeZd lkfgR; i<+us dk 'kkSd cpiu ls gh FkkA vè;kRe esa #fp FkhA eu
lsokHkkoh FkkA pkj&ik¡p o"kZ dh vk;q ls gh è;ku dh eqæk esa cSBuk] è;ku
29
le; ls lekf/ rd
djuk&nsuk vPNk yxrk FkkA tc ukS&nl o"kZ dh vk;q jgh gksxh] rc ,d

iqLrd ?kj esa gh feyh] **lnk lr dFkk lk/qfHk% lsofu;k**A bl iqLrd esa
ikSjkf.kd dFkk,¡ FkhaA os vius ikBÔØe dh iqLrdsa NksM+dj bldh dgkfu;k¡
i<+k djrs FksA nknh dks lqukrs Fks] mUgsa Hkh vPNk yxrk FkkA nknh Jksrk] ikS=k
oÙkQk] nksuksa eLrA fdarq firk dks yxrk Fkk fd Ldwyh i<+kbZ ugha gks jgh] rks os
ml iqLrd dks Nqik nsrs FksA fiQj cky larks"k mls <wa<+rs vkSj pksjh&pqids i<+rs
FksA cpiu ls gh vyx rjg ds vuqHko gksus 'kq: gks x, FksA lqcg dks czãewrZ
esa vDlj yxrk Fkk fd dgha 'ka• ct jgk] dgha ckalqjh] rks dHkh yxrk Fkk]
,d lkFk gtkjksa jko.k ty jgs gSa] cgqr çdk'k gks tkrk FkkA /hjs&/hjs budh
vknr gks xbZA lk/q&larksa ls feyuk]
blfy, tYn gh igpku Hkh muls ckrsa djuk vPNk yxrk FkkA
curh jgh] ysfdu og igpku 14&15 o"kZ dh voLFkk esa vius
[;kfr ls T;knk dq[;kfr okyh ?kj dh dksBjh esa Nqidj jkr&jkrHkj
Fkh] tSls fd foæksgh ;qokvksa dh lk/uk djrs FksA ,d le; rks ,slk
gksrh gSA o"kZ 1984 esa tcfd
Hkh vk;k fd ?kj&ifjokj o eqgYys
chl o"kZ ds jgs Fks] mlh le;
ds yksx mUgsa ikxy ekuus&dgus yxs
mÙkj çns'k esa f'ko lsuk dk xBu
dj fn;k vkSj Lo;a mlds çns'k FksA
vè;{k cu x,A
;qokoLFkk dk foæksg
lsokHkkoh Fks] ;qokoLFkk esa Nk=k jktuhfr djus yxsA fuMj

Fks] dqN foæksgh Hkh FksA blfy, tYn gh igpku Hkh curh jgh] ysfdu og
igpku [;kfr ls T;knk dq[;kfr okyh Fkh] tSls fd foæksgh ;qokvksa dh gksrh
gSA o"kZ 1984 esa tcfd chl o"kZ ds jgs Fks] mlh le; mÙkj çns'k esa f'ko
lsuk dk xBu dj fn;k vkSj Lo;a mlds çns'k vè;{k cu x,A fganwoknh usrk
cu x,A nwljs 17 ftyksa esa Hkh laxBu •M+k dj fn;kA Li"V dj nsa fd mudh
30
f'ko lsuk] eqacbZ dh ckyklkgsc Bkdjs okyh f'kolsuk ugha Fkh] cfYd mudh
viuh vyx FkhA gkykafd ckn esa ckyk lkgsc Bkdjs rd muds uke dh ppkZ
igqaph rks muds Lo;alsod yksx o"kZ 1986 esa HknkSfj;k th ls dkuiqj esa muds
iQtyxat dk;kZy; esa vkdj feysA fiQj budh cky lkgsc Bkdjs ls eqykdkr
gqbZA dqN o"kZ muds lkFk Hkh dke fd;kA jktuhfr ds lkFk gh Jh HknkSfj;k
th ds vkè;kfRed fØ;kdyki Hkh tkjh jgsA
jktuhfrd ;k=kk
f'kolsuk ds eap ls mUgksaus vkjaHk esa eqacbZ dh f'kolsuk

dh rjg fganqRo ds fy, dk;Z fd,
ysfdu cgqr tYn mudk è;ku vxys nl o"kks± rd mUgksaus
fdlkuksa dh leL;kvksa ij x;kA fiQj tksjnkj fdlku jktuhfr dhA
mUgksaus fdlkuksa ds fy, gh vf/d dbZ ckj&ckj lh/s&lh/s ç'kklu
dk;Z fd,A blfy, fdlkuksa esa mudk ls Vdjko gqvkA ntZuksa ckj tsy
csgn lEeku jgkA fdlku jktuhfr esa x,A mudh tsy tkus ij Lo;a
lfØ;rk ds dkj.k gh o"kZ 1992 egsaæ flag fVdSr us Hkh vkanksyu
esa mUgsa pkS/jh egsaæ flag fVdSr ds pyk;k FkkA o"kZ 2002&03 rd
usr`Ro okyh Hkkjrh; fdlku ;wfu;u ;gh pyrk jgkA
dh jktuhfrd foax Hkkjrh; Økafr
ny ;qok dk jk"Vªh; vè;{k euksuhr
fd;k x;kA vxys nl o"kks± rd mUgksaus tksjnkj fdlku jktuhfr dhA dbZ
ckj&ckj lh/s&lh/s ç'kklu ls Vdjko gqvkA ntZuksa ckj tsy x,A mudh tsy
tkus ij Lo;a egsaæ flag fVdSr us Hkh vkanksyu pyk;k FkkA o"kZ 2002&03
rd ;gh pyrk jgkA bl nkSjku mUgksaus çkbosV fyfeVsM daiuh cukdj 'kgj esa
fj;y LVsV dk O;kikj Hkh fd;k] ftlls /uksiktZu gksrk jgkA o"kZ 2003 esa mÙkj
çns'k ds iwoZ jkT;iky jkses'k HkaMkjh ds lkFk feydj jk"Vªh; fdlku ;wfu;u
dh LFkkiuk dhA fdlku fgrksa dh yM+kbZ yM+rs jgsA o"kZ 2005 ls 2011 rd
nks ckj diM+k ea=kky; esa lykgdkj Hkh jgs] tksfd dsaæh; jkT;ea=kh ds ntZs ds
31
le; ls lekf/ rd
cjkcj dk in gS vkSj jk"Vªifr ukfer djrs gSaA bl rjg ls mudh yacs le;
rd jktuhfrd ;k=kk tkjh jgh] ysfdu HknkSfj;k th vketu ds fy, dqN
mlls Hkh cM+k vkSj Bksl djuk pkgrs Fks] blfy, jktuhfrd fØ;kdykiksa ls
nwjh cukbZ vkSj lh/s&lh/s ekuoh; fodkl ij dk;Z djus yxsA
vkè;kfRed ;k=kk
HknkSfj;k th dh vè;kRe esa rks #fp Fkh] lk/q&larksa dk lax

vPNk yxrk Fkk] ysfdu ra=k&ea=k O;oLFkk ls os vutku Fks] #fp Hkh vf/d
ugha FkhA la;ksx nsf•,] mUgsa igys tks xq# feys os ra=k&O;oLFkk fo|k ds
gh lezkV Fks] iQrsgiqj ds cfjxoka
blds fy, ,d iw.kZ xq# dh xk¡o fuoklh ra=k&O;oLFkk xq# Jh
vko';drk gksrh gS] ysfdu jk/kje.k feJ thA gkykafd muls
vHkh rqEgkjk le; ugha vk;k mudh eqykdkr cgqr lkekU; rjhds
gS] rqEgsa 44osa o"kZ esa rqEgkjs ls gh gqbZA_
vkè;kfRed xq# feysaxsA bl ij
(igyh eqykdkr
HknkSfj;k th cksys& eSa mUgsa dSls
dh bl ?kVuk dk ftØ ,d 'kkar
igpkuw¡xkA os vo/h esa cksys lar % Jh jk/kje.k feJ th vè;k;
fd&gejs tSlk gksbZA esa gSA)
Jh HknkSfj;k th us muls vkxzg fd;k fd os mUgsa vkè;kfRed

xq# ds :i esa nh{kk çnku djsaA bl ij Jh feJ th us badkj djrs gq, dgk
fd csVk vè;kRe esjk fo"k; ugha gSA ysfdu blds lkFk gh mUgksaus vè;kRe
dh vkjafHkd tkudkjh nsdj dgk fd bl fo"k; dks rqEgsa iwjh rjg ls le>us
dh vko';drk gS vkSj rqEgsa bls le>uk Hkh pkfg,A blds fy, ,d iw.kZ xq#
dh vko';drk gksrh gS] ysfdu vHkh rqEgkjk le; ugha vk;k gS] rqEgsa 44osa
o"kZ esa rqEgkjs vkè;kfRed xq# feysaxsA bl ij HknkSfj;k th cksys& eSa mUgsa dSls
igpkuw¡xkA os vo/h esa cksys fd &gejs tSlk gksbZA os Lo;a rqEgkjs vkJe vk,axs
vkSj viuh fy•h gqbZ iqLrdsa rqEgsa HksaV djsaxsA HknkSfj;k th dks ml le; ;s
32
ckrsa cM+h vthc lh] jgL;e;h yxrh Fkha] D;ksafd mudk rks dksbZ vkJe gh
ugha Fkk] vkJe gksxk] ,slk fopkj Hkh ugha Fkk vkSj feJ th dg jgs gSa fd
rqEgkjs vkè;kfRed xq# Lo;a rqEgkjs vkJe vk,axsA
blds ckn o"kZ 1993 esa ije iwT; xq#nso iafMr Jh jk/kje.k
th feJ us MkW- ,l,l HknkSfj;k dks vius HkkSfrd tusÅ ls (viuk iguk gqvk
tusÅ mrkjdj iguk;k ) laLdkfjr fd;kA viuk /eZiq=k ?kksf"kr fd;k rFkk
czkã.k dU;k eerk nsoh ls mudk fookg Hkh djok;kA blds ckn o"kZ 1994
esa iwtuh; ckckth us bPNk e`R;q dk oj.k djds] thfor egklekf/ ys yhA
thfor egklekf/ ds iwoZ ckck th us xzkeokfl;ksa ls dgk fd esjs lekf/LFk
gksus ds i'pkr dqN vk/h&rwiQku ;g nh{kk dk;ZØe yxkrkj rhu
vk, rks Mjuk erA ogh gqvk HkhA jkr rd pyrk jgkA nh{kkijkar
,d Hk;kud rwiQku cfjxoka esa mBkA dqN vkykSfdd vuqHko gksus
xzke vkSj vklikl ds taxy esa yxsA tks HknkSfj;k th lksprs]
lSdM+ksa isM+ m•M+dj fxj x,A fiQj pkgrs] oSlh ?kVuk ?kV tkrhA mUgsa
,d vn~Hkqr 'kkafr Nk xbZA iwtuh; yxk fd fcuk ç;kl] fcuk fdlh
ckck th ges'kk Jh HknkSfj;k th ls vuq"Bku ds mUgsa dqN 'kfÙkQ;ka
dgk djrs Fks fd cPpk! vc ge çkIr gks xbZ gSaA os chekj dks Nw
dckS nqckjk tue u yscS] ;ks gekj ysrs rks mUgsa vkjke gks tkrkA
vkf•jh tue vk;A
HknkSfj;k th mudh lekf/ ij fuf;fer :i ls ueu djus

tkrs jgsA ckdh le; lektlsok vkSj fj;y LVsV ds O;kikj esa yxs jgsA Jh
HknkSfj;k ds eqrkfcd nsgkolku ds djhc rhu o"kZ ckn ,d jkr dks Jh feJ
th lius esa vk, vkSj mUgsa ra=k dh nh{kk nhA ;g nh{kk dk;ZØe yxkrkj rhu
jkr rd pyrk jgkA nh{kkijkar dqN vkykSfdd vuqHko gksus yxsA tks HknkSfj;k
th lksprs] pkgrs] oSlh ?kVuk ?kV tkrhA mUgsa yxk fd fcuk ç;kl] fcuk fdlh
vuq"Bku ds mUgsa dqN 'kfÙkQ;ka çkIr gks xbZ gSaA os chekj dks Nw ysrs rks mUgsa
vkjke gks tkrkA os Lo;a gSjku Fks] D;ksafd fof/ dh iw.kZ fo|k dk Kku Hkh
33
le; ls lekf/ rd
vHkh ugha gqvk Fkk] vkSj ;g lc 'kfÙkQ;k¡ çkIr gks xbZaA o"kZ 2001 esa dkuiqj
ds ikl gh xk¡o djkSyh esa •srh ds fy, tehu •jhnhA vkSj mlh ds dqN Hkkx
esa Ldwy] vukFkky; vkfn dk fopkj eu esa FkkA ;gk¡ vkè;kfRed vuqla/ku
gksaxs] ;g fopkj esa Hkh ugha FkkA vycÙkk] vkè;kfRed vkSj /kfeZd :>ku ds
dkj.k HkO; uoxzg eafnj cukus dk t:j fopkj vk;kA blfy, ml ifjlj dk
ukedj.k yo&dq'k vkJe ds uke ls dj fn;k x;kA yo o dq'k] Jh HknkSfj;k
th ds nksuksa iq=kksa ds uke gSaA
uoxzg eafnj ds fy, 'kfu xHkZ x`g rS;kj gks x;kA igyh eafty
Hkh rS;kj gks xbZA rsth ls dk;Z pyrk jgkA blh Øe esa o"kZ 2009 esa muds fe=k
dkuiqj ds Lo:iuxj fuoklh foosd
;gk¡ vkè;kfRed vuqla/ku
prqoZsnh miQZ xqîók HkS;k th dh lykg
gksaxs] ;g fopkj esa Hkh ugha
ij vkbZvkbZVh dkuiqj esa py jgh
FkkA vycÙkk] vkè;kfRed vkSj
eè;LFk n'kZu ij vk/kfjr thou
/kfeZd :>ku ds dkj.k HkO;
fo|k dh dk;Z'kkyk esa fgLlk fy;kA
uoxzg eafnj cukus dk t:j
dk;Z'kkyk dk çcks/u ,pchVhvkbZ esa
fopkj vk;kA blfy, ml ifjlj
çoÙkQk jgs x.ks'k ckxfM+;k dj jgs
dk ukedj.k yo&dq'k vkJe ds
FksA HknkSfj;k th us iwjs lkr fnu rd
uke ls dj fn;k x;kA
mlesa çfrHkkx fd;k] iwjs okaxe; dks
le>kA os thou fo|k ls dkiQh
çHkkfor gq,A viukiu lk yxk] tSls fd viuh gh ckr gks jgh gSA mlesa
Lofgr vkSj loZfgr ds fy, dqN vPNs vkSj lgt jkLrs fudyrs fn•sA blh
vkyksd esa eè;LFk n'kZu ds çfriknd vuqla/kudrkZ vxzgkj ukxjkt ds uke
ls Hkh ifjp; gqvkA
pwafd ukxjkt th dk okaxe; bruk vPNk Fkk] blfy,

HknkSfj;k th dh muls feyus dh rhoz bPNk gqbZA os rks igys ls gh larksa ds
ihNs nkSM+rs jgs FksA HknkSfj;k th f'kfoj ds dqN fnuksa ckn gh ukxjkt th ls
feyus vejdaVd igq¡p x,A HknkSfj;k th crkrs gSa fd ukxjkt th ds njokts
34
ij igqaprs gh muds vareZu ls ,d fnO; 'kfÙkQ dk lans'k vk;k fd gekjk

dk;Z iwjk gks x;k] ge fgeky; tk jgs gSa] dHkh ckck (Jh feJ th) us vkns'k
fd;k rks fiQj feysaxsA HknkSfj;k th dh le> esa gh ugha vk jgk Fkk fd ;g
lc D;k gks jgk gS \ ;s dkSu Fks] tks lans'k ns jgs gSa vkSj fgeky; tk jgs gSa \
cgjgky] ukxjkt th ls feysA cgqr gYdh&iQqYdh lrgh eqykdkr gqbZA dqN
•kl ppkZ Hkh ugha gqbZ] ysfdu çHkkfor iwjs gq,A ogk¡ ls okil vkdj uoxzg
eafnj fuekZ.k esa yx x,A o"kZ 2010 ds vkjaHk ds eghuksa esa ,d fnu xqîók HkS;k
dk iQksu vk;k fd ukxjkt th rqEgkjs vkJe vkuk pkg jgs gSaA gkykafd ml
le; ukxjkt th ds dwYgs dh gîóh dk vkijs'ku gqvk FkkA os Bhd ls py
Hkh ugha ik jgs Fks] ysfdu dkuiqj
vkus ds fy, rS;kj FksA cgjgky] vpkud >Vdk lk yxk] os 44osa
o"kZ esa Fks] vkSj fiQj Jh jk/kje.k
r; frfFk dks mudk vkxeu gqvkA
th dh os lHkh ckrsa ;kn vk xbZa]
os vk,] xkM+h ls mrjrs gh HknkSfj;k ftlesa mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd 44osa
th ds da/s ij gkFk j•k vkSj mudk o"kZ esa rqEgkjs vkè;kfRed xq# Lo;a
lgkjk ysrs gq, dgk fd& eSaus viuk pydj rqEgkjs vkJe vk,axs vkSj
opu iwjk fd;kA HknkSfj;k th] ;gk¡ vius gkFk ls fy•h iqLrdksa dk
,d lsV HksaV djsaxsA os rqjar vkJe
Hkh ugha le> ik, fd dkSu ls opu
vk, vkSj can iSdsV •ksydj ns•k
dh ckr dg jgs gSa] ij ladkspo'k rks mlesa 11 fdrkcsa FkhaA
iw¡Nk Hkh ughaA Jh ukxjkt th djhc
pkj ?kaVs vkJe esa jgsA tkrs le; mUgksaus eksVs isij ls vkc¼] ,d cM+k lk
iSdsV migkj Lo:i mUgsa HksaV fd;kA HknkSfj;k th us ml iSdsV dks vkJe esa
j•ok fn;kA ml le; dkuiqj ds rRdkyhu ftykf/dkjh Jh ,eds esJke]
xqîók HkS;k th lesr dkuiqj ds dbZ x.kekU; yksx vkJe esa ekStwn FksA
vxys fnu lqcg dks dkuiqj 'kgj fLFkr vkokl ij HknkSfj;k

th dh iRuh Jherh eerk us mUgsa è;ku fnykus dh eqæk esa ç'u fd;k] fd
vkidh mez fdruh gks xbZ \ vpkud >Vdk lk yxk] os 44osa o"kZ esa Fks] vkSj
fiQj Jh jk/kje.k th dh os lHkh ckrsa ;kn vk xbZa] ftlesa mUgksaus dgk Fkk
35
le; ls lekf/ rd
fd 44osa o"kZ esa rqEgkjs vkè;kfRed xq# Lo;a pydj rqEgkjs vkJe vk,axs vkSj
vius gkFk ls fy•h iqLrdksa dk ,d lsV HksaV djsaxsA os rqjar vkJe vk, vkSj
can iSdsV •ksydj ns•k rks mlesa 11 fdrkcsa FkhaA os lHkh iqLrdsa eè;LFk n'kZu
vk/kfjr thou fo|k dh iqLrdsa FkhaA ;g okaXe; Lo;a ukxjkt th us fy•k gSA
rR{k.k gh Jh HknkSfj;k th dks iwtuh; ckck Jh jk/kje.k feJ th vkSj muds
dFku dk Lej.k gqvk] ftUgksaus dgk Fkk fd rqEgkjs vkè;kfRed xq# gekjs tSls
gh gksaxsA fiQj nksuksa dh lekurkvksa dk feyku fd;kA nksuksa gh xq# djhc Ng
iQqV yacs] nksuksa gh lkaoys lykSus] nksuksa gh x`gLFk] nksuksa us gh çkjafHkd dky esa
dqNsd yksxksa dks NksM+dj fdlh dks nh{kk ugha nh] nksuksa gh Loa; •srh&fdlkuh
dj thfodksiktZu djrs jgs] nksuksa us
muds fljgkus ij dkap dh gh nku&pank thou Hkj ugha fy;kA
nksuksa gh viuh&viuh fo|kvksa
,d lhlh esa xqykc dh filh
ds egkjFkh] nksuksa dh gh Hkkouk
gqbZ ifÙk;ksa dk pwjk j•k FkkA
yksddY;k.k] nksuksa ds oL=k liQsn]
ukxjkt th chp&chp esa mlesa u dksbZ ihB] u dksbZ njckj] u dksbZ
ls fudkydj pwjk •k ysrs eBA ;g lc le>dj HknkSfj;k th
Fks] og xys esa iQalrk Fkk] rks dkiQh çiQqfYyr gq,A mUgksaus eu ls
•kalrs FksA Jh ukxjkt th dks viuk vkè;kfRed
xq# Lohdkj dj fy;kA
fiQj ,d fnu HknkSfj;k th muls feyus vejdaVd vkJe

x,A vkb;s jktk lkgc] dgdj Jh ukxjkt th us mudk Lokxr fd;kA ogk¡
igqapdj ,d vkSj jkspd çlax irk pykA Jh ukxjkt th cSBs gq, FksA muds
fljgkus ij dkap dh ,d lhlh esa xqykc dh filh gqbZ ifÙk;ksa dk pwjk j•k
FkkA ukxjkt th chp&chp esa mlesa ls fudkydj pwjk •k ysrs Fks] og xys esa
iQalrk Fkk] rks •kalrs FksA HknkSfj;k th us ;g ns•k] ukxjkt th ls rks dqN ugha
dgk ysfdu mudh iq=kh vEck nhnh ls crk;k fd ;g pwjk •kus ls •k¡lh gks
jgh gS] mls ogk¡ ls gVk D;ksa ugha nsrha\ bl ij vEck nhnh us ykpkjh n'kkZrs
gq, dgk fd HkS;k] ;s xqykc vkids vkJe ls gh vk, gSa] ;s mUgsa gh •k, tk
36
jgs gSaA fiQj mUgsa blds ihNs dk ,d vkSj jkspd çlax crk;kA
tc Jh ukxjkt th] djkSyh /ke vkJe esa vk, Fks] ml

le; HknkSfj;k th us xqykc dh ekyk igukdj mudk Lokxr fd;k FkkA ukxjkt
th us ml ekyk dks mrkjdj vius lkeku esa j•ok fy;kA tkrs le; os ckank
esa Hkh ,d ifjfpr ds ;gk¡ #ds FksA ogk¡ ls vejdaVd ds fy, fudys fd
fp=kdwV ds ikl igqapdj Jh ukxjkt dks xqykc dh ml ekyk dk è;ku vk;kA
mUgksaus vius lkFk okyksa ls iw¡Nk] og ekyk dgk¡ gS] rks irk pyk fd ekyk rks
ckank esa gh NwV xbZA ukxjkt th us rqjar xkfM+;k¡ #dokbZ vkSj cksys fd okil
tkvks] igys ckank ls og ekyk ysdj vkvksA ;gh gqvk] ,d xkM+h okil xbZ
vkSj ckank ls ekyk ysdj vkbZA djhc
vkxs dh ppkZ ds nkSjku Jh
nks ?kaVs ukxjkt th fp=kdwV esa gh
#ds jgsA ml ekyk dks vejdaVd ukxjkt th us iw¡Nk fd uoxzg
ys tkdj iQwyksa dks /wi esa lq•ok;k] eafnj D;ksa cuok jgs gks\ tokc
fiQj ifÙk;ksa dk pw.kZ cuok;k vkSj fn;k fd blls 'kkafr feysxhA rks
dk¡p dh NksVh cksry esa Hkjokdj mUgksaus fiQj iw¡Nk fd dkSu lk
vius fljgkus j•ok fy;kA mlh dks
eafnj gS] tgk¡ fdlh dks 'kkafr
chp&chp esa •krs jgsA
r`fIr] (Kku çkfIr) fey xbZ gksA
HknkSfj;k th dks
ftKklk gqbZ] muls iw¡Nk fd bls D;ksa
•k jgs gSa] ysfdu Jh ukxjkt us muds ç'u dks Vky fn;kA vkSj vU; fo"k;ksa
ij ppkZ djus yxsA gkykafd dbZ o"kZ ckn deZiQy&Hkksx dh O;oLFkk dks le>rs
le; HknkSfj;k th dh ;g ftKklk Lor% gh 'kkar gks xbZA os le> x, fd Jh
ukxjkt th us deZiQyksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, gh ;g lc fd;kA vkxs dh ppkZ ds
nkSjku Jh ukxjkt th us iw¡Nk fd uoxzg eafnj D;ksa cuok jgs gks\ tokc fn;k
fd blls 'kkafr feysxhA rks mUgksaus fiQj iw¡Nk fd dkSu lk eafnj gS] tgk¡ fdlh
dks 'kkafr r`fIr] (Kku çkfIr) fey xbZ gksA fiQj mUgksaus iwNk fd eafnj dk
37
le; ls lekf/ rd
eryc crkvksA HknkSfj;k th ureLrd gks x,A blds ckn ukxjkt th us dgk
fd tgk¡ ekuo dks ekuo ds }kjk lgh thus dh fn'kk feys] ml LFkku dks
eafnj dgrs gSaA blfy, uoxzg ds ctk, ekuo eafnj gksuk T;knk lkFkZd gSA
HknkSfj;k th dks ckr le> vkbZ vkSj muds eq• ls fudys 'kCnksa ds vuqlkj
ml Hkou dks ekuo eafnj dk gh Lo:i ns fn;kA rHkh ls ogk¡ ij ewY;
f'k{kk] LokLF;] la;e ;kuh 'kjhj vkSj eu%LoLFkrk ds fy, dk;ZØe lapkfyr
fd, tk jgs gSaA blh vkyksd esa vkJe ifjlj esa çkÑfrd fpfdRlk laLFkku]
vk;qosZfnd fpfdRlk laLFkku lapkfyr gq,] ftuesa çfrfnu gtkjksa yksxksa dh
fu%'kqYd fpfdRlk dh xbZA
bl nkSjku ,d xgjh vuqHkwfr ra=k&O;oLFkk dks le>us dh ;k=kk

gqbZ] ftl fnO;'kfÙkQ us mUgsa iwtuh; ckck Jh
vejdaVd esa Jh ukxjkt th feJ th ds 'kjhj NksM+us ds pkSchl
ds njokts ij NksM+k Fkk] ftlus o"kZ ds i'pkr vkJe esa ,d efgyk
fgeky; pys tkus dk lans'k deZpkjh dks vn`'; ckgjh 'kfÙkQ;ksa
fn;k Fkk] mlh 'kfÙkQ dk fiQj ls dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA yksxksa ds
vkxeu gqvk vkSj dqN xqIr crk, vuqlkj reke rkaf=kd&vks>k]
lk/uk,¡ djus dk vkxzg fd;kA Bhd djus dk ç;kl djrs jgs] og
Bhd ugha gqbZA leL;k c<+rh gh xbZA
'kk;n] ;g çÑfr dk gh ?kVukØe Fkk] HknkSfj;k th Hkh dqN le> ugha ik
jgs Fks] Lo;a dks vlgk; ik jgs Fks] ij dqN dj ugha ik jgs FksA ;g t:j
gksrk Fkk] tc Hkh os ml efgyk deZpkjh ds lkeus tkrs rks og FkksM+k vkjke
esa gksrh] ysfdu ihM+k cuh gh jgrhA bl nkSjku ,d xgjh vuqHkwfr gqbZ] ftl
fnO;'kfÙkQ us mUgsa vejdaVd esa Jh ukxjkt th ds njokts ij NksM+k Fkk] ftlus
fgeky; pys tkus dk lans'k fn;k Fkk] mlh 'kfÙkQ dk fiQj ls vkxeu gqvk
vkSj dqN xqIr lk/uk,¡ djus dk vkxzg fd;kA ;g Hkh dgk fd ;g iwtuh;
ckck Jh feJ th dk vkns'k gSA ;gk¡ crk nsa fd ;g ogh 'kfÙkQ Lo:i Fkk]
tks Jh feJ th dks dksVk okys vkJe esa feyk Fkk] lkaoyk lk O;fÙkQ] ftlus
38
Jh feJ th dks vius da/s ij cSBkdj jsyos LVs'ku ij Hkh NksM+k FkkA
;g Hkh mYys•uh; gS fd nh{kk ds ckn ls bl yacs varjky

esa mUgsa LoIu esa Hkh ckck th ds n'kZu ugha gq, FksA fiQj ckck ds funZs'kklqukj
çkÑfrd vkSj vk;qoZsfnd fpfdRld gksus ds ukrs 'kjhj foKku dks le>us dh
dksf'k'k dh vkSj Jh ukxjkt th ds funZs'kkuqlkj thou dks le>us dh dksf'k'k
vkt Hkh dj jgs gSaA HknkSfj;k th dgrs gSa fd ;fn] Jh ukxjkt th ls thou
ds ckjs esa Li"Vrk ugha gqbZ gksrh rkss os ra=k O;oLFkk dks Hkh ugha le> ikrsA
vkt tks dj ik jgs gSa] og djuk Hkh laHko ugha FkkA 'kk;n] ;gh fu;fr Fkh]
tks vè;kRe esa #fp jghA 'kk;n blhfy, ckck Jh feJ th us mUgsa ra=k dh
nh{kk ugha nh] vè;kRe esa cus jgus
HknkSfj;k th dgrs gSa fd ;fn]
fn;k] vU;Fkk os ra=k O;oLFkk ds gh
Jh ukxjkt th ls thou ds ckjs
gksdj jg tkrs vkSj ;g Hkkx NwV
esa Li"Vrk ugha gqbZ gksrh rkss os
tkrkA HknkSfj;k th dk ekuuk gS]
ra=k O;oLFkk dks Hkh ugha le>
;g 'kk;n ckck dh gh Ñik gS] tks
ikrsA vkt tks dj ik jgs gSa] og
mUgksaus Jh ukxjkt th ls feyok;k]
djuk Hkh laHko ugha FkkA 'kk;n]
tgk¡ ls ubZ fn'kk feyhA
;gh fu;fr Fkh] tks vè;kRe esa
cgjgky] xqIr #fp jghA
lk/uk ds bl Øe esa HknkSfj;k th
cfjxoka esa ckck th dh lekf/ ij
nwljs&rhljs fnu tkus yxs] tcfd igys os o"kZ esa ,d&nks ckj gh tkrs FksA
ogk¡ tkdj lk/uk,¡ djus yxs] ysfdu cfjxoka xk¡o okyksa dks ;g vPNh ugha
yxh] mUgsa yxrk Fkk fd HknkSfj;k th ra=k&ea=k djrs gSa] tcfd ;g lPpkbZ
ugha Fkh] os lkekU; gou djrs Fks] tSlkfd vkt Hkh djrs gSaA ysfdu xzkeh.kksa
us muls csgn :•k O;ogkj fd;kA blds ckn HknkSfj;k th us ogk¡ tkuk de
dj fn;k] D;ksafd ckck us gh lans'k ns fn;k Fkk fd ogk¡ tkus dh vko';drk
ugha gSA cgjgky] og efgyk deZpkjh Bhd gks xbZA ;g lqudj vU; yksx Hkh
djkSyh /ke vkJe vkus yx x,] os Hkh Bhd gksus yxsA blls HknkSfj;k th
39
le; ls lekf/ rd
dk fo'okl vkSj c<+ x;kA
'kfÙkQ;ksa dk vkxeu
blds ckn ,d fnu jkf=k esa fnO; funZs'k feyk fd rS;kj

