International Sanitary Convention. Message From The President of The United States

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I i
62n Congress, CONFIDENTIAL. Executive

3d Session. C.
, INTERNATIONAL SANITARY CONVENTION.
MESSAGE
FROM THE
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES,

TRANSMITTING
A CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER

POWERS, SIGNED AT PARIS ON JANUARY 17, 1913. MODIFYING
THE INTERNATIONAL SANITARY CONVENTION OF DECEMBER
3, 1903.
February 18, 1913.—Read; convention i-ead tlie first time and inferred to the
Committee on Foreign Relations, and, together with the message and accom-
panying papers, ordered to be printed in confidence for the nse of the Senate.
February 19, 1913.—Ratified.
February 26, 1913.—Made public.
In Executive Session,
Senate
of the United States,
February 19, 1913.
Resolved (two-thirds of the Senators present concurring therein),
That the Senate advise and consent to the ratification of a conven-
tion between the United States and other powers, signed at Paris on
January 17. 1913, modifying the international sanitary convention
of December 3, 1903: Provided, That the Senate advise and consent
to the ratification of said convention with the understanding to be
expressed as a part of the instrument of ratification that nothing
contained in article 9 thereof shall be deemed to prevent the United
States from carrying out any special quarantine measures against
the infection of its ports which might be demanded by unusual sani-
tarv conditions.
To the Senate:
I transmit herewith, with a view to receiving the advice and con-
sent of the Senate to its ratification, a convention between the United
States and other powers, signed at Paris on January 17, 1913,
modifying the international sanitary convention of December 3, 1903.
The attention of the Senate is invited to the recommendation made
by the Secretary of the Treasury and shared in bv the Secretary of
State that in giving its advice and consent to the ratification of the
convention the Senate will do so with the reservation that nothing “
contained in article 9 thereof .shall be understood or construed as

preventing the United States from carrying out any special quaran-
tine measures against the infection of its ports which might be
demanded by unusual sanitary conditions.”
Wm. H. Taft.
The White House, February 17, 1913.
2 INTERNATIONAL SANITARY CONVENTION.
The President:
I have the honor to submit herewith, with a view to its transmis-
sion to the Senate to receive the advice and consent of that body to
its ratification, a convention between the United States and other
powers, signed at Paris on January 17, 1912, modifying the inter-
national sanitary convention signed on December 3, 1903.
I have also the honor to inclose, for the information of the Senate,
correspondence between the Department of State and the Treasury
Department, showing the wish of the Treasury Department, in which
I share, that the Senate, in giving its advice and consent to the ratifi-
cation of the convention, will do so with the reservation that noth-
“
ing contained in article 9 thereof shall be understood or construed

as preventing the United States from carrying out any special quar-
antine measures against the infection of its ports which might be
demanded by unusual sanitary conditions.”
Respectfully submitted.
P. C. Knox.
Department of State,
February 14, 1913.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Washington. January 17,1913.
The Secretary of State,
Washington.
Sir: I have the honor to refer to your letter of May 27, 1912,
inclosing a copy of the French text of the convention signed at Paris
on January 17, 1912, modifying the international sanitary convention
of December 3, 1903.
This convention has been carefully examined by the Bureau of
Public Health Service, under this department, with a view of rec-
ommending the submission of the convention to receive the advice
and consent of the United States Senate to its ratification. The
translation forwarded with your letter lias also been carefully read
and compared with the copy of the text in French, but the following
comments are made solely upon the text of the translation of the
convention.
The department is advised by the Bureau of Public Health Service
that, with the exception of two general conditions, this convention
is recommended for ratification by the United States Senate. These
two general conditions relate to article 9, the objection to which is
the uncertain phraseology of the second paragraph thereof, with
especial reference to the words “that the measures against rats have
been executed, and, in case of yellow fever, that the precautions
against mosquitoes have been taken.”
It is assumed that the “measures” and “precautions” referred to
in the above could extend over variable lengths of time, according to
the conditions existing in ports to which the paragraph might be-
come at any time applicable. It is a fact so well understood by sani-
tary science that rodent infection may exist for a long time after
the disappearance of cases of human plague, and also that infected
yellow-fever mosquitoes may abound in the absence of actual cases
of yellow fever, that the department has been forced, in order to
international sanitary convention. 3
protect the United States from the infection of plague and yellow
fever, to make provisions in its quarantine regulations which have
been lately challenged as a violation of the Paris convention.
The department is convinced that two or more important ports
received the infection of plague during the past summer from cer-
tain other ports in which rodent infection probably existed and was
not recognized by the local sanitary authorities. To meet such a
situation there should be specific provisions in the treaty for the
carrying out, on the part of an individual government, of any special
quarantine measures against the infection of its ports which might be
demanded by unusual sanitary conditions.
The department has assumed that paragraph 2 of article 9 con-
tains the necessary breadth of signification to admit of the appli-
cation of its special regulations without violating the treaty, and if
it could be decided that the necessary latitude is intended by the
phraseology of paragraph 2 of article 9 there would be no occa-
sion for hesitation in subscribing to the treaty as a whole.
However, on account of the fact that one of the nations signatory
to this convention has lately taken the position that certain regula-
tions promulgated by this department are in violation of article 9,
it appears necessary that the said article 9, especially the second para-
graph thereof, be reviewed, in order that its meaning may be defined
for the purposes under consideration. In other words, if any one of
the nations interested is to be placed in the position of violating the
treaty by the carrying out of special measures against the introduc-
tion of infected rats or mosquitoes from infected or suspected
“ ” “ ”
foreign ports, it would appear that such nation would cause the least
amount of embarrassment in the long run by withdrawing as a sig-
natory until the treaty was interpreted or modified, so that its terms
could be consistently complied with.
Accordingly, the department recommends that the advice and con-
sent of the United States to the ratification of the treaty be post-
poned until the objection above referred to is adjusted.
Respectfully,
J. F. Curtis, Acting Secretary.
Department of State,
Washington, Januarg 27,1913.
The Secretary of the Treasury.
Sir : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of
the 1Tth instant, by which this department is advised of the result
of the examination given by the Bureau of Public Health Service to
the international sanitary convention signed at Paris on January 17,
1912, modifying the international sanitary convention of December 3,
1903.
It appears that the Bureau of Public Health Service raises objec-
tion to genera] conditions in article 9 of the convention, viz, the un-
certain phraseology of the second paragraph of the said article, with
especial reference to the words “that the measures against rats have
been executed, and, in case of yellow fever, that the precautions
against mosquitoes have been taken.”
These provisions, on account of the fact that one of the nations
signatory to this convention has lately taken the position that certain
regulations promulgated bv your department are in violation of

article 9, the Bureau of Public Health Service think should be clearly
defined before the convention is ratified on the part of the United
States, and accordingly your department recommends “that the ad-
vice and consent of the United States to the ratification of the treaty
be postponed until the objection above referred to is adjusted.”
In reply I beg to inquire whether the objection of your department
to the submission of the treaty to the Senate might not be overcome
by recommending to the Senate that in giving its advice and con-
sent to the ratification of the convention it do so with the reservation
that nothing contained in article 9 thereof shall be understood or
construed as preventing the United States from carrying out any
special quarantine measures against the infection of its ports which
might be demanded by unusual sanitary conditions. I have the honor
to be, sir,
Your obedient servant, P. C. Knox.
Treasury Department,
Washington, February 5, 1013.
The Secretary of State,
Washington.
Sir: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of
January 27, which refers to a letter from this department, dated Jan-
uary 17, advising you of the result of the examination made by the
Bureau of Public Health Service of the international sanitary con-
vention signed at Paris on January 17, 1012, which modified the inter-
national sanitary convention of December 3, 1003.
In reply to your inquire as to whether the objection of this depart-
ment to the submission of the treaty to the Senate might not be over-
come by recommending to the Senate that in giving its advice and
consent to the ratification of the convention it do so with the reserva-
tion that nothing contained in article 9 thereof shall be understood
or construed as preventing the United States from carrying out any
special quarantine measures against the infection of its ports which
might be demanded by unusual sanitary conditions, you are informed
that the department believes that the ratification by the Senate of
the convention, with the reservation above outlined, would produce
the desired result.
Respectfully, Franklin MacVeagh,
Secretary.
[Translation.]
II is Majesty the Emperor of Germany, King of Prussia, in the

name of the German Empire; the President of the United States of
America; the President of the Argentine Republic; His Majesty the
Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, etc., etc., and Apostolical
King of Hungary; His Majesty the King of the Belgians; the Presi-
dent of the Republic of Bolivia; the President of the Republic of the
United States of Brazil; His Majesty the King of the Bulgarians;
the President of the Republic of Chile; the President of the Republic
of Colombia; the President of the Republic of Costa Rica; the Presi-
dent of the Republic of Cuba; His Majesty the King of Denmark;
the President of the Republic of Ecuador; His Majesty the King of
INTERNATIONAL SANITARY CONVENTION. 5
Spain; the President of the French Republic; His Majesty the King
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the British
Territories beyond the Seas, Emperor of India; His Majesty the
King of the Hellenes; the President of the Republic of Guatemala;
the President of the Republic of Haiti; the President of the Republic
of Honduras; His Majesty the King of Italy; His Royal Highness
the Grand Duke of Luxemburg; the President of the United Mexican
States; II is Majesty the King of Montenegro; His Majesty the King
of Norway; the President of the Republic of Panama; Her Majesty
the Queen of the Netherlands; His Majesty the Shah of Persia; the
President of the Portuguese Republic; His Majesty the King of
Rumania; His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias; the President
of the Republic of Salvador: His Majesty the King of Servia; His
Majesty the King of Siam; His Majesty the King of Sweden: the
Swiss Federal Council: His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans;
His Highness the Khedive of Egypt, acting within the limits of the
powers conferred upon him by the Imperial firmans, and the Presi-
dent of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,
Having decided to make such modifications in the provisions of
the Sanitary Convention signed at Paris on December 3, 11)03, as
are warranted by the new data of prophylactic science and experience,
to enact new international regulations in regard to yellow fever, and
to extend as far as possible the field of application of the principles
underlying the international sanitary regulations, have appointed
as their Plenipotentiaries, to wit:
llis Majesty the Emperor of Germany. King of Prussia,
Baron von Stein, Superior Privy Government Counselor, Report-
ing Counselor in the Imperial Office of the Interior, member of the
Board of Health of the Empire;
Professor Gaffky, Superior Privy Medical Councilor, Director of
the Royal Institute for Infectious Diseases at Berlin, member of the
Board of Health of the Empire:
The President of the United States of America,
Mr. A. Bailly-Blanchard, Minister Plenipotentiary, Counselor of
the Embassy of the United States of America at Paris;
The President of the Argentine Republic,
Dr. Francisco de Veyga, Inspector General of the Medical Services
of the Argentine Army, Professor in the Faculty of Medicine and
member of the National Board of Hygiene:
Dr. Ezequiel Castilla, member of the Committee of the Interna-
tional Office of Public Hvgiene;
II is Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Bohemia, etc., etc.,
and Apostolical King of Hungary,
Baron Maximilian von Gagern, Grand Cross of the Imperial Aus-
trian Order of Francis Joseph, His Envoy Extraordinary and Min-
ister Plenipotentiary to the Swiss Confederation;
Knight Francis von Haberler, Doctor of Law and Medicine, Min-
isterial Counselor in the Imperial-Royal Austrian Ministry of the
Interior;
Mr. Etienne Worms. Doctor of Law, Knight of the Imperial Aus-
trian Order of Joseph, Section Counselor in the Imperial
Royal Austrian Ministry of Commerce;
Mr. Jules Boles de Nagvbudafa. Counselor in the Royal Hun-
garian Ministry of the Interior;
Baron Caiman von Muller, Doctor of Medicine, Ministerial Coun-

selor, Professor in the Royal Hungarian University of Budapest,
President of the Board of Health of the Kingdom, member of the
Hungarian Chamber of Magnates;
ITis Majesty the King of the Belgians,
Mr. O. Velghe, Director General of the Sanitary and Hygienic
Service in the Ministry of the Interior, Secretary Member of the
Superior Board of Hygiene, Officer of the Order of Leopold;
Mr. E. van Ermengem, Professor in the University of Ghent, mem-
ber of the Superior Board of Hygiene, Commander of the Order of
Leopold;
The President of the Republic of Bolivia,
Mr. Ismael Montes, His Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pleni-
potentiary to the President of the French Republic;
Dr. Chervin, Knight of the National Order of the Legion of
Honor;
The President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil,
Dr. Henrique de Figueiredo Vasconcellos, Chief of Service in the
Oswaldo Cruz Institute at Rio de Janeiro;
His Majesty the King of the Bulgarians,
Mr. Dimitrius Standoff, His Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the President of the French Republic;
Dr. Chichkoff, Medical Captain in the Bulgarian Army;
The President of the Republic of Chile,
Mr. Federico Puga Borne, Ilis Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
The President of the Republic of Colombia,
Dr. Juan E. Manrique, Minister Plenipotentiary;
The President of the Republic of Costa Rica,
Dr. Alberto Alvarez Canas, Consul General of the Republic of
Costa Rica at Paris;
The President of the Republic of Costa Rica,
General Tomas Collazo y Tejada, his Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the President of the French Republic;
His Majesty the King of Denmark,
Count de Reventlow, Grand Cross of the Order of Danebrog, his
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Presi-
dent of the French Republic;
The President of the Republic of Ecuador,
Mr. Victor M. Rendon, his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Mr. E. Dorn y de Alsua, First Secretary of the Legation of the Re-
public of Ecuador at Paris;
His Majesty the King of Spain,
Mr. Francisco de Reynoso, Minister Resident, Counselor of the
Royal Embassy of Spain at Paris;
Dr. Angel Pulido Fernandez, Sanitary Counselor, former Director
General of Health, Life Senator of the Kingdom;
The President of the French Republic,
Mr. Camille Barrere, Ambassador of the French Republic to II. M.
the King of Italy, Grand Cross of the National Order of the Legion
of Honor;
Mr. Fernand Gavarry, Minister Plenipotentiary of the first class,
Director of Administrative and Technical Affairs in the Ministry of
INTERNATIONAL SANITARY CONVENTION.
Foreign Affairs. Officer of the National Order of the Legion of