gks tkvks] vkJe esa fdlh fnO; 'kfÙkQ dk vkxeu gks jgk gSA og 28 ,oa
29 uoacj dh v/Zjkf=k] o"kZ 2016] 'kjn ½rq dh] ekxZ'kh"kZ vekoL;k] Ñ".k
i{k dh frfFk FkhA v¼Zjkf=k dks os vkJe ds ihNs futZu ykWu esa vdsys
cSBdj çrh{kk djus yxsA fd vpkud rwiQku lk mBrk fn•kbZ fn;k] dksykgy
lqukbZ fn;k] fiQj 'kkar gks x;kA dqN gh {k.k i'pkr flj ij fdlh dk gkFk
eglwl gqvkA vka•sa •ksydj ns•k rks
og 28 ,oa 29 uoacj dh çdk'kiqat ds :i esa ckck Jh feJ
v/Zjkf=k] o"kZ 2016] 'kjn ½rq th FksA mUgksaus xys yxk fy;kA ,slk
dh] ekxZ'kh"kZ vekoL;k] Ñ".k yxk fd tSls 'kjhj esa dksbZ pht
i{k dh frfFk FkhA v¼Zjkf=k dks Hkj jgh gks] tSls •kyh ?kM+k ikuh
os vkJe ds ihNs futZu ykWu esa ls Hkjrk tkrk gSA ,slh vuqHkwfr gqbZ]
vdsys cSBdj çrh{kk djus yxsA
os jks iM+s vkSj ckck th ls dldj
fd vpkud rwiQku lk mBrk
fyiV x,A ckck th us dgk fd
fn•kbZ fn;k] dksykgy lqukbZ
fn;k] fiQj 'kkar gks x;kA **,sls nq•h gksvksxs] rks eq>s d"V
gksxkA eSaus rqels feyus ds fy,] rqEgsa
iw.kZ gksrs ns•us ds fy, pkSchl o"kZ
çrh{kk dh gS] vkt og 'kqHk ?kM+h vk xbZ gS] tks 'kqHk dk;Z eSa vius thou
dky esa 'kjhj dh mez dh e;kZnk ds dkj.k ugha dj ik;k] mls rqEgsa iwjk djuk
gSA bZ'ojh; 'kfÙkQ dh çkÑfrd O;oLFkk&ra=k dks iwjs fo'o esa iquLFkZkfir djds
mls lEeku fnykuk gS vkSj çekf.kr djkuk gSA**
vkSj djkSyh /ke dk ukedj.k
blds i'pkr iwtuh; ckck th ds lkFk djhc nl feuV

dh okrkZ us Jh HknkSfj;k th xq# th dk ubZ ÅtkZ ls Hkj fn;kA ckck th us
40
vk'oLr fd;k fd vkt ls lalkj dh dksbZ Hkh vklqjh 'kfÙkQ rqEgkjk lkeuk u
dj ldsxh vkSj vkt ls bl LFkku ij Hkxoku f'ko rFkk ekrk dkek[;k ekrk
rkjk o ekrk egkdkyh dk la;qÙkQ :i fuR; fo|eku jgsxkA ,slk Lo;a Hkxoku
HkksysukFk ,oa ekrk dkek[;k dk fu.kZ; gSA vkt ls gh Hkxoku HkksysukFk vkSj
eka dke[;k dh la;qÙkQ 'kfÙkQ djkSyh ljdkj (/ke) uke ls tkuh tk,xhA
fo'oHkj ls yksx ;gka vk,axsA mUgksaus ;g Hkh dgk fd le;≤ ij dbZ
vkSj 'kfÙkQ;k¡ Hkh ekuo tkfr dh vko';drkuqlkj rqEgkjs vkxzg ij tkxzr gksrh
jgsaxhA ml fnu rhu 'kfÙkQ;k¡ tkxzr dh] çnku dhaA bl çdkj tks phtsa thou
fo|k esa fopkj ds :i esa le>h Fkha] mudk vH;kl] ç;ksx 'kq: gqvkA
HknkSfj;k th dgrs
vkt ls gh Hkxoku HkksysukFk vkSj
gSa fd os Hkh igys Hkwr çsr dks gh
ek¡ dke[;k dh la;qÙkQ 'kfÙkQ djkSyh
ck/k&leL;k le>rs FksA vuqHkoksa ls
ljdkj ds (/ke) uke tkuh tk,xhA
gy djus dh dksf'k'k djrs FksA tc
fo'oHkj ls yksx ;gka vk,axsA mUgksaus
ugha dj ikrs Fks] vVd tkrs Fks] rc
;g Hkh dgk fd le;≤ ij
ckck th ls iw¡Nrs Fks] rks ckck cl
dbZ vkSj 'kfÙkQ;k¡ Hkh ekuo tkfr
eqLdjk nsrs Fks] fiQj dgrs Fks&djrs
dh vko';drkuqlkj rqEgkjs vkxzg
jgks] tYnh gh le> tkvksxsA cM+s
fnuksa rd ladV jgkA fiQj djkSyh ij tkxzr gksrh jgsaxhA
vkJe esa iwtuh; ckck th ds dgus
ij rhu f=k'kwy LFkkfir fd,A tks Hkh mUgsa idM+rk Fkk] og muls fpid
tkrk Fkk] fiQj vn`'; 'kfÙkQ;ksa }kjk ml O;fÙkQ ij dkfct ckgjh udkjkRed
thou&vkRekvksa dh cgqr fiVkbZ gksrh FkhA vkSj bl rjg ;g lc 'kq: gqvkA
;g djrs&djrs tks le> vk;k] og cgqr •rjukd Fkk fd dSls gj ekuo
ladV esa gS \ Hkwr&çsr ls T;knk mlds iwoZt gh D;ksa vkWVks bE;wu fMLvkMZj
dh rjg ls ekuo ds fy, ladV cu x, \ HknkSfj;k th dgrs gSa fd dkiQh
dqN lkiQ gks x;k gS] ftruk le> vk x;k] mldk mipkj py jgk gS] ftlls
yk•ksa yksx ykHkkfUor gks jgs gSaA tks cpk gS mlh ij vuqla/ku py jgk gSA
41
le; ls lekf/ rd
fo'okl gS fd ekuo tkfr dks ladV ls fudkyus ds fy, çÑfr vkSj Hkh u,
jgL;ksa dks mtkxj djsxh ghA
pwafd djkSyh /ke esa bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk vkjaHk gks xbZ vkSj dbZ
vkè;kfRed 'kks/ vuqla/ku Hkh py jgs gSa] blfy, bl LFky dk ukedj.k
bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk foKku ,oa vuqla/ku dsaæ djkSyh /ke ds :i esa fd;k x;kA
;gha ij gq, 'kks/ esa ;g rF; lkeus vk;k gS fd cká udkjkRed 'kfÙkQ;ka
gh ekuo dk lcls cM+k ladV gSa] ftUgsa ijaijk esa Hkwr çsr ds :i esa igpkuk
x;k gSA 'kks/ esa ;g Hkh mtkxj gqvk gS fd O;fÙkQ dh leL;k Hkwr&çsr gh
ugha cfYd mlds vius iwoZt vkSj Økl Mh,u, ds iwoZt gSaA Jhen~Hkkxor
xhrk ds vè;k; 09 'yksd 25 esa Hkxoku Jh Ñ".k th dg jgs gSa] fd çsrksa
ds ca/u esa ca/dj jgus dks etcwj ekuo ds iwoZt viuh eqfÙkQ ds fy, rjl
jgs gSa] tksfd nq• o ekufld ihM+k rFkk e`R;q ds le; dh ihM+k ds xgjs Hkko
esa Mh,u, esa ekStwn jgrs gSaA
os vHkh Hkh Hkkjh leL;k vkSj xgjs nq• esa gSaA mUgha dh
otg ls O;fÙkQ Hkh leL;kvksa vkSj nq•ksa ls f?kjs jgrs gSaA mudh ekStwnxh ds
dkj.k gh muds thou dky ds jksx o leL;k,¡ ifjokj ds lnL;ksa esa fn•kbZ
nsus yxrh gSaA reke nok&bykt] >kM+&iQw¡d] ra=k&ea=k] Vksuk&VksVdk ds ckotwn
O;fÙkQ LoLFk gksus ds LFkku ij vkSj vf/d leL;k esa f?kjrs tkrs gSaA varr%
leL;k ;k jksx vlkè; gksdj ekSr dk dkj.k cu tkrh gSA iQyr% e`R;q ds
i'pkr O;fÙkQ Hkh vius iwoZtksa dh gh Hkkafr ,d iwoZt cudj vius gh Mh,u,
esa vius oa'ktksa esa jgus yxrs gSaA iQyLo:i dksbZ Hkh euq"; vius iwoZtksa dh
Hkkafr gh vius cPpksa ds fy,] u pkgrs gq, Hkh ,d cM+h leL;k cu tkrk
gSA ;gh Øe pyrk jgrk gS vkSj rc rd pyrk jgrk gS tc rd fd iwoZt
eqfÙkQ ikdj iqutZUe ugha ys ysrs gSaA djkSyh /ke esa iwoZtksa dks eqfÙkQ çnku dj
euq"; dh leL;kvksa&ck/kvksa dh lekfIr dj nh tkrh gSA fnu çfrfnu bl
rhFkZ dh [;kfr iQSyrh tk jgh gSA
gfjgj
42
tkx`fr gh fu;fr gS
euq"; ek=k dk leLr Je] lkjs ç'u] lkjs rdZ] lkjs ç;kl
vrar% foJke ikus ds fy, gh gSaA foJke ;kfu lq• vkSj lq• dh fujarjrkA
;w¡ rks •kus&ihus ;k nwljh HkkSfrd lqfo/kvksa ls Hkh lq• feyrk gS] ysfdu
og {kf.kd gksrk gS] mlesa fujarjrk ugha gksrh] blfy, FkksM+s&FkksM+s le; ckn
fiQj dqN Lokfn"V •kus&ihus dk eu djus yxrk gSA fiQj dqN u;k jkspd
lquus&lqukus] euksjatd ns•us&fn•kus ds fy, pkfg,A euq"; çfrfnu blh rjg
fdLrksa esa lq• ryk'krk jgrk gSA lq• dh bUgha fdLrksa] dfM+;ksa dks tksM+us ds
fy, gh fnu Hkj dksbZ u dksbZ tru djrk jgrk gSA lcdh dksf'k'k ;gh gksrh
gS fd {kf.kd lq•ksa dh ;s dfM+;k¡ tqM+h jgsa vkSj eu esa gj le; lq• dh
fujarjrk cuh jgsA 'kknh&fookg ;k fdlh mRlo esa ;s dfM+;ka tqM+h gqbZ lh
jgrh gSa] blhfy, mu voljksa ij eu esa mRlkg vkSj psgjs dh •q'kh vyx
gh fn•rh gSA
dksbZ tkurk gks ;k u tkurk gks] ysfdu fujarj lq• ikuk

gh gj euq"; dh pkguk gS] ;gh ije y{; gSA irs dh ckr ;g gS fd ;g
43
le; ls lekf/ rd
pkguk euq"; esa Lo;a mlds }kjk ugha iSnk dh xbZ gS] ;g y{; Hkh euq"; us
Lo;a ugha r; fd;k gS] cfYd ;g fu;fr }kjk fu/kZfjr gS fd gj euq"; dks
foJke ;kfu fujarj lq• dh voLFkk esa igqapuk gh iM+sxkA çÑfr gh pkgrh gS
fd gj euq"; Lo;a ;g y{; ik, vkSj mlds fy, gh Je djsA tks Hkh O;fÙkQ
çÑfr ds bl ladsr dks ftruh tYnh le> ysrk gS] og tYnh vkjke esa vk
tkrk gS] nq•ksa ls eqfÙkQ fey tkrh gS] lq•ksa dh dfM+;k¡ tqM+ tkrh gSaA tks ugha
le>rk mls Hkh çÑfr vius rjhds ls blh ekxZ ij ys tkrh gSA euq"; dh
dksbZ vkSdkr gh ugha gS fd og çÑfr }kjk fu/kZfjr ekxZ ;k y{; dh vuns•h
dj ldsA dYiuk'khyrk o deZ Lora=krk ds dkj.k euq"; dsoy ml jkg
ij pyus dh viuh xfr dks de
;k T;knk dj ldrk gSA FkksM+h cgqr
mlds fy, gh Je djsA tks Hkh
euekuh dj ldrk gS] fu.kZ; ysus esa
O;fÙkQ çÑfr ds bl ladsr dks
de ;k vf/d le; ys ldrk gSA
ftruh tYnh le> ysrk gS] og
;fn Hkzfer ugha gS rks tYnh fu.kZ;
tYnh vkjke esa vk tkrk gS] nq•ksa ys ysrk gS] Hkzfer gS rks nsj ls fu.kZ;
ls eqfÙkQ fey tkrh gS] lq•ksa dh ys ikrk gS] ysfdu ,slk ugha gksrk
dfM+;k¡ tqM+ tkrh gSaA tks ugha fd çÑfr ds fo#¼ tk ldsA fo#¼
le>rk mls Hkh çÑfr vius tkus dh dksf'k'k djrk gS rks ftanxh
rjhds ls blh ekxZ ij ys tkrh gSA esa mYVk&iqYVk gh gksrk jgrk gSA
HkkSfrd çek.k gh
ns• yhft,] Hkys gh dksbZ lqcg dks tkxuk pkgs ;k u tkxuk pkgs] ysfdu
tkxuk gh iM+rk gSA fdruk Hkh xgjk ;k yack lks yhft,] vkf•jdkj rks tkxuk
gh iM+sxkA tk¡p djds ns• yhft,] dsoy 24 ?kaVs fcLrj ls er mfB;s] lksdj
nsf•,A gksxk ;g] fd ;k rks vkidk 'kjhj Lor%LiQwrZ gh 'kkSpky; dh rjiQ
pyk tk,xk ;k fiQj vkidk fcLrj vkSj d{k gh 'kkSpky; cu tk,xkA dsoy
dqN vfrfjÙkQ ?kaVksa dh csgks'kh] fuæk ;k euekuh vkidks ?k`.kkLin cncw] xanxh]
chekjh ;k fiQj xgjs nq• esa /dsy ldrh gSA LFkwy 'kjhj dh ;gh O;oLFkk gSA
ew•Z ls ew•Z O;fÙkQ Hkh ;g ckr tkurk gSA
44
tkx`fr gh fu;fr gS
le>us dh ckr dsoy bruh lh gS fd ;fn çÑfr vkids

u'oj] LFkwy 'kjhj dks Hkh uhan ls txkus ds fy, bruk csrkc] bruk O;kdqy]
bruk etcwj dj nsrh gS rks lksfp, bl 'kjhj dks pyk jgk v{k; cy'kkyh
thou viuh tkx`fr ds fy, fdruk O;kdqy] fdruk csrkc] fdruk etcwj gksrk
gksxk \ thou dh bl csrkch dks tks ftruh tYnh le> tkrk gS] og mruh gh
tYnh ?k`.kkLin xanxh vkSj nq•ksa ls NqVdkjk ik tkrk gSA mldk 'kjhj 'kkSpky;
cuus ls cp tkrk gSA çÑfr rks ;gh pkgrh gS fd tkx`fr dh jkg ij pydj
gj euq"; dk thou tYnh ls tYnh nq•ksa ls NqVdkjk ik tk,A bl ladsr dks
tc rd ugha le>rs gSa] rc rd gj O;fÙkQ esa cspSuh] O;kdqyrk] v/S;Z] }a}]
ruko] ihM+k cuh gh jgrh gSA thou
iwjh mez bl xanxh ds cks> dks fy, pkgus vkSj djus ds chp ds bl
HkVdrk jgrk gS vkSj tUe nj tUe •kyh LFkku dks Hkjus ds fy,]
;g cks> c<+rk tkrk gSA euq"; dh f'k{kk vkSj fn'kk lgh
djus ds fy, gh lkjs xzaFk gSa]
jkspd ckr ;g gS lkjh ijaijk,¡ gSa] lkjs xq# gSa]
fd çÑfr dk gh va'k gksus ds dkj.k lkjk Kku gSA fparktud ;g gS
tkus&vutkus euq"; dh Hkh pkgr fd ;s lc feydj Hkh ;qxksa&;qxksa
;gh gS fd og nq•ksa ls eqÙkQ jgs] ls HkVds euq"; dks lgh fn'kk
fujarj lq• esa jgsA ysfdu euq"; ugha ns ik jgs gSaA
tc bl pkguk dks iwjh djus pyrk
gS rks lgh f'k{kk u gksus ds dkj.k] lgh fn'kk dk irk u gksus ds dkj.k
HkVd tkrk gSA irk gh ugha dgk¡ ls] dSls] D;k djus ls lq• feysxk rks
dHkh yksgs&IykfLVd dh xkfM+;ksa ls] bZaV&iRFkj ds edkuksa ls] dikl&peM+s ds
diM+ksa&twrksa ls Hkh lq• ysus dh dksf'k'k djus yxrk gSA vkt iwjh ekuork
blh rjg HkVdh gqbZ lh fn•rh gSA pkgus vkSj djus ds chp ds bl •kyh
LFkku dks Hkjus ds fy,] euq"; dh f'k{kk vkSj fn'kk lgh djus ds fy, gh
lkjs xzaFk gSa] lkjh ijaijk,¡ gSa] lkjs xq# gSa] lkjk Kku gSA fparktud ;g gS fd
;s lc feydj Hkh ;qxksa&;qxksa ls HkVds euq"; dks lgh fn'kk ugha ns ik jgs gSa]
45
le; ls lekf/ rd
D;ksafd euq"; bUgha phtksa esa bruk csgks'k gS fd txkus okyh dksbZ Hkh vkokt
lqu ugha ik jgk gSA
ewy eqík bruk lk gh gS fd O;fÙkQ Lo;a gh tkxus dk]

tkx`fr dk fu.kZ; dc ysrk gSA le>us dk fu.kZ; dc ysrk gSA vHkh tks Hkh
lsok&O;kikj&deZ csgks'kh esa dj jgs gSa] le>us ds ckn] tkx`fr ds ckn Hkh
mUgsa fd;k gh tk ldrk gS vkSj igys ls csgrj rjhds ls fd;k tk ldrk
gSA le>us ls ;k tkx`fr ls fdlh Hkh euq"; dk] dHkh Hkh vfgr ugha gksus
okyk] iwjh çÑfr] iwjh ekuork bldk vk'oklu gSA varj dsoy bruk lk
vk,xk fd le>us ds ckn vki vijk/ ugha dj ik,axsA çÑfr dk nksgu ;k
ekuork dk 'kks"k.k ugha dj ik,axsA
vHkh tks Hkh lsok&O;kikj&deZ
csgks'kh esa dj jgs gSa] le>us ds vki ekuoh; gks tk,axsA Lo;a dks
ckn] tkx`fr ds ckn Hkh mUgsa fd;k Hkh ihfM+r ugha dj ik,axsA vki
gh tk ldrk gS vkSj igys ls vius ewy LoHkko esa ykSV tk,axsA
csgrj rjhds ls fd;k tk ldrk vius mlh cpiu esa ykSV tk,axs]
gSA le>us ls ;k tkx`fr ls fdlh tSls Fks] fu'Ny] fu"dyad] fu"iki]
Hkh euq"; dk] dHkh Hkh vfgr U;k;fç;] lR;oknhA ;kfu fcYdqy
ugha gksus okyk] iwjh çÑfr] iwjh cPps cu tk,axsA
ekuork bldk vk'oklu gSA
dksbZ Hkh cPpk pkgs
fdlh Hkh laçnk; esa tUek gks] og
tUe ls gh U;k; dk ;kpd gksrk gS] lR; oÙkQk gksrk gS] lgh dk;Z&O;ogkj dh
pkgr j•us okyk gksrk gSA ;fn mlds bu ewy xq.kksa esa gLr{ksi ;k vfrØe.k
u fd;k tk, rks og cM+k gksdj ln~iq#"k ds :i esa gh nqfu;k ds lkeus çLrqr
gksrk gS] ysfdu dsoy viuh euekfu;ksa dks iwjh djus dh xjt esa jps&x<+s
x, fHkUu&fHkUu laçnk;ksa] laLÑfr;ksa] jhfr&fjoktksa dh fofHkUu /qj&fojks/h o
voSKkfud ekU;rkvksa] lkezkT;oknh f'k{kkvksa ds gLr{ksi ds dkj.k og Hkzfer
gksrk tkrk gS] Hkz"V gksrk tkrk gSA vkt çR;sd laçnk; esa tUe ysus okys cPps
ds lkFk ;gh gks jgk gSA gks'k laHkkyrs&laHkkyrs rd gh og Hkzeksa esa iM+dj
46
tkx`fr gh fu;fr gS
bruk csgks'k gks pqdk gksrk gS fd vkxs dk iwjk thou fdlh csgks'kh esa gh
thrk gqvk lk yxrk gSA Lo;a esa gh bls tk¡p ldrs gSa] D;ksa th jgs gSa] dSls
th jgs gSa \
Hkkjr ns'k esa rks ;g ladV blfy, vk;k gS] D;ksafd tkx`fr
dh tks lgh f'k{kk vkSj nh{kk ifjokj o fo|ky;ksa esa çkFkfed Lrj ij gh gks
tkuh pkfg, Fkh] mls vkè;kfRed] xw<+] fojfÙkQ] lU;kl vkfn dh jgL;e;h
f'k{kk ?kksf"kr dj cyiwoZd] "kMÔa=kiwoZd mez ds vafre iM+ko dh f'k{kk crk
fn;k x;kA tcfd 'ks"k nqfu;k dk vHkh Hkh cgqr è;ku bl rjiQ x;k gh ugha
gSA lc ns'kksa esa ;gh dgk tk jgk gS fd vHkh rks rqe •wc la?k"kZ djds /u] in]
iSlk dekvks] 'kkafr vkSj Kku dh
,sls Fkds gq, vkSj >qa>yk, O;fÙkQ
ryk'k cq<+kis esa igqapdj djukA vkSj
ls dksbZ le>us dh ;k tkx`fr dh
tc cq<+kik vkrk gS rc rd <sjksa
ckr Hkh djs rks mls vPNk ugha
Hkze] vusdksa ekU;rk,a] okn] ijaijk,a]
fordZ&dqrdZ] f'kdos&f'kdk;rsa] yxrkA blds nks dkj.k gSa] ,d
HkM+kl&i'pkrki] bZ";kZ&}s"k] rks uhan ls dksbZ nwljk txk,] ;g
jksx&chekfj;k¡] Øks/&vgadkj tSlh dHkh Hkh] fdlh dks Hkh lgt
u tkus fdruh xanxh eu efLr"d ugha yxrk] •jkc yxrk gSA
esa Hkwls dh rjg Bqd&Bqddj Hkj tkap yhft,A
pqdh gksrh gS fd mlesa le> ;k
Kku dk çdk'k tkus ds fy, Hkh dksbZ txg 'ks"k ugha cprhA u efLr"d dh
{kerk cprh gS] u gh 'kjhj dh vk;q gh vf/d cprh gSA ,sls Fkds gq, vkSj
>qa>yk, O;fÙkQ ls dksbZ le>us dh ;k tkx`fr dh ckr Hkh djs rks mls vPNk
ugha yxrkA blds nks dkj.k gSa] ,d rks uhan ls dksbZ nwljk txk,] ;g dHkh
Hkh] fdlh dks Hkh lgt ugha yxrk] •jkc yxrk gSA tkap yhft,] 'kjhj dh
uhan ls Hkh tkxrs gSa] rks eqag fcxkM+rs gq, mBrs gSa fd vkSj FkksM+k lksus nsrsA
lqcg dks le; ls tkxrs gq, gj fdlh dks ,slk yxrk gS] tSls fdlh etcwjh
esa gh tkx jgk gSA tc HkkSfrd 'kjhj dk ;g gky gS rks lksfp, Hkksx&foykl
47
le; ls lekf/ rd
ds {kf.kd lq•ksa esa tUeksa&tUeksa ls vkdaB Mwck eu Hkyk D;ksa tkxuk pkgsxkA
mldh csgks'kh rks 'kjhj ls Hkh dgha xgjh gSA mls le>us ds fy,] tkx`fr ds
fy, dksbZ nwljk txk, rks vkSj T;knk tksj iM+rk gS] fd ns•ks ;s rks gesa lalkj
ls gh fojÙkQ gksus dks dg jgs gSaA vHkh rks vkSj /u] in] iSlk dekuk gS]
Hkksx&foykl djuk gS vkSj ;s NksM+us dks dg jgs gSaA vHkh rks vius cPpksa dks
Hkh ;gh Hkksx&foykl dk gj lq•&lqfo/k miyC/ djkuk gSA
vfHkHkkodksa dks ns•us ls gh irk py tkrk gS fd os blh

dkj.k viuh larkuksa dks larksa] ½f"k;ksa] eqfu;ksa ;k vkJeksa ls nwj j•uk pkgrs
gSa] dgha ;g oSjkxh u gks tk,] R;kxh u gks tk,A dqN yksxksa esa O;kdqyrk gksrh
Hkh gS rks os Kku ;k HkfÙkQ ekxZ dh
euq"; ds Hkhrj&ckgj Kku gh Kku
gS] dsoy igpkuuk gS vkSj le>uk dfBurkvksa ls Hk;xzLr gksdj blls
gSA blds ckn le>rs gq, thus ls nwj jgrs gSaA ,slk çpkfjr dj fn;k
gj dk;Z lgt vkSj ljy gksrk tkrk x;k gS fd le> dk ekxZ] Kku dk
gSA pwafd çÑfr gh ,slk pkgrh ekxZ] HkfÙkQ ;k lk/uk dk ekxZ csgn
gS] blfy, le> dh vksj igyk dfBu gSA ?kj] fj'rs] ukrs lc NksM+us
dne mBkrs gh frudk&frudk] iM+rs gSaA lq•&lqfo/k R;kxuh iM+rh
d.k&d.k] tjkZ&tjkZ vkids lkFk gSA 'kjhj dks rikuk&xykuk iM+rk gSA
gks tkrk gSA iwjh mez ;k dbZ&dbZ tUe yx tkrs
gSa] mlds ckn Hkh dqN Kku çkIr
gksxk] bldk dksbZ vk'oklu ugha gSA blh lquh&lqukbZ dfBurk ds dkj.k Hkh
yksx Mjs jgrs gSaA tcfd lp ;g gS fd le>uk] Kku çkIr djuk lalkj dk
lcls lgt vkSj ljy ÑR; gS] D;ksafd iwjh çÑfr gj {k.k] gj iy euq";
dks Kku esa gh Mqcks, vkSj fHkxks, gq, gS] Kku ls gh ?ksjs gq, gSA euq"; ds
Hkhrj&ckgj Kku gh Kku gS] dsoy igpkuuk gS vkSj le>uk gSA blds ckn
le>rs gq, thus ls gj dk;Z lgt vkSj ljy gksrk tkrk gSA pwafd çÑfr gh
,slk pkgrh gS] blfy, le> dh vksj igyk dne mBkrs gh frudk&frudk]
d.k&d.k] tjkZ&tjkZ vkids lkFk gks tkrk gSA
48
tkx`fr gh fu;fr gS
bl NksVh lh iqLrd esa dsoy bruh lh lwpuk nh xbZ gS fd

vki Lo;a dks dSls tku ldrs gSa \ vkt ftl LFkwy 'kjhj dks dsaæ esa j•dj
vius lkjs dk;ZØe] ;kstuk,a cukrs jgrs gSa] og vki ugha gSaA cfYd og
'kjhj rks HkkSfrd&jklk;fud nÒ;ksa ds ;ksx&la;ksx ls çkÑfrd fof/ }kjk rS;kj
vkidk ,d okgu] ,d midj.k Hkj gSA tks u lq•h gksrk gS] u nq•h gksrk
gS] u mls jksx gksrs gSa] u chekfj;k¡] u mldh bPNk,¡ gSa] u lius gSa] u mlesa
bZ";kZ gS] u }s"k gS] u fe=krk gS] u 'k=kqrk gSA cfYd bl 'kjhj esa rks ;s lc
y{k.k ds :i esa] Hkko vkSj çHkko ds :i esa] fØ;k&çfrfØ;k ds :i esa fn•rs
Hkj gSaA tSls >wB cksyk x;k] blesa 'kjhj dh fØ;k rks dsoy bruh lh gksrh
gqbZ fn•h fd thHk fgyh] dqN ok;q
vkokt ds :i esa ckgj fudyh] vkt ftl LFkwy 'kjhj dks dsaæ
tc lp cksyk tk, rks Hkh 'kjhj dh esa j•dj vius lkjs dk;ZØe]
fØ;k bruh gh fn•sxhA FkksM+k cgqr ;kstuk,a cukrs jgrs gSa] og
varj psgjs ij cnyrs Hkkoksa ds :i vki ugha gSaA cfYd og 'kjhj
vo'; fn•rk gS] vU;Fkk 'kjhj rks rks HkkSfrd&jklk;fud nÒ;ksa ds
dsoy fØ;k&çfrfØ;k djus Hkj dk ;ksx&la;ksx ls çkÑfrd fof/
midj.k gh gSA lq• gksrk gS rks psgjs }kjk rS;kj vkidk ,d okgu]
ij ,d rjg ds Hkko gksrs gSa] nq• ,d midj.k Hkj gSA
gksrk gS rks nwljs rjg ds Hkko fn•rs
gSaA MkDVj ls batsD'ku yxokrs le; LohÑfr dk Hkko gksrk gS] blfy, ml
nnZ dks vklkuh ls lgu dj fy;k tkrk gS] ysfdu ;fn dksbZ mruh cM+h
lqbZ pqHkks ns] rks ph•&fpYykgV vkSj egkHkkjr gks tk,A euq"; dk ;g 'kjhj
çtuu fof/ ls rS;kj gksrk gS] çkÑfrd fof/ ls fodflr gksrk gS] lkal ysrk
gS] /efu;ksa esa •wu nkSM+rk gS ysfdu bu lc ij euq"; dk gh dksbZ fu;a=k.k
ugha gksrkA ;kfu ftl 'kjhj dks vki viuk eku jgs gSa] og gkM+&ekal dk
yksFkM+k Hkh iwjh rjg ls vkids fu;a=k.k esa ugha gSA mls Hkh çÑfr vius
vuqlkj pykrh gSA
49
le; ls lekf/ rd
mijksÙkQ fn, x, mnkgj.kksa ;k rF;ksa esa dgha Hkh /eZ ;k

vè;kRe dh dksbZ ckr ugha dgh xbZ gSA dksbZ ,sls xw<+ ;k jgL; dh ckr Hkh
ugha gS] ftls le>us ds fy, igys lkalkfjd lq•ksa ;k dk;ks± dks R;kxuk iM+sxk
;k 'kjhj dks xykuk ;k rikuk iM+sxkA lHkh lkekU; ckrsa gSa tks vklkuh ls
le> esa vk tkrh gSa vkSj lHkh dks le>uh Hkh pkfg,] D;ksafd bUgsa vk/kj
cukdj dksbZ Hkh O;fÙkQ fdlh Hkh dk;Z dks djus ls igys lgh ;k xyr dk
fu.kZ; Lo;a ls dj ldrk gSA ;gh le> dk vkjaHk gS] blds ckn vki pkgsa
rks lkalkfjd dk;ks± esa iwjh rjg fyIr jgrs gq, Hkh fojr jg ldrs gSa ;k fojr
jgdj Hkh lkalkfjd dk;ks± dks cgqr vPNs rjhds ls dj ldrs gSaA nksuksa gh
fLFkfr;ksa ds fy, vk'oklu ;g gS
;gh le> dk vkjaHk gS] blds fd vki HkVdsaxs ugha] Hkzfer gksdj
ckn vki pkgsa rks lkalkfjd Hkh ugha ft,axs] cfYd tks Hkh djsaxs
dk;ks± esa iwjh rjg fyIr jgrs iwjs gks'kiwoZd djsaxsA ;gh le> dk
gq, Hkh fojr jg ldrs gSa ;k çek.k gSA
fojr jgdj Hkh lkalkfjd dk;ks±
dks cgqr vPNs rjhds ls dj blh vkyksd esa bl
ldrs gSaA nksuksa gh fLFkfr;ksa ds iqLrd esa ;g lwpuk nh xbZ gS fd
fy, vk'oklu ;g gS fd vki vkidks viuk vHkh ,d gkM+&ek¡l
HkVdsaxs ughaA dk 'kjhj fn•rk gS] tcfd okLro
esa ;g lkr 'kjhjksa dk xBca/u gSA
LFkwy 'kjhj ds ihNs ds ;s 'kjhj gh vkids lq•&nq•] Kku&vKku ds dkj.k
gSa] fØ;kvksa&çfrfØ;kvksa ds fy, ftEesnkj gSaA tSls vkids lHkh jksx&chekfj;k¡
Hkko 'kjhj esa gksrh gSa ;k FkksM+h cgqr mlls Hkh ihNs ds lw{e 'kjhj esaA djkSyh
ljdkj ds njckj esa blh Hkko vkSj lw{e 'kjhj ls {k.k Hkj esa 'kjhfjd jksx
vkSj ekufld chekfj;k¡ nwj dj nh tkrh gSaA lkekU; tu bl Hkko ;k lw{e
'kjhj ds ckjs gh ugha tkurs rks muds fy, ;g jgL; ;k peRdkj yxrh gSa]
ysfdu Hkko 'kjhj gksus ds dkj.k lc dqN Hkkoksa ls gks tkrk gSA u tk¡p fjiksVZ
dh vko';drk gksrh] u nokb;ksa dhA ;s lkr 'kjhj Hkh ik¡p dks"k ls tqM+s gSa]
50
tkx`fr gh fu;fr gS
tgk¡ ls mUgsa muds eryc dh •qjkd feyrh jgrh gSA blds lkFk gh lkr
eq[; pØ gSa] tks bu lkr 'kjhjksa dh fØ;kvksa&çfrfØ;kvksa dk fu/kZj.k djrs
gSaA bu pØksa dks tksM+rs gq, rhu eq[; ukfM+;ksa ds ekè;e ls ,d fo'ks"k ÅtkZ
cgrh gS] ftls dqaMfyuh 'kfÙkQ dgrs gSaA çR;sd O;fÙkQ blh mtkZ] bUgha pØksa
vkSj 'kjhjksa ds v/hu gS] mUgha ls fu;af=kr gSA ;g çkÑfrd O;oLFkk gS] tks bl
okLrfodrk dks le> ysrk gS] rks buds vk/kj ij gh lgh&xyr ds fu.kZ;
ysus vkjaHk dj nsrk gS] vU;Fkk HkVdrk gh jgrk gS vkSj lksp Hkh ugha ikrk
gS fd D;ksa vkSj dSls mldh ftanxh esa mFky&iqFky eph gqbZ gSA ysfdu] lgh
dh lwpuk feyus ds ckn igyk cnyko rks ;g gksrk gS fd mldh ftanxh
O;ofLFkr gks tkrh gS] mFky&iqFky
ugha gksrh] gksrh gS rks mlls og ;g çkÑfrd O;oLFkk gS] tks bl
ijs'kku ugha gksrkA vkjke ls ftanxh okLrfodrk dks le> ysrk gS]
iwjh dj ldrk gS ;k pkgs rks LosPNk rks buds vk/kj ij gh lgh&xyr
ls vkxs dh ;k=kk Hkh vkjaHk dj ds fu.kZ; ysus vkjaHk dj nsrk
ldrk gSA dqaMfyuh ÅtkZ ds la;ksx gS] vU;Fkk HkVdrk gh jgrk gS
ls lekf/ dh voLFkk] mlls Hkh vkSj lksp Hkh ugha ikrk gS fd
vkxs tkx`fr dh voLFkk] mlls Hkh D;ksa vkSj dSls mldh ftanxh esa
vkxs fuokZ.k dh voLFkk çkIr dj mFky&iqFky eph gqbZ gSA
ldrk gSA ;g euq"; dh bPNk]
cqf¼] foosd ij fuHkZj gSA yk• Vds dh ckr ;g gS fd blds fy, dqN Hkh
R;kx ugha djuk iM+rk] cfYd tc cM+k lq• feyrk gS rks NksVk lq• Lo;a gh
NwV tkrk gS] tc lgh jkLrk fey tkrk gS rks xyr jkLrs ij dksbZ ugha tkuk
pkgrk] vki Hkh ugha tk,axsA blh fo'okl ds lkFk 'kjhj] dks"k] pØksa] ukM+h]
dqaMfyuh] è;ku] lekf/ ds ckjs esa dqN lwpuk,a çLrqr iqLrd esa nh xbZ gSaA
Lo;a tkafp, vkSj fu.kZ; yhft,A
gfjgj
51
le; ls lekf/ rd
lek/ku •ksft,] leL;k,¡ ugha
bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk ,oa vuqla/ku dsaæ] djkSyh /ke ds njckj

esa dksjksuk ykWdMkmu ds i'pkr ,dk,d vkWfVTe o ikxyiu ls ihfM+r jksfx;ksa
dh la[;k c<+us yxhA igys bDdk&nqDdk ihfM+r vkrs Fks] ysfdu tSls gh os
Bhd gq, rks iwjs ns'k esa ;g ppkZ iQSy xbZ vkSj vc çfrfnu ntZu&vk/k ntZu
ihfM+r dsoy bl chekjh ds gh vk gh jgs gSaA ;g ,d ,slh chekjh gS] tks
vf/dka'k cPpksa dks xHkZdky esa gh gks tkrh gS] ysfdu idM+ esa ugha vkrhA
tSls&tSls 'kjhj dh vk;q c<+rh gS] oSls&oSls bldk irk py ikrk gSA efLr"d
vkSj 'kjhj ds chp lkeatL; gh ugha jgrkA
vk/qfud fpfdRlk esa bldk dksbZ mipkj ugha gSA muds fy,
;g ykbykt chekjh gSA cfYd vf/drj yksx bls ekufld chekjh ekudj
mipkj djrs&djkrs jgrs gSa] ftlls leL;k lekIr gksus ;k de gksus ds ctk,
c<+rh tkrh gSA ysfdu] vk'p;Ztud :i ls djkSyh /ke ds njckj dh fof/;ksa
dk ikyu djus ij ;g Bhd gks xbZ] fdlh dh 'kr çfr'kr lekIr gks xbZ rks
52
fdlh esa bruh gh jg xbZ fd vc og fcuk fdlh enn ds viuk thou th

ldrk gSA vkWfVTe ihfM+rksa ds fy, djkSyh /ke dk njckj thounkf;uh rhFkZ
LFky cu x;k gSA ;gk¡ cgqr gh ljyrk ls mudk mipkj gks tkrk gSA ihfM+r
vk jgs gSa] ykHk ikdj tk jgs gSaA lsok] çflf¼ vkSj O;olk; dh n`f"V ls fdlh
Hkh laLFkk ;k laLFkku ds fy, ;g cM+h miyfC/ gS] ysfdu fdlh xq# ds fy,
;g i;kZIr ugha gSA xq# dk nkf;Ro jksxh dks Bhd djuk rks gS] ysfdu mlls Hkh
cM+k nkf;Ro gS fd ekuo ek=k esa fdlh dks Hkh ,slk dksbZ jksx u yxs] blds fy,
lekt dks f'kf{kr vkSj tkx`r dj nsukA blh vkyksd esa djkSyh /ke ds xq# th MkW
larks"k flag HknkSfj;k th us vuqla/ku fd, gSaA bu vuqla/kuksa ds Øe esa gh irk
pyk gS fd nwljs jksxksa ds rjg gh
;g jksx Hkh fn•rk LFkwy 'kjhj esa gh xq# dk nkf;Ro jksxh dks Bhd
gS] ysfdu bldh tM+ Hkh Hkko 'kjhj djuk rks gS] ysfdu mlls Hkh cM+k
esa gh gksrh gS] ftldk iw.kZ mipkj nkf;Ro gS fd ekuo ek=k esa fdlh
dsoy vkS"kf/;ksa vkfn ls laHko ugha dks Hkh ,slk dksbZ jksx u yxs] blds
gSA blds fy, Hkko 'kjhj ds Lrj fy, lekt dks f'kf{kr vkSj tkx`r
ij tkdj fo'ks"k ÅtkZ }kjk bZ'ojh; dj nsukA blh vkyksd esa djkSyh
fpfdRlk djuh gksrh gSA jksxh Bhd /ke ds xq# th MkW larks"k flag
gks tkrk gSA blls Hkh egRoiw.kZ ckr HknkSfj;k th us vuqla/ku fd, gSaA
;g gS fd ;fn vfHkHkkod tkx`r gSa
rks fdlh Hkh cPps dks ;g chekjh gksxh gh ugha] D;ksafd Hkko 'kjhj esa gksus
okyh bl chekjh dk dkj.k firj&iwoZt gSaA mUgsa eqÙkQ dj fn;k tkrk gS rks
chekjh Bhd gks tkrh gSA ifjokj esa vkxs iSnk gksus okyh larkusa Hkh iwjh rjg
LoLFk iSnk gksrh gSaA ;kfu iwoZtksa dh eqfÙkQ dk rks ,d dk;ZØe gS gh] tks lHkh
ds fy, vfuok;Z gS] mlds ckn Lo;a Hkh le>nkj gksuk iM+sxk] D;ksafd dsoy
,d chekjh vkfVTe gh ugha] cfYd ikxyiu] dSalj ;k ,M~l tSlh Hkh lHkh
chekfj;ksa dk ewy dkj.k Hkko 'kjhj gh gS vkSj tc rd çR;sd O;fÙkQ vius
Hkko 'kjhj dks ugha le> ysxk] rc rd u rks og Lo;a loZFkk jksxeqÙkQ jgsxk]
u mldh larkusa vkSj u 'ks"k ifjokjA
53
le; ls lekf/ rd
vk'k; ;g gS fd ;fn O;fÙkQ dks Lo;a LoLFk vkSj ck/keqÙkQ

gksuk gS rks mls vius Lo ds ckjs esa U;wure Kku gksuk pkfg,A ;fn iwjs ifjokj
dks loZFkk LoLFk vkSj ck/keqÙkQ jguk gS rks ifjokj ds çR;sd lnL; dks vius
Lo dk Kku gksuk pkfg,A ;gh Kku djkuk xq# dk nkf;Ro gS vkSj djkSyh /ke
ds njckj dh çkFkfedrk Hkh ;gh gSA ysfdu fujk'kktud ;g gS fd vf/la[;
yksx njckj dk iwjk ykHk ugha mBk ik jgs gSaA os njckj esa dsoy jksx&chekjh
dk bl rjg mipkj djkus vk jgs gSa] tSls fd fdlh vLirky esa ;k fdlh
fpfdRld ds ;gka tkrs gSaA os njckj ls Bhd Hkh gks tkrs gSa] ysfdu muds fy,
blls Hkh cM+k volj ;g gksrk gS fd og firjksa&iwoZtksa dk gh ugha] viuh
vkxs vkus ihf<+;ksa dk Hkh m¼kj dj
;fn iwjs ifjokj dks loZFkk ldrs gSaA njckj ;gh pkgrk gS fd
LoLFk vkSj ck/keqÙkQ jguk gS de ls de çR;sd O;fÙkQ vius
rks ifjokj ds çR;sd lnL; dks Lo ds ckjs esa bruk rks tku ys fd
vius fu.kZ; vius foosd ls ys ldsa]
vius Lo dk Kku gksuk pkfg,A
dksbZ nwljk O;fÙkQ] dksbZ ekU;rk] dksbZ
;gh Kku djkuk xq# dk nkf;Ro laçnk; ijaijk] dksbZ lekt mudks
gS vkSj djkSyh /ke ds njckj ew•Z u cuk ldsA
dh çkFkfedrk Hkh ;gh gSA
blhfy, njckj dk
Kku i{k ij] le>us&le>kus ij
vf/d tksj gSA tks le>uk pkgsa] muds fy, le>us dh] vè;;u dh nks
fof/;ka gSa] ,d fla/q ls fcanq rd] nwljh fcanq ls fla/q rdA igyh dk vk'k;
;g gS fd loZçFke oLrq dks iwjk ns•k tk,] iwjk le>k tk, vkSj iw.kZrk ds
lkFk lexzrk esa mldk vè;;u fd;k tk,] fiQj vè;;u djrs gq, gh mlds
NksVs ls NksVs fcanq rd igq¡pk tk,A tSls vk;qoZsfnd fpfdRlk f'k{kk esa O;fÙkQ
ds iwjs 'kjhj dk lexz vè;;u gksrk gS] fiQj ,d&,d vax dk laiw.kZ 'kjhj
ds lkFk laca/] lkeatL; dk vè;;u gksrk gS] fiQj ml vax ds Hkh ,d&,d
vo;o dh xfrfof/ o 'ks"k 'kjhj ls mlds laca/ dk vè;;u gksrk gSA vkSj
54
;g lc 'kjhj ds fdlh Hkh fgLls esa phj&iQkM+ fd, fcuk] fgLls vyx&vyx
fd, fcuk gksrk gSA dsoy çHkkoksa vkSj y{k.kksa ds vk/kj ij gksrk gSA ;g bruk
lVhd gksrk gS fd ;ksX; oS| dsoy ukM+h ns•dj crk nsrs gSa fd 'kjhj ds fdl
vax esa D;k O;o/ku vk;k gS] D;k jksx yxk gS vkSj mipkj D;k gS \ gtkjksa
o"kZ igys tc esfMdy tk¡p e'khusa ugha Fkha] ç;ksx'kkyk,¡ ugha Fkha] rc ls os
oS| mipkj dj jgs gSa] ftudh cjkcjh vkt Hkh esfMdy lkbal ugha dj ik
jgh gSA ;kfu igys fla/q :ih iwjs 'kjhj dks le>k] fiQj fcanq :ih ,d&,d
vax&vo;o dks le> fy;kA
nwljh fof/ esa vk/qfud f'k{kk dk mnkgj.k gSA esfMdy

lkbal esa ,d&,d vax dks 'kjhj
gtkjksa o"kZ igys tc esfMdy
ls vyx djds le>us dh dksf'k'k
tk¡p e'khusa ugha Fkha] ç;ksx'kkyk,¡
dh tkrh gSA blhfy, vk¡• ds
ugha Fkha] rc ls os oS| mipkj dj
fpfdRld vyx gSa] ukd ds vyx
jgs gSa] ftudh cjkcjh vkt Hkh
gSa rks dku ds vyx gSaA vk¡• ds
esfMdy lkbal ugha dj ik jgh gSA
fpfdRld dks cq•kj vkrk gS rks
;kfu igys fla/q :ih iwjs 'kjhj dks
og nwljs fpfdRld ds ikl viuk
le>k] fiQj fcanq :ih ,d&,d
mipkj djkus tkrk gSA ltZu dh
vax&vo;o dks le> fy;kA
vk¡• esa rdyhiQ gks rks og nwljs
fpfdRld ds ;gk¡ tkrk gSA ;g pwd
blfy, gqbZ gS fd vk/qfud fpfdRlk] fcanw ls vkjaHk dj vHkh rd fcanqvksa ij
gh vVdh gqbZ gSA fla/q rd ugha igq¡p jghA ;g vo'; gS fd rhoz jklk;fud
vkS"kf/;ksa ls vax fo'ks"k dks çHkkfor dj tYnh jkgr ns nh tkrh gS] ysfdu
;g jkgr vkxs pydj dks<+ esa •kt gh fl¼ gksrh gSA jksx Bhd ugha gksrk]
cfYd nc tkrk gS] tks vkxs tkdj fodjky :i ysrk gSA ogha vaxzsth nokb;ksa
ds lsou ls çfrfØ;kLo:i vkSj Hkh u,&u, çdkj ds jksx iui tkrs gSaA
blhfy, lgh tk¡p gksus ds ckotwn jksfx;ksa dh la[;k c<+rh tk jgh gSA ,slk
gh nwljk mnkgj.k gS] Hkkjr ds taxy esa cSBs ½f"k d.kkfn tSls larksa us lfn;ksa
55
le; ls lekf/ rd
igys ?kks"k.kkiwoZd crk fn;k Fkk fd iwjh l`f"V ijek.kq rRo ls jfpr gSA ijek.kq
jpuk esa cnyko gh l`tu vkSj foèoal gSA vk/qfud foKkuh l`f"V dks le>us
ds fy, igys ijek.kq dks rksM+ jgs gSa] tks va'k ugha VwV jgs gSa] mUgsa rksM+us dk
tru dj jgs gSaA blds cgqr lkjs nq"çHkko iwjh i`Foh dks >syus iM+ jgs gSaA
mudk Hkh ,dek=k rdZ ;gh gS fd gesa le>uk gSA
;gk¡ bu çlaxksa dk o.kZu blfy, fd;k tk jgk gS] rkfd

gj euq"; dks Lo;a ds }kjk gh Lo;a dks iw.kZ :i ls le>us esa vklkuh gksA
le>us&le>kus ds uke ij dksbZ HkVdk u ldsA vU;Fkk djkSyh /ke ds
njckj esa ,sls vusd mnkgj.k ns•s tk jgs gSa tksfd cM+h ukephu xq# ijaijk ls
tqM+s gksus] yacs le; ls nhf{kr gksus
ijek.kq jpuk esa cnyko gh l`tu
ds ckotwn lk/d dgha ugha igqaps]
vkSj foèoal gSA vk/qfud foKkuh
cfYd mYVk gks x;k] HkfÙkQ vkSj Kku
l`f"V dks le>us ds fy, igys
ekxZ ij pyrs gq, Hkh] lkalkfjd
ijek.kq dks rksM+ jgs gSa] tks va'k
O;fÙkQ;ksa ls Hkh vf/d HkVd x,
ugha VwV jgs gSa] mUgsa rksM+us dk
gSa] iQal x, gSa] euksjksxh gks x, gSaA
tru dj jgs gSaA blds cgqr lkjs
;g xyr f'k{kk] xyr n`f"V vkSj
nq"çHkko iwjh i`Foh dks >syus iM+
xyr xq# ;k xyr ijaijk ds dkj.k
jgs gSaA gqvk gSA bUgha vuqHkoksa ds vk/kj
ij djkSyh /ke ds xq# th MkW larks"k
flag HknkSfj;k lko/ku djrs gq, dgrs gSa] îgys lwpuk :i esa lgh tkudkjh
lk/d dks ysuh pkfg,] mlds ckn ;ksX; xq# ds lkfuè; esa vè;;u&vH;kl
djuk pkfg,A blh n`f"V ds lkFk nh{kk ls ysdj lekf/ rd le>kus ds fy,
bl iqLrd esa dqN egRoiw.kZ lwpuk,¡ nh tk jgh gSa] tks fla/q ls fcanq dks le>us
esa lgk;rk djsaxh vkSj fcanq ls fla/q dksA çR;sd euq"; esa eq[; :i ls nks 'kjhj
fn•rs gSa] ,d LFkwy 'kjhj tksfd gkM+&ek¡l dk cuk gS] tks vk¡•ksa ls fn•rk
gSA nwljk 'kjhj tks vk¡•ksa ls ugha fn•rk ysfdu lHkh dks eglwl gksrk gS fd
LFkwy 'kjhj dks dksbZ u dksbZ pyk jgk gSA blh 'kjhj dks thou 'kjhj cksyrs
56
gSaA tc vkSj FkksM+k lk T;knk è;ku nsrs gSa rks irk pyrk gS fd thou 'kjhj Hkh
,d ugha gS] cfYd og lkr 'kjhjksa dk ,d iqat gSA ;s lkrksa 'kjhj] lkr eq[;
pØksa ls lac¼ gSa] iwjd gSaA tSls&tSls pØ tkx`r gksrs jgrs gSa] oSls&oSls ;s
'kjhj vius çHkkoksa ds lkFk lfØ; gksrs tkrs gSa] tks O;fÙkQ ds cnyrs vkpj.k
ds :i esa fn•rs gSaA blh vkpj.k ls irk pyrk gS fd bl le; ml euq";
dk lapkyu dkSu lk pØ] dkSu lk 'kjhj dj jgk gSA ,slk lef>;s fd ;fn
LFkwy 'kjhj ls tqM+k ewyk/kj pØ tkx`r gks x;k rks Hkksx&okluk vkSj czÞp;Z
esa larqyu l/ tk,xkA ;g ekuoh;rk dh igyh lh<+h gS vkSj nwljk pØ
Lokf/"Bku pØ tkx`r gks x;k rks O;fÙkQ Hkko 'kjhj esa vk x;kA vc mldk
Øks/] bZ";kZ] }s"k] jksx] chekfj;k¡
larqfyr gks tk,axhA bu pØksa&'kjhjksa fiQj Hkh dsoy le>us esa lgtrk
dks tkx`r vkSj lfØ; djus dk dk;Z ds fy, lwpukRed :i ls
buds chp ls cg jgh ÅtkZ ls gksrk muds ckjs esa vxys vè;k;ksa esa
vyx&vyx tkudkjh nh xbZ gSA
gS] tks likZdkj esa bu pØksa ds chp
dsoy bl vkxzg ds lkFk fd
ls cgrh gSA bls gh dqaMfyuh dgk dksbZ O;fÙkQ Kkuh cuuk pkgs ;k
tkrk gS vkSj tks rhu eq[; ukfM+;ksa u pkgs ysfdu vius Lo ds ckjs
ls le> esa vk tkrh gSA ukM+h ds esa U;wure Kku vo'; çkIr dj
tkudkj blh ÅtkZ dks ns•dj O;fÙkQ ys] ;ksx&çk.kk;ke dh rjg ls ghA
ds lHkh jksxksa ds ckjs esa crk nsrs gSaA
;g mtkZ] pØ] 'kjhj vyx&vyx ugha gks ldrs] bUgsa fla/q ls fcanq rd] dh
rtZ ij laiw.kZrk esa gh le>uk gksxkA fiQj Hkh dsoy le>us esa lgtrk ds
fy, lwpukRed :i ls muds ckjs esa vxys vè;k;ksa esa vyx&vyx tkudkjh
nh xbZ gSA dsoy bl vkxzg ds lkFk fd dksbZ O;fÙkQ Kkuh cuuk pkgs ;k
u pkgs ysfdu vius Lo ds ckjs esa U;wure Kku vo'; çkIr dj ys] ;ksx
çk.kk;ke dh rjg ls ghA ysfdu fcuk vfrokn esa iQalsA vfrokn ds dkj.k
gh ;ksx&çk.kk;ke Kku ds lkFk ,slh nq?kZVuk gks pqdh gSA egf"kZ iratfy vkSj
ledkyhu euhf"k;ksa us euq"; 'kjhj dk xgu vè;;u&vuqla/ku djus ds ckn
;ksx dh eqæk,¡ fodflr dha] rkfd ije Kku çkIr djus esa 'kjhj Hkh ekè;e
57
le; ls lekf/ rd
vkSj lgk;d cu ldsA ysfdu dkykarj esa vuko';d :i ls ikafMR; çn'kZu

ds dkj.k dqN fo}kuksa us ;ksx&çk.kk;ke ds Kku dks bruk tfVy vkSj dfBu
cukdj çpkfjr dj fn;k fd lkekU; ;k x`gLFk O;fÙkQ mldk Kku çkIr
djus ;k vH;kl djus ls gh Mjus yxkA varr% ;ksx dk yksi lk gksus yxkA
fiNys dqN o"kks± ls fiQj ls ;ksx&çk.kk;ke vke yksxksa ds thou esa ykSVk gSA
gkykafd bldh okilh Kku dh n`f"V ls ugha gqbZ gS cfYd vc Hkh dqN yksxksa
us vius lkekftd vkSj O;kolkf;d fgr iwjk djus ds fy, ;ksx dks dsoy
'kjhj LokLF; ls tksM+dj çLrqr dj fn;k gSA KkrO; gS fd ftl le; ;ksx
eqæk,a fodflr dh xbZ Fkha] ml le; esa u rks eksVkis dh chekjh Fkh] u CyM
çs'kj dh leL;k Fkh] u ruko] u
vke tuekul ls vius Lo dks volknA ;kfu dsoy chekfj;ksa ls
U;wure :i ls le>us dk vkxzg yM+us ds fy, ;ksx eqæk,a fodflr
Hkh blh n`f"V ls fd;k tk jgk ugha gqbZ Fkha] cfYd lk/uk ds fy,
gSA blh mís'; ls ;g iqLrd Hkh FkhaA fiQj Hkh ;g dgk tk ldrk gS
fy•h xbZ gSA U;wure ij pydj
fd Hkys gh ;ksx ds çpkj ds ihNs
tc dHkh vf/dre dh I;kl
dh vk/qfud n`f"V mfpr u jgh gks]
txsxh] rks mlds fy, djkSyh /ke
dk njckj Kku ds lkxj ds :i ysfdu yksxksa }kjk ;ksx&çk.kk;ke ds
esa miyC/ gh gSA viuk, tkus ls mlds ldkjkRed
ifj.kke fn• jgs gSaA ;ksx&çk.kk;ke
dk ;g U;wure Kku LokLF; ds ekè;e ls gh lgh] yksxksa ds thou esa dqN
cht cksus dk dk;Z dj gh jgk gSA tc dHkh volj vk,xk rks ;s gh yksx
U;wure ls vf/dre Kku dk ekxZ Hkh vklkuh ls idM+ ysaxsA muds fy,
lk/d cuuk vklku jgsxkA vke tuekul ls vius Lo dks U;wure :i ls
le>us dk vkxzg Hkh blh n`f"V ls fd;k tk jgk gSA blh mís'; ls ;g iqLrd
Hkh fy•h xbZ gSA U;wure ij pydj tc dHkh vf/dre dh I;kl txsxh] rks
mlds fy, djkSyh /ke dk njckj Kku ds lkxj ds :i esa miyC/ gh gSA
gfjgj
58
vki esa lkr 'kjhj gSa
fuokZ.k 'kjhj Body Less Body
czã 'kjhj Cosmic Body
vkRe 'kjhj Spiritual Body
eul 'kjhj Mental Body
lw{e 'kjhj Astral Body
Hkko 'kjhj Etheric Body
LFkwy 'kjhj Physical Body
euq"; ek=k dh leLr leL;kvksa dk ewy dkj.k vius LFkwy