Honor;
Dr. Emile Roux, President of the Superior Board of Public Hy-
giene of France, Director of the Pasteur Institute, Commander of the
National Order of the Legion of Honor;
Mr. Louis Mirman, Director of Public Assistance and Hygiene in
the Ministry of the Interior;
Dr. A. Calmette, Director of the Pasteur Institute of Lille, Officer
of the National Order of the Legion of Honor;
Mr. Ernest Ronssin, Consul General of France in India, Officer of
the National Order of the Legion of Honor;
Mr. Georges Harismendy, Consul General, Assistant Chief of the
Bureau of International Unions and Consular Affairs in the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs, Knight of the National Order of the Legion of
Honor;
Mr. Paul Roux, Assistant Chief in the Ministry of the Interior,
Knight of the National Order of the Legion of Honor;
II is Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland and of the British Territories beyond the seas, Emperor
of India,
The Honorable Lancelot Douglas Carnegie, Minister Plenipoten-
tiary, Counselor of the Royal British Embassy at Paris, member of
the Royal Order of Victoria;
Dr. Ralph William Johnstone, Medical Inspector of the Local
Government Board;
Surgeon General Sir Benjamin Franklin, former Director General
of the Indian Medical Service and former Head of the Health
Service for British India, Knight Commander of the Order of the
Empire of India, Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John of
Jerusalem;
His Majesty the King of the Hellenes,
Mr. Demetrius Caclamanos, First Secretary of the Royal Legation
of Greece at Paris;
The President of the Republic of Guatemala,
Mr. Jose Maria Lardizabal, Charge d’Affiaires of the Republic of
Guatemala at Paris;
The President of the Republic of Haiti,
Dr. August Casseus;
The President of the Republic of Honduras,
Mr. Desire Pector, Consul General of the Republic of Honduras
at Paris, member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration of The
Hague;
His Majesty the King of Italy,
Commander Rocco Santoliquido, Deputy Doctor of Medicine,
Director General of Public Health of the Kingdom;
Dr. Adolfo Cotta, Chief of Division in the Royal Ministry of the
Interior;
11 is Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxemburg,
Mr. E. L. Bastin, Consul of Luxemburg at Paris;
Dr. Praum, Director of the Practical Laboratory of Bacteriology
at Luxemburg;
The President of the United Mexican States.
Dr. Miguel Zuniga v Azcarate;
His Majesty the King of Montenegro,
Mr. Louis Brunet, Consul General of Montenegro at Paris;

Dr. Edouard Binet, Chief Surgeon of the Hospital of the Eight
Score;
Ilis Majesty the King of Norway,
Mr. Frederick, Hartvig, Herman Wedel Jarlsberg, His Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the President of the
French Republic;
The President of the Republic of Panama,
Mr. Juan Antonio Jimenez, Charge a’Affaires of the Republic of
Panama at Paris;
Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands,
Dr. W. P. Ruysch, Inspector General of the Sanitary Service of
South Holland and Zealand;
Dr. C. Winkler, retired Medical Inspector of the Civil Health
Service for Java and Madoura;
His Majesty the Shah of Persia,
Samad Khan Momtazos Saltaneh, His Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the President of the Rrencli Republic;
The President of the Portuguese Republic,
Dr. Antonio Augusto Gonsalves Braga, Sanitary Maritime Physi-
cian at Lisbon;
His Majesty the King of Rumania,
Mr. Alexander Em. Lahovary, His Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the President of the French Republic;
His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias,
Mr. Platon de Waxel, Privy Councilor, permanent member of the
Council of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and of the Board of Pub-
lic Hygiene in the Imperial Ministry of the Interior;
Dr. Freyberg, Actual Counselor of State, Official of the Imperial
Ministry of the Interior, Representative of the Commission created
by Supreme Order against the propagation of the plague;
The President of the Republic of Salvador,
Dr. S. Letona, Consul General of the Republic of Salvador at
Paris;
His Majesty the King of Servia,
Dr. Milenko Vesnitch, His Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
His Majesty the King of Siam,
Dr. A. Manaud, Sanitary Counselor of the Royal Government;
His Majesty the King of Sweden,
Count Gyldenstolpe, His Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
The Swiss Federal Council,
Mr. Charles Edouard Lardy, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary of the Swiss Confederation to the President of the
French Republic;
His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans,
Missak Effendi, Minister Plenipotentiary;
His Highness the Khedive of Egypt,
Youssouf Pacha Saddik, Representative of the Ivhedival Govern-
ment before the Sublime Porte;
And the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,
Dr. Louis Piera, His Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pleni-
♦
potentiary to the President of the French Republic,

INTERNATIONAL sanitary convention. 9
Who, having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due
form, have agreed to the following provisions:
Title I. General Provisions.
Chapter I. Rules to be observed by the eountries signing the Con-

vention as soon as plague, cholera, or yellow fever appears in their
territory.
SECTION I. NOTIFICATION AND SUBSEQUENT COMMUNICATIONS TO THE
•
OTHER COUNTRIES. _
Art. 1. Each Government shall immediately notify the other Gov-

ernments of the first authentic case of plague, cholera, or yellow fever
discovered in its territory.
Likewise, the first authentic case of cholera, plague, or yellow fever
occurring outside the districts already stricken shall constitute the
object of an immediate notification to the other Governments.
Art. 2. Every notification as provided for in article 1 shall he ac-
companied or very promptly followed by particulars regarding:
1. The neighborhood in which the disease has appeared;
2. The date of its appearance, its origin, and its form:
3. The number of established cases and the number of deaths;
4. The extent of the area or areas affected;
v 5. In the case of plague, the existence of plague or of an unusual
mortality among rats;
6. In the case of yellow fever, the existence of Stegomya calopus;
7. The measures immediately taken.
Art. 3. The notification and the information contemplated in arti-
cles 1 and 2 are to be addressed to the diplomatic or consular agencies
in the capital of the contaminated country.
In the case of countries not represented there, they shall he trans-
mitted directly by telegraph to the Governments of these countries.
Art. 4. The notification and the information contemplated in arti-
cles 1 and 2 shall be followed by subsequent communications sent
regularly, so as to keep the Governments informed as to the progress
of the epidemic.
These communications, which shall he sent at least once a week
and which shall be as complete as possible, shall state more particu-
larly the precautions taken with a view to preventing-the spread of
the disease.
They shall specify: 1) The prophylactic measures applied in re-
gard to sanitary or medical inspection, isolation, and disinfection;
2) the measures enforced upon the departure of ships in order to
prevent the exportation of the disease and especially, in the cases
contemplated under Nos. 5 and 0 of article 2 above, the measures
taken respectively against rats and mosquitos.
Art. 5. The prompt and faithful execution of the foregoing pro-
visions is of prime importance.
The notifications are of no real value unless each Government is
itself opportunely informed of cases of plague, cholera, and yellow
fever and of doubtful cases occurring in its territory. It can not
therefore be too strongly recommended to the various Governments

that they make compulsory the announcement of cases of plague,
cholera, and yellow fever and that they keep themselves informed of
any unusual mortality among rats, especially in ports.
Art. 6. It is desirable that neighboring countries make special
arrangements with a view to organizing a direct information service
among the competent heads of departments in matters concerning
continguous territories or those which have close commercial
relations.
SECTION II. CONDITIONS WHICH WARRANT CONSIDERING A TERRITORIAL
AREA AS BEING CONTAMINATED OR AS HAVING BECOME HEALTHY AGAIN.
Art. 7. The notification of a single case of plague, cholera, or yel-

low fever shall not involve the application, against the territorial
area in which it has occurred, of the measures prescribed in Chapter
II hereinbelow.
However, when several unimported cases of plague or yellow fever
have appeared or when the cholera cases become localized, 1 the area
may be considered contaminated.
Art. 8. In order to confine the measures to the stricken regions
only, the Governments shall apply them only to arrivals from the
contaminated areas.
By the word area is meant a portion of territory definitely speci-
fied in the particulars which accompany or follow the notification;
for instance, a province, a government, a district, a department, a
canton, an island, a commune, a city, a quarter of a city, a village,
a port, a polder, a hamlet, etc., whatever be the area and population
of these portions of territory.
However, this restriction to the contaminated area shall only be
accepted upon the formal condition that the Government of the con-
taminated country take the necessary measures: 1) To combat the
spread of the epidemic and 2), if it is a question of cholera, to pre-
vent, unless previously disinfected, the exportation of the things
mentioned under Nos. 1 and 2 of article 18 and coming from the con-
taminated area.
When an area is contaminated, no restrictive measures shall be
taken against arrivals from such area if such arrivals* have left it at
least five days before the beginning of the epidemic.
/Art. 9. In order that an area may be considered as being no longer
'contaminated it must be officially stated:
1. That there has neither been a death nor a new case, as regards
the plague or cholera for five days, and as regards the yellow fever
for eighteen days, either since the isolation or since the death or
cure of the last patient ;
2. That all measures for disinfection have been applied; besides,
if it is a case of plague, that the measures against rats have been
executed, and. in case of yellow fever, that the precautions against
mosquitos have been taken.
1 There is localization when the appearance of cases of cholera beyond the immediate
environments of the first case or cases proves that the spread of the disease has not been
checked where it appeared first.
SECTION III. MEASURES IN CONTAMINATED PORTS UPON THE DEPARTURE
OF VESSELS.
Art. 10. The competent authority shall be obliged to take effective

measures:
1. To prevent the embarcation of persons showing symptoms of
plague, cholera, or yellow fever;
2. In case of plague or cholera, to prevent the exportation of
merchandise or any articles which he may consider contaminated
and which have not been previously disinfected on land, under the
supervision of the physician delegated by the public authority;
3. In case of plague, to prevent the embarcation of rats;
4. In case of cholera, to see that the drinking water taken on board
is wholesome;
5. In case of yellow fever, to prevent mosquitos from coming on
board.
Cii after If. Measures of Defense against Contaminated Territories
SECTION I. PUBLICATION OF THE PRESCRIBED MEASURES.
Art. 11. The Government of each country shall be obliged to im-

mediately publish the measures which it believes necessary to pre-
scribe with regard to arrivals from a contaminated country or ter-
ritorial area.
It shall at once communicate this publication to the diplomatic
or consular officer of the contaminated country residing in its cap-
ital, as well as to the international boards of nealth.
It shall likewise be obliged to make known, through the same chan-
nels, the revocation of these measures or any modifications which
may be made therein.
In default of a diplomatic or consular office in the capital, the
communications shall be made directly to the Government of the
country concerned.
SECTION II. MERCHANDISE.—DISENFECTION.—IMPORTATION AND
TRANSIT. BAGGAGE.
Art. 12. No merchandise is capable by itself of transmitting

plague, cholera, or yellow fever. It only becomes dangerous when
contaminated by plague or cholera products.
Art. 13. Disinfection shall be applied only in case of plague or
cholera and only to merchandise and articles which the local health
authority considers contaminated.
However, in case of plague or cholera, the merchandise and articles
enumerated below may be subjected to disinfection or even prohib-
ited entry, independently of any proof that they are or are not con-
taminated :
1. Body linen, clothing worn (wearing apparel), and bedding
which has been used.
When these articles are being transported as baggage or as a
result of a change of residence (household goods), they shall not be
prohibited and are subject to the provisions of article 20.
Packages left by soldiers and sailors and returned to their coun-

try after death are treated the same as the articles comprised in the
first paragraph of No. 1.
2. Rags (including those for making paper), with the exception,
as to cholera, of compressed rags transported as wholesale mer-
chandise in hooped bales.
Fresh waste coming directly from spinning mills, weaving mills,
manufactories, or bleacheries; artificial wools (shoddy), and fresh
paper trimmings shall not be forbidden.
Art. 14. The transit of the merchandise and articles specified under
Nos. 1 and 2 of the preceding article shall not be prohibited if they
are so packed that they can not be manipulated en route.
Likewise, when the merchandise or articles are transported in such
a manner that it is impossible for them to have been in contact with
contaminated articles en route, their transit across an infected ter-
ritorial area shall not constitute an obstacle to their entry into the
country of destination.
Article 15. The merchandise and articles specified under Nos. 1
and 2 of article 13 shall not be subject to the application of the
measures prohibiting entry if it is proven to the authorities of the
country that they were shipped at least five days before the begin-
ning of the epidemic.
Article. 16. The mode and place of disinfection, as well as the
methods to be employed for the destruction of rats, insects, and
mosquitos, shall be determined by the authorities of the country of
destination. These operations should be performed in such a man-
ner as to cause the least possible injury to the articles. Clothing,
old rags, infected materials for dressing wounds, papers, and other
articles of little value may be destroyed by fire.
It shall devolve upon each Nation to determine the question as to
the possible payment of damages as a result of the disinfection and
destruction of the articles mentioned above and of the destruction
of rats, insects, and mosquitos.
If, on the occasion of the taking of measures for the destruction
of rats, insects, and mosquitos on board vessels, the health authorities
should levy a tax either directly or through a society or private
individual, the rate of such tax must be fixed by a tariff published
in advance and so calculated that no profit shall be derived by the
Nation or the Health Department from its application as a whole.
Art. IT. Letters and correspondence, printed matter, books, news-
papers, business papers, etc. (postal parcels not included) shall not
lie subjected to any restriction or disinfection.
In case of yellow fever, postal parcels shall not be subjected to any
restriction or disinfection.
Art. 18. Merchandise, arriving by land or sea, shall not be de-
tained at frontiers or in ports.
The only measures which it is permissible to prescribe in regard
to them are specified in articles 13 and 16 above.
However, if merchandise arriving by sea in bulk or in defective
bails has been contaminated during the passage by rats known to be
stricken with plague, and if it can not be disinfected, the destruc-
tion of the germs may be insured by storing it in a warehouse for
a maximum period of two weeks.
It is understood that the application of this last measure shall
not entail any delay upon the vessel or any extra expense as a result
of the lack of warehouses in the ports.
Art. 19. When merchandise has been disinfected by applying the
provisions of article 13, or temporarily warehoused in accordance
with the third paragraph of article 18. the owner or his representa-
tive shall be entitled to demand from the health authority who has
ordered the disinfection or storage, a certificate setting forth the
measures taken.
Art. 20. Soiled linen, clothing, and articles constituting part of
baggage or furniture (household goods) coming from a contami-
nated territorial area shall only be disinfected in case of plague or
cholera and only when the health authority considers them con-
taminated.
SECTION ITT. MEASURES IN PORTS AND AT MARITIME FRONTIERS.
A. CLASSIFICATION OF VESSELS.
Art. 21. A vessel is considered as infected which has plague,

cholera, or yellow fever on board, or which has presented one or more
cases of plague, cholera, or yellow fever within seven days.
A vessel is considered as suspicious on board of which there were
cases of plague, cholera, or yellow fever at the time of departure or
have been during the voyage, but on which there have been no new
cases within seven days.
A vessel is considered as uninfected which, although coming from
an infected port, has had neither death nor any case of plague,
cholera, or yellow fever on board either before departure, during the
voyage, or at the time of arrival.
B. MEASURES CONCERNING PLAGUE.
Art. 22. Ships infected with plague shall be subjected to the fol-
lowing measures:
1. Medical inspection.
2. The patients shall be immediately landed and isolated.
3. All persons who have been in contact with the patients and
those whom the health authority of the port has reason to consider
suspicious shall be landed if possible. They may be subjected either
to observation, 1 or to surveillance, 2 or to observation followed by sur-
veillance, and the total duration of these measures shall not exceed
five days from the date of arrival.
It is within the discretion of the health authority of the port to
apply whichever of these measures appears preferable to him accord-
ing to the date of the last case, the condition of the vessel, and the
local possibilities.
4. The soiled linen, wearing apparel, and other articles of the
crew 8 and passengers which are considered by the health authority
as being contaminated shall be disinfected.
1 By observation is meant the isolation of the passengers, either on board a vessel or
“ ”
at a sanitary station, before they are granted pratique.