'kjhj dks gh eSa ;k Lo;a ekudj thuk gSA tks O;fÙkQ] ftl fnu Lo;a ds thou
vkSj 'kjhj dks vyx&vyx le>uk vkjaHk dj nsrk gS] mlh fnu ls mldh
le>nkjh dh ;k=kk vkjaHk gks tkrh gSA euq"; dk LFkwy 'kjhj fn•rk gS] ckdh
ds Ng 'kjhj vk¡•ksa ls ugha fn•rsA ,slk ugha gS fd os vn`'; gSa] ysfdu mUgsa
ns•us ds fy, fo'ks"k n`f"V dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ,slh n`f"V dks ikus dh
ykylk Hkh gksuh pkfg,] ysfdu mlls egRoiw.kZ ;g gS fd igys bUgsa lwpuk
:i esa tku fy;k tk,] fiQj è;kuiwoZd le>k tk,A ;gh le> dh ;k=kk dk
vkjaHk gS vkSj blh ds fy, ;s lwpuk,¡ ek=k gSaA
1- LFkwy 'kjhj ;k HkkSfrd 'kjhj
lkr /krqvksa jl] jÙkQ] ek¡l] esn&olk] vfLFk] eTtk] 'kqØ ls

feydj tks 'kjhj cuk gS] mls LFkwy 'kjhj ;k HkkSfrd 'kjhj dgrs gSaA bl 'kjhj
dks thou pykrk gSA thou Hkh iqatkdkj esa blh 'kjhj dk :i fy, jgrk gSA
blfy, mls thou 'kjhj dgk tkrk gSA iqat vkdkj dk ;g thou 'kjhj HkkSfrd
59
le; ls lekf/ rd
o vHkkSfrd nksuksa rRoksa ls feydj cuk gksrk gSA blh dks feykdj 'ks"k Ng
'kjhj igpkus x, gSaA xHkZdky ls ysdj vxys lkr o"kZ rd LFkwy 'kjhj dk
fuekZ.k pyrk gSA blds ckn lkr&lkr o"kZ ds varjky ckn os lfØ; gksrs gSaA
çFke lkr o"kZ esa dsoy LFkwy 'kjhj gh çeq•rk ls c<+rk gSA pwafd lkr o"kZ
dh vk;q rd dsoy HkkSfrd vax&vo;oksa esa gh o`f¼ gksrh gS] blfy, mlesa
cqf¼] Hkkouk] dkeuk] fopkj vkfn fodflr ugha gksrsA blhfy, lkr o"kZ ds
cPps dsoy vuqdj.k&vuqlj.k djrs ns•s tkrs gSaA mudk Øks/] çse vkfn Hkko
Hkh {kf.kd gh gksrs gSa vkSj dsoy çfrfØ;k Lo:i gksrs gSaA mudk iwjk dk;ZØe
'kjhj dks cuk, j•us ds mís'; ls gh gksrk gS] blfy, cPpk gj pht dks eq¡g
esa ysus dh] •kus dh dksf'k'k djrk ns•k tkrk gSA igys lkr o"kZ esa 'kjhj ds
vax vo;o fodflr gks tkrs gSaA vkxs ds dqN o"kks± esa bu vax vo;oksa esa
vkSj o`f¼ gksrh gS] ftls 'kjhj dk c<+uk dgrs gSa] ysfdu ,d vk;q ds ckn
budh o`f¼ Hkh Bgj tkrh gSA
2- Hkko 'kjhj
LFkwy 'kjhj fodflr gksrs gq, fn•rk gS] tcfd bls

lapkfyr dj jgk thou 'kjhj dk iqat Hkh mlh vkdkj esa c<+rk tkrk gS] tks
fn•rk ughaA bl iqat dk lcls ckgjh ry tks LFkwy 'kjhj ds lh/s Nq, jgrk
gS] mls Hkko 'kjhj dgrs gSaA vaxzsth esa mls bZFkfjd ckWMh dgrs gSa] D;ksafd ;g
ekU;rk gS fd blesa bZFkj rRo tksfd HkkSfrd rRo gS] mldh ç/kurk gksrh gSA
e`R;q ds i'pkr tc LFkwy 'kjhj u"V gks tkrk gS] mlds ckn Hkh dqN fo'ks"k
yksxksa dks ;k fo'ks"k ç;klksa ls ml 'kjhj tSlh dksbZ vkÑfr ;nk&dnk fn•
tkrh gSA ;g bZFkj ;kfu HkkSfrd rRo dh ç/kurk gksus ds dkj.k gh fn•rh gSA
Hkko 'kjhj dh bl vkÑfr dks gh çsr ds :i esa igpkuk x;k gSA tSlkfd uke
ls gh çrhr gks jgk gS] blh Hkko 'kjhj esa lc Hkkouk,¡ gksrh gSa] tksfd LFkwy
'kjhj ds es/l ds ekè;e ls lwpukvksa dk vknku&çnku djrh gSaA pwafd lkr
o"kZ ds ckn LFkwy 'kjhj ds vax vo;oksa esa Hkh lfØ;rk vk tkrh gS] blfy,
mudk çHkko bl Hkko 'kjhj ij gksus yxrk gSA bl rjg ls LFkwy 'kjhj vkSj
60
Hkko 'kjhj ,d nwljs ls iwjs rjg fpid tkrs gSa] vkfyaxu fd, jgrs gSaA LFkwy
'kjhj ds dkj.k gh Hkksx] dke] okluk] vkd"kZ.k] çfrd"kZ.k vkfn ds Hkko bl
vk;q esa cgqr çcy gksrs gSaA blh vk;q esa cPps ds HkVdus dh laHkkouk vf/d
gksrh gSA ;fn ugha laHkys rks vkxs pydj Hkksx] okluk vkfn ds Hkko ds dkj.k
blh 'kjhj esa vf/drj jksx iSnk gksrs gSa] ftuds çHkko LFkwy 'kjhj esa y{k.kksa
ds :i esa fn•rs gSaA
3- lw{e 'kjhj ;k dkj.k 'kjhj
Hkko 'kjhj ds ckn vxys lkr o"kZ rd ;kfu 21 o"kZ dh vk;q

rd lw{e 'kjhj fodflr gksrk gSA bl 'kjhj esa bZFkj rRo dkiQh de ek=kk esa
jgrk gSA blfy, ;g vklkuh ls ugha fn•rk] u idM+ esa vkrkA blh dkj.k
rkaf=kdksa dks lcls T;knk /ks•k ;gh 'kjhj nsrk gSA bl 'kjhj esa cqf¼] fopkj
vkSj rdZ dk fodkl gksrk gSA vHkh rd pkSng&iaæg ;k lksyg o"kZ rd dh
vk;q ds cPps Hkkoqdrk esa fu.kZ; ys jgs Fks] ysfdu bl 'kjhj ds fodkl ds
vkjaHk gksrs gh cqf¼ lfØ; gks tkrh gSA os rdZ djus yxrs gSaA blhfy, cPps
bl mez esa T;knk okn&fookn] cgl] fØ;k&çfrfØ;k djrs ns•s tkrs gSaA og
f'k{kk] laLÑfr] lH;rk ij ckr djus yxrs gSaA blh lfØ;rk dks ns•rs gq,
lekt Hkh Lohdkj dj ysrk gS fd ;g vc vius vPNs&cqjs dk fu.kZ; ys
ldrk gS] blfy, 18 o"kZ dh vk;q ls mUgsa laoS/kfud :i ls erkf/dkj Hkh
ns fn;k tkrk gSA blh dkj.k ;g Hkh ekuk tkrk gS fd og vc viuh x`gLFkh
pyk ldrk gS] blfy, mls 'kknh&fookg dh Hkh NwV fey tkrh gSA
4- eul 'kjhj ;k egkdkj.k 'kjhj ;k rqjh; 'kjhj
lw{e 'kjhj ds 21 o"kZ rd iw.kZ fodflr gksus ds ckn eul

'kjhj dk fodkl vkjaHk gksrk gSA uke ls gh çrhr gks jgk gS] ;gk¡ eu dh
ç/kurk gSA dYiuk,¡ vkSj lius mM+ku Hkjus yxrs gSaA bl 'kjhj ds lfØ; gksus
ds ckn O;fÙkQ eu ls •syus yxrk gS] vius eu ls Hkh •syrk gS] nwljksa ds eu
ls Hkh •sy ldrk gSA tgk¡ Hkh è;ku yxk,axs] dqN vyx gh fn•sxk] vuwBs gh
61
le; ls lekf/ rd
vuqHko gksaxsA muds fy, xf.kr Hkh euksjatu dk fo"k; cu tkrk gS] rks inkFkks±
ds lkFk og thoarrk dk vuqHko dj ldrk gSA oSKkfud] fpfdRld] laxhrK]
xk;d] ys•d vkfn blh 'kjhj dh lfØ;rk ds dkj.k iSnk gksrs gSaA og pkgs
rks Lo;a ds vanj mrj dj cgqr dqN >k¡d ldrk gS] pkgs rks 'kjhj ds ckgj
tkdj cgqr dqN ns• ldrk gS ;kfu yxHkx lVhd dYiuk,¡ dj ldrk gSA
LoIu vkSj dYiuk dk tc :ikarj.k gksrk gS rks O;fÙkQ fnO; n`f"V ik ysrk gSA
og bl rjg dh e'khusa cuk ldrk gSA vHkh foKku }kjk nwjxeu] nwjJo.k]
nwjn'kZu ds fy, tks Hkh dqN dj jgk gS] og blh eul 'kjhj dh lfØ;rk
okys O;fÙkQ;ksa ds dkj.k dj ik jgk gSA dsoy bruk gh ugha gS] cfYd Hkkjrh;
euhf"k;ksa us lHkh {ks=kksa o fo"k;ksa esa blh ds vk/kj ij cgqr Kku çkIr fd;k
gSA L=kh iq#"k dk Hksn blh 'kjhj rd gh jgrk gS] bldh tkx`fr ds i'pkr ;g
Hksn Hkh feV tkrk gS] vFkkZr ik¡poka 'kjhj dk }kj •qy tkrk gSA
5- vkRe 'kjhj
eul 'kjhj ds 28osa o"kZ esa iw.kZ gks tkus ds ckn ik¡posa 'kjhj
dk fodkl vkjaHk gksrk gSA ;g ik¡poka 'kjhj vkRe 'kjhj dgykrk gSA ;gk¡
L=kh&iq#"k dk Hksn feV tkrk gSA bl 'kjhj dh lfØ;rk ij v}Sr dh ubZ ;k=kk
vkjaHk gksrh gSA vkRek] ijekRek] /eZ] vkuan lHkh blh 'kjhj dh lfØ;rk ds
fo"k; gSaA lkjs /eZ 'kkL=k] deZdkaM] fof/&fo/ku blh 'kjhj dh ç/kurk okyksa
us jps gSaA lkjh fo}rk] lkjh oSKkfudrk ;gha ij pje dks ik tkrh gSA
6- czã 'kjhj
ik¡posa 'kjhj dh ;k=kk iwjh gksus ds lkr o"kZ ckn NBosa 'kjhj
dh ;k=kk vkjaHk gksrh gSA czã 'kjhj ;kfu ;gk¡ ls czãkaM dh ;k=kk vkjaHk gksrh
gSA lkjk Kku] rdZ] fo}rk ik¡posa 'kjhj rd gh jg tkrh gSA NBosa 'kjhj dh
lfØ;rk lhekvksa ds ikj pyh tkrh gS] vuar dh vksjA psruk dh lhek Hkh
62
ikj gks tkrh gSA tM+&pSrU; ds Hksn Hkh feV tkrs gSaA inkFkZ Hkh psru fn•us
yxrk gSA psru Hkh iRFkj fn• tkrk gSA czãkaMh; lR;ksa ls lk{kkRdkj gksrk gSA
u dksbZ Bgjko gS] u foLrkj dk varA jgL;oknh yksx bldh ckrsa djrs gq,
ns•s&lqus tkrs gSa] ysfdu os dsoy ckrsa gksrh gSa] ftudk vk/kj dsoy dYiuk,¡
curh gSaA blfy, ckrksa esa gh fojks/kHkkl gksrk gSA fofHkUu /eks± dh] ,d gh
/eZ ds fofHkUu ekU;rkvksa esa blh ds dkj.k fojks/kHkkl gSA og vius&vius
rjhds ls bZ'oj dks ns•us] bZ'oj dks ikus dh ckr djrs gSaA
7- fuokZ.k 'kjhj
NBosa 'kjhj esa lc dqN iw.kZ gks tkrk gSA vc dqN tkuus&le>us
ds fy, 'ks"k ugha cprkA blfy, 'kjhj Hkh ugha cprkA 'kjhj ds :i esa lfØ;
gksrs gq, Hkh 'kjhj ugha gS] bls gh fuokZ.k 'kjhj dgk x;k gSA og 'kwU; esa
foyhu gks tkrk gSA u ¶eSa¸ cprk gS] u ¶gw¡¸] u ¶vge~ czgekfLe¸ cprk
gSA dqN gS gh ugha] cl ;gh cprk gSA dqN ugha gS] ;gh fuokZ.k gSA lc dqN
ekSu gSA Hkk"kk Hkh ekSu gS] n`'; Hkh vn`'; gSA ;gh fuokZ.k gSA
gfjgj
63
le; ls lekf/ rd
u dksbZ iq#"k gS] u dksbZ L=kh gS
LFkwy 'kjhj ds :i esa L=kh ;k iq#"k gksuk] è;ku&lk/uk esa

cM+h ck/k Hkh gS vkSj vfuok;Z vko';drk Hkh gSA ugha le>rs rks ck/k fn•rh
gS] le>rs gSa rks vko';d yxrk gS] ysfdu ;fn bl ekxZ ij pyuk gS rks L=kh
vkSj iq#"k ds gksus dk vFkZ le>uk gksxk] D;ksafd ;g dsoy LFkwy 'kjhj dk
gh ekeyk ugha gS] cfYd vxys pkj 'kjhjksa rd blls Hkze iSnk gksrk jgrk gSA
blh ls le> esa vkrk gS fd çÑfr fdlh ds lkFk HksnHkko ugha djrhA ysfdu]
;g bruk cM+k dFku ,d NksVs ls rdZ ds lkeus /jk'kk;h gks tkrk gS fd fiQj
çÑfr us fyaxHksn D;ksa fd;k gS\ uj vkSj eknk dk] L=kh vkSj iq#"k dk Hksn D;ksa
fd;k\ ;g cpdkuh ckr yx ldrh gS] ysfdu efgykvksa ds fy, ;g cgqr
cM+h ihM+k Hkh gSA ihfM+r gksus ij fL=k;k¡] vius bZ"V ;k çÑfr ls ;gh f'kdk;r
djrh gSa fd mUgsa L=kh D;ksa cuk;k\ ,d xkf;dk us rks efgyk gksus ds dkj.k
ckj&ckj Nys tkus ij ,d xhr gh cuk fn;k fd vxys tue eksgs fcfV;k u
dhtksA Hkkjr esa ;g xhr lcdh tqcku ij gSA fopkjd bl ç'u dk cM+k lgt
lk mÙkj ns nsrs gSa fd l`tu vkSj çtuu ds fy, uj vkSj eknk gksuk vko';d
gS] ;g O;oLFkk gS] Hksn ugha gSA O;oLFkk gks] Hksn gks ;k u gks] ysfdu bldk
64
,d L;kg igyw gS fd bls lgh ls u le>s tkus ds dkj.k lHkh lektksa] lHkh
laçnk;ksa] lHkh ns'kksa esa efgykvksa dk neu vkSj 'kks"k.k gqvk gSA tcfd yM+dh
gksus ds fy, iq#"k gh ftEesnkj gksrs gSa] efgyk,a ughaA oSKkfud rF; gSa fd
ekuo 'kjhj esa 23 tksM+h xq.klw=k gksrs gSaA buesa 22 tksM+h xq.klw=k uj o eknk
esa leku gh gksrs gSaA 23osa tksM+h xq.klw=k esa fHkUurk jgrh gSA eknk ds vaMk.kq
esa ;g 23oka xq.klw=k lnSo ,Dl gh jgrk gS] ysfdu iq#"k ds 'kqØk.kq esa ;g
,Dl vkSj okbZ dqN Hkh gks ldrk gSA çtuu çfØ;k ds ckn tc uj o eknk
ds ,Dl] ,Dl xq.klw=k feyrs gSa rks uj dk tUe gksrk gS vkSj tc eknk ds
,Dl ls iq#"k dk okbZ xq.klw=k feyrk gS] rks eknk dk tUe gksrk gSA vk'k; ;g
gS fd xHkZ esa yM+dh gksus ds fy, iq#"k dk okbZ xq.klw=k gh ftEesnkj gksrk gS]
u fd efgykA ysfdu vKkurko'k
ekuk mYVk gh tkrk gSA yM+dh gksus ;fn ;g ifjorZu u gks rks L=kh
ds fy, efgykvksa dks gh ftEesnkj
vkSj iq#"k nksuksa dHkh fey gh ugha
Bgjk;k tkrk gSA mls gh lc dqN
lquuk&lguk iM+rk gSA ldrs] fdlh Hkh {k.k ,d ugha gks
ldrs] D;ksafd thou esa ewyk/kj
çFken`"V;k ;g
pØ ls ysdj vukgr pØ rd
fn•rk gS] ysfdu tc bls xgjkbZ ls
ns•k tkrk gS] lukruh n`f"V ls ns•k nksuksa dh ewy ço`fÙk;ka ,d nwljs ds
tkrk gS vkSj thou dk] thou ds foijhr gSaA vkSj ;gha rd thou esa
'kjhjksa dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gS] Hkh L=kh&iq#"k dk Hksn gSA
çÑfr vkSj O;oLFkk dks le>k tkrk
gS] rc irk pyrk gS fd fyaxHksn gS
gh ughaA rc le> esa vkrk gS] gj iq#"k esa L=kh gS] gj L=kh esa iq#"k gSA dksbZ
Hkh u rks iw.kZ L=kh gS] u dksbZ iw.kZ iq#"k gSA le;karjky ij çR;sd iq#"k] L=kh
gks tkrk gS] çR;sd L=kh] iq#"k gks tkrh gSA dsoy HkkSfrd ;kfu LFkwy 'kjhj
esa ;g cnyko ugha fn•rk] vU;Fkk iwjk lksp&fopkj] Hkko&LoHkko lc cny
tkrs gSaA ;g cnyko gh lekt esa O;oLFkk dk vk/kj gSA L=kh vkSj iq#"k blh
ifjorZu ds dkj.k ,d nwljs ls tqM+rs gSa] ,d nwljs dh rjiQ vkdf"kZr gksrs gSaA
l`tu vkSj çtuu gh ugha] tkx`fr Hkh blh ifjorZu ds dkj.k gksrh gSA ;fn
;g ifjorZu u gks rks L=kh vkSj iq#"k nksuksa dHkh fey gh ugha ldrs] fdlh
Hkh {k.k ,d ugha gks ldrs] D;ksafd thou esa ewyk/kj pØ ls ysdj vukgr
65
le; ls lekf/ rd
pØ rd nksuksa dh ewy ço`fÙk;k¡ ,d nwljs ds foijhr gSaA vkSj ;gha rd thou

esa Hkh L=kh&iq#"k dk Hksn gSA blds vxys pØ fo'kqf¼ pØ&vkRe 'kjhj esa
;g Hksn lekIr gks tkrk gSA ogk¡ u og L=kh gksrh gS] u iq#"kA ;gh thou dk
LoRo gSA ;fn fiNys pkj pØksa esa L=kh dk iq#"k esa] iq#"k dk L=kh esa ifjorZu
u gks] rks mudh foijhr ewy ço`fÙk;k¡ u L=kh dks dgha igq¡pus nsaxh] u iq#"k dksA
os v/wjs iq#"k] v/wjh L=kh ds :i esa v/wjs gh e`R;q dks ik tk,axsA nksuksa esa ls
fdlh ,d dh Hkh thou tkx`fr ;k=kk gh vkjaHk ugha gksxhA è;ku] lk/uk] lekf/]
eks{k] fuokZ.k rks cgqr nwj dh ckr gSaA tcfd tkx`fr ;k=kk fu;fr gS] ;g gksuk gh
gSA thou bl fof/ ls jfpr gS fd og Lo;a ds gksus dk çek.k nsuk pkgrk gSA
eSa gw¡] thou ;g fl¼ djuk pkgrk gSA tkx`fr Hkh pkgrk gSA ;g pkguk] ;g
çekf.kdrk euq"; 'kjhj ls gh çkIr gks ldrh gSA blfy, mls pykus ds fy,
dksbZ u dksbZ euq"; 'kjhj pkfg,A pwafd euq"; 'kjhj thou dh vko';drk gS]
fu;fr dh vko';drk gS] blfy, mls jpk tkuk vko';d fo/ku gSA blh
fo/ku dh iw.kZrk ds fy, uj vkSj eknk rRoksa dk la;ksx&feyu vko';d gS]
rkfd u, euq"; 'kjhjksa dh ijaijk cuh jgsA blfy, nksuksa 'kjhj jps x, gSaA ,d
gh fof/ ls jps x, gSa] dsoy dqN vax&vo;o l`tu&çtuu ds fy, fHkUu
gSaA ugha le> esa vkrs gSa rks bu vax&vo;oksa ds vk/kj ij Hksn utj vkrs
gSa] le> esa vkrs gh O;oLFkk fn•us yxrh gSA ;g O;oLFkk gh l`tu djrh
gS] tc iq#"k 'kjhj o L=kh 'kjhj ds ewyk/kjksa dk lalxZ gksrk gS rks muds tSls
,d vkSj LFkwy 'kjhj dk tUe gksrk gSA ;gh çtuu dh ijaijk gSA ;g cká
lalxZ gksrk gSA ,sls gh vkarfjd lalxZ Hkh gksrk gSA ,d gh 'kjhj esa ewyk/kj
dk nwljs pØ Lokf/"Bku ds lkFk feyu gksrk gS] lalxZ gksrk gSA mlls Hkh ,d
ubZ 'kfÙkQ dk l`tu gksrk gSA mls v;ksfut dgrs gSaA cgqr lkjs lar&egkRek
tufgr ds fy, bu 'kfÙkQ;ksa dks mRiUu djrs jgs gSaA
;g iq#"kRo gS ;g L=khRo gS
• iq#"k dk igyk LFkwy 'kjhj iq#"k dk gS • L=kh dk igyk LFkwy 'kjhj L=kh dk gS
• iq#"k dk nwljk Hkko 'kjhj L=kh dk gS • L=kh dk nwljk Hkko 'kjhj iq#"k dk gS
• iq#"k dk rhljk lw{e 'kjhj iq#"k dk gS • L=kh dk rhljk lw{e 'kjhj L=kh dk gS
• iq#"k dk pkSFkk eul 'kjhj L=kh dk gS • L=kh dk pkSFkk eul 'kjhj iq#"k dk gS
66
thou ds mijksÙkQ pkj pØksa&'kjhjksa rd gh L=kh&iq#"k dk

Hksn gSA blds ckn ikaposa pØ fo'kqf¼ pØ&vkRe 'kjhj esa u L=kh cprk
gS] u iq#"k cprk gSA og dsoy 'kq¼&cq¼ thou gSA ogha rd Hkksx&okluk]
bZ";kZ&}s"k] pkguk,¡&dYiuk,¡ vkSj mu ij vk/kfjr lkalkfjd dk;ZØe gSaA
'kjhjksa esa gksus okys bu ifjorZuksa ds dkj.k gh l`f"V gS] lalkj gSA bUgsa le>
ysrs gSa rks lalkj esa lq•iwoZd thou O;rhr dj çekf.kr gks tkrs gSa] vU;Fkk
nq•h jgrs gSa vkSj tUe nj tUe bUgha nq•ksa ds >ksys ,d=k djrs gq, HkVdrs
jgrs gSaA
eq[; ckr ;g gS fd pkSFks vukgr pØ esa iq#"k dk 'kjhj]
L=kS.k gks tkrk gSA mlds fpÙk esa xzg.k djus ds Hkko vk tkrs gSa] og ek¡xus&ysus
dh eqæk esa vk tkrk gSA og lc dqN ikuk pkgrk gSA le>nkj gksrk gS rks
lgt] ljy gksrk tkrk gS vkSj lcls cM+h ikus dh pkgr] Kku dh ryk'k esa
fudy iM+rk gSA Kku ikus ds fy, rjg&rjg ds tru djrk gSA taxy&igkM+
ij HkVdrk gSA vkSj ;fn ukle> gS rks lkalkfjd oLrqvksa ds ikus esa gh my>k
jgrk gS] mUgha esa HkVdrk jgrk gSA
m/j] pkSFks pØ esa efgykvksa esa iq#"kRo vk tkrk gSA os nsus
okyh eqæk esa vk tkrh gSaA muesa lc dqN U;ksNkoj djus] lc dqN lefiZr
dj nsus dk Hkko vk tkrk gSA blfy, fL=k;k¡ lU;klh ugha curh] lsod curh
gSaA riLoh ugha curha] HkÙkQ curh gSaA x`gLFk esa Hkh blhfy, muls dgk x;k
gS fd ifr dks ijes'oj eku yks] mlds fy, iwjk leiZ.k dj nks] muds fy,
;gh i;kZIr gSA mlh ls og rj tk,axhA eks{k dks ik tk,axhA ifr pkgs dSlk
Hkh thou ft,] pkgs fdlh Hkh xfr dks çkIr gks] ysfdu mlds çfr leiZ.k
djus okyh iRuh ikj ik tk,xhA ifr nq"V gks] ujd Hkksxs] ysfdu iRuh lq•
dh voLFkk ik tk,xhA ;gh bu pØksa&'kjhjksa dh efgek gSA bl efgek dk]
'kjhjksa dk ;g ifjorZu bM+k&fiaxyk ukfM;ksa ls cg jgs Lojksa ls vklkuh ls
le>k tk ldrk gSA è;ku nsus ls çR;sd O;fÙkQ le> ldrk gSA bM+k L=kS.k fpÙk
dk çfrfuf/Ro djrh gS vkSj fiaxyk iq#"kfpÙk dkA bUgha ds dkj.k fuR;çfr
euq"; dk vkpj.k vnyrk&cnyrk jgrk gSA vxys vè;k; esa bl ij foLr`r
çdk'k Mkyk x;k gSA
gfjgj
67
le; ls lekf/ rd
pØ lef>;s] pDdj ls fudfy,
lglzkj pØ fuokZ.k 'kjhj
vkKk pØ czge 'kjhj

Å¡
fo'kqf¼ pØ ga vkRe 'kjhj
vukgr pØ ;a eul 'kjhj
ef.kiqjd pØ ja lw{e 'kjhj
Lokf/"Bku pØ oa Hkko 'kjhj
ewyk/kj pØ LFkwy 'kjhj

ya
ftlçdkj thou 'kjhj vkSj mlls lac¼ Ng 'kjhj] LFkwy

'kjhj dk lapkyu djrs gSa] mlh çdkj ls lkr pØ Hkh gSa] tks bu 'kjhjksa ls
lac¼ gSa vkSj bu 'kjhjksa dh ÅtkZ dk eq[; lzksr gSaA çR;sd ,d pØ] gj
,d 'kjhj ls fo'ks"k :i ls tqM+k gSA mu pØksa dks 'kjhjksa ls fHkUu ugha fd;k
tk ldrk] dsoy le>us ds fy, vyx&vyx çdk'k Mkyk tk ldrk gSA
çR;sd pØ ds nks ewyHkwr fo'ks"k xq.k gSaA ,d xq.k mldh ewy ço`fÙk gS tcfd
nwljk xq.k euq"; dks Loç;kl ls tkx`r djuk gksrk gSA ;gh iq#"kkFkZ gSA blh
ds fy, euq"; 'kjhj feyrk gSA vusd yksx bu pØksa ds tkxj.k dk ç;kl
djrs gSa] ysfdu iw.kZ xq# u gkssus ds dkj.k] lgh fof/;ksa dk irk u gksus ds
dkj.k blesa visf{kr liQyrk ugha feyrh gSA ;s lkr pØ rks eq[; gSa] buds
vykok 108 pØ gksrs gSa] tks flj] gkFk o iSjksa esa Hkh gksrs gSaA bu lkr pØksa
ls lac¼ rhu eq[; xazfFk;ka gksrh gSa] ftUgsa czã] fo".kq o :nz xzafFk;ka dgk x;k
68
gSA ewyk/kj ls tc è;ku vkjaHk djrs gSa rks lcls igys czã xazfFk dk Hksnu
djuk gksrk gSA ef.kiwjd o vukgr pØ esa fo".kq xzafFk dk Hksnu fd;k tkrk
gS rFkk fo'kqf¼ o vkKk pØ esa :æ xzafFk dk Hksnu fd;k tkrk gSA mlds ckn
gh pØksa ds tkxj.k esa xfr vkrh gSA xzafFk Hksnu dk ;g dk;Z nh{kk ds ckn
iw.kZ xq# gh djkrs gSaA ;g è;ku j•us dh ckr gS fd dHkh Hkh dksbZ Hkh pØ
xM+cM+ gksxk rks mldk çHkko nwljs pØksa ij iM+rk gS vkSj fiQj iwjs 'kjhj ijA
è;ku ds fy, iwoZ o mÙkj dh vksj gh eqag djds cSBuk pkfg,] rkfd 'kjhj
i`Foh ds pqacdh; {ks=k ls eqÙkQ jgsA
;g Hkh fo'ks"k è;ku j•us dh ckr gS fd firjksa&iwoZtksa dh

eqfÙkQ gq, fcuk] Le`fr;ka] deZHkksx] deZca/u dVs fcuk u è;ku gksxk] u dksbZ
pØ tkx`r gksxkA ;fn dksf'k'k dh tkrh gS rks cgqr lkjs Hkze gksrs gSa] dYiuk,a
gksrh gSa] ftuesa rjg&rjg ds çdk'k fn•uk] fHkUu&fHkUu çdkj dh Nfo;ka]
nsoh&nsorkvksa dh vkHkk,a fn•us dk Hkze gksrk jgrk gSA blh esa cgqr yksx
iQal tkrs gSa fd muds rks pØ tkx`r gks x,] dqaMfyuh tkx`r gks xbZ] tcfd
,slk dqN gqvk gh ugha gksrk gSA ;fn ,slk dqN gqvk gksrk rks fiQj vki vkSj
vkids ifjokj ds lHkh ladV lekIr gks tkus pkfg, Fks] vki ijekuan esa pys
tkus pkfg,] ysfdu ,slk ns•us dks ugha feyrkA djkSyh /ke esa ,sls gh Hkze
ds f'kdkj gq, cgqr ls yksx viuk mipkj djkus vkrs gSaA ;g Hkze firj&iwoZt
gh djrs&djkrs gSaA bl ij bZ'ojh; fpfdRlk] ,d vuqla/ku uked iqLrd esa
foLrkj ls fy•k x;k gSA
ewyk/kj pØ LFkwy 'kjhj
LFkwy 'kjhj ls lac¼ pØ dk uke ewyk/kj pØ gSA bl pØ

dk HkkSfrd 'kjhj ls dsaæh; laca/ gSA ;g dsaæ tuusafæ; vkSj xqnk ds chp
vofLFkr gksrk gSA ewyk/kj dk çrhd yky jax vkSj pkj ia•qfM;ksa okyk dey
gSA bldh ewy ço`fÙk Hkksx o dke&okluk gSA tcfd bldk nwljk xq.k R;kx
o czãp;Z gS] ftls tkx`r dj larqyu cukuk gksrk gSA ;g i`Foh rRo ç/ku
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le; ls lekf/ rd
pØ gSA bls x.ks'k pØ Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ;g gekjs ew=kk'k; vkSj vaMk'k; dks
'kfÙkQ nsrk gSA •rjksa ls lrdZ djrk gSA •kus&ihus vkSj lksus esa larqyu iSnk
djrk gSA tc ;g fl¼ gks tkrk gS rks Hkksx&oklukvksa ls NqVdkjk feyus yxrk
gSA ;g •wu dh ek=kk dks larqfyr dj mldh 'kq¼rk djrk gSA jh<+ dks rkdr
nsrk gSA dke xzafFk;ksa] ân; vkSj iSjksa dks 'kfÙkQ nsrk gSA ;g pØ vlarqfyr gks
tkrk gS] rks O;fÙkQ cgqr T;knk LokFkhZ vkSj fgald gks tkrk gSA ;g çfrjks/d
{kerk dks nq"çHkkfor dj nsrk gSA
Lokf/"Bku pØ Hkko 'kjhj
Lokf/"Bku pØ] ewyk/kj pØ ls yxHkx nks vaxqy Åij

es#naM esa tuusafæ; ds Bhd ihNs gksrk gS ;kfu ukfHk ls djhc rhu bap uhpsA
bldk çrhd ukjaxh jax dk Ng ia•qfM;ksa okyk dey gSA Lokf/"Bku pØ dh
ewy ço`fÙk;k¡ bZ";kZ] }s"k] O;lu] Øks/] fgalk gSaA çse] d:.kk] eS=kh blds 'kkar
xq.k gSaA blds vf/ifr fo".kq nsork gSaA lHkh jksxksa dh tM+ blh 'kjhj esa cuh
jgrh gSA bl pØ ds tkxj.k ls vkarsa lfØ; jgrh gSa vkSj ikpu fØ;k Bhd
jgrh gSA çtuu laca/h lHkh chekfj;ka nwj gks tkrh gSaA è;ku ls ns•k tk, rks
dke ds lzksr dk okLrfod dsaæ ;gh pØ gS] tks ewyk/kj pØ esa fn•kbZ nsrh
gSA Åij ds lHkh pØksa dks •ksyus esa Hkh blls enn feyrh gSA bldk rRo
ty gS vkSj xq.k jl gSA bl pØ ds dkj.k gh tkuus dh bPNk rhoz gksrh gSA
'okal laca/h leL;k,a ugha jgrhaA vkSj ;fn ;g pØ tkx`r ugha gS rks crkbZ
xbZ lHkh fØ;k,a mYkV gksus yxrh gSaA chekfj;ka tUe ysrh gSaA dCt gks tkrh
gSA vkarksa ds jksx gks tkrs gSaA bl pØ esa foÑfr ls Hkw• cnkZ'r ugha gksrh
vksj tkuus dh bPNk Hkh lekIr gks tkrh gSA ;g ty rRo ç/ku gSA ;g O;ku
ok;q dk LFkku gSA
ef.kiqjd pØ lw{e 'kjhj
ef.kiqjd pØ ukfHk ds Bhd ihNs Åij dh vksj es#naM esa