2 By surveillance is meant that the passengers are not isolated and that they imme-
“
”
diately obtain pratique, but that the attention of the authorities is called to them wherever
they go and that they are subjected to a medical examination to ascertain the state of
their health.
3 The term “
crew is applied to all persons who form or have formed part of the crew
”
or of the servants on board the vessel, including stewards, waiters, “
caredji,” etc. The

term is to be construed in this sense wherever employed in the present Convention.
5. The parts of the vessel which have been occupied by persons

stricken with plague or which are considered by the health authority
as being contaminated shall be disinfected.
6. The destruction of the rats on the vessel shall take place before
or after the discharge of the cargo, avoiding injury to the cargo, the
platings, and the engines as far as possible. The operation shall be
performed as soon and as quickly as possible, and shall not in any
event last over forty-eight hours.
In the case of vessels in ballast, this operation shall be performed
as soon as possible before taking on cargo.
Art. 23. Vessels suspected of plague shall be subjected to the meas-
ures indicated under Nos. 1, 4, 5. and 0 of article 22.
Moreover, the crew and passengers may be subjected to a surveil-
lance not to exceed five days from the arrival of the vessel. The
landing of the crew may be forbidden during the same period except
in connection with the service.
Art. 24. Vessels uninfected with ■plague shall be granted pratique
immediately, whatever be the nature of their bill of health.
The only measures which the authority of the port of arrival may
prescribe with regard to them shall be the following:
2. Disinfection of the soiled linen, wearing apparel, and other ar-
ticles of the crew and passengers, but only in exceptional cases when
the health authority has special reason to believe that they are con-
taminated.
3. Although the measure should not be laid down as a general
rule, the health authority may subject vessels coming from a con-
taminated port to an operation designed to destroy the rats on board,
either before or after the discharge of the cargo. This operation
should take place as soon and as quickly as possible and should not
m any event last more than twenty-four hours, avoiding hindrance
to the movement of the passengers and crew between the vessel and
the shore and, as far as possible, injury to the cargo, plating, and
engines.
The crew and passengers may be subjected to a surveillance not to
exceed five days from the date on which the vessel left the contami-
nated port. The landing of the crew may also be forbidden during
the same time except in connection with the service.
The competent authority of the port of arrival may always demand
an affidavit from the ship’s physician, or in default of such phy-
sician, from the captain, to the effect that there has not been a case
of plague on the vessel since its departure and that no unusual mor-
tality among the rats has been observed.
Art. 25. When rats have been recognized as plague-stricken on
board an uninfected vessel as a result of a bacteriological examina-
tion, or when an unusual mortality has been discovered among these
rodents, the following measures shall be applied:
I. Vessels with plague-stricken rats:
a) Medical inspection.
b) The rats shall be destroyed either before or after the discharge
of the cargo, avoiding injury, as far as possible, to the cargo, plating,
and engines. On vessels in ballast this operation shall be performed
as soon and as quickly as possible and at all events before taking on
cargo.
c) The parts of the vessel and the articles which the health au-
thority considers to be contaminated shall be disinfected.
d) The passengers and crew may be subjected to a surveillance
whose duration shall not exceed five days from the date of arrival.
II. Vessels on which an unusual mortality among rats is dis-
covered :
a) Medical inspection.
b) An examination of the rats with regard to the plague shall be
made as far and as quicldv as possible.
c) If the destruction of the rats is deemed necessary, it shall take
place under the conditions indicated above for vessels with plague-
stricken rats.
d) Until all suspicion is removed, the passengers and crew may be
subjected to a surveillance whose duration shall not exceed five days
from the date of arrival.
Art. 26. It is recommended that vessels be periodically rid of their
rats, the operation to take place at least once every six months. The
health officer of the port in which the rat ridding operation is per-
formed shall deliver to the captain, owner, or agent, whenever request
is made therefor, a certificate showing the date of the operation, the
port where it was performed, and the method employed.
It is recommended that the health authorities of ports at which
vessels stop which practice periodical rat ridding keep account of the
aforementioned certificates in determining the measures to be taken,
especially as regards the provisions of No. 3 of the 2d paragraph of
article 24.
C. MEASURES CONCERNING CHOLERA.
Art. 27. Vessels infected with cholera shall be subjected to the

following measures:
2. The patients shall be immediately landed and isolated.
3. The other persons shall likewise be landed and subjected, from
the date of arrival of the vessel, to an observation or a surveillance
whose duration shall vary according to the sanitary condition of the
vessel and the date of the last case, without, however, exceeding five
days; provided this period is not exceeded, the medical authority
may proceed to make a bacteriological examination as far as neces-
sary.
4. The soiled linen, wearing apparel, and other articles of the crew
and passengers which are considered bv the health authority of the
port as being contaminated shall be disinfected.
5. The parts of the vessel which have been occupied by cholera
patients or which are considered by the health authority as being
contaminated shall be disinfected.
6. When the drinking water stored on board is considered sus-
picious, it shall be turned off, after being disinfected, and replaced
if necessary by water of good quality.
The health authority may prohibit turning water ballast otf in
ports if it has been taken on in a contaminated port, unless it has been
previously disinfected.
It may be forbidden to let run or throw human dejections or the

residuary waters of the vessel into the waters of the port, unless they
are first disinfected.
Art. 28. Vessels suspected of cholera shall be subjected to the
measures prescribed under Nos. 1, 4, 5, and 6 of article 27.
The crew and passengers may be subjected to a surveillance not to
exceed five days from the arrival of the vessel. It is recommended
that the landing of the crew be prevented during the same period ex-
cept for purposes connected with the service.
Art. 29. Vessels uninfected with cholera shall be granted pratique
immediately, whatever be the nature of their bill of health.
The only measures to which they may be subjected by the health
authority of the port of arrival shall be those provided under Nos.
1, 4, and 6 of article 27.
The health authority may forbid letting water ballast off in ports
if it has been taken on in a contaminated port, unless it has been
previously disinfected.
With regard to the state of their health, the crew and passengers
may be subjected to a surveillance not to exceed five days from the
date on which the vessel left the contaminated port.
It is recommended that the landing of the crew be forbidden dur-
ing the same period except for purposes connected with the service.
The competent authority of the port of arrival may always demand
an affidavit from the ship’s physician or, in the absence of mch, from
the captain, to the effect that there has not been a case of cholera on
board since the vessel sailed.
D. MEASURES CONCERNING THE YELLOW FEVER.
Art. 30. Vessels infected with yellow fever shall be subjected to

the following measures :
2. The patients shall be landed under such conditions that they
will be protected from mosquito bites, and duly isolated.
3. The other persons may likewise be landed and subjected, from
the date of arrival, to an observation or surveillance not exceeding
six days.
4. Vessels shall anchor, as far as possible, at a distance of 200
meters from the shore.
5. If possible, the mosquitos on board shall be exterminated be-
fore the cargo is discharged. If this is impossible, all necessanr
measures shall be taken in order that the persons employed in dis-
charging the cargo may not be infected. These persons shall be sub-
jected to a surveillance not to exceed six days from the time they
cease to work on board.
Art. 31. Vessels suspected of yellow fever shall be subjected to the
measures indicated under Nos. i, 4, and 5 of the preceding article.
Moreover, the crew and passengers may be subjected to a surveil-
lance not to exceed six days from the date of arrival of the vessel.
Art. 32. Vessels uninfected with yellow fever shall be granted
pratique immediately after medical inspection, whatever be the
nature of their bill of health.
Art. 33. The measures contemplated in articles 30 and 31 do not
concern the countries in which stegomya exist. In other countries
they shall be applied to the extent deemed necessar}7 by the medical
authorities.
E. PROVISIONS COMMON TO ALL THREE DISEASES.
Art. 34. In applying the measures set forth in articles 22 to 33,

the competent authority shall take into account the presence of a
physician and of disinfecting apparatuses (chambers) on board the
vessels of the three categories mentioned above.
In regard to plague, he shall likewise take into account the instal-
lation on board of apparatus for the destruction of rats.
The health authorities of nations which may deem it suitable to
reach an understanding on this point may excuse from the medical
inspection and other measures those uninfected vessels which have on
board a physician specially commissioned by their country.
Art. 35. Special measures, especially (as regards cholera) a bac-
teriological examination, may be prescribed in regard to any vessel
in a bad hygienic condition or crowded.
Art. 36. Any vessel not desiring to submit *to the obligations im-
posed by the port authority in pursuance of the stipulations of the
present convention shall be free to put to sea again.
It may be permitted to land its cargo after the necessary precau-
tions have been taken, viz :
1. Isolation of the vessel, crew, and passengers.
2. In regard to plague, inquiry as to the existence of an unusual
mortality among the rats.
3. In regard to cholera, the substitution of good water in place of
the drinking water stored on board, when the latter is considered
suspicious.
It may also be permitted to land passengers who so request, upon
condition that they submit to the measures prescribed by the local
authority.
Art. 37. Vessels hailing from a contaminated port and which have
been subjected to sanitary measures applied in an efficient manner
in a port belonging to one of the contracting countries, shall not
undergo the same measures a second time upon their arrival in a
new port, whether or not the latter belong to the same country,
provided no incident has occurred which would involve the applica-
tion of the sanitary measures contemplated hereinbefore, and pro-
vided they have not touched at a contaminated port.
A vessel shall not be considered as having stopped at a port when,
without having been in communication with the shore, it lands only
passengers and their baggage and the mail, or takes on only the
mail, or passengers with or without baggage who have not com-
municated with the port or with a contaminated area. In case of
yellow fever, the vessel must besides have kept away from shore
as much as possible, and at a distance of 200 meters, in order to
prevent the invasion of mosquitos.
Art. 38. A port authority who applies sanitary measures shall
deliver to the captain, owner, or agent, whenever requested, a certifi-
cate specifying the nature of the measures and the reasons for which
they have been applied.
Art. 39. Passengers arriving on an infected vesel shall have a
right to demand a certificate of. the health authority of the port
showing the date of their arrival and the measures to which they
and their baggage have been subjected.
Art. 40. Coasting vessels shall be subjected to special measures to
be established by mutual agreement among the countries concerned.
Art. 41. The Governments of Riparian Nations on the same sea
may conclude special agreements among themselves, taking into
account their special situations and in order to render more effective
and less annoying the application of the sanitary measures provided
by the Convention.
Art. 42. It is desirable that the number of ports provided with a
sufficient organization and equipment to receive a vessel, whatever be
her sanitary condition, should, in the case of each Nation, be in pro-
portion to the importance of traffic and navigation. However, and
without prejudice to the rights of the Governments to agree on or-
ganizing common sanitary stations, each country should provide at
least one of the ports on the coast line of each of its seas with such
an organization and equipment.
Moreover, it is recommended that all great ports of maritime navi-
gation be equipped in such a way that at least uninfected vessels may
undergo the prescribed sanitary measures therein as soon as they
arrive and not be sent to another port for this purpose.
The Governments shall make known the ports which are open in
their country to arrivals from ports contaminated with plague,
cholera, and yellow fever, and particularly those which are open to
infected or suspicious vessels.
Art. 43. It is recommended that there be established in large mari-
time ports:
a) A regular medical service of the port and a permanent medical
surveillance of the sanitary conditions of the crews and the inhab-
itants of the port.
b) Means for the transportation of patients and places set apart
for their isolation and for the observation of suspected persons.
c) The necessary plants for efficient disinfection, and bacterio-
logical laboratories.
d) A supply of drinking wT ater beyond suspicion for the use of
the port, and a system affording all possible security for carrying off
refuge and sewage.
Art. 44. It is also recommended that the Contracting Nations take
into account, in the treatment to be accorded the arrivels from a coun-
try, the measures taken by the latter for combating infectious diseases
and for preventing their exportation.
SECTION IV. MEASURES ON LAND FRONTIERS TRAVELERS RAILROADS
FRONTIER ZONES RIVER ROUTES.
Art. 45. No land quarantines shall be established.

Only persons showing symptoms of plague, cholera, or yellow fever
shall be detained at frontiers.
This rule shall not bar the right of each Nation to close a part of
its frontiers in case of necessity.
Art. 46. It is important that' travellers be subjected to surveillance
on the part of railroad employees with a view to determining the
state of their health.
international sanitary
convention. 19
Art. 47. Medical interference shall be limited to an examination
of the passengers and the care to be given to the sick. If such an
examination is made, it should be combined as far as possible with
the custom house inspection to the end that travelers may be de-
tained as short a time as possible. Only persons who are obviously
ill shall be subjected to a thorough medical examination.
Art. 48. As soon as travelers coming from an infected locality shall
have arrived at their destination, it would be of the greatest utility
to subject them to a surveillance which ought not to exceed, counting
from the date of departure, five days in case of plague or cholera
and six days in case of yellow fever.
Art. 49. The Governments reserve the right to take special meas-
ures in regard to certain categories of persons, notably gypsies, vaga-
bonds, emigrants, and persons traveling or crossing the frontier in
troops.
Art. 50. Cars used for the conveyance of passengers, mail, and bag-
gage shall not be detained at frontiers.
If it should happen that one of these cars is contaminated or has
been occupied by a plague or cholera patient, it shall be detached
from the train and disinfected as soon as possible.
The same rule shall apply to freight cars.
Art. 51. The measures concerning the crossing of frontiers by
railroad and postal employees shall be determined by the companies
or departments concerned and shall be so arranged as not to hinder
the service.
Art. 52. The regulation of frontier traffic and questions pertaining
thereto, as well as the adoption of exceptional measures of surveil-
lance, shall be left to special arrangements between the contiguous
nations.
Art. 53. It shall be the province of the Governments of the ripa-
rian Nations to regulate the sanitary conditions of river routes bv
means of special arrangements.
Title IT. Special Provisions Applicable to Oriental and Far

Eastern Countries.
SECTION I. MEASURES IN PORTS CONTAMINATED UPON THE DEPARTURE OF

VESSELS.
Art. 54. Every person, including the members of the crew, who
takes passage on board a vessel shall, at the time of embarcation, be
examined individually in the daytime on shore, for the necessary
length of time, by a physician delegated by the public authority.
The consular authority of the nation to which the vessel belongs
may be present at this examination.
As an exception to this stipulation, the medical examination may
take place on shipboard at Alexandria and Port Said, when the local
health authority deems it expedient, provided that the third-class pas-
sengers shall not be permitted to leave the vessel. This medical
examination may be made at night in the case of first and second
(lass passengers but not of third-class passengers.
SECTION II. MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO ORDINARY VESSELS HAILING FROM

CONTAMINATED NORTHERN PORTS AND APPEARING AT THE ENTRANCE
OF THE SUEZ CANAL OR IN EGYPTIAN PORTS.
Art. 55. Ordinary uninfected vessels hailing from a plague or

cholera infected port of Europe or the basin of the Mediterranean
and presenting themselves for passage through the Suez Canal shall
be allowed to pass through in quarantine. They shall continue their
route under observation of five days.
Art. 56. Ordinary uninfected vessels wishing to make a landing
in Egypt may stop at Alexandria or Port Said, where the passengers
shall complete the observation period of five days either on shipboard
or in a sanitary station, according to the decision of the local health
authority.
Art. 57. The measures to which infected or suspected vessels shall
be subjected which hail from a plague or cholera infected port of
Europe or the shores of the Mediterranean, and which desire to effect
a landing in one of the Egyptian ports or to pass through the Suez
Canal, shall be determined by the Board of Health of Egypt in con-
formity with the stipulations of the present Convention.
The regulations containing these measures shall, in order to become
effective, be accepted by the various Powers represented on the
Board; they shall determine the measures to which vessels, passen-
gers, and merchandise are to be subjected and shall be presented
within the shortest possible period.
SECTION III. MEASURES IN THE RED SEA.
A. MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO ORDINARY VESSELS HAILING FROM THE SOUTH AND
APPEARING IN PORTS OF THE RED SEA OR BOUND TOWARD THE MEDITERRANEAN.
Art. 58. Independently of the general provisions contained in

Section III, Chapter 2, Title I, concerning the classification of and
the measures applicable to infected, suspected, or uninfected vessels,
the special provisions contained in the ensuing articles are applicable
to ordinary vessels coming from the south and entering the Red Sea.
Art. 59. TJnifected vessels must have completed or shall be re-
quired to complete an observation period of five full days from the
time of their departure from the last infected port.
They shall be allowed to pass through the Suez Canal in quaran-
tine and shall enter the Mediterranean continuing the aforesaid ob-
servation period of five days. Ships having a physician and a dis-
infecting chamber on board shall not undergo disinfection until the
passage through in quarantine begins.
Art. 60. Suspected vessels shall be treated differently according
to whether they have a physician and a disinfecting apparatus
(chamber) on board or not.
a) Vessels having a physician and a disinfecting apparatus (cham-
ber) on board and fulfilling the necessary conditions shall be per-
mitted to pass through the Suez Canal in quarantine under condi-
tions prescribed by the regulations for the passage through.
b) Other suspected vessels having neither physician nor disin-
fecting apparatus (chamber) on board shall, before being permitted
to pass through in quarantine, be detained at Suez or Moses Spring
a sufficient length of time to carry out the disinfecting measures pre-
scribed and to ascertain the sanitary condition of the vessel.
Tn the case of mail vessels or of packets specially utilized for the
transportation of passengers and having no disinfecting apparatus
(chamber) but having a physician on board, if the last case of plague
or cholera dates back longer than seven days and if the sanitary condi-
tion of the vessel is satisfactory, pratique may be granted at Suez
when the operations prescribed by the regulations are completed.
When a vessel has had a run of less than seven days without infec-
tion, the passengers bound for Egypt shall be landed at an estab-
lishment designated by the Board of Health of Alexandria and
isolated a sufficient length of time to complete the observation period
of five days. Their soiled linen and wearing apparel shall be disin-
fected. They shall then receive pratique.
Vessels having had a run of less than seven days without infection
and desiring to obtain pratique in Egypt shall be detained in an
establishment designated by the Board of Health of Alexandria for
a sufficient length of time to complete the observation period of five
days. They shall undergo the measures prescribed for infected
vessels.
When the plague or cholera has appeared exclusively among the
crew, only the soiled linen of the latter shall be disinfected, but it
shall all be disinfected, including that in the living quarters of the
crew.
Art. 61. Infected vessels are divided into vessels with a physi-
cian and a disinfecting apparatus (chamber) on board, and vessels
without a physician and a disinfecting apparatus (chamber).
a) Vessels without a physician and a disinfecting apparatus
(chamber) shall be stopped at Moses Spring; 1 persons showing symp-
toms of plague or cholera shall be landed and isolated in a hospital.
The disinfection shall be carried out in a thorough manner. The
other passengers shall be landed and isolated in groups composed
of as few persons as possible, so that the whole number may not be
infected by a particular group if the plague or cholera should de-
velop. The soiled linen, wearing apparel, and clothing of the crew
and passengers, as well as the vessel, shall be disinfected.
Tt is to be distinctly understood that there shall be no discharge of
cargo but simply a disinfection of the part of the vessel which has
been infected.
The passengers shall remain for five days in an establishment
designated by the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board of
Egypt. When the cases of plague or cholera date back several days,
the length of the isolation shall be diminished. This length shall
vary according to the date of the cure, death, or isolation of the last
patient. Thus, when the last case of plague or cholera lias termi-
nated six days before by a cure or death, or when the last patient has
been isolated for six days, the observation shall last one day; if only
five days have elapsed, the observation period shall be two days; if
only four days have elapsed, the observation period shall be three
Mlie patients shall as far as possible be landed at Moses Sprint:. The other persons
may undergo the observation in a sanitary station designated bv the Sanitarv Maritime
and Quarantine Board of Egypt (pilots' lazaretto). ' '
’
’
days; if only three days have elapsed, the observation period shall
be four days; and if only two days or one day has elapsed, the ob-
servation period shall be five days.
b) Vessels with a physician and a disinfecting apparatus (cham-
ber) on board shall be stopped at Moses Spring. The ship’s physi-
cian must declare, under oath, what persons on board show symptoms
of plague or cholera. These patients shall be landed and isolated.
After the landing of these patients, the soiled linen of the rest of
the passengers which the health authority may consider dangerous,
as well as that of the crew, shall undergo disinfection on board.
When plague or cholera shall have appeared exclusively among
the crew, the disinfection of the linen shall be limited to the soiled
linen of the crew and the linen of the living apartments of the crew.
The ship’s physician shall indicate also, under oath, the part or
compartment of the vessel and the section of the hospital in which
the patient or patients have been transported. He shall also declare,
under oath, what persons have been in contact with the plague or
cholera patient since the first manifestation of the disease, either di-
rectly or through contact with objects which might be contaminated.
Such persons alone shall be considered as suspects.
The part or compartment of the vessel and the section of the hos-
pital in which the patient or patients have been transported shall be
thoroughly disinfected. By “part of the ship” shall be meant the
cabin of the patient, the neighboring cabins, the corridor on which
these cabins are located, the deck, and the parts of the deck where
the patients have been.
If it is impossible to disinfect the part or compartment of the
vessel which has been occupied by the persons stricken with plague
or cholera without landing the persons declared suspects, these per-
sons shall be either placed in another vessel specially designated for
this purpose or landed and lodged in the sanitary establishment
without coming in contact with the patients, who shall be placed in
the hospital.
The duration of this stay on the vessel or on shore shall be as
short as possible and shall not exceed twenty-four hours.
The suspects shall undergo, either on their vessel or on the vessel
designated for this purpose, an observation period whose duration
shall vary according to the cases and under the conditions provided
in the third paragraph of subdivision a).
The time taken up by the prescribed operations shall be comprised
in the duration of the observation period.
The passage through in quarantine may be allowed before the
expiration of the periods indicated above if the health authority
deems it possible. It shall at all events be granted when the disin-
fection has been completed, if the vessel leaves behind not only its
patients but also the persons indicated above as suspects.”
“
A disinfecting chamber placed on a lighter may come alongside the

vessel in order to expedite the disinfecting operations.
Infected vessels requesting pratique in Egypt shall be detained at
Moses Spring five days; they shall, moreover, undergo the same
measures as tnose adopted for infected vessels arriving in Europe.
B. MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO ORDINARY VESSELS HAILING FROM THE INFECTED
PORTS OF HEDJAZ DURING THE PILGRIMAGE SEASON.
Art. 62. If plague or cholera prevails in Hedjaz during the time

of the Mecca pilgrimage, vessels coming from the Hedjaz or from
any other part of the Arabian coast of the lied Sea without having
embarked there any pilgrims or similar masses of persons, and
which have not had any suspicious occurrence on board during the
voyage, shall be placed in the category of ordinary suspected vessels.
They shall be subjected to the preventive measures and to the treat-
ment imposed on such vessels.
If they are bound for Egypt they shall undergo, in a sanitary
establishment designated by the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine
Board, an observation of five days from the date of departure for
cholera as well as for plague. They shall be subjected, moreover, to
all the measures prescribed for suspected vessels (disinfection, etc.),
and shall not be granted pratique until they have passed a favorable
medical examination.
It shall be understood that if the vessels have had suspicious oc-
currences during the voyage they shall pass the observation period
at Moses Spring, which shall last five days whether it be a question
of plague or cholera.
SECTION IV. ORGANIZATION OF SURVEILLANCE AND DISINFECTION AT SUEZ

AND MOSES SPRING.
Art. 0)3. 'The medical inspection prescribed by the regulations shall

be made on each vessel arriving at Suez bv one or more of the physi-
cians of the station, being made in the daytime on vessels hailing
from ports infected with plague or cholera. It may, however, be
made at night on vessels which come to pass through the canal, pro-
vided they are lit by electricity and whenever the local health author-
ity is satisfied that the lighting facilities are adequate.
Art. 0)4. The physicians of the Suez station shall be at least seven
in number—one chief physician and six others. They must possess
a regular diploma and shall be chosen preferably from among physi-
cians who have made special practical studies in epidemiology and
bacteriology. They shall be appointed by the Minister of the Inte-
rior upon the recommendation of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quar-
antine Board of Egypt. They shall receive a salary to begin at 8,000
francs and which may progressively rise to 12,000 francs for the six
physicians, and vary from 12,000 to 15,000 francs for the chief
physician.
If the medical service should still prove inadequate, recourse may
be had to the surgeons of the navies of the several nations, who shall
be placed under the authority of the chief physician of the sanitary
station.
Art. 05. A corps of sanitary guards shall be intrusted with the
surveillance and execution of the prophylactic measures applied in
the Suez Canal, at the establishment at Moses Spring, and at Tor.
Art. 66. This corps shall comprise ten guards.
It shall be recruited from among former noncommissioned officers
of the European and Egyptian armies and navies.
After their competence has been ascertained by the Board, the

guards shall be appointed in the manner provided bv article 14 of
the Khedival decree of June 19, 1893.
Art. 67. The guards shall be divided into two classes, the first
comprising four and the second six guards.
Art. 68. The annual compensation allowed the guards shall be:
For the first class, from £160 Eg. to £200 Eg.;
For the second class, from £120 Eg. to £168 Eg.;
With a progressive increase until the maximum is reached.
Art. 69. The guards shall be invested with the character of officers
of the public peace, with the right to call for assistance in case of
infractions of the sanitary regulations.
They shall be placed under the immediate orders of the Director of
the Suez or the Tor Bureau.
SECTION V. PASSAGE THROUGH THE SUEZ CANAL IN QUARANTINE.
Art. TO. The health authority of Suez shall grant the passage
through in quarantine, and the Board shall be immediately informed
thereof.
Doubtful cases shall be decided by the Board.
Art. 71. As soon as the permit provided for in the preceding ar-
ticle is granted, a telegram shall be sent to the authority designated
by each Power, the dispatch of the telegram being at the expense of
the vessel.
Art. 72. Each Power shall establish penalties against vessels which
abandon the route indicated by the captain and unduly approach
one of the ports within its territory, cases of vis major and enforced
sojourn being excepted.
Art. 73. Upon a vessel’s being spoken, the captain shall be obliged
to declare whether he has on board any gangs of native stokers or
of wage-earning employees of any description who are not inscribed
on the crew list or the register kept for this purpose.
The following questions in particular shall be asked the captains
of all vessels arriving at Suez from the south, and shall be answered
under oath:
“Have you any helpers (stokers or other workmen) not inscribed
on your crew list or on the special register? What is their nation-
ality? Where did you embark them?
”
The sanitary physicians should ascertain the presence of these