vofLFkr gSA bls ukfHk pØ Hkh dgrs gSaA ;g ukfHk ls djhc nks vaxqy Åij
70
gksrk gSA bldk çrhd nl ia•qfM;ksa okyk dey gSA bldk jax ihyk gSA ;g
HkkSfrd ÅtkZ ds forj.k dk dsaæ gSA ;g vfXu rRo ç/ku gSA thou vkSj 'kjhj
dk dsaæ Hkh ;gh gSA blds vf/iR; nsork baæ ekus tkrs gSaA bldh ewy ço`fÙk
lansg] vgadkj o fopkj gSA dksbZ O;fÙkQ fdruk Hkh è;kuh D;ksa u gks] ysfdu
•qyh vka•ksa ls ;kuh lfodYi og ewyk/kj esa gh jgsxkA jko.k tSlk rRoosÙkk]
egkKkuh •qyh vka•ksa ls blh pØ ij jgrk FkkA nl ia•qfM;ksa ds dey dk
LFkku gksus ds dkj.k gh mls n'kkuu dgk tkrk Fkk ;k mlds nl flj Fks] ,slk
dgk tkrk gSA og lc çrhdkRed gSA bl pØ dk xqIr xq.k J¼k] foosd]
fo'okl gSA bldk xq.k :i gSA ikap ok;q esa bldh ok;q leku gSA bldh Kkusaæh
ns•us dh 'kfÙkQ gS vkSj deZsaæh pyus dh 'kfÙkQ gSA çk.k ÅtkZ ds HkaMkj.k dk
;gh dsaæ gSA ek¡ ds xHkZ esa lcls igys cPps dk ukfHk LFkku gh curk gS] ;gh
ls lkjh ukfM;ksa dk fodkl gksrk gSA ;g pØ tc nwf"kr gksus yxrk gS] rks
'kjhj dk rkieku fcxkM+ nsrk gSA fiÙk dh FkSyh] vek'k;] yhoj] isfUØ;kt
xzafFk dks nq"çHkkfor djrk gSA lHkh çdkj ds ekufld jksxksa dh tM+ blh pØ
esa jgrh gSA udkjkRed&ldkjkRed fopkj ;gha jgrs gSaA ;g bPNk dk dsaæ gSA
xgjk vkos'k ;k xgjk ladYi blh pØ ds }kjk gksrk gSA ;fn ;g pØ tkx`r
gks tk, rks Åij ds pØksa dh ;k=kk cgqr lqxe gks tkrh gSA blds tkx`r gksus
dk ,d fodkj Hkh gS fd O;fÙkQ dks Kkuh gksus dk vgadkj gks tkrk gSA gkykafd
Lokf/"Bku esa Hkh lc dqN tkuus dk Hkze gks tkrk gS] tcfd tkuk dqN ugha
gksrk] ysfdu bl pØ esa lc dqN tkuus ds ckn mldk vgadkj gks tkrk gSA
;g nks"k] xq# Ñik ls lekIr gksrk gSA
vukgr pØ eul 'kjhj
;g lkr pØksa esa ls eè; dk pØ gSA blfy, Åij vkSj

uhps ds pØksa dh nksuksa 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk ;g feyu dsaæ gSA vukgr pØ o{kLFky
ds dsaæ ds ihNs es#naM esa fLFkr gSA bldk çrhd gjs jax dk ckjg ia•qfM;ksa
okyk dey gSA bl pØ dh ewy ço`fÙk dYiuk djuk gSA mldk xqIr xq.k
n`f"V gSA bls tkx`r djds nwjn`f"V ik;h tk ldrh gSA bl pØ ij •qyh vka•ksa
71
le; ls lekf/ rd
ls Hkxoku jke jgrs FksA blesa ckjg ia•qfM;ksa dk dey gksus ds dkj.k Jhjke
dks ckjg dykvksa dk vorkj dgk tkrk gSA pwafd ;g pØ ân; ds ikl
fLFkr gS] bl dkj.k •wu ij fu;a=k.k j•rk gSA blesa ok;q rRo ç/ku gSA blds
nsork :æ gSaA blds tkx`r gksus ij Ropk cgqr dksey gksus yxrh gSA Li'kZ
dh fØ;k cgqr laosnu'khy gks tkrh gSA Lo;a esa fo'okl c<+ tkrk gS] lcds
çfr LohÑfr dk Hkko c<+ tkrk gSA ;g pØ fodkj xzLr gks tk, rks jÙkQ ds
jksx gksaxs] ekufld :i ls detksjh vk tkrh gS] vlarks"k] fujk'kk vkSj nfjærk
gkoh gks tkrh gSA iQsiQM+ksa ds jksx gks tkrs gSaA
fo'kqf¼ pØ vkRe 'kjhj
ikapoka pØ gS fo'kqf¼ pØA ;g xnZu rFkk daB dwi ds ihNs

fLFkr gSA bldk çrhd gYds uhys jax dk lksyg ia•qfM;ksa okyk dey gSA ;g
çk.k ÅtkZ dk forj.k dsaæ gSA bl pØ esa }Sr lekIr gks tkrk gSA L=kh&iq#"k
dk Hksn feV tkrk gSA blh pØ esa v¼Zukjh'oj dh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA bldh
ewy ço`fÙk ;k I;kl tkx`fr gS] cq¼Ro gS] vkuan gSA tkx`r voLFkk esa Hkxoku
JhÑ".k blh pØ ij fuokl djrs Fks] blfy, mUgsa 16 dykvksa dk iw.kZ
vorkj dgk x;k gSA ;fn ;g fl¼ gks tk, rks bldk lcls vf/d çHkko
ok.kh ij iM+rk gS] ok.kh esa fu•kj vk tkrk gSA Jo.k Hkh cgqr vPNk gks tkrk
gSA O;fÙkQ bZekunkj gks tkrk gSA vius Hkkoksa] vfHkO;fÙkQ dks cgqr vPNs rjhds
ls nwljksa rd igqapk nsrk gSA blds vf/ifr nsork lnkf'ko ekus tkrs gSa] ftUgsa
ikap eq• okyk nsork dgk tkrk gSA bldk rRo vkdk'k rRo gSA bl pØ ds
tkx`r gksus ds ckn ;fn O;fÙkQ la;e dj ys] rks Hkw•&I;kl iwjh rjg fu;af=kr
gks tkrh gSA ½f"k&eqfu blh ds cy ij yach lk/uk dj ysrs gSaA ;g psruk
dks vopsru eu ls tksM+ nsrk gSA blesa mnku ok;q jgrh gSA 'kjhj vk;q c<+
tkrh gSA O;fÙkQ fo}ku gks tkrk gS] vè;;u djus vkSj djkus dh 'kfÙkQ tkx`r
gks tkrh gSA bZ'oj dks tkuuk gS] cl mls ;gh bPNk jgrh gSA og rRoyhyk esa
gh eqX/ jgrk gSA og HkkSfrd dks iwjk tku pqdk gksrk gSA bl pØ ds detksj
gksus ij iwjk mYVk gks tk,xkA u cksyh Bhd jgsxh] u i<+ ik,xkA O;fÙkQ euksjksxh
72
gks tkrk gSA xys o 'okal ds jksx gks tkrs gSaA fo'kqf¼ pØ ds fodkj xzLr
gksus ds dkj.k O;fÙkQ cgqr yack Hkh gks ldrk gS ;k ckSuk Hkh jg ldrk gSA
vkKk pØ czã 'kjhj
vka•ksa dh nksuksa Hk`dqfV;ksa ds chp eè; efLr"d esa ;g pØ

fLFkr gksrk gSA bldk jax pVd yky gS vkSj çrhd nks ia•qfM;ksa okyk dey
gS] tks f=k'kwy dh rjg fn•rk gSA blfy, bls f'ko dk rhljk us=k Hkh dgk
tkrk gSA Lo;a dk czã Lo:i ls lk{kkRdkj djkuk gh bl pØ dk xq.k gSA ;g
pØ dY;k.kdkjh pØ gSA ;g 'kkar ÅtkZ dk dsaæ gSA og loZKkrk gks tkrk
gSA nwljksa ds fy, Hkh Kku dk lzksr curk gSA bl pØ ds tkxj.k ij eu dh
e`R;q gks tkrh gS ;kfu euekuh can gksdj eu Lo fu;af=kr gks tkrk gSA oSjkX;]
fufyZIrrk vk tkrh gSA rRo dk lk{kkRdkj gks tkrk gSA ckdh lHkh pØksa dk
larqyu ;gh cukrk gSA rhuksa ukfM;k¡ Hkh ;gha ij ,d gks tkrh gSaA psruk dk
eq[; }kj ;gh gSA O;fÙkQ dks vka• candj Hkh nwj dk ns•us] nwj dk lquus&lqukus
dh 'kfÙkQ çkIr gks tkrh gSA bl pØ ds lfØ; gksus ij ck;ha vka• o ck;ka
dku vf/d lfØ; gks tkrs gSaA è;ku dk vkjaHk rks ewyk/kj ls gh gksrk gS]
ysfdu vkKk pØ ls è;ku djus ij ewyk/kj cgqr 'kh?kz tkx`r gksrk gSA ;g
pØ xM+cM+ gks tk, rks 'kjhj esa •rjukd jksx curs gSaA dku] ukd] vka•
o efLr"d dh ?kkrd chekfj;k¡ cu tkrh gSaA blds vf/ifr nsork f'ko gSaA
lglzkj pØ fuokZ.k 'kjhj
;g pØ flj ds lcls 'kh"kZ Hkkx esa fLFkr gS] tgka pksVh

NksM+h tkrh gSA ;gka :i] xq.k] fØ;k,a lc 'kwU; gSaA bldk çrhd dey dh
mYVh ia•qfM;ksa okyk ny gS vkSj mYVk gS ;kfu naM Åij gS vkSj ia•qfM;ka
uhps gSaA lHkh pØksa esa dey dh ia•qfM;k¡ vkleku dh rjiQ dks •qyh gSa]
ysfdu lglzkj esa ;g ia•qfM;ka mYVh gks tkrh gSaA pksVh j•us dk vFkZ ;gh
Fkk] ;g O;fÙkQ czãKkuh gks pqdk gS] pksVh ds :i esa mldk dey naM gSA bu
ia•qfM;ksa dh la[;k 108 gSA blds vf/ifr nsork ikjczã gSaA ;gka dqN Hkh
73
le; ls lekf/ rd
HkkSfrd ugha gSA ;gka dh ewy 'kfÙkQ dsoy /ukRed gS] ;gka ½.kkRed 'kfÙkQ
ugha gSA ;gka ijekuan gS] ftls O;ÙkQ Hkh ugha fd;k tk ldrkA fuokZ.k gh bl
pØ dk ewy xq.k gSA bl pØ ds lfØ; gksus ij nkfguh vka• o nkfguh dku
vf/d lfØ; gks tkrs gSaA eu vkSj çk.k Hkh ;gka fLFkj gks tkrs gSaA efLr"d
esa fdlh Hkh çdkj ds fodkj ugha jgrsA thouh 'kfÙkQ ;kfu vkst cgqr çcy
gks tkrk gS vkSj ;g O;fÙkQ nwljs dks thouh 'kfÙkQ ns Hkh ldrk gSA ;g psruk
dk mPpre f'k•j gSA blds foÑr gksus ij O;fÙkQ ikxy Hkh gks ldrk gSA
firj&iwoZt ;gha ls O;fÙkQ dks fu;af=kr djrs gSaA
gfjgj
74
dqaMfyuh% ,d lqIr 'kfÙkQ
LFkwy 'kjhj dh vkarfjd lajpuk ,d cM+k latky gSA çFke

gkM+&ek¡l dk fn•us okyk HkkSfrd 'kjhj gS gh] ihNs Ng 'kjhj vkSj gSaA ('kjhjksa
ds ckjs esa vyx vè;k; esa fy•k x;k gSA) bu lHkh 'kjhjksa esa buds ra=kksa
}kjk vko';d rRoksa dk çlkj.k] ÅtkZ dk çokg gSA LFkwy 'kjhj esa raf=kdk
ra=k (uoZl flLVe) }kjk gj vax&vo;o esa jÙkQ dk çlkj.k gS] ftldk dsaæ
ân; gksrk gSA og raf=kdk ra=k ds ekè;e ls gj vax&vo;o esa jÙkQ igqapkrk
gSA blh çdkj 'oklksa&çk.kksa dk çlkj.k ukfM+;ksa ds }kjk gksrk gSA iQsiQM+ksa esa
çk.k ra=k dk dsaæ gksrk gSA iQsiQM+s ukd&eq¡g ds }kjk yh xbZ 'ok¡l dks Nkudj
mlls çk.k ok;q dks vyx djrs gSaA ;g çk.k ok;q ukfM+;ksa ds ekè;e ls lHkh
vax&vo;oksa esa igq¡prh gSA LFkwy 'kjhj esa 72 gtkj ukfM+;k¡ gksrh gSaA ukfM+;ksa
dk dsaæ tukukaxksa ls FkksM+k Åij jgrk gSA ;s lc ra=k feydj fØ;kokgh ra=k
dgykrs gSa vkSj ;s Lor% gh fØ;k'khy jgrs gaSA tSlk] 'kjhj esa 'ok¡l Lor% gh
75
le; ls lekf/ rd
pyrh jgrh gS] •wu Lor% gh nkSM+rk jgrk gSA jkr dks lksrs le; Hkh 'kjhj
thoar jgrk gS] ;g fØ;kokgh ra=k ds dkj.k gh gksrk gSA ;g fØ;kokgh ra=k]
Kkuokgh ra=k ls fu;af=kr jgrk gSA Kkuokgh ra=k thou esa gksrk gS] tks laosnukvksa
ds çlkj.k dk dk;Z djrk gSA tSls] iSj esa ePNj us dkVk] fdlh vax&vo;o esa
dqN BaMk&xeZ yxk] bldh lwpuk ;gh ra=k thou 'kjhj ds ekè;e ls efLr"d
dks nsrk gSA fiQj fØ;kokgh ra=k ml ij fØ;k ;k çfrfØ;k djrk gS fd ePNj
dks mM+kuk gS] BaMk&xeZ yxk gS rks gkFk&iSj dks ihNs •hapuk gS] vkfnA blh
rjg Øks/ djuk gS] ;g lwpuk Kkuokgh ra=k igys efLr"d esa Hkstrk gS] fiQj
fØ;kokgh ra=k fØ;k&çfrfØ;k djrk gSA ;fn Kkuokgh ra=k }kjk Øks/ djus
dk fu.kZ; ys fy;k x;k gS rks 'ok¡l
dqN blh çdkj ls thou dk rst gks tkrh gS] ulksa esa •wu xfr ls
iqat curk gSA thou esa Lo;a esa nkSM+us yxrk gS] ân; tYnh&tYnh
Hkh daiUu vkSj orZqy xfr gS /M+dus yxrk gSA fiQj Kkuokgh ra=k
vkSj fiQj og LFkwy 'kjhj ds ls lwpuk vkrh gS fd 'kkar gqvk
gj vax vo;o esa eu dh xfr
tk, rks lHkh fd;k,¡ lkekU; gksus
ls nkSM+rk gSA vax&vo;oksa dh
yxrh gSaA thou v{k; cy'kkyh gS
xksy jpukvksa esa ls thou ds
rst nkSM+us ds dkj.k pØksa dk vkSj 'kjhj ds lHkh fNæksa] jkse&jkse esa
fuekZ.k gksrk gSA bruh rsth ds lkFk xfr djrk gS fd
og vn`'; iqat tSlk cu tkrk gSA
,sls le> ldrs gSa] tSls rst xfr ls pyrs ia•s dh ?kwerh ia•qfM+;k¡ ikjn'khZ pØ
tSlk cuk nsrh gSaA dqN blh çdkj ls thou dk iqat curk gSA thou esa Lo;a esa
Hkh daiUu vkSj orZqy xfr gS vkSj fiQj og LFkwy 'kjhj ds gj vax vo;o esa
eu dh xfr ls nkSM+rk gSA vax&vo;oksa dh xksy jpukvksa esa ls thou ds rst
nkSM+us ds dkj.k pØksa dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA euhf"k;ksa us ,sls 108 pØ crk, gSaA
buesa lkr pØ eq[; gSaA (pØksa ds ckjs esa vyx vè;k; esa fy•k x;k gSA)
bu pØksa ds vklikl mlh çdkj dh ÅtkZ dk dsaæ cu tkrk gS] tSlh ÅtkZ
dk çHkko 'kjhj ds mu vax vo;oksa dk gksrk gS] tSlk ewyk/kj pØ tukukaxksa
ds ikl gksrk gS rks ogk¡ Hkksx&okluk okyh ÅtkZ dk dsaæ Hkh gksrk gS vkSj pwafd
76
ogk¡ ls Hkh thou xqtj jgk gS] blfy, thou ÅtkZ dk dsaæ Hkh gksrk gSA ,d
çdkj ls ;g dsaæ nksuksa çdkj dh mtkZvksa dk fefJr dsaæ gksrk gSA blls vkxs
dh xfrfof/ Kkuokgh ra=k ls fu;af=kr gksrh gSA ;fn O;fÙkQ fo"k;ksa esa gh fyIr
jguk pkgrk gS rks Kkuokgh ra=k Hkksx&okluk okyh ÅtkZ dks ojh;rk nsrk gS
vkSj og blh esa fyIr jgrk gSA ;fn O;fÙkQ fo"k;ksa ls nq•h gksrk gS rks og
çfrfØ;k djds lU;kl&fojfÙkQ dh thou ÅtkZ dks çkFkfdrk nsrk gSA bl rjg
;g ÅtkZ 'kjhj esa b/j&m/j fc•jh jgrh gSA bls gh lqIr jguk dgk x;k gSA
çR;sd pØ esa blh çdkj nksuksa mtkZvksa dk feJ.k gksrk gSA

dkSu lh ÅtkZ dks çkFkfedrk nsuh gS] ;g nks fof/;ksa ls r; gksrk gSA çFke
le>iwoZd] f}rh; ç;kliwoZdA çFke
;fn O;fÙkQ fo"k;ksa esa gh fyIr
KkuekxZ gS] nwljk HkfÙkQekxZ gSA ;fn
jguk pkgrk gS rks Kkuokgh ra=k
O;fÙkQ KkuekxZ ij pydj lc dqN
Hkksx&okluk okyh ÅtkZ dks
vkRelkr dj ysrk gS] le> ysrk gS
ojh;rk nsrk gS vkSj og blh esa
rks mlds pØksa esa Lor% gh larqyu
fyIr jgrk gSA ;fn O;fÙkQ fo"k;ksa
cuuk vkjaHk gks tkrk gSA ;g iw.kZ
ls nq•h gksrk gS rks og çfrfØ;k
xq# ds lkfuè; esa gh laHko gSA nwljh
djds lU;kl&fojfÙkQ dh thou
fof/ gS HkfÙkQ ekxZ ;kfu ç;kliwoZd
ÅtkZ dks çkFkfdrk nsrk gSA
larqyu cukukA gkykafd fcuk xq#
ds ;g Hkh ugha gksrk] ysfdu blesa
O;fÙkQ ds ç;kl mls vkxs c<+kus esa dkiQh lgk;d fl¼ gksrs gSaA og ukfM+;ksa ls
cg jgh ÅtkZ dk n`"Vk cudj bu pØksa dks lk/ ysrk gSA ÅtkZ ds dsaæ ewyk/kj
ls gh ;s ukfM+;k¡ fudyrh gSaA ;s ukfM+;k¡ ÅtkZ ;kfu çk.k 'kfÙkQ ds bl feJ.k
dks lHkh vax vo;oksa o pØksa rd igq¡pkrh gSaA buesa rhu bM+k] fiaxyk o
lq"kEuk eq[; ukfM+;k¡ gSaA (ukfM+;ksa ds ckjs esa vyx vè;k; esa fy•k x;k gSA)
fiaxyk ukM+h jh<+ ds nk,¡ ls o paæ ukM+h ck,¡ ls fudyrh

gSA lq"kEuk eè; dh ukM+h gS] tks LFkwy 'kjhj dh jh<+ ds vkjafHkd fljs ls
ysdj flj ds Åijh Hkkx rd tkrh gSA ;g rc rd lqIr jgrh gS] tc rd
77
le; ls lekf/ rd
fd bM+k o fiaxyk dh ÅtkZ larqfyr gksdj bls >aÑr ugha dj nsrhA bM+k vkSj
fiaxyk ,d nwljs dks pØksa ds ikl Økl djrh gqbZ vkxs c<+rh gSaA bl dkj.k
ewyk/kj pØ ls ysdj vukgr pØ rd ;g lfiZy vkdkj fn•us yxrk gSA
tcfd fo'kqf¼ pØ ds ckn ;s nksuksa lh/h gks tkrh gSa ;kfu lq"kEuk esa foyhu
gks tkrh gSa] tks lglzkj pØ rd tkrh gSA ;g n`'; dqN ,slk gksrk gS] tSlk
fd ukx&ukfxu ,d nwljs ls fyiVrs gq, vkleku dh rjiQ •M+s gks x, gksaA
blfy, bls dqaMfyuh dgk x;k gSA bM+k&fiaxyk ls cgus okyh çk.k 'kfÙkQ dks
larqfyr dj lq"kEuk esa foyhu dj nsuk gh dqaMfyuh tkxj.k dgk tkrk gSA
çR;sd lk/d dh dkeuk bls tkx`r djus dh gksrh gS] D;ksafd blh ds ckn
okLro esa vè;kRe dh ;k=kk vkjaHk
;g n`'; dqN ,slk gksrk gS] gksrh gSA blds ckn KkuekfxZ;ksa
tSlk fd ukx&ukfxu ,d nwljs dks fnO; Kku dh vuqHkwfr;k¡ gksus
ls fyiVrs gq, vkleku dh yxrh gSa vkSj HkfÙkQekfxZ;ksa esa fueZy
rjiQ •M+s gks x, gksaA blfy, lk/d dk Hkko tkx`r gksus yxrk
bls dqaMfyuh dgk x;k gSA
gSA ;g lk/dksa ds fy, gS] ysfdu
bM+k&fiaxyk ls cgus okyh çk.k
;fn lkekU; ;k x`gLFk Hkh bl vksj
'kfÙkQ dks larqfyr dj lq"kEuk
esa foyhu dj nsuk gh dqaMfyuh è;ku nsrs gSa rks muds thou esa Hkh
tkxj.k dgk tkrk gSA jpukRed] ldkjkRed cnyko rsth
ls fn•us yxrs gSa vkSj vkxs pydj
x`gLFk gh vPNs f'k"; vkSj vPNs lk/d fl¼ gksrs gSa] D;ksafd os nksuksa mtkZvksa
ds bl feJ.k dks iwjh rjg Hkksxdj] iQaldj] rM+idj] fiQj le>dj mlls
fudys gksrs gSaA mUgha ds fy, ;g çLrko gSA
gfjgj
78
'okalksa esa çk.k gSa
lkekU; :i ls 'ok¡l dks gh çk.k dgk tkrk gS] tcfd

okLro esa çk.k] 'ok¡l ds lgkjs Hkhrj tkrk gSA çk.k ,d çdkj dh og ok;q
gS ftls 'kjhj] 'okal ls Nk¡Vdj xzg.k djrk gSA çk.k] LFkwy 'kjhj dk ugha]
cfYd thou 'kjhj dk Hkkstu gS] tcfd 'ok¡l LFkwy 'kjhj dh vko';drk
gSA thou 'kjhj dks gh çk.k 'kjhj Hkh dgus dk çpyu gSA 'okl ds ekè;e
ls gh euq"; ds nksuksa 'kjhj thoar cus jgrs gSaA euq"; 'kjhj esa ik¡p çdkj dh
ok;q ;k çk.k gSa&viku] leku] çk.k] mnku vkSj O;kuA viku xqnk çns'k esa
fLFkr gS] leku ukfHk çns'k esa fLFkr gS] çk.k dh fLFkfr ân; {ks=k esa] mnku
xys ds {ks=k esa fLFkr gS vkSj O;ku iwjs 'kjhj esa O;kIr gSA çk.k ok;q dks viku
ok;q esa rFkk viku dks çk.kok;q esa gou djus ls Hkh dqaMfyuh 'kfÙkQ tkx`r
gksdj lq"kqEuk ds vanj ços'k djrh gS vkSj pØksa dk Hksnu djrh gqbZ lglzkj
pØ esa fLFkr djkus esa lgk;d fl¼ gksrh gSA blds fy, çk.kk;ke] è;ku dk
lgkjk fy;k tkrk gSA
gfjgj
79
le; ls lekf/ rd
è;ku ij è;ku nsuk gS
foKku HkSjo ra=k esa è;ku dh 114 fof/;k¡ crkbZ xbZ gSaA buesa
nks fof/;k¡ LFkwy 'kjhj ds ckn dh gSaA 'kjhj NwVus ds ckn tks O;fÙkQ 84 yk•
;ksfu;ksa ds ca/u ls eqÙkQ gks pqdk gS] mlds fy, nks fof/;k¡ gSa ;k fiQj ,sls
O;fÙkQ;ksa ds fy, Hkh gSa tks 'kjhj esa jgrs gq, gh cq¼Ro dks çkIr gks x;k] Kku
dks çkIr gks x;k] og bu nks fof/;ksa esa Hkh ikjaxr gks ldrk gSA ckdh 'ks"k
cph 112 fof/;k¡ LFkwy 'kjhj okyksa ds fy, gSaA buesa ls fdlh Hkh ,d fof/
esa ikjaxr gksrs gq, tc dksbZ O;fÙkQ vkxs c<+rk gS rks buesa ls pkj fof/;k¡ ,slh
gSa] tks Lor% gh mlds vuqikyu esa vk tkrh gSaA ;kfu ,d fof/ ls è;ku
esa liQyrk ikvks rks le>ks pkj fof/;k¡ mlesa lg;ksx dj jgh gSaA vc 'ks"k
cprh gSa 108 fof/;k¡A budh vo/kj.kk czãkaM ls tqM+h gSA ½f"k;ksa us 108
czãkaM dh dYiuk dh gSA vHkh gekjk 84oka czãkaM py jgk gS] ge ftl
czãkaM esa ;k=kk dj jgs gSa og 84oka czãkaM gSA ;kfu 83 czãkaM fudy pqds
gSaA mlesa Hkh 63 czãkaM iwjh rjg u"V gks pqds gSa vkSj 21 czãkaM FkksM+s&FkksM+s
80
è;ku ij è;ku nsuk gS
u"V gks pqds gSaA ;s /hjs&/hjs u"V gks jgs gSaA 84 yk• ;ksfu;ksa dh vo/kj.kk
Hkh blh vk/kj ij dsafær gSA è;ku dh ckr djsa] rks 112 fof/;ksa esa ls fdlh
Hkh ,d fof/ dks viukdj mlh ls è;ku djds lekf/ dh voLFkk ikbZ tk
ldrh gSaA ;g le>us dh ckr gS fd gj fof/] gj O;fÙkQ ds fy, ugha gS]
cfYd blds ihNs Hkh foKku gSA blds ihNs vo/kj.kk gS fd 108 çdkj ds gh
euq"; gSaA mlesa ;ksX; xq# }kjk ml O;fÙkQ dk ijh{k.k djds crk;k tk ldrk
gS fd rqEgkjs fy, dkSu lh fof/ mi;qÙkQ gSA ;gh xq# dk egRo gSA ,slk ugha
gS fd Lo;a ls gh mu ij ç;ksx fd;k tk,] ;g djuk Bhd ugha gSA foKku
HkSjo ra=k esa nks rhu fof/;k¡ ,slh gSa] tks lHkh ds fy, mfpr vkSj mi;qÙkQ
gks ldrh gSa] tSls vkukiku lfrA
;kfu vkrh&tkrh 'ok¡l ij è;ku 84 yk• ;ksfu;ksa dh vo/kj.kk
nsukA ;g lHkh ds fy, djuk Hkh blh vk/kj ij dsafær gSA è;ku
vklku gSA lHkh dj ldrs gSaA dh ckr djsa] rks 112 fof/;ksa
blh dkj.k ;g fof/ gh lcls esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d fof/ dks
T;knk çpfyr gSA egkRek cq¼ us viukdj mlh ls è;ku djds
Hkh lcls T;knk blh dks çpkfjr lekf/ dh voLFkk ikbZ tk ldrh
fd;kA foi';uk dk vkjaHk blh gSaA ;g le>us dh ckr gS fd gj
fof/ ls gSA vkSj lcls egRoiw.kZ fof/] gj O;fÙkQ ds fy, ugha gS]
ckr ;g gS fd è;ku djuk ugha
gS] è;ku nsuk gSA è;ku djus esa vkxzg gS] cy gS] ca/u gS] tcfd è;ku nsus
esa Lora=krk gS] lgtrk gSA
(uksV% è‍;ku D‍;k gS] dSls djsa vkfn ç'‍uksa ds lek/ku ds

fy, vyx ls iqLrd rS;kj dh xbZ gSA)
gfjgj
81
le; ls lekf/ rd
dgk¡ •M+s gSa] viuh fLFkfr lef>;s
euq"; ek=k dh tkx`fr ;k=kk ewyk/kj pØ ls vkjaHk gksrh

gSA ewyk/kj] ewy pØ gS] tgk¡ ikyFkh yxkus ij ,fM+;k¡ yxrh gSaA ogh
ewyk/kj dk pØ gSA ;g HkkSfrd 'kjhj ls tqM+k lcls utnhdh dsaæ gSA
blh dsaæ ds bnZ&fxnZ lkjh ÅtkZ dsafær jgrh gSA pwafd LFkwy 'kjhj] HkkSfrd
inkFkks± ls cuk gS] blfy, ewyk/kj pØ viuh ewy ço`fÙk ds vuq:i gh
HkkSfrd inkFkks± esa fyIr jguk pkgrk gS] lkjh ÅtkZ Hkh blh esa yxh jgrh gSA
blfy, euq"; esa vf/dkf/d Hkksx dh çkÑfrd I;kl gSA