helpers and if they discover that any of them are missing they should
carefully seek the cause of their absence.
Art. 74. A health officer and two sanitary guards shall board the
vessel and accompany her to Port Said. Their duty shall be to pre-
vent communications and see to the execution of the prescribed meas-
ures during the passage through the canal.
Art. 75. All embarkations, landings, and transshipments of pas-
sengers or cargo are forbidden during the passage through the Suez
Canal to Port Said.
However, passengers may embark at Port* Said in quarantine.
...
Art. 76. Vessels passing through in quarantine shall make the trip
from Suez to Port Said without putting into dock.
In case of stranding or of being compelled to put into dock, the
necessary operations shall be performed by the personnel on board,
sill communications with the employees of the Suez Canal Company
being avoided.
Art. 77. When troops are conveyed through the canal on sus-
picious or infected vessels passing through in quarantine, the trip
shall be made in the daytime only. If it is necessary to stop at night
in the canal, the vessels shall anchor in Lake Timsah or the Great
Lake.
Art. 78. Vessels passing through in quarantine are forbidden to
stop in the harbor of Port Said except in the cases contemplated in
articles 75 (paragraph 2) and 75.
The. supply and preparation of food on board vessels shall be
effected with the means at hand on the vessels.
Stevedores or any other persons who may have gone on board
shall be isolated on the quarantine lighter. Their clothing shall
there undergo disinfection as per regulations.
Art. 79. When it is absolutely necessary for vessels passing through
in quarantine to take on coal at Port Said, they shall perform this
operation in a locality affording the necessary facilities for isolation
and sanitary surveillance, to be selected by the Board of Health.
When it is possible to maintain a strict supervision on board the ves-
sel and to prevent all contact with the persons on board, the coaling
of the vessel by the workmen of the port may be permitted. At night
the place where the coaling is done should be illuminated by electric
lights.
Art. 80. The pilots, electricians, agents of the Company, and san-
itary guards shall be put off at Port Said outside of the port between
the jetties and thence conducted directly to the quarantine lighter,
where their clothing shall undergo disinfection when deemed nec-
essary.
Art. 81. The war vessels hereinafter specified shall enjoy the ben-
efits of the following provisions when passing through the Suez
Canal:
They shall be recognized by the quarantine authority as uninfected
upon the production of a certificate issued by the physicians on board,
c unter-igned bv the commanding officer, and affirming under oath:
a) That there has not been any case of plague or cholera on board
either at the time of departure or during the passage.
b) That a careful examination of all persons on board, without
any exception, has been made less than twelve hours before the arrival
in the Egyptian port, and that it revealed no case of these diseases.
These vessels shall be exempted from the medical examination and
immediately receive pratique, provided a period of five full days has
elapsed since their departure from the last infected port.
Tn case the required period has not elapsed, the vessels may pass
through the canal in quarantine without undergoing the medical ex-
amination, provided they present the above-mentioned certificate to
the quarantine authorities.
The quarantine authorities shall nevertheless have a right to cause
their agents to perform the medical examination on board war ves-
sels whenever they deem it necessary.
Suspicious or infected war vessels shall be subjected to the regu-
lations in force.
Only fighting units shall be considered as war vessels, transports
and hospital ships falling under the category of ordinary vessels.
Art. 82. The Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board of Egypt

is authorized to organize the transit through Egyptian territory by
rail of the mails and ordinary passengers coming from infected coun-
tries in quarantine trains, under the conditions set forth in Annex I.
SECTION VI. SANTTARY MEASURES APPLICABLE TO THE PERSIAN GULF.
Art. 83. The sanitary regulation established by the articles of the

present Convention shall be applied, as regards vessels entering the
Persian Gulf, by the health authorities of the ports of arrival.
This regulation shall be subject to the following three reservations
with respect to the classification of the vessels and to the measures
to be applied to them in the Persian Gulf:
1. The surveillance of the passengers and crew shall always be
superseded by an observation of the same duration.
2. Uninfected vessels may obtain pratique there only upon condi-
tion that five full days have elapsed since the time of their departure
from the last infected port.
3. In regard to suspected vessels the period of five days for the
observation of the crew and passengers shall begin as soon as there
is no case of plague or cholera on board.
Title HI. Provisions Specially Applicable to Pilgrimages.
Chapter I. General provisions.

Art. 84. The provisions of article 54 of Title II are applicable to
persons and objects bound for Hedjaz or Irak Arabi and who are to
l>e embarked on a pilgrim ship, even if the port of embarkation is
not infected with plague or cholera.
Art. 85. When cases of plague or cholera exist in the port, no em-
barkation shall be made on pilgrim ships until after the persons,
assembled in a group, have been subjected to an observation for the
purpose of ascertaining that none of them is stricken with plague or
cholera.
It shall be understood that, in executing this measure, each Gov-
ernment may take into account the local circumstances and possi-
bilities.
Art. 86. If local circumstances permit, the pilgrims shall be
obliged to prove that they possess the means absolutely necessary to
complete the pilgrimage, especially a round-trip ticket.
Art. 87. Steamships shall alone be permitted to engage in the
long-vovage transportation of pilgrims, all other vessels being for-
bidden to engage in this traffic.
Art. 88. Pilgrim ships engaged in coasting trade and used in mak-
ing the conveyances of short duration called “coasting trade” shall
be subject to the provisions contained in the special regulations ap-
plicable to the Hedjaz pilgrimage, which shall be published by the
Board of Health of Constantinople in accordance with the principles
enounced in the present Convention.
Art. 89. A vessel which does not embark a greater proportion of
pilgrims of the lowest class than one per hundred tons’ gross burden,
in addition to its ordinary passengers (among whom pilgrims of the
INTERNATIONAL SANTTARV CONVENTION. 27
higher class may be included), shall not be considered as a pilgrim
ship.
Art. 90. Every pilgrim ship situated in Ottoman waters must con-
form to the provisions contained in the special regulations applicable
to the Iledjaz pilgrimage, which shall be published by the Board of
Health of Constantinople in accordance with the principles set forth
in the present convention.
Art. 91. The captain shall be obliged to pay all the sanitary taxes
collectible from the pilgrims, which shall be comprised in the price
of the ticket.
Art. 92. As far as possible, the pilgrims who land or embark at
the sanitary stations should not come in contact with one another at
the points of debarkation.
The pilgrims who are landed shall be sent to the encampment in as
small groups as possible.
They must be furnished with good drinking water, whether it is
found on the spot or obtained by distillation.
Art. 93. When there is plague or cholera in Iledjaz, the provisions
carried by the pilgrims shall be destroyed if the health authority
deems it necessary.
Chapter II. Pilgrim ships—Sanitary arrangements.
SECTION I. GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF VESSELS.
Art. 94. The vessel must be able to lodge pilgrims between decks.
Outside of the crew, the vessel shall furnish to every individual,
whatever be his age, a surface of 1.5 square meters (16 English square
feet) with a height between decks of about 1.8 meters.
On vessels engaged in coasting trade each pilgrim shall have at
his disposal a space of at least 2 meters wide along the gunwales of
the vessel.
Art. 95. On each side of the vessel, on deck, there shall be re-
served a place screened from view and provided with a hand pump
so as to furnish sea water for the needs of the pilgrims. One such
place shall be reserved exclusively for women.
Art. 96. In addition to the water closets for the use of the crew,
the vessel shall be provided with latrines flushed with water or pro-
vided with a stop cock, in the proportion of at least, one latrine for
every 100 persons embarked.
There shall be latrines reserved exclusively for women.
There shall be no water closets between decks or within the hold.
Art. 97. The vessel shall have two places arranged for private
cooking by the pilgrims, who shall be forbidden to make a fire else-
where and especially on deck.
Art. 98. Infirmaries properly arranged with regard to safety and
sanitary conditions shall be reserved for lodging the sick.
They shall be so arranged as to be capable of isolating, according
to the kind of disease, persons stricken with transmissible ailments.
The infirmaries shall be able to receive at least 5 per cent of the
pilgrims embarked, allowing at least 3 square kilometers per head.
Art. 99. Every vessel shall have on board the medicines, disin-
fectants, and articles necessary for the care of the sick. The regula-
tions made for this kind of vessels by each Government shall deter-
mine the nature and quantity of the medicines. 1 The care and the
remedies shall be furnished free of charge to the pilgrims.
Art. 100. Every vessel embarking pilgrims shall have on board
a physician holding a regular diploma and commissioned by the
Government of the country to which the vessel belongs or by the
Government of the pert in which the vessel takes pilgrims on board.
A second physician shall be embarked as soon as the number of
pilgrims carried by the vessel exceeds one thousand.
Art. 101. The captain shall be obliged to have handbills posted on
board in a position which is conspicuous and accessible to those in-
terested. They shall be in the principal languages of the countries
inhabited by the pilgrims embarked, and show:
1. The destination of the vessel.
2. The price of the tickets.
3. The daily ration of water and food allowed to each pilgrim.
4. A price list of victuals not comprised in the daily ration and
to be paid for extra.
Apt. 102. The heavy baggage of the pilgrims shall be registered,
numbered, and placed in the hold. The pilgrims shall keep with
them only such articles as are absolutely necessary, the regulations
made by each Government for its vessels determining the nature,
quantity, and dimensions thereof.
Art. 103. The provisions of Chapters I, II (sections I, II, and
III), and III of the present Title shall be posted, in the form of
regulations, in the language of the nationality of the vessel as well
as in the principal languages of the countries inhabited by the pil-
grims embarked, in a conspicuous and accessible place on each deck
and between decks on every vessel carrying pilgrims.
SECTION II. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN BEFORE DEPARTURE.
Art. 104. At least three clays before departure the captain, or in

the absence of the captain the oivner or agent, of every pilgrim ship
must declare his intention to embark pilgrims to the competent
authority of the port of departure. In ports of call the captain, or in
the absence of the captain the owner or agent, of every pilgrim ship
must make this same declaration twelve hours before the departure
of the vessel. This declaration must indicate the intended day of
sailing and the destination of the vessel.
Art. 105. Upon the declaration prescribed by the preceding article
being made, the competent authority shall proceed to the inspection
and measurement of the vessel at the expense of the captain. The
consular officer of the country to which the vessel belongs may be
present at this inspection.
The inspection only shall be made if the captain is already pro-
vided with a certificate of measurement issued by the competent
authority of his country, unless it is suspected that the document no
longer corresponds to the actual state of the vessel. 2
1 It is desirable that each vessel be provided with the principal immunizing agents
(antiplague serum, Haffkine vaccine, etc.).
-
The competent authority is at present: In British India, an officer designated for

this purpose by the local government (Native Passenger Ships Act, 1887, Art. 7) ; in
Dutch India, the harbormaster; in Turkey, the health authority; in Austra-1 lungary,
the port authority ; in Italy, the harbormaster ; in Prance, Tunis, and Spain, the health
authority ; in Egypt, the quarantine and health authority, etc. •
Art. 10G. The competent authority shall not permit the departure
of a pilgrim ship until he has ascertained:
a) That the vessel has been put in a state of perfect cleanliness
and, if necessary, disinfected.
b) That the vessel is in a condition to undertake the voyage
without danger; that it is properly equipped, arranged, and venti-
lated; that it is provided with an adequate number of small boats;
that it contains nothing, on board which is or might become detri-
mental to the health or safety of the passengers, and that the deck
is of wood or of iron covered with wood.
c) That, in addition to the provisions for the crew, there are pro-
visions and fuel of good quality on board, suitably stored and in
sufficient quantity for all the pilgrims and for the entire anticipated
duration of the voyage.
d) That the drinking water taken on board is of good quality and
from a source protected against all contamination; that there is a
suflicient quantity thereof; that the tanks of drinking water on board
are protected against all contamination and closed in such a way
that the water can only be let out through the stop cocks or pumps.
The devices for letting water out called suckers are absolutely
“ ”
forbidden.
e) That the vessel lias a distilling apparatus capable of producing
at least 5 liters of water per head each day for every person em-
barked, including the crew.
f) That the vessel has a disinfecting chamber whose safety and
efficiency have been ascertained by the health authority of the port
of embarkation of the pilgrims.
g) That the crew comprises a physician holding a diploma and
commissioned 1 either by the Government of the country to which
the vessel belongs or by the Government of the port where the vessel
takes on pilgrims, and that the vessel has a supply of medicines, all
in conformity with articles 99 and 100.
h) That the deck of the vessel is free from all cargo and other
incumbrances.
i) That the arrangements of the vessel are such that the measures
prescribed bv Section III hereinafter may be executed.
Art. 107. The captain shall not sail until he has in his possession:
1. A list viseed by the competent authority and showing the name,
sex. and total number of the pilgrims whom he is authorized to
embark.
2. A bill of health setting forth the name, nationality, and tonnage
of the vessel, the name of the captain and of the physician, the exact
number of persons embarked (crew, pilgrims, and other passengers),
the nature of the cargo, and the port of departure.
The competent authority shall indicate on the bill of health whether
the number of pilgrims allowed by the regulations is reached or not,
and, in case it is not reached, the additional number of passengers
which the vessel is authorized to embark in subsequent ports of call.
SECTION III. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN DURING THE PASSAGE.
Art. 108. The deck shall remain free from encumbering objects
during the voyage and shall be reserved day and night for the per-
sons on board and be placed gratuitously at their service.
1 Exception is made for governments which have no commissioned physicians.
Art. 109. Every day the space between decks should be cleaned
carefully and scrubbed with dry sand mixed with disinfectants while
the pilgrims are on deck.
Art. 110. The latrines intended for the passengers as well as those
for the crew should be kept neat and be cleansed and disinfected
three times a day.
Art. 111. The excretions and dejections of persons showing symp-
toms of plague or cholera shall be collected in vessels containing a
disinfecting solution. These vessels shall be emptied into the latrines,
which shall be thoroughly disinfected after each flushing.
Art. 112. Articles of bedding, carpets, and clothing which have
been in contact with the patients mentioned in the preceding article
shall be immediately disinfected. The observance of this rule is
especially enjoined with regard to the clothing of persons who come
near to these patients and who may have become contaminated.
Such of the articles mentioned above as have no value shall be
thrown overboard, if the vessel is neither in a port nor a canal, or
else destroyed bv fire. The others shall be carried to the disinfecting
chamber in impermeable sacks washed with a disinfecting solution.
Art. 118. The quarters occupied by the patients and referred to
in article 98 shall be thoroughly disinfected.
Art. 114. Pilgrim ships shall be compelled to submit to disinfect-
ing operations in conformity with the regulations in force on the
subject in the country whose flag they fly.
Art. 115. The quantity of drinking water allowed daily to each
pilgrim free of charge, whatever be his age, shall be at least 5 liters.
Art. 116. If there is any doubt about the quality of the drinking
water or any possibility of its contamination either at the place of
its origin or during the course of the voyage, the water shall be
boiled or otherwise sterilized and the captain shall be obliged to
throw it overboard at the first port in which a stop is made and in
which he is able to procure a better supply.
Art. 117. The physician shall examine the pilgrims, attend the
patients, and see that the rules of hygiene are observed on board.
He shall especially:
1. Satisfy himself that the provisions dealt out to the pilgrims are
of good quality, that their quantity is in conformity with the obliga-
tions assumed, and that they are suitably prepared.
2. Satisfy himself that' the requirements of article 115 relative to
the distribution of water are observed.
3. If there is any doubt about the quality of the drinking water,
remind the captain in writing of the provisions of article 116.
4. Satisfy himself that the vessel is maintained in a constant state
of cleanliness, and especially that the latrines are cleansed in ac-
cordance with the provisions of article 110.
5. Satisfy himself that the lodgings of the pilgrims are maintained
in a healthful condition, and that, in case of transmissible disease,
they are disinfected in conformity with articles 113 and 114.
6. Keep a diary of all the sanitary incidents occurring during the
course of the voyage and present this diary to the competent au-
thority of the port of arrival.
Art. 118. The persons intrusted with the care of the plague or
cholera patients shall alone have access to them and shall have no
contact with the other persons on board.
Art. 119. In case of a death occurring during the voyage, the
captain shall make note of the death opposite the name on the list
viseed by the authority of the port of departure, besides entering on
his journal the name of the deceased person, his age, where he comes
from, the presumable cause of his death according to the physician’s
certificate, and the date of the death.
In case of death by a transmissible disease, the body shall be
wrapped in a shroud saturated with a disinfecting solution and
thrown overboard.
Art. 120. The captain shall see that all the prophylactic measures
executed during the voyage are recorded in the ship’s journal. This
journal shall be presented to him by the competent authority of the
port of arrival.
In each port of call the captain shall have the list prepared in ac-
cordance with article 107 viseed by the competent authority.
In case a pilgrim is landed during the course of the voyage, the
captain shall note the fact on the list opposite the name of the pil-
grim.
In case of an embarkation, the persons embarked shall be mentioned
on this list in conformity with the aforementioned article 107 and
before it is viseed again by the competent authority.
Art. 121. The bill of health delivered at the port of departure
shall not be changed during the course of the voyage.
It shall be viseed by the health authority of each port of call, who
shall note thereon:
1. The number of passengers landed or embarked in the port.
2. The incidents occurring at sea and affecting the health or life
of the persons on board.
3. The sanitary condition of the port of call.
SECTION IV. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN ON THE ARRIVAL OF PILGRIMS IN THE