blfy, cPpk Hkh dqN Hkh pht gkFk esa vkrs gh rqjar eq¡g esa Mkyrk gSA pwafd
og L=kh vkSj iq#"k ds nks LFkwy 'kjhjksa ds ewyk/kjksa ds lalxZ] ?k"kZ.k] çtuu
fof/ ls tUek gS] blfy, dke&okluk Hkh bldh çkÑfrd pkgr gSA mlesa
Hkh ;fn O;fÙkQ L=kS.k fpÙk okyk gS rks ;g dks<+ esa •kt tSlk gks tkrk gSA og
thouHkj iwjh rjg bUgha fo"k;ksa esa fyIr jgrk gSA blh esa lekIr gks tkrk gSA
82
mls tk¡puk gS rks ukfM+;ksa esa cg jgh ÅtkZ ns• yh tk,A ;fn mldh ÅtkZ
vf/dkf/d bM+k ukM+h ls cg jgh gksrh gS rks lef>;s fd og bUgha esa fyIr
jgus okyk gSA ;fn T;knk le; ;g ÅtkZ fiaxyk ukM+h ls cg jgh gks rks mldk
vkpj.k mlds Bhd foijhr gks tk,xkA mlesa iq#"k fpÙk ç/ku gks tk,xk vkSj
og Hkksx] okluk dk neu djds czãp;Z] R;kx dh jkg idM+sxk ;k mldh
rjiQ vkdf"kZr jgsxkA
vHkh lekt dk vf/la[; oxZ blh esa vVdk&HkVdk fn•

jgk gSA og ;k rks Hkksx foykl esa fyIr gS ;k fiQj fcYdqy fojks/h gksdj
R;kx&laU;kl dh jkg idM+rk gSA Hkksx&okluk esa fyIr jgus okys yksx gh
lalkj Hkj ds uSfrd&vuSfrd O;kikj
bl rjg pkgs Hkksx&okluk esa
esa yxs gSaA bUgha esa ls dqN ,sls gksrs
th jgs gksa ;k fiQj R;kx&czgp;Z
esa] bu nksuksa dk gh çHkko euq"; gSa] tks blls Åcrs gq,] blls nwj
ds ewyk/kj pØ&LFkwy 'kjhj ls gVrs gq, fn•rs gSa] os iq#"kksfpÙk
fudydj Lokf/LBku pØ&Hkko LoHkko okys gksrs gSaA os çfrfØ;k
'kjhj ij gksrk gSA Hkksx&okluk ds esa vkdj foijhr jkg idM+rs gSa
vfrjsd ds dkj.k gh Hkko 'kjhj vkSj gBiwoZd Hkksx&okluk dk neu
esa jksx&chekfj;ksa dk Hkko iSnk djds R;kx&czgp;Z dks vks<+rs gSaA
gksrk gSA pwafd og LoHkko ugha gS] larqfyr
ugha] cfYd gBiwoZd vks<+k gqvk gS]
blfy, dHkh Hkh HkVd tkrs gSaA ;ksxh ds Hkksxh ;k Hkksxh ds ;ksxh cuus ds
fdLls bfrgkl esa Hkjs iM+s gaS] jkst ?kVuk,¡ ?kVrh gSaA blh çdkj iwjk lekt
bUgha nks oxks± esa caVk jgrk gS] ,d lkalkfjd yksx] nwljs R;kxh&laU;klh pksys
okys yksxA
bl rjg pkgs Hkksx&okluk esa th jgs gksa ;k fiQj R;kx&czgp;Z

esa] bu nksuksa dk gh çHkko euq"; ds ewyk/kj pØ&LFkwy 'kjhj ls fudydj
Lokf/LBku pØ&Hkko 'kjhj ij gksrk gSA Hkksx&okluk ds vfrjsd ds dkj.k gh
Hkko 'kjhj esa jksx&chekfj;ksa dk Hkko iSnk gksrk gSA tSls] Hkw• ls T;knk Hkkstu
83
le; ls lekf/ rd
•k fy;k] ;g Lokn ds Hkko ds dkj.k •k;k x;kA LFkwy 'kjhj esa rks otu
gh c<+k ysfdu vf/d •kus dk Hkko rks Hkko 'kjhj esa gh iSnk gqvkA ;g Hkko
gh vip djrk gS] dCt djrk gS] jksx&chekjh djrk gSA lHkh jksx&chekfj;ksa
dh tM+ Hkko 'kjhj esa gh gksrh gSa] LFkwy 'kjhj esa rks dsoy y{k.k vkSj çHkko
fn•rs gSaA dke&okluk Hkh igys Hkko 'kjhj esa gh vkrh gS] fiQj LFkwy 'kjhj
mldh iwfrZ dk ekè;e curk gSA Hkksx&vfrHkksx] dke&okluk o jksx&chekfj;ksa
ds ;s Hkko feydj Lokf/"Bku pØ dks bZ";kZ] }s"k] Øks/] fgalk ls Hkj nsrs
gSaA ;s lc Lokf/"Bku pØ dh ewy ço`fÙk;ka gSaA ;fn L=kS.k LoHkko gS rks og
buls cpus dk Hkh ç;kl ugha dj ikrk] bUgha esa je tkrk gS ;k ;wa dgsa fd
buds lkeus detksj iM+ tkrk gSA
Hkksx&vfrHkksx] dke&okluk o ysfdu] ;fn iq#"kksfpÙk LoHkko gS rks
jksx&chekfj;ksa ds ;s Hkko feydj og çfrfØ;kLo:i buls yM+us dh
Lokf/"Bku pØ dks bZ";kZ] }s"k] dksf'k'k djrk gS] dbZ ckj yM+us dk]
Øks/] fgalk ls Hkj nsrs gSaA ;s lc cgknqjh dk fn•kok djrk gSA Mjrk
Lokf/"Bku pØ dh ewy ço`fÙk;ka Hkh gS] ysfdu u Mjus dk ukVd
gSaA ;fn L=kS.k LoHkko gS rks og djrk gS] nq•h gS ysfdu Hkkoksa esa
buls cpus dk Hkh ç;kl ugha g¡lus dk vfHku; djrk gSA d#.kk
dj ikrk] bUgha esa je tkrk gSA o eS=kh dk ç;kl djrk gS] ysfdu
;g lc Hk;&çyksHku ds vk/kj ij
etcwjh esa] ukle>h esa gh gks jgk gksrk gSA bl rjg O;fÙkQ nksgjk pfj=k thus
dks etcwj gksrk gSA vf/drj yksx ,slk gh thrs gq, fn• Hkh jgs gSaA blh ds
dkj.k u,&u, çdkj dh ekufld leL;k,¡ iSnk gks jgh gSaA
bUgha ekufld leL;kvksa dk nq"çHkko vxys pØ ef.kiqjd

pØ&lw{e 'kjhj ij gksrk gSA ;g ,LVªy ckWMh gS ;kfu vfr lw{e jklk;fud
'kjhj gSA ;g dg ldrs gSa fd LFkwy 'kjhj esa gkeks±l ds fjlko dk dkj.k
;g 'kjhj gh curk gS] ;gh Hkkoksa esa mRçsjd dk dk;Z cM+h lw{erk ds lkFk
dj nsrk gSA blfy, yksx dgrs gq, lqus tkrs gSa fd irk ugha mUgksaus vpkud
84
;g fu.kZ; dSls ys fy;k \ mUgsa irk gh ugha pyk] ;g lc dSls gks x;k \
eSa D;k vkSj D;ksa cksy x;k \ ;k D;k vkSj dSls dj fn;k \ bl ef.kiqjd
pØ] bl lw{e 'kjhj ds dkj.k gj le; lansg] la'k; cuk gh jgrk gS] ç'u
gh ç'u jgrs gSaA ;g bl lw{e 'kjhj dh ewy ço`fÙk gSA ;fn L=kS.k fpÙk okyk
dksbZ gS rks fiQj og thou Hkj Hkze esa gh jgrk gSA fiNys tUeksa dh bPNk,¡]
vr`fIr;ka blh esa laxzfgr jgrh gSaA Hkwr dh os Le`fr;k¡ orZeku ls }a} djkrh
gh jgrh gSa] Hkfo"; dh fpark esa Mkyrh gh jgrh gSaA
blhfy, efgyk,¡ T;knkrj Vksuk&VksVdk] rkaf=kdksa ds çHkko esa

vk tkrh gSaA vkSj tc bl 'kjhj esa iq#"kksfpÙk dk çHkko gksrk gS rks og ml
lcds fo#¼ dM+h çfrfØ;k djrk
bl ef.kiqjd pØ] bl lw{e
gSA fopkj djrk gS] fopkj ds
vk/kj ij foosd vkSj foosd ds 'kjhj ds dkj.k gj le; lansg]
vk/kj ij fo'okl] J¼k ds ekxZ ij la'k; cuk gh jgrk gS] ç'u gh
pyus dh dksf'k'k djrk gSA ysfdu ç'u jgrs gSaA ;g bl lw{e 'kjhj
pwafd ;g lc çfrfØ;kLo:i dj dh ewy ço`fÙk gSA ;fn L=kS.k fpÙk
jgk gksrk gS] le>nkjhiwoZd ugha]
okyk dksbZ gS rks fiQj og thou
blfy, dgha ugha igq¡prkA mldk
Hkj Hkze esa gh jgrk gSA
vkpj.k dsoy fn•kokHkj cudj jg
tkrk gSA og vkReeqX/rk dk f'kdkj
cudj jg tkrk gSA ;g ,d vyx gh çdkj dh ihM+k gSA og vPNk fn•uk
pkgrk gS] ysfdu yksx mls vPNk Lohdkj ugha ikrs] D;ksafd og lc tks
dj jgk gS] mlesa mldk lgt LoHkko ugha] cfYd çfrfØ;k fn• jgh gksrh
gS] ln~dk;ks± esa Hkh vPNkbZ ls igys fn•kok gh lcdks fn• jgk gksrk gSA
vf/drj lektlsoh yksx blh Js.kh esa vkrs gSaA dks<+ esa •kt ;g gksrh gS fd
os tks djrs gSa] mlds cnys esa iqjLdkj Hkh pkgrs gSaA ;g vkSj fo'ks"k ihM+k buesa
iSnk gks tkrh gSA
blds ckn gS vukgr pØA ;gh eul 'kjhj gSA fiNys pØksa
85
le; ls lekf/ rd
ds fØ;kdykiksa] Hkkoksa ds lw{e çHkko&nq"çHkko la;qÙkQ :i ls bl ij iM+rs gSa]

;k ;w¡ dgsa fd ;gha rd iM+rs gSaA D;ksafd blds ckn ik¡poka fo'kqf¼ pØ&vkRe
'kjhj] NBoka vkKk pØ&czã 'kjhj vkSj lkroka lglzkj pØ&fuokZ.k 'kjhj 'ks"k
jgrs gSaA ;s pØ o 'kjhj Lor% u lfØ; jgrs gSa] u fuf"Ø;A cl ;s lk{kh
cus jgrs gSa] 'kkar cus jgrs gSaA pkj pØksa rd gh L=kh&iq#"k dk Hksn] çHkko
o nq"çHkko jgrk gSA lkekU; tu bUgha esa Hksnksa] çHkkoksa o nq"çHkkoksa ds dkj.k
lkalkfjd dk;ks± esa fyIr jgrk gS ;k fiQj çfrfØ;kLo:i fojr gks tkrk gSA
fyIr jguk gS ;k fojr gksuk gS] ;gha ij ;g iw.kZ fu.kZ; gksrk gSA blfy, ;g
vukgr pØ ;kfu eul 'kjhj gh lcls vf/d djkekrh gSA blesa L=kS.k fpÙk
okyksa ds lius gksrs gSa] dYiuk,¡
tks iq#"kksfpÙk LoHkko okyk gS] gksrh gSa vkSj iq#"kfpÙk okyksa esa n`f"V
og ldkjkRed ;k udkjkRed gksrh gSA ;fn fiNys pØksa&'kjhjksa
ds çHkko bl ij gkoh gksrs gSa rks
nksuksa rjg dh dYiuk,¡ djrk gSA
;g mUgha çHkkoksa esa •ks;k jgrk gS]
fpÙk 'kq¼ gksrk gS rks ldkjkRed
mUgha dh dYiuk,¡ djrk jgrk gSA
dYiuk,a djrk gS] ugha rks Hkksx&okluk dh] bZ";kZ&çfrLi/kZ dh]
udkjkRedA bu dYiukvksa esa gh u,&u, ç'uksa dh] muds mÙkjksa dh
cgqr /ks•k Hkh •krk gSA dYiuk,¡ djrk jgrk gSA lkjk fp=k.k
blh esa gks jgk gksrk gSA Hkko 'kjhj
dYiuk dk n`'; ns•rk gS] ysfdu dYiuk,¡ iSnk ;g eul 'kjhj gh djrk gSA
;gk¡ ij fiNys tUeksa vkSj orZeku thou dh bPNk,¡ Hkh vkil esa la?k"kZ djrh
gSaA ;gh Hkwrdky ds lkFk la?k"kZ gSA ;gh }a} gSA ;fn O;fÙkQ LrS.k fpÙk okyk gS
rks lEeksgu] dqaMfyuh tkxj.k] VsyhiSFkh vkfn dh rjiQ tkrk gSA tks iq#"kksfpÙk
LoHkko okyk gS] og ldkjkRed ;k udkjkRed nksuksa rjg dh dYiuk,¡ djrk
gSA fpÙk 'kq¼ gksrk gS rks ldkjkRed dYiuk,a djrk gS] ugha rks udkjkRedA
bu dYiukvksa esa gh cgqr /ks•k Hkh •krk gSA Lo;a dks gh /ks•s esa j•dj
dYiuk djrk gS fd mldh dqaMfyuh tkx`r gks xbZ gSA reke lk/q lar blh
esa iQ¡l tkrs gSa fd gesa rks f'ko jkst n'kZu nsrs gSa] nqxkZ th ls ckr gksrh gS]
86
vkfn dh Mhaxs ekjrs gSaA ;g csgn •rjukd fLFkfr gSA ogha lkalkfjd dk;ks± esa
yxs 'kq¼ fpÙk ds yksx bl eul 'kjhj ds cy ij gh cgqr dqN u;k dj ys
tkrs gSaA oSKkfud blh eul 'kjhj dh dYiuk 'kfÙkQ ds cy ij u, vkfo"dkj
dj ikrs gSaA oS|&fpfdRld LFkwy 'kjhj dh vkarfjd jpuk dh dYiuk dj
ysrs gSaA xf.krK vuqeku yxk ysrs gSaA fopkjd] u, fopkjksa dks tUe ns nsrs
gSaA xhr&laxhrdkj] ys•d&lkfgR;dkj] fp=kdkj u,&u, l`tu dj ysrs gSaA
cy] /u] in] çfr"Bk dh pkg j•us okys 'kkld&ç'kkld blds jl esa Mwcs
jgrs gSaA ysfdu bl lcds ckotwn muesa Hkh lq• dh fujarjrk ugha gks ikrh]
D;ksafd ;g lc djrs gq, Hkh fiNys 'kjhjksa ds çHkkoo'k muesa Hkksx&okluk]
vr`fIr] lansg] la'k;] Hkze cus gh
jgrs gSaA fo'okl ugha gksrk] u Lo;a oSKkfud blh eul 'kjhj
ij] u nwljksa ijA dYiuk,¡ djrs gSa] dh dYiuk 'kfÙkQ ds cy ij
ysfdu n`f"V ugha gksrhA blfy, dbZ u, vkfo"dkj dj ikrs gSaA
ckj oSKkfud vius gh fl}kar dks oS|&fpfdRld LFkwy 'kjhj dh
iyV nsrs gSa] lkfgR;dkj fojks/kHkklh vkarfjd jpuk dh dYiuk dj
fy• nsrs gSaA ç;ksx/ehZ yksx ç;ksx ysrs gSaA xf.krK vuqeku yxk
djrs&djrs cM+h xyfr;ka dj Mkyrs ysrs gSaA fopkjd] u, fopkjksa dks
gSaA 'kkld&ç'kkld Hkh ;gh djrs gSa] tUe ns nsrs gSaA
dHkh cgqr vPNk] dHkh cgqr cqjkA
bu pkjksa pØksa vkSj 'kjhjksa ds fØ;kdykiksa dks ns•dj vk'k;

;g fudyrk gS fd ;s lHkh euq"; dks lalkj esa lfØ; j•us dk Ñf=ke
dkj.k Hkh gSa vkSj thfor cus jgus dk çkÑfrd dkj.k Hkh gSaA bUgha ds dkj.k
euq"; lq•&nq• >syrk jgrk gS vkSj tc ugha >sy ikrk rks vkRegR;k djus
dk fu.kZ; Hkh bUgha ds dkj.k ys ysrk gSA gkykafd euq"; dk bl fLFkfr rd
igq¡puk tho&tarqvksa ls Hkh cn~rj fLFkfr esa igq¡puk gS] D;ksafd fdlh Hkh gky
esa tho&tarq vkRegR;k ugha djrs] euq"; ;g Hkh dj ysrk gSA euq"; ds lkFk
;g lc pkj pØksa&'kjhjksa dh ewy ço`fÙk;ksa ds dkj.k gh gksrk gSA blhfy,
87
le; ls lekf/ rd
buds çfr tkx#drk] le>nkjh] tkx`fr vko';d gS] rkfd euq"; Hkh i'kqor
pkj fo"k;ksa vkgkj] fuæk] Hk;] çtuu esa gh viuk thou u xqtkj ns] tSlkfd
cM+h la[;k esa xqtkjrs gq, fn• jgs gSaA
blh fparu ds ckn djkSyh /ke ds njckj }kjk çR;sd ,d ls]

pkgs og x`gLFk gS ;k laU;klh] pkgs og ukSdj gS ;k ekfyd] pkgs og fdlku
gS ;k oSKkfud] lHkh ls ckj&ckj vkxzg fd;k tkrk gS fd og viuh thou
;k=kk esa mFky&iqFky ls eqfÙkQ ikus ds fy,] LFkkf;Ro ds fy,] lq•&'kkafr ds
fy, bUgsa le> ysA bu pkj pØksa&'kjhjksa dh rjiQ è;ku nsus Hkj ls cgqr lkjh
leL;kvksa dk lek/ku gks tkrk gS vkSj blds fy, dqN Hkh R;kxuk ugha gksrkA
bl jkg ij pyrs gq, tc dHkh bu pkj pØksa ls ikj tkus dk eu curk gS
rks fiQj vkxs dh jkg Hkh cgqr vklku gks tkrh gS] D;ksafd lkjs nan&iQan] }a}
ogha NwV tkrs gSaA blds vkxs dsoy 'kq¼rk&cq¼rk dh ;k=kk gSA
gfjgj
88
fpÙk ds fp=k.k ls •qyrs }kj
L=kS.k vkSj iq#"k fpÙk D;k gS \ pØksa dks le>us ds Øe esa

tc vkxs c<+rs gSa rks lcls igys L=kS.k fpÙk o iq#"k fpÙk 'kCnksa ls ifjp; gksrk
gSA bUgsa lef>;sA thou u L=kh gksrk gS] u iq#"k gksrk gSA xHkZ /kj.k ds le;
esa ekrk&firk xq.klw=kksa ds la;ksx esa xHkZ esa dksbZ 'kjhj jpuk curh gS] og uj
;k eknk 'kjhj ds :i esa gh curh gSA vc ml 'kjhj dks pykus ds fy, dksbZ
thou vkrk gS] ;fn og mu ekrk&firk dh larku ds :i esa thou ysuk gh
pkgrk gS] ;gh mldh çcy bPNk gS rks fiQj og ckyd ;k ckfydk fdlh Hkh
:i esa 'kjhj dks pykuk Lohdkj ysrk gSA vkSj ;fn mldh bPNk ckyd :i
esa gh tUe ysus dh gS rks fiQj og çrh{kk djrk gS] vxys xHkZ/kj.k dhA fiQj
;gh çfØ;k viukrk gSA fo'ks"k ckr ;g gS fd thou }kjk Lo;a dks ckyd ;k
ckfydk :i esa ns•uk dsoy eksgo'k] ukle>h] vKkurk ds dkj.k gh gksrk
gSA ;g vKkurk Hkh dsoy pkj 'kjhjksa LFkwy 'kjhj] Hkko 'kjhj] lw{e 'kjhj vkSj
89
le; ls lekf/ rd
eul 'kjhj rd gh jgrh gSA ikaposa 'kjhj ;kfu vkRe 'kjhj&vukgr pØ ds

tkx`r gksrs gh L=kh&iq#"k dk Hkko gh lekIr gks tkrk gSA blhfy, igys pkj
pØksa&pkj 'kjhjksa esa ges'kk mFky&iqFky jgrh gSA blh dkj.k O;fÙkQ esa dHkh
iq#"kksfpÙk Hkko çcy vkSj y{k.k çcy gksrs gSa rks dHkh fL=k;ksfpÙkA cgqr xgjs
esa mlds bu vnyrs&cnyrs Hkkoksa ds dkj.k gh bM+k&fiaxyk ukM+h esa ÅtkZ
vnyrh&cnyrh jgrh gSA pwafd lkekU; O;fÙkQ dks brus xgjs Hkko idM+ esa
ugha vkrs] blfy, muls dgk tkrk gS fd lkalksa ij è;ku nsa ;kfu bM+k&fiaxyk
ls cg jgh ÅtkZ ij è;ku nsa] mlh ls le> esa vk tkrk gS fd bl le; dkSu
ls Hkko çHkkoh gSaA blls ,d rks ml le; ds Hkko idM+ esa vk tkrs gSa] blds
lkFk gh è;ku cuk, j•us ls muesa
ikaposa 'kjhj ;kfu vkRe Lor% larqyu cuuk vkjaHk gks tkrk
'kjhj&vukgr pØ ds tkx`r gSA ;fn O;fÙkQ blds çfr tkx:d
gksrs gh L=kh&iq#"k dk Hkko gh ugha gS] bUgsa ugha le>rk gS rks fiQj
lekIr gks tkrk gSA blhfy, igys og thou Hkj vius vnyrs&cnyrs
pkj pØksa&pkj 'kjhjksa esa ges'kk
Hkkoksa ds chp esa vVdrk&HkVdrk
mFky&iqFky jgrh gSA blh dkj.k
jgrk gSA dHkh Hkksx&okluk esa Mwcus
O;fÙkQ esa dHkh iq#"kksfpÙk Hkko
dk eu rks dHkh mlls Xykfu djds
çcy vkSj y{k.k çcy gksrs gSa
rks dHkh fL=k;ksfpÙkA czgp;Z vkSj R;kx dh ckrsa djus
yxrk gSA dHkh fdlh ls cgqr çse
dk ikxyiu rd çn'kZu djrk gS rks dHkh mlh ls cgqr vf/d uiQjr djus
yxrk gSA dHkh cgqr vPNs l`tu dh dYiuk vkrh gS rks dHkh foèoal ds
fopkj pyus yxrs gSA ;g L=kS.k vkSj iq#"k fpÙk ds Hkkoksa ds dkj.k gh gksrk
gS] ftudk larqyu lk¡lksa ls gh lk/k tk ldrk gSA
dksbZ Hkh ;g ç;ksx djds ns• ldrk gS] ;fn nk,¡ Loj ls
vf/d lk¡l vk tk jgh gS] rks dqN nsj mlds vkus&tkus dks ns•rs Hkj jfg,]
mruh gh nsj esa og lkekU; gksdj ck,¡ Loj ls Hkh cjkcj vkus yxrh gSA blds
fy, dqN yksx çk.kk;ke dk Hkh lgkjk ysrs gSa rks dqN nwljh ;ksx fof/;ksa dkA
lcdk mís'; ,d gh gksrk gS fd dSls bu nksuksa bM+k&fiaxyk ls vk tk jgh lk¡lksa]
90
fpÙk ds fp=k.k ls •qyrs }kj
Lojksa esa larqyu lk/k tk,A ;g vH;kl djrs jgus ls] muesa fujarj larqyu cuk,
j•us ls /hjs&/hjs ,d fLFkfr curh gS fd 'ok¡l csgn lkekU; gksrh tkrh gS
vkSj ;g fLFkfr 'kkafr çnku djus okyh gksrh gSA bldk vk'k; ;g gS fd vc
eè; dh ukM+h lq"kEuk ds ekè;e ls vkus&tkus yxh gSA ;g fLFkfr lokZsPp ekuh
tkrh gSA lk/d blh dk ç;kl vkSj çrh{kk djrs gSaA lq"kEuk ds lfØ; gksrs gh
pØ tkxj.k dk dk;Z rsth ls vkjaHk gks tkrk gSA çHkko&nq"çHkko] vPNk&cqjk]
lq•&nq• ds Hkkoksa ds chp larqyu cuuk vkjaHk gks tkrk gSA O;fÙkQ ds LoHkko
esa LFkkf;Ro vkrk tkrk gSA blh vH;kl dks vkxs c<+krs tkus ij lkjs pØ tkx`r
gksrs tkrs gSa vkSj è;ku c<+rk tkrk gS] tks lekf/ rd ys tkrk gSA lekf/ vkuan
dh fLFkfr gksrh gS] dksbZ ogk¡ Bgjuk pkgs rks Bgj Hkh ldrk gS] ugha rks mlls
vkxs pydj fuokZ.k dh fLFkfr dks Hkh çkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
igys tkfu;s] D;ksa tkx`r gksuk gS \
,sls gh ekSt vk jgh gS] fiQj tkx`r gksus ds pDdj esa

iM+uk gh D;ksa gS \ igys bl ç'u dk mÙkj lgh ls le> fy;k tk,] vU;Fkk
ns•k&ns•h] fdlh nwljs ds ç;klksa] çHkkoksa ;k çsj.kk ls ;k fiQj lkalkfjd
d"Vksa&nq•ksa ls ijs'kku gksdj dbZ yksx lk/uk ekxZ ij py iM+rs gSa] iyk;u
djds tkx`r gksus fudy iM+rs gSa] Lo;a esa Li"Vrk ugha gksrh rks Lo ds ç;klksa
esa Hkh iw.kZrk ugha vk ikrhA mUgsa vfr'kh?kz gh y{; nwj tkrk fn•kbZ nsrk gS vkSj
/hjs&/hjs FkdkoV eglwl gksus yxrh gS] tks dbZ rjg dh nwljh leL;k,¡ •M+h
dj nsrk gSA ,sls esa O;fÙkQ Lo;a dks vkSj vf/d xgjs esa iQ¡lk ysrk gSA fiQj
ogh O;fÙkQ dHkh Lo;a ij] dHkh xq# ij] dHkh ijaijk ij lansg djrk gS] Øks/
djrk gSA dbZ yksx ?k`.kk Hkh djus yxrs gSa rks dbZ yksx volkn esa pys tkrs
gSaA blfy, igys ;g le> fy;k tk, fd ge vHkh dgk¡ •M+s gSa \ tc viuh
lgh fLFkfr irk gksxh] mlds ckn ;g lgh ls r; gks ikrk gS fd vkidks dgk¡
ls xfr djuh gS] fdl fn'kk esa djuh gS] dgk¡ igq¡puk gS \
gfjgj
91
le; ls lekf/ rd
vc le> dh ;k=kk ij pfy,
tks yksx i'kqor ugha thuk pkgrs gSa] mUgha ds fy, ;g

çLrko gSA vU;Fkk è;ku esa Hkh HkVds gh jgsaxsA pkgs rks ç;ksx djds ns• ysaA
ewyk/kj ij ftl /kj.kk ls è;ku djsaxs] ogh bPNk tkxsxh] dke ;k Hkksx dhA
vki cSBdj dsoy L=kh fparu djus yxsaxs rks oh;Z L•yu rd gks ldrk gSA
;gh mnkgj.k gS fd è;ku rks yxk gS] ysfdu dke ijA blh ls è;ku dh 'kfÙkQ
dk Hkh irk pyrk gSA iq#"kksfpÙk LoHkko okys dbZ yksx gBiwoZd Hkksx&okluk
dk neu Hkh dj ysrs gSa] tSls igyoku ;k czãpkjh vkfnA ysfdu ;g Hkh
mfpr ekxZ ugha gSA mlesa Hkh vr`fIr 'ks"k jgrh gSA blfy, è;ku djus dh
ugha] gks'kiwoZd è;ku nsus dh ckr gks jgh gSA
ewyk/kj pØ&LFkwy 'kjhj ls gh lgh è;ku nsuk gksxk] le>uk

gksxkA Hkys gh vki dgha ls Hkh è;ku ;k fparu djsa] vkjaHk ewyk/kj ls
gh gksxk] ysfdu ;g gks'kiwoZd gksxk] le>iwoZd] larqyuiwoZd gksxkA fiQj
ewyk/kj ds Hkksx&okluk ds vkos'k vkidks ck¡/ ugha ik,axsA vki Hkksx okluk
92
;k mlds neu esa ugha iQlsaxsA mlds fy, dsoy lk{kh Hkko ls bM+k&fiaxyk
ls cg jgh ÅtkZ dks ns•uk gS] lkFk esa vkrs&tkrs Hkkoksa dks ns•uk gSA ns•rs
gh ns•rs Hkko foyhu gksrs gq, fn•saxs] vkrs jgsaxs vkSj foyhu gksrs jgsaxsA ,d
fLFkfr ds ckn Hkko rks vk,axs ysfdu muesa ncko ugha gksxk] u Hkksx&okluk
dk] u neu dkA ;gh larqyu gSA mlh le; ls lef>;s fd ÅtkZ larqfyr gks
jgh gS vkSj og lq"kEuk ls cgus dks rS;kj gSA brus Hkj ls gh fpÙk 'kkar gksus
yxrk gS] g"kZ dh vkgV mBus yxrh gSA ;g vkgV gh ÅtkZ ds mèoZxkeh gksus
dk ladsr gSA vHkh ewyk/kj pØ tkx`r ugha gqvk gS] lq"kEuk ukM+h ls ÅtkZ
ugha cg jgh gS] fiQj Hkh eu esa dqN vPNk lk yxus yxrk gSA
;g vPNk yxuk
,d fLFkfr ds ckn Hkko rks
gh Lokf/"Bku pØ dks >aÑr dj
nsrk gSA Lokf/"Bku pØ ls tqM+s Hkko vk,axs ysfdu muesa ncko ugha
'kjhj esa Hkafxek,¡ cnyus yxrs gSaA gksxk] u Hkksx&okluk dk] u neu
bZ";kZ] }s"k] fgalk] Øks/ 'kkar gksus dkA ;gh larqyu gSA mlh le;
yxrs gSaA muds LFkku ij ldkjkRed ls lef>;s fd ÅtkZ larqfyr gks
Hkko vkus yxrs gSaA blds pyrs
jgh gS vkSj og lq"kEuk ls cgus
jksx&chekfj;ksa dh Le`fr;k¡ u"V gksus
yxrh gSaA muds Hkko lekIr gksus dks rS;kj gSA
yxrs gSa] ftudk loZçFke çHkko
LFkwy 'kjhj esa fn•us yxrk gSA og LoLFk gksrk tkrk gS] psgjs ij rst fn•us
yxrk gSA g"kZ vkSj fo'okl fn•us yxrk gSA blh g"kZ vkSj fo'okl ds Hkko ls
eS=kh vkSj d#.kk dk mn; gksus yxrk gSA lc yksx vPNs yxus yxrs gSa] fç;
yxus yxrs gSaA eu •q'k jgus yxrk gSA bM+k vkSj fiaxyk esa cg jgs 'ok¡l esa
vkSj vf/d larqyu l/us yxrk gSA
;g •q'kh] g"kZ vkSj fo'okl] ÅtkZ dks vkSj Åij dh rjiQ ys

tkus esa lgk;d cu tkrs gSaA Lokf/"Bku pØ ls mBdj ;g ldkjkRed ÅtkZ
ef.kiqjd pØ dks Nwus yxrh gSA bl pØ dh ewy ço`fÙk lansg vkSj la'k; gS]
93
le; ls lekf/ rd
ysfdu tc ldkjkRedrk dh c;kj bl pØ dks Nwrh gS rks lansg vkSj la'k;