RED SEA.
A. SANITARY MEASURES APPLICABLE TO MUSULMAN-PILGRIM SHIPS HAILING FROM

AN INFECTED PORT AND BOUND FROM THE SOUTH TOWARD HEDJAZ.
Art. 122. Pilgrim ships hailing from the south and bound for
Hedjaz shall first stop at the sanitary station of Camaran, where
they shall be subjected to the measures prescribed in articles 123
to 125.
Art. 123. Vessels recognized as uninfected after a medical inspec-
tion shall obtain pratique when the following operations are com-
pleted :
The pilgrims shall be landed, take a shower or sea bath, and their
soiled linen and the part of their wearing apparel and baggage which
appears suspicious in the opinion of the health authority shall be
disinfected. The duration of these operations, including debarkation
and embarkation, shall not exceed forty-eight hours.
If no real or suspected case of plague or cholera is discovered dur-
ing these operations, the pilgrims shall be reembarked immediately
and the vessel shall proceed toward Hedjaz.
For plague, the provisions of articles 23 and 21 shall be applied
with regard to the rats which may be found on board the vessels.
Art. 124. Suspicious vessels on board of which there were cases of

plague or cholera at the time of departure but on which there has
been no new case of plague or cholera for seven days, shall be treated
in the following manner:
The pilgrims shall be landed, take a shower or sea bath, and their
soiled linen and the part of their wearing apparel and baggage
which appears suspicious in the opinion of the health authority shall
be disinfected.
In time of cholera the bilge water shall be changed.
The parts of the vessel occupied by the patients shall be disin-
fected. The duration of these operations, including debarkation and
embarkation, shall not exceed forty-eight hours.
• If no real or suspected case of plague or cholera is discovered dur-
ing these operations, the pilgrims shall be reembarked immediately
and the vessel shall proceed to Djeddah, where a second medical
inspection shall take place on board. If the result thereof is fa-
vorable, and on the strength of a written affidavit by the ship’s
physician to the effect that there has been no case of plague or cholera
during the passage, the pilgrims shall be immediately landed.
If, on the contrary, one or more real or suspected cases of plague
or cholera have been discovered during the voyage or at the time of
arrival, the vessel shall be sent back to Camaran, where it shall
undergo anew the measures applicable to infected vessels.
For plague, the provisions of article 22, 6th par., shall be appli-
cable with regard to the rats which may be found on board the vessels.
Art. 125. Injected vessels, that is, those having cases of plague or
cholera on board or having had cases of plague or cholera within
seven days, shall undergo the following treatment:
The persons stricken with plague or cholera shall be landed and
isolated in groups comprising as few persons as possible, so that
the whole number may not be infected by a particular group if
plague or cholera should develop therein.
The soiled linen, wearing apparel, and clothing of the crew and
passengers, as well as the vessel, shall be disinfected in a thorough
manner.
However, the local health authority may decide that the discharge
of the heavy baggage and the cargo is not necessary, and that only
a part of the vessel need be disinfected.
The passengers shall remain in the Camaran establishment five
days. When cases of plague or cholera date back several days, the
length of the isolation may be diminished. This length may vary
according to the date of appearance of the last case and the decision
of the health authority.
The vessel shall then proceed to Djeddah. where an individual and
rigorous medical examination shall be made. If the result thereof
is favorable, the vessel shall obtain pratique. If, on the contrary,
real cases of plague or cholera have appeared on board during the
voyage or at the time of arrival, the vessel shall be sent back to Cam-
aran, where it shall undergo anew the treatment applicable to infected
vessels.
For plague, the measures prescribed by article 22 shall be applied
with regard to the rats which may be found on board the vessels.
Art. 126. Every sanitary station designed to receive pilgrims should
be provided with a trained, experienced, and sufficiently numerous
staff, as well as with all the buildings and apparatus necessary to
insure the application, in their entirety, of the measures to which
said pilgrims are subject.
R. SANITARY MEASURES APPLICABLE TO MUSUI.MAN-P1I.GR1 M SHIPS HAILING FROM

THE NORTH AND BOUND TOWARD HED.TAZ.
Art. 127. If plague or cholera is not known to exist in the port

of departure or its neighborhood, and if no case of plague or cholera
has occurred during the passage, the vessel shall be immediately
granted pratique.
128. If plague or cholera is known to exist in the port of departure
or its vicinity, or if a case of plague or cholera has occurred during
the voyage, the vessel shall be subjected at Tor to the rules established
for vessels coming from the south and stopping at Camaran. The
vessels shall thereupon be granted pratique.
SECTION V. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN UPON THE RETURN OF PILGRIMS.
A. PILGRIM SHIPS RETURNING NORTHWARD.
Art. 129. Every vessel bound for Suez or for a Mediterranean port,
having on board pilgrims or similar masses of persons, and hailing
from a port of Hedjaz or from any other port on the Arabian coast
of the Red Sea, must repair to Tor in order to undergo there the
observation and the sanitarv measures indicated in articles 133 and
135.
Art. 130. Vessels bringing Mussulman pilgrims back toward the
Mediterranean shall pass through the canal in quarantine only.
Art. 131. The agents of navigation companies and captains are
warned that, after completing their observation period at the sani-
tary station of Tor, the Egyptian pilgrims will alone be permitted
to leave the vessel permanently in order to return thereupon to their
homes.
Only those pilgrims will be recognized as Egyptians or as residents
of Egypt who are provided with a certificate of residence issued by
an Egyptian authority and conforming to the established model.
Samples of this certificate shall be deposited with the consular and
health authorities of Djeddah and Yambo, where the agents and cap-
tains of vessels can examine them.
Pilgrims other than Egyptians, such as Turks, Russians, Persians,
Tunisians, Algerians, Moroccans, etc., can not be landed in an
Egyptian port after leaving Tor. Consequently, navigation agents
and captains are warned that the transshipment of pilgrims not resi-
dents of Egypt at Tor, Suez, Port Said, or Alexandria is forbidden.
Vessels having pilgrims on board who belong to the nationalities
mentioned in the foregoing paragraph shall be subject to the rules
applicable to these pilgrims and shall not be received in any Egyptian
port of the Mediterranean.
• Art. 132. Before being granted pratique, Egyptian pilgrims shall
undergo an abservation of three days and a medical examination at
Tor, Souakim, or any other station designated by the Board of
Health of Egypt.
Art. 133. If plague or cholera is known to exist in Hedjaz or in

the port from which the vessel hails, or if it has existed in Hedjaz
•luring the course of the pilgrimage, the vessel shall be subjected at
Tor to the rules adopted at Camaran for infected vessels.
The persons stricken with plague or cholera shall be landed and
isolated in the hospitals. The other passengers shall be landed and
isolated in groups composed of as few persons as possible, so that the
whole number may not be infected by a particular group if the
plague or cholera should develop therein.
The soiled linen, wearing apparel, and clothing of the crew and
passengers, as well as the baggage and cargo suspected of contamina-
tion shall be landed and disinfected. Their disinfection as well as
that of the vessel shall be thorough.
However, the local health authority may decide that the unloading
of the heavy baggage and the cargo is not necessary, and that only
a part of the vessel need undergo disinfection.
The measures provided in articles 22 and 25 shall be applied with
regard to the rats which may be found on board.
All the pilgrims shall be subjected to an observation of seven full
days from the day on which the disinfecting operations are com-
pleted, whether it be a question of plague or of cholera. If a case
of plague or cholera has appeared in one section, the period of seven
days shall not begin for this section until the day on which the last
case was discovered.
Art. 134. In the case contemplated in the preceding article, the
Egypian pilgrims shall be subjected, besides, to an additional obser-
vation of three days.
Art. 135. If plague or cholera is not known to exist either in
Hedjaz or in the port from which the vessel hails, and has not been
known to exist in Hedjaz during the course of the pilgrimage, the
vessel shall be subjected at Tor to the rules adopted at Camaran for
uninfected vessels.
The pilgrims shall be landed and take a shower or sea bath, and
their soiled linen or the part of their wearing apparel and baggage
which may appear suspicious in the opinion of the health authority
shall be disinfected. The duration of these operations, including
the debarkation and embarkation, shall not exceed seventy-two hours.
However, a pilgrim ship belonging to one of the nations which
have adhered to the stipulations of the present and the previous
conventions, if it has had no plague or cholera patients during the
course of the voyage from Djeddah to Yambo or Tor and if the
individual medical examination made at Tor after debarkation estab-
lishes the fact that it contains no such patients, may be authorized
by the Board of Health of Egypt to pass through the Suez Canal
in quarantine even at night when the following four conditions are
fulfilled:
1. Medical attendance shall be given on board bv one or several
physicians commissioned by the governments to which the vessel
belongs.
2. The vessel shall be provided with disinfecting chambers and it
shall be ascertained that the soiled linen has been disinfected dur-
ing the course of the voyage.
3. It shall be shown that the number of pilgrims does not exceed
that authorized by the pilgrimage regulations.
4. The captain shall bind himself to repair directly to a port of
the country to which the vessel belongs.
The medical examination shall be made as soon as possible after
debarkation at Tor.
The sanitary tax to be paid to the quarantine administration shall
be the same as the pilgrims would have paid had they remained
in quarantine three days.
Art. 136. A vessel which has had a suspicious case on board dur-
ing the voyage from Tor to Suez shall be sent back to Tor.
Art. 137. The transshipment of pilgrims is strictly forbidden in
Egyptian ports.
Art. 138. Vessels leaving Hedjaz and having on board pilgrims
who are bound for a port on the African shore of the Red Sea shall
be authorized to proceed directly to Souakim or to such other place
as the Board of Health of Alexandria may determine, where they
shall submit to the same quarantine procedure as at Tor.
Art. 139. Vessels sailing from ITedjaz or from a port on the Ara-
bian coast of the Red Sea with a clean bill of health, having no pil-
grims or similar groups of people on board, and which have had no
suspicious occurrence during the voyage, shall be granted pratique
at Suez after a favorable medical inspection.
Art. 140. When plague or cholera shall have been proven to exist
in Hedjaz:
1. Caravans composed of Egyptian pilgrims shall, before going
to Egypt, undergo at Tor a rigid quarantine of seven days in case
of cholera or plague. They shall then undergo an observation of
three days at Tor, after which they shall not be granted pratique
until a favorable medical inspection has been made and their belong-
ings have been disinfected.
2. Caravans composed of foreign pilgrims who are about to return
to their homes by land routes shall be subjected to the same measures
as the Egyptian caravans and shall be accompanied by sanitary
guards to the edge of the desert.
Art. 141. When plague or cholera has not been observed in Hedjaz,
the caravans of pilgrims coming from Hedjaz by way of Akaba or
Moila shall, upon their arrival at the canal or at Nakhel, be sub-
jected to a medical examination and their soiled linen and wearing
apparel shall be disinfected.
R. PILGRIMS RETURNING SOUTHWARD.
Art. 142. Sufficiently complete sanitary arrangements shall be in-

stalled in the ports of embarkation of Hedjaz in order to render
possible the application to pilgrims who have to travel southward
in order to return to their homes, of the measures which are obliga-
tory by virtue of articles 10 and 54 at the moment of departure of
these pilgrims in the ports situated beyond the Straits of Bab-el-
Mandeb.
The application of these measures is optional; that is, they are only
to be applied in those cases in which the consular officer of the coun-
try to which the pilgrim belongs, or the physician of the vessel on
which he is about to embark, deems them necessary.
36 international sanitary convention.
Chapter III. Penalties.

Art. 143. Every captain convicted of not having conformed, in
the distribution of water, provisions, or fuel, to the obligations as-
sumed by him, shall be liable to a fine of two Turkish pounds. 1 This
fine shall be collected for the benefit of the pilgrim who shall have
been the victim of the default, and who shall prove that he has vainly
demanded the execution of the agreement made.
Art. 144. Every infraction of article 101 shall be punished by a
fine of thirty Turkish pounds.
Art. 145. Every captain who has committed or knowingly per-
mitted any fraud whatever concerning the list of pilgrims or the
bill of health provided for in article 107 shall be liable to a fine of
fifty Turkish pounds.
Art. 146. Every captain of a vessel arriving without a bill of
health from the port of departure, or without a vise from the ports
of call, or who is not provided with the list required by the regula-
tions and regularly kept in accordance with articles 107, 120, and 121,
shall be liable in each case to a fine of twelve Turkish pounds.
Art. 147. Every captain convicted of having or having had on
board more than 100 pilgrims without the presence of a commis-
sioned physician in conformity with the provisions of article 100
shall be liable to a fine of thirty Turkish pounds.
Art. 148. Every captain convicted of having or having had on
board a greater number of pilgrims than that which he is authorized
to embark in conformity with the provisions of article 107 shall be
liable to a fine of five Turkish pounds for each pilgrim in excess.
The pilgrims in excess of the regular number shall be landed at the
first station at which a competent authority resides, and the captain
shall be obliged to furnish the landed pilgrims with the money neces-
sary to pursue their voyage to their destination.
Art. 149. Every captain convicted of having landed pilgrims at a
place other than their destination, except with their consent or ex-
cepting cases of vis major shall be liable to a fine of twenty Turkish
,
pounds for each pilgrim wrongfully landed.