Lor% gh lekIr gksus yxrs gSaA fo'okl dk Hkko iSnk gksus yxrk gSA Lo;a ds
çfr Hkh fo'okl c<+rk tkrk gS vkSj nwljksa ds çfr HkhA mlh ls J¼k dk Hkko
tUeus yxrk gSA bM+k vkSj fiaxyk ls cgus okyh ÅtkZ dk çHkko vkSj de gksrk
tkrk gSA bl dkj.k loZçFke rks Lo;a esa eph mFky&iqFky 'kkar gksrh gS] fiQj
ckgj dhA O;fÙkQ Lo dh rjiQ ykSVus yxrk gSA Lo;a ds lkFk thus esa lq•
feyus yxrk gS vkSj nwljksa ds lkFk thus esa HkhA ;gk¡ rd fd ;k=kk Bhd pyus
dk vk'k; ;gh gS fd vc dqN cgqr vPNk çkIr gksus tk jgk gSA
vPNk çkIr gksus dh ;gh dkeuk :ih ÅtkZ ef.kiqjd pØ

ls Åij mBdj vukgr pØ ij
ys•d] lkfgR;dkj] xhrdkj]
laxhrdkj] fp=kdkj] oS|] nLrd nsrh gSA og eul 'kjhj dks
oSKkfud] dkjhxj blh Js.kh ldkjkRedrk ls Hkj nsrh gSA eul
esa vkrs gSaA vkSj ;s yksx ;fn 'kjhj gh lkalkfjd dk;ks± dk lcls
blls vkxs c<+rs gSa rks vkSj Hkh çHkkoh 'kjhj gSA ldkjkRed Hkkoksa
u, jkLrs •qyrs gSa] D;ksafd fiQj ds lkFk lius vkSj dYiuk,¡ vkjaHk
dYiuk,a] n`f"V esa cnyus yxrh gksrh gSaA os u, vè;k; jprh gSaA
gSaA os tgk¡ Hkh è;ku yxkrs gSa] u, l`tu djkrh gSaA ftl {ks=k esa Hkh
ogk¡ vkj&ikj fn•us yxrk gSA ftl O;fÙkQ dh #fp gksrh gS] mlh
{ks=k esa mlls mPprk ds Lrj rd
dh ldkjkRed dYiuk,¡ djkrh gSa] ftuds iQyLo:i O;fÙkQ ds vkxs c<+us
ds ekxZ ç'kLr gksrs gSaA dqN u;k djus dk gkSalyk vkrk gS vkSj og lc fcuk
fdlh nqHkkZouk] Hksn] lansg] la'k; ds gksrk gSA ys•d] lkfgR;dkj] xhrdkj]
laxhrdkj] fp=kdkj] oS|] oSKkfud] dkjhxj blh Js.kh esa vkrs gSaA vkSj ;s yksx
;fn blls vkxs c<+rs gSa rks vkSj Hkh u, jkLrs •qyrs gSa] D;ksafd fiQj dYiuk,a]
n`f"V esa cnyus yxrh gSaA os tgk¡ Hkh è;ku yxkrs gSa] ogk¡ vkj&ikj fn•us
yxrk gSA oS| 'kjhj dh vkarfjd jpuk ds n'kZu dj ysrs gSa] oSKkfud vkdk'k
vkSj czÞkk.M esa fopj.k dj vkrs gSaA bl pØ ij è;ku cuk, j•us ls ;g
94
n`f"V c<+rh tkrh gS] iSuh gksrh tkrh gS rks rRoksa ds vkj&ikj fn•uk vkjaHk
gks tkrk gSA /kj.kk,¡ fl¼ gksus ds :i esa fn• tkrh gSaA vukgr pØ esa tc
ÅtkZ dk :ikarj.k gks tkrk gS] rks LoIu Hkh lR; ds gh vk,axs] ;kfu LoIu esa
Hkh tkxk gqvk gS] lks;k ugha gSA blesa ;FkkFkZ ?kfVr gksrk gS] mldk ladYi o
opu fl¼ gks tkrk gSA iw.kZ gks tkrk gSA bUgsa fl¼h çkIr gksuk dgrs gSaA ,slh
n`f"V okyksa dks gh nwjn'khZ ;k lar dgk tkus yxrk gSA ;g vukgr pØ] eul
'kjhj ij è;ku nsus] mlds >aÑr gksus ds dkj.k gh gksrk gSA
eul 'kjhj dk bl fLFkfr esa igq¡puk gh lkalkfjd fØ;kdykiksa

dh iw.kZrk gSA blds ckn HkkSfrd :i ls dqN ikus ds fy, 'ks"k ugha cprkA
blfy, bPNk Hkh ugha jgrhA mlls
os lq"kEuk ij è;ku yxkrs gSa]
vkxs dk thou dsoy ekuork ds
fy, ekuoh; ewY;ksa ds fy,] mls lfØ; dj mldh ÅtkZ dks
laca/ksa ds fuokZg ds fy, gh 'ks"k vukgr pØ ls ikj ys tkdj
cprk gSA ;gk¡ rd igq¡p pqds O;fÙkQ fo'kqf¼ pØ ;kfu vkRe 'kjhj
ds lkalkfjd la?k"kZ lekIr gks pqds rd dh ;k=kk djus yxrs gSaA ;gk¡
gksrs gSaA vc ;g mlds Bgjus dk
bM+k&fiaxyk] lq"kEuk esa foyhu
LFkku gSA HkkSfrdrk dks frykatfy
gks tkrh gSaA
nsdj cgqr lkjs fo}ku] euh"kh ;gha
vkdj Bgj tkrs gSaA blh Bgjko esa
'kjhj ;k=kk iwjh dj ysrs gSaA ;gk¡ rd igq¡prs&igq¡prs bM+k vkSj fiaxyk ,d gksus
yxrh gSa vkSj bl pØ ls FkksM+k lk vkSj Åij mBrs gh os ,d gks tkrh gSaA
tks es/koh ;gk¡ ugha Bgjuk pkgrs] os Lo dks] eSa dkSu gw¡] dks tkuuk pkgrs
gSa] muds fy, ;gha ls vHkkSfrd lalkj dh ;k=kk vkjaHk gksrh gSA os lq"kEuk ij
è;ku yxkrs gSa] mls lfØ; dj mldh ÅtkZ dks vukgr pØ ls ikj ys tkdj
fo'kqf¼ pØ ;kfu vkRe 'kjhj rd dh ;k=kk djus yxrs gSaA ;gk¡ bM+k&fiaxyk]
lq"kEuk esa foyhu gks tkrh gSaA fiQj ,d gh ukM+h lq"kEuk gh ÅtkZ ds vkus&tkus
dk ekè;e cprh gSA ewyk/kj ls gh mlesa ÅtkZ cgus dh fujarjrk gks tkrh
95
le; ls lekf/ rd
gSA è;ku nsrs jgus ls vkRe 'kjhj tkx`r gksus yxrk gSA ;gh dqaMfyuh tkxj.k
gSA
;g fo'kqf¼ pØ dh ifjØek gS] vkRe 'kjhj esa ;k=kk gSA ;gk¡

êSa gw¡*] dk Hkku gks tkrk gSA eSa dkSu gw¡ ls ^dkSu* yqIr gks tkrk gS] cl êSa
gw¡* cprk gSA vkSj vf/d è;ku ls dsoy eSa gw¡ ds LFkku ij vge~ czãkfLe~ dk
Hkko vk tkrk gSA gkykafd rhljs ef.kiqjd pØ esa Hkh tkx`fr ds :i vge
czÞkfLe dk Hkko jgrk gSA cgqr lkjs lk/q&larksa esa ;g fn• Hkh tkrk gS] ysfdu
og vgadkj ds feJ.k ds lkFk jgrk gS] D;ksafd ml le; rd lkjh ÅtkZ
ogha Bgjh jgrh gS] fo'kqf¼ pØ tkx`r gh ugha gqvk jgrk gSA fiQj Hkh rhljs
pØ tkxj.k ds vius çHkko gksrs gSaA
lc esa czã gSa rks lc esa rks
blfy, cgqr lkjs lk/q&lar vgadkj
eSa Hkh gwa] fiQj rks eSa Hkh czã
ds lkFk thrs gq, fn•rs gSaA FkksM+h lh
gwaA fo'kqf¼ pØ esa ;gh fo'kky
ckr ij gh Øksf/r gks tkrs gSaA eq>s
Hkko vkrk gSA ;gka ij okLrfod
ç.kke D;ksa ugha fd;k] iSj dSls ugha
êSa* dk viuk cks/ gks tkrk gSA
Nq,] vkfn ckrksa ij Hkh os Øksf/r gks
L=kh&iq#"k dk Hksn gh ugha] lHkh
tkrs gSa] D;ksafd os Hkh Lo;a dks vge~
}Sr ;gka feV tkrs gSaA dqaMfyuh
czãkfLe eku gh ysrs gSaA tcfd ;g
tks Økl djrh vkrh gS]
dsoy Hkko :i esa ekuk gh gqvk gksrk
gS] vHkh feyk ugha gS] feyus ds ckn
rks :ikarj.k gks tk,xk] ;g :ikarj.k fo'kqf¼ pØ esa gh gksrk gSA
tSls fgj.;d';i Hkh dg jgk gS vge~ czãkfLeA eSa gh czã

gw¡A fo'kqf¼ pØ okyk Hkh dg jgk gS fd vge~ czgkfLeA ysfdu fgj.;d';i
dg jgk gS fd eSa gh czã gw¡] tcfd fo'kqf¼ pØ okyk dg jgk gS fd eSa
Hkh czã gw¡A og ;g dgrk gS fd eq> esa] vki esa] bl esa] ml esa] lc esa
czã gSaA lc esa czã gSa rks lc esa rks eSa Hkh gwa] fiQj rks eSa Hkh czã gwaA fo'kqf¼
pØ esa ;gh fo'kky Hkko vkrk gSA ;gka ij okLrfod êSa* dk viuk cks/ gks
tkrk gSA L=kh&iq#"k dk Hksn gh ugha] lHkh }Sr ;gka feV tkrs gSaA dqaMfyuh tks
96
Økl djrh vkrh gS] ;gk¡ ij vkdj og lh/h gks tkrh gSA thou vkSj 'kjhj
iwjh rjg ls vyx&vyx Li"V fn• tkrk gSA lks;k gqvk O;fÙkQ Hkh tkxk gh
jgrk gSA blfy, dgk x;k gS fd vxj bl pØ esa xM+cM+h gks xbZ ;k dh xbZ
rks lef>;s fd O;fÙkQ ikxy Hkh gks ldrk gSA xM+cM+h ls vk'k; ;g gS fd
vki us larqyu ugha j•k ;k vkidks lgh xq# ugha feyk] rks •rjs c<+ tkrs gSaA
bUgha •rjksa esa ,d vkuannk;d •rjk Hkh gSA pkSFks ef.kiqjd

pØ ds ckn tSlk lkalkfjd Bgjko gS] fo'kqf¼ pØ esa oSlk gh vkè;kfRed
Bgjko gSA blesa vkuan gSA bl vkuan ds dkj.k xfr Fkeus dh laHkkouk Hkh
cgqr vf/d gksrh gSA vkRe 'kjhj bruk peRdkfjd gS fd O;fÙkQ ds iQ¡lus ds
vf/dre volj vkrs gSaA og tks
bl LFkku ij igqapdj cgqr
Hkh HkkSfrd lq•&lqfo/k pkgs gkfly es/koh Bgj tkrs gSa] D;ksafd
dj ldrk gSA tks lkspks] tks cksyks] vafre lR; dks NksM+dj 'ks"k
tks dj nks] og gks tkrk gSA iwjh lHkh lR; os tku pqds gksrs
çÑfr b'kkjksa ij ukpus yxrh gSA gSa] os Hkh lR; gh gks pqds
;gh iQ¡lus dh txg gSA le; vkSj gksrs gSaA ;gka eSa gwa] esa ls gwa Hkh
LFkku ;gk¡ yqIr gks tkrs gSaA ç'u] NwV tkrk gS] dsoy eSa cprk
rdZ] bPNk] fopkj] vk'kk,¡ lekIr gSA tkuus ds fy, dsoy ;gh
gks tkrh gSaA ;g lekf/ LFky gSA vafre lR; cprk gSA
cgqr euh"kh blh esa je tkrs gSaA ,sls
euhf"k;ksa dh blds ckn vkKk pØ vkSj fuokZ.k dh ;k=kk Bgjh lh jgrh gSA
fo'kqf¼ rd HkkSfrd&vHkkSfrd nksuksa 'kjhj gSaA vc vkrk gS

vkKk pØ] czã 'kjhjA ;gk¡ HkkSfrd 'kjhj dh Hkh vko';rk ugha jg tkrh gSA
blesa eSa czã gw¡ dk iwjk&iwjk cks/ gks tkrk gSA mlesa dksbZ Hkze ugha jgrkA bl
LFkku ij igq¡pdj cgqr es/koh Bgj tkrs gSa] D;ksafd vafre lR; dks NksM+dj
'ks"k lHkh lR; os tku pqds gksrs gSa] os Hkh lR; gh gks pqds gksrs gSaA ;gka eSa
gwa] esa ls ^gwa* Hkh NwV tkrk gS] dsoy êSa* cprk gSA tkuus ds fy, dsoy
97
le; ls lekf/ rd
;gh vafre lR; cprk gSA ;gka Hkh yack Bgjk tk ldrk gSA cgqr lar ;gk¡
Bgjs jgrs gSaA le; ;gk¡ gksrk gh ugha] blfy, dc rd Bgjrs gSa] bldh dky
x.kuk Hkh ugha gksrhA
blds ckn gS lglzkj pØ] fuokZ.k 'kjhjA ;gk¡ êSa* Hkh foyhu
gks tkrk gSA vafre lR; Hkh •qy tkrk gSA lkjs pØ] lkjs 'kjhj foyhu gks tkrs
gSaA dqN ugha gS] dqN Hkh ugha gS] dk Hkko gh 'ks"k cprk gSA ,slk euhf"k;ksa us
bl pØ ds ckjs esa 'kkL=kksa esa fy•k gSA ;g Hkh fy•k gS fd blds ckn dsoy
çekf.kr gksuk 'ks"k cprk gSA bl voLFkk dks ik, gq, thou ds ikl HkkSfrd
'kjhj esa okil vkdj lekt esa jgdj Lo;a dks gksus dks çekf.kr djuk gksrk
gSA çek.k dh ijaijk cukuh gksrh gSA ;g lc viuh bPNk] fopkj] vk'kk ds
vuarj gksrk gS] fdlh vis{kk ;k etcwjh esa ughaA bl rjg vkuan dh ;g ;k=kk
lcdks vkuafnr djus ds fy, vuar dky rd pyrh jgrh gSA py jgh gSA
gfjgj
98
tius ugha] thus dk ea=k gS nh{kk
nh{kkds 'kkfCnd vFkZ esa pkj fo"k; lekfgr gSaA nh{kk esa
igyk v{kj n gS] nwljh ek=kk cM+h bZ gS] rhljk v{kj {k gS vkSj pkSFkh ek=kk
cM+k vk gS] ftlls feydj nh{kk 'kCn fufeZr gqvk gSA
blesa n dk vFkZ gS dqaMyh] LokfLrd] ftrsafæ;] f'koA
bZ dk vFkZ gS f=keqfrZ] egkek;k] iqf"V] rqf"V] 'kkafrA
{k dk vFkZ gS Øks/] lagkj] egk{kksHkA
vk dk vFkZ gS ukjk;.k] çpaM] fØ;kA
vFkkZr thou esa tks f'ko vkSj 'kfÙkQ dk la;qÙkQ :i gS vkSj

tks egkek;k] rqf"V o 'kq¼rk dh fLFkfr gS vkSj tks fopkj :ih eyksa dk lagkj
djds thou esa dkafr mRiUu dj ns] vFkkZr O;fÙkQ dks iw.kZRo çnku dj ns] uj
ls ukjk;.k cuk ns] iq#"k ls iq#"kksÙke cuk ns] bl ikou fØ;k dk uke nh{kk gSA
99
le; ls lekf/ rd
ftlds ekè;e ls xq# vius f'k"; dks nh{kk çnku djds] mlds lHkh lafpr
deZ Hkksxksa] deZ ca/u] Le`fr;ksa ls eqÙkQ djds] mldh reke xanfx;ksa ls mls
nwj djds] mls eks{k ds jkLrs ij ys tkrk gSA ysfdu lcls cM+k ladV ;g gS
fd yksx nh{kk dk vFkZ gh ugha le>rs gSaA
ns•us esa vkrk gS fd 99 çfr'kr yksx vius dsoy HkkSfrd

mís';ksa dh iwfrZ ds fy, nh{kk ysrs gSa ;k ysus dk ç;kl djrs gSaA vxj ge
lkekftd yksxksa dh ckr djsa rks ,d çfr'kr ls Hkh de yksx vius eks{k ds
fy, gh xq# ryk'krs ;k cukrs gSaA çkphu dky esa xq#dqy Fks] rc xq#dqy esa gh
r; gks tkrk Fkk fd dkSu f'k"; vius lq•&lk/u ds fy, ç;kl djsxk ;kfu
jktlh thou ft;sxk vkSj dkSu ri
tcfd eqfÙkQ dk ekxZ •kstus ds
dk ekxZ pqusxk] eks{k dk ekxZ pqusxk]
fy,] eks{k çkIr djus ds fy,]
xq# cukus dk y{; ,d çfr'kr eqfÙkQ dk ekxZ pqusxkA mlh vuqlkj
ls vf/d yksxksa dk ugha gSA bl xq# nh{kk çnku dh tkrh FkhA vkt
ckr dks le>uk gksxkA blh dkj.k yksx vius HkkSfrd thou esa vk jgh
yksx 40] 50 ;k 60 o"kZ dh vk;q dfBukb;ksa ls cpus ds fy,] nq•ksa ls
ds ckn xq# dks •kstus dk ç;kl eqfÙkQ ikdj lq• çkIr djus ds fy,
djrs gSa fd ge dSlk xq# cuk,¡ xq# dh ryk'k djrs gSa] nh{kk ysrs
tks lgh jkLrk lq>k ldsA
gSa rkfd xq# 'kfÙkQikr djds dksbZ
peRdkj tSlk dj nsaA ,slk gksrk gS
;k ugha gksrk gS] fdruk gksrk gS] dSls gksrk gS] ;s vyx ls fopkj.kh; fo"k;
gSa] ysfdu vc blh ds fy, xq# cukus dh ijaijk py jgh gS] tksfd nks"kiw.kZ
gSA tcfd eqfÙkQ dk ekxZ •kstus ds fy,] eks{k çkIr djus ds fy,] xq# cukus
dk y{; ,d çfr'kr ls vf/d yksxksa dk ugha gSA
bl ckr dks le>uk gksxkA blh dkj.k yksx 40] 50 ;k 60

o"kZ dh vk;q ds ckn xq# dks •kstus dk ç;kl djrs gSa fd ge dSlk xq# cuk,¡
tks lgh jkLrk lq>k ldsA vktdy yksx ,slk dgrs lqus tkrs gSa fd lgh xq#
feyuk cM+k eqf'dy gS] ij ckr ;g ugha gS cfYd blls cgqr xgjh gSA okLro
100
esa vktdy lgh f'k"; gh feyuk cM+k eqf'dy gSA bl ij vkSj è;ku nsaxs rks
vkSj vPNs ls le>saxs ysfdu ;s esjk viuk Lo;a dk ,d O;fÙkQxr vuqHko gS
fd f'k"; dksbZ cgqr T;knk fnu cus Hkh ugha jguk pkgrkA mldh lkjh •kst
mldk lkjk ç;kl xq# cuus dks ysdj gS fd xq# dSls cuk tk, \ ;g le>uk
gksxk fd xq# cuus dk ;g ç;kl ckgjh ç;kl gS vkSj f'k"; cuus dk ç;kl
vkarfjd ç;kl gSA ;g vkarfjd ç;kl gh vkidh 'kfÙkQ;ksa dks tkx`r djrk
gSA vkidk f'k";Ro gh tkx`r djrk gSA vki ,d f'k"; ds :i esa gh reke
'kfÙkQ;ksa dks tkx`r dj ldrs gSaA xq# ds :i esa vki mUgsa lapkfyr dj ldrs
gSaA eks{k dh çkfIr ds fy, tks xq# <w¡<rs gSa] ,sls yksxksa dh la[;k maxfy;ksa
ij fxuh tk ldrh gSA vU;Fkk gekjs
lq• lk/u dSls uk VwVs vkSj og xq# nh{kk ekuo ds thou dh
Ükà•yk uk VwVs] gekjs lq• lk/u dSls ,d vn~Hkqr ?kVuk gS tgk¡ ij
cus jgs] dSls c<+rs jgsa] blds fy, f'k"; dh vksj ls leiZ.k vkSj
gh xq# dh •kst vf/d dh tkrh xq# dh rjiQ ls çse dh o"kkZ]
;gh nh{kk gSA f'k"; ds leiZ.k
gSA vkt eqfÙkQ vkSj eks{k dks y{;
djrs gh nh{kk ds ekè;e ls
djds dksbZ f'k"; tYnh ugha feyrkA
iw.kZ xq# gh f'k"; dks eqfÙkQ dk
xq# ds çfr leiZ.k] J¼k] fo'okl ekxZ fn•krk gS] eks{k dk ekxZ
;k rks lkekf;d gksrs gSa vkSj dgha u fn•krk gSA
dgha LokFkZ ls çsfjr gksrs gSa] blfy,
xq# Hkh 'kfÙkQ;k¡ tYnh ugha •ksyrkA ysfdu yksxksa dks xq# ea=k blfy, pkfg,
fd dqN peRdkj gks tk, rks ;g xq# ds fy, vlgt fLFkfr curh gSA xq#
nh{kk ekuo ds thou dh ,d vn~Hkqr ?kVuk gS tgk¡ ij f'k"; dh vksj ls
leiZ.k vkSj xq# dh rjiQ ls çse dh o"kkZ] ;gh nh{kk gSA f'k"; ds leiZ.k
djrs gh nh{kk ds ekè;e ls iw.kZ xq# gh f'k"; dks eqfÙkQ dk ekxZ fn•krk gS]
eks{k dk ekxZ fn•krk gS] fuokZ.k dk ekxZ fn•krk gSA xq# vkidks vkykSfdd]
ikjykSfdd vkSj bl Hkolkxj ls ikj gks tkus dh vkSj reke ck/kvksa ls eqfÙkQ
dk ekxZ crkrk gSA
101
le; ls lekf/ rd
vkjaHk esa gh crk;k tk pqdk gS fd nh{kk pkj phtksa ls

feydj cuh gSA blds iQyLo:i gh xq# dh d#.kk vkSj f'k"; dh ÑrKrk ls
;g nh{kk tSlh ifo=k ?kVuk ?kVrh gSA JhÑ".k th dks Hkh nh{kkvksa dh fØ;k ls
xq# lanhiu us Hkxoku cuk fn;kA bu 'kfÙkQ;ksa ds lk/u ls] lk/uk ls O;fÙkQ
f=kyksd ij jkt djrk gS vkSj eqfÙkQ dks çkIr gksrk gSA nh{kk dk vFkZ xq# viuh
ÅtkZ ls vkidks liQyrk ds fudV&fudVre fcanq rd igq¡pk nsrk gS] ckdh
vki lc dqN vius fo'okl vkSj J¼k ls vkxs ys tkrs gSaA ,dkxzrk ls] ea=k
ti ds }kjk bls laHko cukrs gSaA nh{kk ds mijkar djus dks dqN •kl jg ugha
tkrkA xq# viuh 'kfÙkQ ls nhf{kr O;fÙkQ dks çsfjr djrk gS] vkxs c<+krk gS]
lqjf{kr j•rk gSA
bu 'kfÙkQ;ksa ds lk/u ls] lk/uk
f'k"; ds leiZ.k
ls O;fÙkQ f=kyksd ij jkt djrk gS
djrs gh] xq# d#.kkiwoZd viuh
vkSj eqfÙkQ dks çkIr gksrk gSA nh{kk
'kfÙkQ ls mls bZ'oj dh vksj mUeq•
dk vFkZ xq# viuh ÅtkZ ls vkidks
dj nsrk gSA bZ'oj çkfIr dk ekxZ
liQyrk ds fudV&fudVre fcanq
ç'kLr dj nsrk gSA gj O;fÙkQ tks
rd igq¡pk nsrk gS] ckdh vki lc
ekuo ds :i esa iSnk gqvk gS] mlds
dqN vius fo'okl vkSj J¼k ls fy, nh{kk ,d vfr vko';d
vkxs ys tkrs gSaA vfuok;Z fo"k; gS] ftlds ekè;e
ls og vius dks ml vksj ys tkrk
gS] ftlds fy, mlus tUe fy;k gSA f'k"; viuk tUe lkFkZd cuk ysrk gSA
blfy, nh{kk çR;sd ekuo ds fy, vko';d gksus ds lkFk&lkFk vfuok;Z Hkh
gSA ysfdu ;g Hkh vius fdlh tUe ds 'kqHk deks± ds iQyLo:i gh xq# Ñik
çkIr gksdj nh{kk feyrh gS] ftls ln~xq# çnku djrs gSa] ftls iw.kZ xq# çnku
djrs gSaA vU;Fkk O;fÙkQ tSls iSnk gksrk gS] oSls gh mldh e`R;q gks tkrh gSA
blds ckn tc Hkh gtkj] nks gtkj] ik¡p gtkj o"kks± ds ckn iqu% tUe feyrk
gS] rc fiQj ;g volj çkIr gksrk gSA gekjs dbZ tUeksa ds iki deZ] gekjh
Le`fr;k¡ gesa fuokZ.k dh rjiQ tkus ls jksdrh gSaA ½f"k&eqfu;ksa us bu lcls
102
eqfÙkQ ds fy, gh nh{kk dk vk;kstu fu/kZfjr fd;k gS] rkfd euq"; iki deks±
ls eqÙkQ gksdj tUe&ej.k ds pDdj ls NwV ldsA ftl O;fÙkQ dks leiZ.k ds
mijkar xq# dh Ñik fey tk, vkSj xq# mldks vius tSlk cukus ds fy, rRij
gks tk,] blh ?kVuk dk uke nh{kk gSA
xq# }kjk dsoy dku esa ea=k iQw¡d nsus ls nh{kk iwjh ugha
gksrhA nh{kk dk vFkZ gS] xq# us f'k"; dh iwjh ftEesnkjh ys yh gS fd og
mlds lHkh deZ Hkksxksa dks lekIr djk,xkA mls reke deZ ca/uksa o Le`fr;ksa
ls eqÙkQ djds xanfx;ksa ls nwjs djds mls eks{k dk jkLrk fn•k,xk] blh ç;kl
dk uke gS nh{kkA vHkh rd tks Hkh gekjs ikl lwpuk ds :i esa miyC/ Fkk]
mls vuqHko esa çofrZr djus dk
cfYd ea=k dsoy ,d ladYi
dke xq# }kjk djk;k tkrk gSA ;gh ek=k gS fd xq# vkSj f'k"; }kjk
nh{kk gSA bldk vFkZ ;g dnkfi ugha fdlh xw<+ fo"k; dks le>uk
gS fd vki fdlh xq# ls ,d ea=k çkjaHk fd;k x;k gSA vKkfu;ksa
ikdj nhf{kr gks x,A cfYd ea=k ;k LokfFkZ;ksa us ea=k nh{kk dks gh
dsoy ,d ladYi ek=k gS fd xq# lcls cM+h ?kVuk eku fy;k gSA
vkSj f'k"; }kjk fdlh xw<+ fo"k; xq# rFkkdfFkr f'k"; dks nh{kk
dks le>uk çkjaHk fd;k x;k gSA ns nsrk gS vkSj cnys esa nf{k.kk
vKkfu;ksa ;k LokfFkZ;ksa us ea=k nh{kk ys ysrk gSA
dks gh lcls cM+h ?kVuk eku fy;k
gSA xq# rFkkdfFkr f'k"; dks nh{kk ns nsrk gS vkSj cnys esa nf{k.kk ys ysrk gSA
;g nh{kk dnkfi ugha gSA blds i'pkr ;g Hkh gksrs gq, ns•k x;k gS fd fdlh
xq# ls nh{kk yh vkSj dksbZ liQyrk ugha feyh rks eu esa vJ¼k dk Hkko iSnk
gks tkrk gSA fiQj og nhf{kr f'k"; nwljk xq# cukus fudy iM+rk gSA ,sls yksx
lnSo HkVdrs gh jgrs gSaA ,sls yksxksa dks gj LFkku ij vliQyrk feyuh r; gSA
rkaf=kd xzaFkksa esa Hkh Li"V mYys• feyrk gS fd Jh xq# eq• ls nh{kk ds cxSj
dksbZ Hkh ea=k liQy ugha gksrk gSA nh{kk ds mijkar vkids Kku foKku esa o`f¼
gksrh gS vkSj ea=k Hkh fl¼ gksrs gSa] ysfdu blds fy, ln~xq# ds eq• ls fudyus
103
le; ls lekf/ rd
okys 'kCn vkids fy, eqfÙkQ ds }kj •ksyrs gSaA vkidks pkSjklh yk• ;ksfu;ksa ds
ca/u ls eqÙkQ djrs gSaA ekrk&firk rks vkidks fu;frfof/ ls Lo;a feyrs gSa] ysfdu
xq# feyuk] xq# Ñik feyuk vkids vius vPNs deks± ds }kjk gh laHko gksrk gSA
fdlh dks f'k"; cukus dk vFkZ gS fd og xq# dk iq=k gqvk