Art. 150. All other infractions of the provisions relative to pilgrim
ships are punishable bv a fine of from 10 to 100 Turkish pounds.
Art. 151. Every violation proven in the course of a voyage shall be
noted on the bill of health as well as on the list of pilgrims. The
competent authority shall draw up a report thereof and deliver it to
the proper party.
Art. 152. All agents called upon to assist in the execution of the
provisions of the present Convention with regard to pilgrim ships are
liable to punishment in conformity with the laws of their respective
countries in case of faults committed by them in the application of
the said provisions.
Title IV. Surveillance and Execution.
T. SANITARY, MARITIME, AND QUARANTINE BOARD OF EGYPT.
Art. 153. The stipulations of Appendix III of the Sanitary Con-

vention of Venice of January 30, 1892, concerning the composition,
rights and duties, and operation of the Sanitary, Maritime, and
1 The Turkish pound is worth 22 francs and 50 centimes.
Quarantine Board of Egypt, are confirmed as they appear in the
decrees of His Highness the Khedive under date of June 19, 1893,
and December 25, 1894, as well as in the ministerial decision of June
19, 1893.
The said decrees and decision are annexed to the present conven-
tion. (Appendix II.)
Art. 154. The ordinary expenses resulting from the provisions of
the present convention, especially those relating to the increase of the
personnel belonging to the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine
Board of Egypt, shall be covered by means of an annual supple-
mentary payment by the Egyptian Government of the sum of 4,000
Egyptian pounds, which may be taken from the surplus revenues
from the lighthouse service remaining at the disposal of said Gov-
ernment. '
However, the proceeds of a supplementary quarantine tax of ten

tariff dollars per pilgrim to be collected at Tor shall be deducted from
this sum.
In case the Egyptian Government should find difficulty in bearing
this share of the expenses, the Powers represented in the Board of
Health shall reach an understanding with the Khedival Government
in order to insure the participation of the latter in the expenses
contemplated.
Art. 155. The Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board of Egypt
shall undertake the task of bringing the provisions of the present
convention into conformity with the regulations at present enforced
by it in regard to the plague, cholera, and yellow fever, as well as
with the regulations relative to arrivals from the Arabian ports of
the Red Sea during the pilgrim season.
To the same end it shall, if necessary, revise the general regulations
of the sanitary, maritime, and quarantine police at present in force.
These regulations, in order to become effective, must be accepted
by the various Powers represented on the Board.
II. THE INTERNATIONAL HEALTH HOARD OF TANGIER.
Art. 156. Tn the interest of public health, the High Contracting

Parties agree that their representatives in Morocco shall again invite
the attention of the International Health Board of Tangier to the
necessity of enforcing the provisions of the sanitary conventions.
III. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.
Art. 157. The proceeds from the sanitary taxes and fines shall in
no case be employed for objects other than those within the scope of
the Boards of Health.
Art. 158. The High Contracting Parties agree to have a set of
instructions prepared bv their health departments for the purpose of
enabling captains of vessels, especially when there is no physician on
board, to enforce the provisions contained in the present convention
with regard to plague, cholera, and yellow fever.
Title V. Adhesions and Ratifications.
Airr. 159. The Governments which have not signed the present con-
vention shall be permitted to adhere thereto upon request. Notice of
38 international sanitary
convention.
this adhesion shall be given through diplomatic channels to the Gov-

ernment of the French Republic and by the latter to the other sig-
natory governments.
Art. 160. The present "convention shall be ratified and the ratifica-
tions thereof deposited at Paris as soon as possible.
It shall be enforced as soon as it shall have been proclaimed in con-
formity with the legislation of the signatory nations. In the re-
spective relations of the Powers which have ratified it, it shall super-
sede the international sanitary conventions signed January 30, 1892;
April 15, 1893; April 3, 1891; March 19, 1397; and December 3,1903.
The previous arrangements enumerated above shall remain in
force with regard to the Powers which, having signed or adhered to
them, may not ratify or accede to the present act.
In witness whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed
the present convention and affixed thereto their seals.
Done at Paris on January 17, 1912, in a single copy which shall
remain deposited in the archives of the Government of the French
Republic, and of which certified copies shall be transmitted through
diplomatic channels to the Contracting Powers.
[l. s.] Signed: Frhrr von Stein.
| l. s.] Signed: Dr. Gaffky.
[l. s.] Signed: A. Bailly-Blanchard.
[ l. s.] Signed: Francisco de Veyga.
I l. s.] Signed: Ezequiel Castilla.
[l. s.] Signed: Gagern.
[ l. s. j Signed: Haberler.
j l. s.] Signed: Worms.
j l. s.] Signed: Bolcs.
[l. s. j Signed: Muller.
[l. s.] Signed: (). Velglie.
[l. s.] Signed: Dr. Van Ermengem.

("l. s.] Signed: Ismael Montes.
[l. s.] Signed: Dr. Ciiervin.
[l. s.] Signed: I)r. Figueiredo de Vasconcellos.
[l. s.] Signed: Stancioff.
[l. s.j Signed: Dr. G. Chichcoff.
[l. s. j Signed: F. Puga Borne.
[l. s.] Signed: J. E. Manrique.
j l. s.] Signed: I)r. A. Alvarez Canas.
j l. s.] Signed: Tomas Collazo.
| l. s. j Signed: F. Raventlow.
j l. s.] Signed: Victor M. Rendon.
|l. s.] Signed: E. Dorn y de Alsua.
|"l. s.] Signed: F. De Reynoso.
|"l. s.] Signed: Angel Pulido.
("l. s.] Signed: Camille Barrere.
[l. s.] Signed: Gavarry.
[l. s.] Signed: Dr. E. Roux.
[l. s.] Signed: Mirman.
[l. s.] Signed: Dr. A. Calmette.
[l. s. j Signed : Er. Ronssin.
[ l. s.] Signed : Harismendy.
("l. s.] Signed : Paul Roux.
j l. s.] Signed : Lancelot D. Carnegie.
international sanitary convention. 39
[l. s.] Signed: Ralph W. Johnstone.
j l. s.J Signed: Benjamin Franklin.
| l. s. | Signed : I).Caclamanos.
| l. s.] Signed : M. Lardizabal.
,T.
j l. s.J Signed : Dr. Casseus.
| l. s.] Signed : Desire Pector.
j l. s.J Signed : Rocco Santoloquido.
j l. s.] Signed : Adolfo Cotta.
j l. s.J Signed : Bastin.
j l. s.] Signed : Dr. Praum.
j l. s.] Signed : Miguel Zttniga y Azcarate.
fu. s.J Signed: Brunet.
j l. s.] Signed : Dr. E. Binet.
| l. s. j Signed : F. Wedel Jarlsberg.
j l. s. j Signed: J. A. Jimenez.
|l. s.l Signed: Dil W. P. Ruyscii.
[A. s. j Signed: Dr. C. Winkler.
[A. s.J Signed: M. Samar.
rL. s. 1 Signed: Antonio Augusto Gonqalves Braga.
j l. s.] Signed : Alexandre Em. Lahovary.
[A. s.J Signed: Platon de Waxel.
|A. s.] Signed: Nicolas Freyberg.
[ l. s. j Signed : Dr. S. Letona.
|A. s.J Signed: Mil. R. Vesnitch.
[A. s.] Signed: Dr. Manaud.
I-l. s.l Signed: Gyldenstolpe.
|A. s.J Signed: Lardy.
|A. s.] Signed: Missak.
|"l. s.] Signed: Y. Saddik.
[A. s.] Signed: Louis Piera.
I certify that the foregoing is a true copy.
R. Poincare,
President of the Council ,
Minister of Foreign Affairs of the French Republic.
APPENDICES.
Appendix I.
(See Art. 82.)
Regulations concerning the passage, in quarantine trains through,

Egyptian territory of travelers and mail hags coming from con-
,
taminated countries.
Art. 1. If an Egyptian Railroad Administration desires a quaran-
tine train to connect with vessels arriving from contaminated ports,
it shall notify the local quarantine authority at least two hours be-
fore departure.
Art. 2. The passengers shall land at the place indicated by the
quarantine authority, with the consent of the Railroad Administra-
tion and the Egyptian Government, and shall pass directly and with-
out any communication from the vessel to the train, under the super-
vision of a transit officer and of two or more sanitary guards.
Art. 3. The personal effects, baggage, etc., of the "passengers shall
be transported in quarantine with the means at the disposal of the
vessel.
Art. 4. The agents of the railroad shall be obliged to obey the or-
ders of the transit officer as regards the quarantine measures.
Art. 5. The cars assigned to this service shall be longitudinal-aisle
cars. A sanitary guard shall be placed in each car and shall have
supervision over the passengers. The agents of the railroad shall
have no communication with the passengers.
A physician of the quarantine service shall accompany the train.
Art. 6. The heavy baggage of the passengers shall be placed in a
special car to be sealed at the departure of the train by the transit
officer. Upon arrival, the seals shall be withdrawn by the transit
officer.
Any transshipment or embarkation during the trip shall be pro-
hibited.
Art. 7. The closets shall be provided with cans containing a cer-
tain quantity of antiseptic for receiving the dejections of the pas-
sengers.
Art. 8. The platforms of the stations where the train is obliged to
stop shall be completely vacated, except by such agents of the service
as are absolutely indispensable.
Art. 9. Each train may have a dining car. The leavings of the
tables shall be destroyed. The employees of this car as well as the
other employees of the railroad who have for any reason come in con-
tact with the passengers shall be subjected to the same treatment as
the pilots and electricians at Port Said and Suez or to such measures
as the Board may deem necessary.
Art. 10. The passengers shall be absolutely prohibited from throw-
ing anything out of the windows, doors, etc.
Art. 11. In each train an infirmary compartment shall remain
empty in order that any persons falling ill may be isolated therein.
This compartment shall be arranged according to the directions of
the Quarantine Board.
If a case of plague or cholera should appear among the passengers,
the patient shall be immediately isolated in the special compartment.
Upon the arrival of the train this patient shall be transferred at once
to the quarantine lazaretto. The other passengers shall continue their
voyage in quarantine.
Art. 12. If a case of plague or cholera should appear during the
trip, the train shall be disinfected by the quarantine authority.
At all events, the cars which have contained the baggage and the
mails shall be disinfected immediately after the arrival of the train.
Art. 13. The transshipment from the train to the boat shall be ac-
complished in the same way as at arrival. The boat receiving the
passengers shall be immediately placed in quarantine and mention
shall be made on the bill of health of the accidents which may have
occurred en route, those persons who may have been in contact with
the patients being specially designated.
Art. 14. The expenses incurred by the quarantine administration
shall be borne by the party asking for the quarantine.
Art. 15. The President of the Board, or his substitute, shall have a
right to watch over the train during its whole trip.
The President may, moreover, set a superior employee (besides the
transit officer and the guards) to watch over said train.
This employee shall have access to the train upon mere presenta-
tion of an order signed by the President.
Appendix IT.
(See Art. 153.)
Khediral decree of June 19 1893.

,
We, Khedive of Egypt, on the recommendation of Our Minister

of the Interior, with the advice and consent of our Cabinet, and con-
sidering that it is necessary to introduce various amendments in our
decree of January 3, 1881 (2 Safer 1298), decree:
Art. 1. The Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board shall de-
cide on the measures to be taken to prevent the introduction into
Egypt, or the transmission to foreign countries, of epidemic diseases
and epizootics.
The number of Egyptian delegates shall be reduced to four, as
follows:
1. The President of the Board, appointed bv the Egyptian Gov-
ernment and to vote only in case of a tie.
2. A European doctor of medicine. Inspector General of the Sani-
tary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service.
3. The Sanitary Inspector of the city of Alexandria, or whoever
acts in that capacity.
4. The Veterinary Inspector of the Administration of sanitary
services and public hygiene.
All the Delegates must be physicians holding a regular diploma,
granted either by a European faculty of medicine or by the Govern-
ment, or be regularly appointed officials in actual service, of the
grade of vice consul at least, or of an equivalent grade. This pro-
vision is not applicable to the present incumbents.
Art. 3. The Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board shall exer-
cise permanent supervision over the sanitary condition of Egypt and
over arrivals from foreign countries.
Art. 4. As regards Egypt, the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine
Board shall receive each week, from the Board of Health and Public
Hygiene, the sanitary bulletins of the cities of Cairo and Alexandria,
and each month the sanitary bulletins of the provinces. These
bulletins shall be transmitted at shorter intervals when, owing to
special circumstances, the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board
so requests.
On its part, the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board shall
communicate to the Board of Health and Public Hygiene any
decisions it may have reached and any information it may have
received from abroad.
The Governments shall address to the Board, if they deem proper,
the sanitary bulletin of their country, and shall notify it of epi-
demics and epizootics as soon as they appear.
Art. 5. The Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board shall as-