vkSj ml f'k"; dh iq=k ls Hkh vf/d ns•Hkky djuk xq# dk thoui;Zar
drZO; cu tkrk gSA ;g nh{kk ds mijkar gh laHko gksrk gSA firk ds ckn xq#
gh ,dek=k ,slk O;fÙkQRo gS tks vius f'k"; dks vius ls Hkh vkxs] vius ls
mPp Lrj ij tkrs gq, ns•uk pkgrk gS vkSj mldks •q'kh Hkh gksrh gSA og
vius dks ,d iw.kZ va'k ds :i esa ns•rk gSA tc dksbZ f'k"; ikjaxr gksrk gS]
xq# ls Hkh vkxs fudy tkrk gSA og xq# dks Hkh çekf.kr djrk gS] rks f'k";
dks çekf.kr ns•dj xq# vius dks çekf.kr ekurk gSA vxj xq# çekf.kr gksuk
gS rks xq# vius dks f'k"; esa gh çekf.kr djsxk vkSj dksbZ mik; ughaA blfy,
,d lPpk xq# vius f'k"; dks vkxs c<+kus ds fy, lnSo ç;kljr jgrk gS
rkfd og xq# Hkh çekf.kr gks ldsA nh{kk dk ,d xgjk Hkko ;g Hkh gS fd
;fn xq# riLoh gS vkSj laiw.kZ gS rks mldh riL;k dk va'k f'k"; dks Hkh
feyrk gS vkSj f'k"; Hkh iw.kZ gks tkrk gS] ysfdu ;g ?kVuk nh{kk mijkar gh
?kfVr gksrh gSA nh{kk ds mijkar lk/uk dh ;gh fof/ gS] ;gh ijaijk gSA nksuksa
dh ;ksX;rk ;fn Bhd&Bhd gS rks nh{kk gh og vk/kj gS] ftlls euq"; tkfr
104
vkxs c<+ ldrh gSA ;g f'k"; vkSj xq# nksuksa ds lkeF;Z ij gh fuHkZj djrk
gS fd f'k"; dgk¡ rd vkxs tk,xkA nh{kk ds i'pkr ,d lk/kj.k O;fÙkQ Hkh
,d egkiq#"k ds :i esa çfrf"Br gks ldrk gS vkSj yk•ksa&djksM+ksa yksxksa ds
fy, çsj.kk dk lzksr Hkh cu ldrk gSA dksbZ Hkh O;fÙkQ tc vagdkj ls mBdj]
nks"kkjksi.k ls mBdj] HkkSfrd vkSj rkfdZdrk ls mBdj deZ&fØ;k djrk gSA rks
og f'k"; cuus dh ;ksX; gks tkrk gSA vkt /eZ dks O;kikj dh rjg mi;ksx
fd;k tk jgk gSA
LokFkhZ yksxksa us lekt esa ,d Hkze dh fLFkfr iSnk djds
j•h gSA blfy, dHkh Hkh tYnckth esa nh{kk ugha ysuh pkfg,] tc rd vki
Lo;a dks f'k";Ro ds rS;kj u dj ysaA
tc rd f'k";Ro dh Hkkouk vki esa
nh{kk ds i'pkr ,d lk/kj.k
çxk<+ u gks tk,] rc rd nh{kk ugha
O;fÙkQ Hkh ,d egkiq#"k ds :i
ysuh pkfg,A tc xgjs esa ;g ckr
esa çfrf"Br gks ldrk gS vkSj
le> esa vk tk, fd leiZ.k fdls
yk•ksa&djksM+ksa yksxksa ds fy,
dgrs gSa] rc rd nh{kk ysuk mi;ksxh
çsj.kk dk lzksr Hkh cu ldrk
ugha gSA fo'ks"k% fcuk vius fir` ½.k
gSA dksbZ Hkh O;fÙkQ tc vagdkj
dks pqdk;s vFkkZr vius firjksa dks
ls mBdj] nks"kkjksi.k ls mBdj]
eqfÙkQ fnyk;s fcuk nh{kk dHkh liQy
HkkSfrd vkSj rkfdZdrk ls mBdj
ugha gks ldrhA igys fir` eqfÙkQ gks]
deZ&fØ;k djrk gSA
fiNyh lHkh ihf<+;ksa dh xanxh lkiQ
gks] lHkh Le`fr;k¡] vax Le`fr;k¡ u"V
gksa] fiNys tUeksa ds deZca/u vkSj deZHkksx fuf"Ø; gksa] iap egkHkwrksa dh 'kqf¼
gksdj mudh flf¼ gks tk,] rHkh vki vkSj vkidk LFkwy 'kjhj iwjh rjg ls
'kkjhfjd o ekufld rkSj ij 'kq¼ gksdj è;ku nsus vkSj è;ku&lk/uk djus ds
;ksX; cu ikrk gSA
gfjgj
105
le; ls lekf/ rd
lekf/ foJke gS] fojke ugha
lekf/ vFkkZr le; ls ijs dh voLFkk vFkkZr og voLFkk

tks le; ls Hkh igys jgh gksA ;g ykSfdd lalkj cuus ds igys le; ugha
FkkA ;g lalkj ;k tks ,s'o;Z ru&eu dh vk¡•ksa ls fn•rk gS] bl n`'; lalkj
ds cuus ds igys tks Fkk] mls le;&vkf/ vFkkZr lekf/ dgk x;kA tc f'ko
ds }kjk crkbZ xbZ 112 è;ku fof/;ksa esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d fof/ dks viukdj
è;ku ds ekè;e ls le; dk vfrØe.k djds le; ds vkjaHk esa igq¡p tkrs
gSa] ml ?kVuk dks le; dk var dgk tkrk gSA ½f"k;ksa&eqfu;ksa us ml voLFkk
dks ik;k] vuqHko fd;k vkSj fiQj ls mls lekf/ uke fn;kA le; dk var gksrs
gh] bPNk] fopkj] vk'kk Hkh 'kwU; gks tkrs gSa] fuf"Ø; gks tkrs gSaA lekf/ dh
voLFkk çkIr djus ds fy, vkjaHk esa fof/ dh vfuok;Z :i ls vko';drk
gksrh gS] ysfdu lekf/ dh voLFkk çkIr djus ds ckn fof/ Hkh xkS.k gks
tkrh gS] vçklkafxd gks tkrh gSA euq"; ek=k ds fy, lekf/ dk vuqHko ,d
çdkj ls lkalkfjd fØ;kdykiksa dk var gSA ,sls Hkh dg ldrs gSa fd lR;
ds vuqHko dh igyh ?kVuk lekf/ gSA lekf/ lR; dk vkjaHk gS] vuqHko dk
vkjaHk gS] cks/ dh >yd gSA lekf/ ,d çdkj ls eu dh e`R;q vkSj vkRek
106
dk tUe gSA eu dh e`R;q ls vk'k;] mldh papyrk ls gS tksfd og iwjh rjg

ls 'kkar gks tkrk gSA
euekuh ugha djrk] cqf¼ ds v/hu gks tkrk gSA bl dkj.k
gh bl ?kVuk dks euq"; ek=k ds fy, lkalkfjd fØ;kdykiksa dk var dgk
tk jgk gSA lekf/ cq/Ro dk igyk pj.k gSA bls Bhd ls le>uk pkfg,]
fo'ks"kdj mu yksxksa dks tks lk/uk esa yxs gq, gSaA vU;Fkk muds fy, Hkfo";
esa Hkkjh Hkze dh fLFkfr cu ldrh gS] D;ksafd vHkh rd rks vè;kRe txr
ds Louke /U; cM+s&cM+s xq#vksa] laçnk; ijaijkvksa esa yxs lk/dksa }kjk lquk
tkrk jgk gS fd lekf/ esa gh Kku gS vFkkZr lekf/ gksuk gh Kku dks miyC/
gks tkuk gS] vkRek dk ijekRek esa yhu gks tkuk gSA tcfd ,slk ugha gSA
cfYd lekf/ ml ?kVuk dk uke
gS tgk¡ ij thou laca/h ç'uksa dk] lekf/ ;gh voLFkk gS] tcfd
leL;kvksa dk] nq•ksa dk ekSu gksuk] è;ku ,d ?kVuk gS] Kku dks
'kkar gksuk ik;k tkrk gSA blh dks miyC/ gksuk ,d ?kVuk gSA lekf/
yksx ije lq• dh voLFkk dg nsrs ds i'pkr çKk dk tkxj.k gksrk
gSaA lekf/ ;gh voLFkk gS] tcfd
gSA ;g le> ds nwljs pj.k esa
è;ku ,d ?kVuk gS] Kku dks miyC/
gksuk ,d ?kVuk gSA ços'k gSA ;gka ls tkx`fr dh ;k=kk
vkjaHk gksrh gS] tc vuqHko gksus
lekf/ ds i'pkr
vkjaHk gks tkrs gSaA
çKk dk tkxj.k gksrk gSA ;g le>
ds nwljs pj.k esa ços'k gSA ;gka ls
tkx`fr dh ;k=kk vkjaHk gksrh gS] tc vuqHko gksus vkjaHk gks tkrs gSaA bl voLFkk
esa la;e dks viukdj Kku dks miyC/ gks ldrs gSaA eks{k dks çkIr gks ldrs
gSaA ;gh ije miyfC/ gS] ysfdu bls ikus ds fy, lekf/ ds ekxZ ls gh
tkuk gksrk gS] blfy, vko';d gS fd Jo.k] euu] fufnè;klu vkSj lekf/
ds vFkZ dks Bhd ls le> fy;k tk,A bu pkj 'kCnksa ls bafxr oLrq] oLrq esa
fufgr vFkZ vkSj vFkZ dk lk{kkRdkj gksdj] vè;;u gksdj] vuqHko gks tk, rks
fiQj le>iw.kZ gksus dh var;kZ=kk vkjaHk gks tkrh gSA vki lhfer ls vlhfer
esa ços'k dj tkrs gSaA çÑfr vius nksuksa gkFk iQSykdj vkidk Lokxr djrh gSA
107
le; ls lekf/ rd
vkids iwoZ dk jgL;] vkids orZeku dh miyfC/ cu tkrh gSA vki uj ls

ukjk;.k cu tkrs gks] iq#"k ls iq#"kksÙke cu tkrs gSaA fiQj e`R;q ls ve`R;q dh
ikoure ;k=kk vkjaHk gks tkrh gSA pkSjklh yk• ;ksfu;ks ds ca/u ls eqfÙkQ çkIr
gks tkrh gSA bu pkj 'kCnksa dks Øekuqlkj esjs vuqlkj le>us ls reke Hkze
lekIr gks ldrs gSaA lekf/ dh ije voLFkk dks ikus ds pkj pj.k gSaA buesa
ls çR;sd pj.k esa iw.kZrk ikus ds ckn gh lekf/ dh voLFkk çkIr gksrh gSA
1- Jo.k 2- euu 3- fufnè;klu 4- lekf/
loZçFke Jo.k 'kCn dks ysrs gSaA Jo.k dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gS
lquuk] ysfdu ek=k lquus ls Jo.k ugha gksrk] Jo.k dk vFkZ gS fd dku ds
}kjk è;kuiwoZd lquuk ;kfu vkidh psruk dku ij dsafær gks tk,A dsoy lquk
tk,] lksp&fopkj fcYdqy Hkh u pys] og lquuk ugha gksrkA ;fn Jo.k ds
le; vkius lqus tk jgs ij fopkj djus dh dksf'k'k dh rks vkidk è;ku]
vkidh psruk] fopkj ij pyh tk,xh vkSj dku ls gV tk,xh] D;ksafd è;ku
,d gh LFkku ij fd;k tk ldrk gS] ,d lkFk nks txg ij è;ku ;k psruk
dks dsafær ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA vFkkZr tks dku }kjk lquk x;k og psruk
}kjk xzg.k dj fy;k tk, vkSj ;g Jo.k rHkh iwjk gksxk tc è;ku vkSj dku
,d lkFk gksaA tks dgk tk jgk gS mls Jo.k }kjk Lohdkj djuk ;k u djuk
vkidk vf/dkj gS] ysfdu lqurs le; Lohdkj ;k vLohdkj djuk] foospuk
djus yxuk gh Jo.k esa vojks/ gS] vHkh rks dsoy è;kuiwoZd lquk tk, clA
iwjk lquk x;k] fiQj Lohdkj djuk ;k u djuk] rdZ djuk mlds ckn dh ckr
gSA tks Hkh vki lqu jgs gks] mls udkjuk gh ugha] cfYd Lohdkj djrs pyuk
Hkh Jo.k ugha gSA D;ksafd gk¡ ;k uk dk fu.kZ; vki }kjk fy;k tk jgk gS] tksfd
lksp&fopkj ds ckn gh gksxk ;kfu fd vkidk è;ku Jo.k ls HkVd x;k gS vkSj
lgh ;k xyr djus yx x;k gSA vFkkZr Lohdkj ;k vLohdkj dh çfØ;k Jo.k
ds le; gksus yxs rks le> yhft, fd Jo.k Bhd ls ugha gks ik jgk gS vkSj
;fn Jo.k Bhd ls ugha gqvk rks mldk vxyk pj.k euu fcYdqy Hkh Bhd ls
ugha gks ldsxkA blfy, lcls igys loZJs"B Jkod cuuk gSA ;fn ge Bhd ls
iwjk&iwjk è;kuiwoZd lqu ugha ik,axs rks fiQj lksp&fopkj fdl fo"k; ij djsaxsA
;fn vkius Jo.k dk ;g igyk pj.k Bhd ls iwjk dj fy;k rc rks lekf/
rd igq¡puk cgqr gh ljy gSA
108
;g Hkh ns•us esa vk;k gS fd vusdksa ,sls egkiq#"k Hkh gq,

gSa] tks dsoy Jo.k djds] Jkod cudj iw.kZrk dks miyC/ gks x,] ckdh ds
rhu pj.kksa dh mUgsa vko';drk gh ugha iM+h] D;ksafd mUgksaus Jo.k gh bruh
xgjkbZ ds lkFk dj fy;k fd os è;kuLFk gksdj lh/s lekf/ esa ços'k dj x,A
blls ;g ckr le> esa vkrh gS fd ;g igyk pj.k fdruk vf/d egRoiw.kZ
gSA ;g Jo.k rHkh ?kfVr gksxk tc lqurs le; vkids vanj dksbZ nwljk fparu]
fpark] fp=k.k ;k dksbZ lksp&fopkj u py jgk gksA vkidk lkjk fpÙk ,dkxz
gksdj lquus esa iwjh rjg Mwc tk,A
nwljk 'kCn gS euuA ;g f}rh; pj.k gS] tks Hkh Jo.k fd;k x;k
gS] ml ij çkekf.kdrk ds vk/kj ij fujh{k.k] ijh{k.k] loZs{k.k ds vk/kj ij
euu djuk gSA tks dgk x;k gS] fcuk
tk¡ps gh eku ysuk va/fo'okl dh blfy, lcls igys loZJs"B
Js.kh esa vkrk gSA gekjs ½f"k&eqfu;ksa Jkod cuuk gSA ;fn ge Bhd
us Jo.k ds ckn fç;] fgr] ykHk ds ls iwjk&iwjk è;kuiwoZd lqu ugha
vk/kj ij fparu djus dks fcYdqy Hkh
ik,axs rks fiQj lksp&fopkj fdl
ugha dgk gS] D;ksafd fparu vkSj euu
esa cqfu;knh varj gSA fparu lnSo rdZ fo"k; ij djsaxsA ;fn vkius
ds vk/kj ij vkjaHk gksrk gS] tSlkfd Jo.k dk ;g igyk pj.k Bhd
oSKkfudx.k djrs gSa] ysfdu euu ls iwjk dj fy;k rc rks lekf/
lnSo gh Jo.k ds vk/kj ij gksrk gSA rd igqapuk cgqr gh ljy gSA
fparu udkjkRedrk ls vkjaHk gksrk gS
rks euu dk vkjaHk ldkjkRedrk ls gh
laHko gS] vU;Fkk euu gksxk gh ughaA fparu ls dyg gS] var}Za} gS] fojks/ gS] thrus
dh pkgr gS] fookn gSA bls ,sls le>sa tSls xqykc dk ,d ikS/k gS] rks fparu
dk¡Vksa ls vkjaHk gksxk vkSj euu iQwyksa ls 'kq: gksxkA euu dk vk/kj lgkuqHkwfr gS]
çse gS] fo'okl gS] ÑrKrk gSA euu dk vFkZ ;g dnkfi ugha gS fd vk¡• can
djds lqus x, dks Lohdkj dj fy;k tk,A ½f"k;ksa us dgk Hkh gS fd tks Jo.k
fd;k x;k] ml ij ;qfÙkQiwoZd fopkj djuk gh euu gSA blfy, Jo.k fd, x,
fo"k; ij euu gh djus dks dgk x;k gS] fparu djus dks ughaA
ihNs eSa xqykc ds ikS/s dh ppkZ dj jgk FkkA eSaus dgk fd
fparu dk¡Vksa ij è;ku nsxk vkSj euu iQwyksa ijA bldk ;g vFkZ Hkh dnkfi
109
le; ls lekf/ rd
ugha fd euu djus okyk dkaVksa ij è;ku gh ugha nsxkA cfYd euu djus okyk
igys iQwyksa dh lqxa/ ij è;ku nsxk] iQwy dh vkÑfr] iQwy dk f•yk gqvk
jax vkSj mldh ia•qfM+;ksa] mldh lqanjrk] mldh uSlfxZdrk] mldh mi;ksfxrk
ij è;ku nsxk vkSj ijekRek dk /U;okn djsxkA fiQj dk¡Vksa ls cpdj iQwy
dSls rksM+k tk,] bl ij fopkj djsxk vFkkZr og dk¡Vksa ij Hkh fopkj djsxk]
ysfdu ldkjkRedrk ds lkFkA
vc r`rh; pj.k ds 'kCn fufnè;klu ij ppkZ djrs gSaA Jo.k
vkSj euu ds }kjk vFkkZr 'kCn ls bafxr oLrq vkSj oLrq esa fufgr vFkZ esa fpÙk
dks LFkkfir djds] ,d:irk cukuk gh fufnè;klu gSA ;kfu fd ;g fu'p;
fuLlansg gks tkuk fd tks lquk x;k] euu fd;k] lgh ik;k vkSj gekjs vkpj.k
esa mrj tk,] ;gh fufnè;klu gSA
euu dk vFkZ ;g dnkfi ugha gS ;gh laxhr gSA laxhrc¼rk gh
fd vka• can djds lqus x, dks y;c¼rk gS] ,d:irk gSA geus tks
Lohdkj dj fy;k tk,A ½f"k;ksa lquk] Jo.k fd;k] ml ij fu"i{k
:i ls euu fd;k vFkkZr tks le>k
us dgk Hkh gS fd tks Jo.k
fd fcYdqy Bhd gS] mlds vuqlkj
fd;k x;k] ml ij ;qfÙkQiwoZd vius vkpj.k esa <y tk,] gekjs
fopkj djuk gh euu gSA blfy, thus esa vk tk, mls gh fufnè;klu
Jo.k fd, x, fo"k; ij euu dgk x;k gSA
gh djus dks dgk x;k gSA pkSFkk vkSj vafre
pj.k gS lekf/A lekf/ bu rhu
pj.kksa ds Bhd&Bhd :i ls ?kfVr gks tkus ds ckn dh voLFkk dk uke gSA
lekf/ ekuo thou dh cgq&çrhf{kr ?kVuk gS] ftlds fy, gh ge ckj&ckj
ekuo 'kjhj ikuk pkgrs gSaA ;g è;krk&è;ku&è;s; dk feyu gSA tgk¡ 'kCn ugha
gS] dsoy feyu gS] cw¡n vkSj lkxj dk feyu fcanq gSA tgk¡ vga czgkfLe vc
'kCn ugha] vuqHko cu x;k gSA lkjk txr esjk 'ks"k vkSj eSa leLr txr dk
vo'ks"k ek=k gw¡A ;g vuqHko gh lekf/ gSA bPNk] fopkj vkSj vk'kk dk 'kwU;
gksuk gh lekf/ gSA tks lekf/ ds }kj ij igq¡p tkrk gS] mls og fn• tkrk
gS] tks ns•k ugha tk ldrkA mlls feyu gks tkrk gS] ftlls feyu vlaHko
tSlk fn•rk FkkA tks vKs; Fkk] vc Ks; gks pqdk gSA lHkh jgL;ksa ds fu;e
110
•qy tkrs gSa] lHkh Hkzkafr;k¡ vkSj xzafFk;k¡ VwV tkrh gSaA dsoy è;s; gh 'ks"k cps
vkSj è;ku o è;krk •ks tk,¡] ;gh lekf/ dh ije voLFkk gSA
mnkgj.k ds fy, ,d cgqr gh I;kjk 'kCn gekjs ½f"k;ksa&eqfu;ksa
us fn;k ^rRoefl* vFkkZr rw Hkh ogh gSA bls è;s; dgk x;kA ;gh ikus dk]
le>us dk ç;kl gS] ;gh y{; gSA blds i'pkr fiQj eSa gw¡ vFkkZr è;krk gw¡A
tks è;s; dks ikus dh lksp jgk gS] è;s; ls feyu~s dks vkrqj gS] og è;krk
dgk x;kA
è;s; dks ikus dh vfHkyk"kk esa] è;krk dh pkjksa vksj dh nkSM+
can gksdj] mldh Lo;a dh psruk dh nkSM+ tc dsoy è;s; dh rjiQ cgus
yxrh gS rks ml nkSM+ dk uke è;ku
gSA gekjh psruk dh lkjh /kjk bdêòk lekf/ ekuo thou dh
gksdj è;s; dh vksj rhj dh Hkkafr
cgq&çrhf{kr ?kVuk gS] ftlds
cgus dk uke gh è;ku gSA
fy, gh ge ckj&ckj ekuo
mifu"kn dgrs 'kjhj ikuk pkgrs gSaA ;g
gSa fd tc è;ku leLr çk.kksa dks
è;krk&è;ku&è;s; dk feyu
myhp dj] è;s; esa iwjh rjg ls Mwc
tk, vkSj è;krk dh leLr ÅtkZ] gSA tgk¡ 'kCn ugha gS] dsoy
leLr psruk] bl è;ku dh fof/ feyu gS] c¡wn vkSj lkxj dk
esa ;k=kk djds è;s; ds lkFk ,d feyu fcanq gSA
gks tk, vkSj fdlh fo'ks"k {k.k esa
è;krk dks ;g irk u jgs fd eSa Hkh
gw¡] vFkkZr Lo;a Hkh •ks tk, vkSj ;g Hkh irk u jgs fd eSa è;ku dj jgk
gw¡] dsoy è;s; gh jg tk,A Lo;a vkSj è;ku vFkkZr è;ku vkSj è;krk Hkh •ks
tk, dsoy è;s; gh jg tk,] bls gh lekf/ dh voLFkk dgk x;k gSA è;krk]
è;ku vkSj è;s; esa rhuksa u jgsa] dsoy ,d gh jg tk,A bls lekf/ dh ije
voLFkk dgk x;k gSA
bl ij Hkh FkksM+h ppkZ djuk mfpr gksxk fd bu è;krk] è;ku
vkSj è;s; esa ls dkSu lk ,d jg tk,A bl ij fofHkUu lk/uk i¼fr;ksa esa
vyx&vyx ekU;rk,¡ gSa] ysfdu blls lekf/ dh voLFkk ij dksbZ iQdZ ugha
iM+rkA bu rhu esa ls ,d uke mifu"knksa esa pqu fy;k fd rhu esa ls ,d è;s;
111
le; ls lekf/ rd
cp tkrk gSA lka[; esa dgk gS fd bu rhu esa ls è;krk vkSj è;s; •ks tkrs
gSa] dsoy è;ku gh cprk gSA egkohj vkfn dgrs gSa fd fliQZ è;krk cprk gS
vkSj è;ku o è;s; •ks tkrs gSaA
uke lHkh Ñf=ke gSa] cukoVh gSa] blls dksbZ varj ugha iM+rkA
dsoy bruk le> ysa fd tc rd ;g rhuksa gh gSa rks fufnè;klu gS vkSj tc
lk/uk ds fdUgha fo'ks"k {k.kksa esa è;ku] è;krk vkSj è;s; esa ls dsoy ,d gh
cps ogh voLFkk lekf/ dh voLFkk gSA
bls vkSj csgrj rjhds ls le>us dk ç;kl djsaA gekjs
½f"k&eqfu;ksa us f=kewfrZ cukbZ] czãk] fo".kq] egs'kA ;g ,d gh O;fÙkQ ds rhu
psgjs gSa vFkkZr rqjh; ds psgjs] rqjh; vFkkZr pkSFkkA vc ;g pkSFkk ;kfu rqjh;
dgha ls Hkh bl f=keqfrZ esa ços'k djs rks Hkhrj tkdj ;g rhuksa psgjs foyhu
gks tkus r; gSaA tks O;fÙkQ f=keqfrZ ds ftl psgjs ls vanj ços'k djsxk mlh dks
ilan djsxk vkSj ogh uke nsxkA dksbZ dgsxk czãk] dksbZ fo".kq] dksbZ egs'kA
tcfd vanj tkdj rhuksa psgjs xk;c gSaA Hkhrj vc ,d gh gS vkSj og rqjh;
vFkkZr pkSFkkA ;g f=keqfrZ dsoy f=keqfrZ ugha gS] ;g gekjh dBksj lk/uk dk
çek.k Lo:i gSA ;g f=kxq.kkRed lÙkk dk çrhd gS] gekjh ije lk/uk dh
fu"ifÙk gSA
lekf/ dh eafty ij igq¡pdj bu rhuksa è;krk] è;ku] è;s;
esa ls vuar dh xgjkb;ksa esa dsoy ,d gh fufoZdYi gksdj Nyk¡x yxkrk gSA
tks Nykax yxk tkrk gS] mlh dk uke fy• tkrk gSA lquus dks Jo.k cukb;s]
lkspus dks euu cukb;s] fiQj fujh{k.k] ijh{k.k vkSj loZs{k.k ds vk/kj ij vius
vf/dkj ij tkapsa] vkpj.k esa mrjus nsa] laLdkj cuus nsaA y;c¼] laxhrc¼
gksus nsa] ;gh fufnè;klu gS] lekf/ dh rS;kjh gSA bu rhu è;krk] è;ku vkSj
è;s; esa ls ,d cpus dh ikou ?kVuk dk uke gh lekf/ gSA
gfjgj
112

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nh{kk ;k=kk

lkWfofuj ifCy'klZ ¼izk- fy-½

izFke laLdj.k % 2021

© yo dq’k vkJe] djkSyh /kke] xzke djkSyh dkuiqj & 21

igys vuqHko dhft,] fiQj fo'okl dhft,A ;g ikjaifjd

ogha czãyhu lar Jh vxzgkj ukxjkt th }kjk çfrikfnr

jksx&chekfj;ksa ls rRdky jkgr feyrh fn•rh gS] leL;kvksa

vkids fo'okl trkus ds iQyLo:i njckj vkidh lHkh

x.ks'k th dh tks dFkk gS fd czãkaM ds lkr pDdj yxkdj

bl dsaæ ij è;ku djus ls vkKk pØ l/us yxrk gS] è;ku

okLro esa gkFkh ckgqcy dk çrhdkRed :i gSA Jh x.ks'k

fdlh Hkh ÅtkZ dk

vki Jh x.ks'k th dh lwaM ls ladYiiwoZd cy yxkdj tSls

;gka esjk vk'k; vf/d iqLrdsa gksus ds vk/kj ij lukru

çkphu dky esa ½f"k&eqfu;ksa us yacs&xgjs 'kks/&vuqla/ku ds

ifj.kkeLo:i vkt fLFkfr ;g gS fd nh{kk] è;ku] /kj.kk]

çkphu fo|kvksa vkSj fo/kvksa ds lkFk blls Hkh cqjk crkZo

blh mís'; ds fy, eSa vius vf/dkj ij ;g mn~?kks"k.kk

fl¼ ik;k x;k gSA rRi'pkr gh bu fo"k;ksa o fof/;ksa dk çdk'ku fd;k

MkW ,l ,l HknkSfj;k (xq# th)

lksfp,] ftuds uke ls fo'o dk igyk iwoZt eqfÙkQ/ke

dkuiqj dh ujoy rglhy esa xk¡o gS ikYgsiqjA ogk¡ ds

blh çfØ;k vkSj cnyko esa jk/kje.k th dh 'kjhj vk;q 20

blh ryk'k esa vklke çns'k ds dke: dke[;k eafnj igqapsA

ftUgsa xq# cukus x, Fks] os f'k"; cu x,

Lokeh th us dgk fd eSa rqEgsa feyw¡xk ysfdu vHkh rqe okil

Jh feJ th] ;gh lksprs gq, dkuiqj igq¡psA fiQj xksih ds

bl ?kVuk ds dkiQh fnuksa ckn feJ th nksckjk dksVk x,]

dky rs •k, yfxgSa

;g nwljh ?kVuk gSA MkW larks"k HknkSfj;k dSls Jh jk/kje.k feJ

vxys fnu nqxkZ uoeh FkhA HknkSfj;k th ds ,d fe=k gj o"kZ

HknkSfj;k th crkrs gSa fd og dksj xys ls uhps tkrs gh >Vdk

,sls O;fÙkQ;ksa dks ns•dj muds cgqr lkjs fpj&ifjfprksa dks

gS] lc dqN fu;e ls gh gksrk gSA vkSj eq[; ckr ;g gS fd ;g fliQZ bl

djuk&nsuk vPNk yxrk FkkA tc ukS&nl o"kZ dh vk;q jgh gksxh] rc ,d

lsokHkkoh Fks] ;qokoLFkk esa Nk=k jktuhfr djus yxsA fuMj

f'kolsuk ds eap ls mUgksaus vkjaHk esa eqacbZ dh f'kolsuk

HknkSfj;k th dh vè;kRe esa rks #fp Fkh] lk/q&larksa dk lax

Jh HknkSfj;k th us muls vkxzg fd;k fd os mUgsa vkè;kfRed

HknkSfj;k th mudh lekf/ ij fuf;fer :i ls ueu djus

pwafd ukxjkt th dk okaxe; bruk vPNk Fkk] blfy,

ij igqaprs gh muds vareZu ls ,d fnO; 'kfÙkQ dk lans'k vk;k fd gekjk

vxys fnu lqcg dks dkuiqj 'kgj fLFkr vkokl ij HknkSfj;k

fiQj ,d fnu HknkSfj;k th muls feyus vejdaVd vkJe

tc Jh ukxjkt th] djkSyh /ke vkJe esa vk, Fks] ml

bl nkSjku ,d xgjh vuqHkwfr ra=k&O;oLFkk dks le>us dh ;k=kk

;g Hkh mYys•uh; gS fd nh{kk ds ckn ls bl yacs varjky

dk fo'okl vkSj c<+ x;kA

blds ckn ,d fnu jkf=k esa fnO; funZs'k feyk fd rS;kj

vkSj djkSyh /ke dk ukedj.k

blds i'pkr iwtuh; ckck th ds lkFk djhc nl feuV

dksbZ tkurk gks ;k u tkurk gks] ysfdu fujarj lq• ikuk

le>us dh ckr dsoy bruh lh gS fd ;fn çÑfr vkids

ewy eqík bruk lk gh gS fd O;fÙkQ Lo;a gh tkxus dk]

vfHkHkkodksa dks ns•us ls gh irk py tkrk gS fd os blh

bl NksVh lh iqLrd esa dsoy bruh lh lwpuk nh xbZ gS fd

mijksÙkQ fn, x, mnkgj.kksa ;k rF;ksa esa dgha Hkh /eZ ;k

lek/ku •ksft,] leL;k,¡ ugha