certain the sanitary condition of the country and send inspecting
boards wherever it may deem necessary.
The Board of Health and Public Hygiene shall be notified of the
dispatch of these boards and shall endeavor to facilitate the per-
formance of their mission.
Art. 6. The Board shall adopt preventive measures for the purpose
of preventing the introduction of epidemics and epizootics into
Egypt via the maritime or desert frontiers, and it shall determine the
points at which temporary camps and permanent quarantine estab-
lishments are to be located.
Art. 7. It shall draft the note to be written on the bill of health
issued by the health offices to departing vessels.
Art. 8. In case of the appearance of epidemics or epizootics in
Egypt, it shall adopt preventive measures with the object of pre-
venting the transmission of these diseases to foreign countries.
Art. 9. The Board shall supervise and control the execution of
the quarantine sanitary measures which it has adopted.
It shall draft all regulations relating to the quarantine service
and see to their strict enforcement both with regard to protecting the
country and to maintaining the guarantees stipulated by interna-
tional sanitary conventions.
Art. 10. It shall regulate, from a sanitary standpoint, the con-
ditions under which pilgrims going to and returning from Hedjaz
are to be transported, and watch over their state of health during
pilgrimage.
Art. 11. The decisions reached by the Sanitary, Maritime, and
Quarantine Board shall be communicated to the Ministry of the
Interior; they shall also be made known to the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, which shall notify them, if necessary, to the agencies and
consulates general.
However, the President of the Board shall be authorized to cor-
respond directly with the consular authorities of maritime cities
in current matters connected with the service.
Art. 12. The President, and, in case of his absence or impediment,
the Inspector General of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine
Service, shall see to the enforcement of the decisions of the Board.
For this purpose he shall correspond directly with all the agents
of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service and with the
various authorities of the countries. He shall, with the advice of
the Board, direct the sanitary police of the ports, the maritime
quarantine establishments, and the quarantine stations of the desert.
Finally, he shall transact current business.
Art. 13. The sanitary inspector general, the directors of sanitary
offices, and the physicians of sanitarj stations and quarantine camps
must be selected from among physicians regularly diplomaed either
by a European faculty of medicine or by the Government.
The delegate of the Board at Djeddah may be a diplomaed physi-
cian of Cairo.
Art. 14. The Board shall designate its candidates through its
President to the Minister of the Interior for all offices and positions
under the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service, said Minis-
ter alone having a right to appoint them.
The same course shall be followed in regard to dismissals, trans-
fers, and promotions.
However, the President shall have the direct appointment of all
the subaltern agents, laborers, servants, etc.
The appointment of the sanitary guards shall be reserved to the
Board.
Art. 15. The number of directors of sanitary offices shall be seven,
their residence being at Alexandria, Damietta, Port Said, Suez, Tor,
Souakim, and Kosseir.
The sanitary office of Tor may operate only during the continuance
of the pilgrimage or in time of epidemic.
Art. 16. The directors of the sanitary offices shall have under their
orders all the sanitary employees of their district. They shall be
responsible for the proper performance of the service.
Art. 17. The chief of the sanitary agency of El Ariche shall have
the same powers and duties as those entrusted to the directors by
the foregoing article.
Art. 18. The directors of the sanitary stations and quarantine
camps shall have under their orders all the employees of the medical
and administrative service of the establishments under their
direction.
Art. 19. The sanitary inspector general shall have the supervision
over all the services under the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine
Board.
Art. 20. It shall be the mission of the delegate of the Sanitary,
Maritime, and Quarantine Board at Djeddah to furnish the Board
with information as to the sanitary condition of Hedjaz, especially
in time of pilgrimage.
Art. 21. A disciplinary committee composed of the President, the
Inspector General of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Serv-
ice, and the three delegates elected by the Board, shall be intrusted
with an examination of the complaints lodged against the agents
belonging to the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service.
It shall draw up a report on each case and submit it to the con-
sideration of the Board convened in general assembly. The delegates
shall bo renewed every year. They shall be reoligible.
The decision of the Board shall be submitted by its President to
the sanction of the Minister of the Interior.
The disciplinary committee may inflict, without consulting the
Board: 1) Censure and 2) suspension of pay up to one month.
Art. 22. The disciplinary penalties shall be:
1. Censure.
2. Suspension of pay from eight days to three months.
3. Transfer without indemnity.
4. Dismissal.
All without prejudice to any actions to be brought for common
law crimes or offenses.
Art. 23. Sanitary and quarantine dues shall be collected by the
agents belonging to the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service.
The latter shall conform, in regard to accounts and book keeping,
to the general regulations established bv the Ministry of Finance.
The accounting officers shall address their accounts and the pro-
ceeds of their collections to the President of the Board.
The accounting officer who is chief of the central bureau of ac-

counts shall acquit them over the visa of the President of the Board.
Art. 24. The Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board shall have
control over its own finances.
The administration of the receipts and expenses shall be intrusted
to a Committee composed of the President, the Inspector General of
the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service, and of three dele-
gates of the Powers elected by the Board. It shall be entitled Com-
“
mittee on Finances.” The three delegates of the Powers shall be

renewed every year. They shall be reeligible.
Subject to ratification by the Board, this Committee shall fix the
salary of the employees of every grade; it shall decide on the perma-
nent and the unforeseen expenses. Every three months, at a special
meeting, it shall make a detailed report on its management to the
Board. Within three months following the expiration of the bud-
getary year, the Board, upon the recommendation of the Committee,
shall strike a final balance and transmit it through its President to
the Ministry of the Interior.
The Board shall prepare the budget of its receipts and that of its
expenditures. This budget shall be adopted by the Cabinet, at the
same time as the general budget of the Government, as an annexed
budget. In case the expenditures should exceed the receipts, the
deficit shall be covered from the general resources of the Nation.
However, the Board shall without delay examine into the means of
balancing the receipts and expenditures. Its recommendations shall
be transmitted by the President to the Minister of the Interior. Any
surplus that may exist shall accrue to the treasury of the Sanitary,
Maritime, and Quarantine Board; it shall, after a decision is reached
by the Sanitary Board and ratified by the Cabinet, be devoted ex-
clusively to the creation of a reserve fund for use in emergencies.
Art. 25. The President shall be obliged to order voting done by
secret ballot whenever three members of the Board so request. Vot-
ing by secret ballot shall be compulsory whenever it is a question of
the choice of Delegates of the Powers to form part of the Disci-
plinary Committee or of the Committee on Finances and when it is
a question of appointing, dismissing, transferring, or promoting
employees.
Art. 26. The Governors, Prefects of Police, and Mudirs shall be
responsible, as far as concerns them, for the enforcement of the sani-
tary regulations. They, as well as the civil and military authorities,
shall give their assistance, whenever legally called upon bv the agents
of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service, in order to insure
the prompt enforcement of the measures taken in the interest of
public health.
Art. 27. All previous decrees and regulations are repealed as far
as contrary to the foregoing provisions.
Art. 28. Our Minister of the Interior is intrusted with the enforce-
ment of the present decree, which shall not be enforceable until
November 1, 1893.
Done in the Palace of Bamleh, June 19, 1893.
Abbas Hibmi.
By the Khedive:
Riaz,
Head of the Cabinet Minister
, of the Interior.
Khedlval decree of December 25, 1805-
We, Khedive of Egypt, on the recommendation of Our Minister of
Finance, with the advice and consent of our Cabinet, with the con-
sent of the Commissioner-Directors of the Public Debt Fund as re-
gards article 7, and with the consent of the Powers, decree:
Art. 1. Beginning with the iiscal year 1894, there shall be deducted
annually from the present receipts of lighthouse dues the sum of
40,000 pounds Egyptian, which shall be employed as explained in
the following articles.
Art. 2. The sum deducted in 1894 shall be used: 1) To cover any
deficit during the fiscal year 1894 of the Quarantine Board, in case
it has been impossible to entirely cover such deficit with the resources
derived from the reserve fund of said Board, as will be stated in the
following article; 2) to meet the extraordinary expenses necessitated
by the fitting up of the sanitary establishments of Tor, Suez, and
Me >ses Spring.
Art. 3. The present reserve fund of the Quarantine Board will be
used to cover the deficit of the fiscal year 1894, and it shall not be
reduced to an amount less than 10,000 pounds Egyptian.
If the deficit should not be fully covered, the remainder shall be
met with the resources created in article 1.
Art. 4. From the sum of 80,000 pounds Egyptian derived from the
fiscal years 1895 and 1896 there shall be deducted: 1) An amount
equal to that which has been'paid out in 1894 from the same receipts,
to be applied to the deficit of said year 1894, so as to bring up to
40,000 pounds Egyptian the sums allotted to the extraordinary works
provided for in article 1 for Tor, Suez, and Moses Spring; 2) the
sums necessary in order to cover the deficit of the budget of the
Quarantine Board for the fiscal years 1895 and 1896.
After the aforementioned deduction has been made, the surplus
shall be devoted to the construction of new lighthouses in the lied
Sea.
Art. 5. Beginning with the fiscal year 1897, this annual sum of
40,000 Egyptian pounds shall be used to cover possible deficits of the
Quarantine Board. The amount necessary for this purpose shall
be conclusively determined by taking as a basis the financial results
of the fiscal years 1894 and 1895 of the Board.
The surplus shall be devoted to a reduction in the lighthouse dues,
it being understood that these dues shall be reduced in the same pro-
portion in the Red Sea and the Mediterranean.
Art. 6. In consideration of the aforementioned deductions and
allotments the Government shall, beginning with 1894, be relieved
of any obligation in regard to the expenses, ordinary or extraordi-
nary, of the Quarantine Board.
It is understood, however, that the expenses borne hitherto by
the Egyptian Government shall continue to be borne by it.
Art. 7. Beginning with the fiscal year 1894, upon the settlement
of account of the excesses with the Public Debt Fund, the share of
these excesses due the Government shall be increased by an annual
sum of 20,000 pounds Egyptian.
Art. 8. It has been agreed between the Egyptian Government and
the Governments of Germany, Belgium. Great Britain, and Italy that
the sum allotted to a reduction of the lighthouse dues, in accordance
with article 5 to the present decree, shall be deducted from the sum
of 40,000 pounds Egyptian provided for in the letters annexed to
the Commercial Conventions concluded between Egypt and said
Governments.
Art. 9. Our Minister of Finance is charged with the enforcement
of the present decree.
Done at the Palace of Koubbeh, December 25, 1891.
Abbas Kilmi.
By the Khedive:
N. Nubar,
Head of the Cabinet.
Aiimer Mazloum,
Minister of Finance.
Boutros Ghali,
Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Ministerial decision of *Tune 19 1893 concerning the operation

, , of the
sanitary, maritime and quarantine service.
,
The Minister of the Interior, in view of the Decree of June 19,

1893, decides:
Title I. The Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board.
Art. 1. The President shall be obliged to convene the Sanitary,
Maritime, and Quarantine Board in regular session on the first
Tuesday of each month.
Pie shall likewise be obliged to convene it whenever three members
so request.
He shall, finally, convene the Board in extra session whenever cir-
cumstances demand the immediate adoption of an important measure.
Art. 2. The letter of convocation shall indicate the questions to
be considered. Except in cases of urgency, no final decisions shall
be made on any but questions mentioned in the letter of convocation.
Art. 3. The secretary of the Board shall prepare the minutes of
the meetings.
These minutes must be presented for signature to all the members
w ho have attended the meeting.
r
They shall be copied in full on a register which shall be preserved

in the archives concurrently with the original minutes.
A provisional copy of the minutes shall be delivered to any mem-
ber of the Board so requesting.
Art. 4. A Permanent Board composed of the President, Inspector
General of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service, and two
Delegates of the Powers elected by the Board, shall be charged with
making decisions and taking measures in urgent matters.
The Delegates of the Nation interested shall always be summoned
to attend, and shall be entitled to vote.
The President shall vote only in case of a tie.
The decisions shall be communicated at once by letter to all the
members of the Board.
This Board shall be renewed every‘three months.
Art. 5. The President, or, in his absence, the Inspector General of
the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Service, shall direct the de-
liberations of the Board, but shall vote only in case of a tie.
The President shall have general direction of the service. He
shall be charged with causing the enforcement of the decisions of
the Board.
SECRETARIAT.
Art. 7. The secretary of the Board, chief of the secretariat, shall

centralize the correspondence with the Ministry of the Interior
“ ”
and the various agents of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine

Service.
It shall he in charge of the statistics and archives. It shall have
added to it clerks and interpreters in sufficient number to attend to
the discharge of business.
Art. 7. The secretary of the Board, chief of the secretariat, shall
attend the meetings of the Board and prepare the minutes.
He shall have under his orders the employees and servants of the
secretariat.
Tie shall direct and supervise their work, under the authority of
the President.
He shall have custody of and be responsible for the archives.
BUREAU OF ACCOUNTS.
Art. 8. The chief of the central bureau of accounts shall be “the

accounting officer.”
He shall not be permitted to assume office until he has furnished
a bond the amount of which shall be fixed bv the Sanitary, Maritime,
and Quarantine Board.
He shall, under the direction of the Committee on Finance, super-
vise the operations of the employees whose duty it is to receive the
sanitary and quarantine dues.
Tie shall draw up the statements and accounts which are to be
transmitted to the Ministry of the Interior after being adopted by
the Committee on Finance and approved by the Board.
THE SANITARY INSPECTOR GENERAL.
Art. 0. The sanitary inspector general shall have supervision of

all the services under the Board. He shall exercise this supervision
under the conditions provided in article 19 of the Decree dated June
19, 1893.
Tie shall, at least once a year, inspect each of the sanitary offices,
agencies, or posts.
Besides, the President shall, upon the recommendation of the Coun-
cil and according to the needs of the service, determine the inspec-
tions which the Inspector General shall make.
In case of impediment of the Inspector General, the President
shall designate, with the consent of the Board, the official who is to
take his place.
Every time the Inspector General has visited an office, agency,
sanitary post, sanitary station, or quarantine camp, he shall give an
48 international sanitary convention.
account to the President of the Board, in a special report, of the

results of his inspection.
During the intervals between his rounds of inspection, the In-
spector General shall, under the authority of the President, take part
in the direction of the general service. He shall take the place of
the President in case of absence or impediment.
Title IT. —Service of Ports, Quarantine Stations, and Sanitary

Stations.
Art. 10. The sanitary, maritime, and quarantine policing along
the Egyptian coast of the Mediterranean and Red Seas, as well as
on the land frontiers, in the direction of the desert, shall be intrusted
to the directors of the health offices, the directors of sanitary stations
or quarantine camps, the chiefs of sanitary agencies or sanitary posts,
and the employees under their orders.
Art. 11. The directors of the health offices shall have the direction
of and be responsible for the service both of the office at the head of
which they are placed and of the sanitary posts thereunder.
They shall see to the strict enforcement of the regulations on sani-
tary, maritime, and quarantine police. They shall obey the instruc-
tions they receive from the President of the Board and shall give
the necessary orders and instructions to all the employees of their
office, as well as to the employees of the sanitary posts attached
thereto.
They shall be charged with the examination and speaking of ves-
sels and with the application of the Quarantine measures, and. in
the cases provided bv the regulations, they shall proceed to make
medical inspections and inquiries regarding violations of quaran-
tines.
In adminstrative matters they shall correspond only with the
President, to whom they shall transmit all sanitary information
which they gather while discharging their duties.
Art. 12. In regard to salary the directors of the health offices shall
be divided into two classes:
The first class offices, which are four in number, viz: Alexandria,
Port Said, Suez Basin and camp at Moses Spring, and Tor.
The second class offices, three in number, viz: Damietta, Souakim,
and Kosseir.
Art. 13/ The chiefs of the sanitary agencies shall have the same
duties and powers, as regards the agency, as the directors as regards
their office.
Art. 14. There shall be a single agency at El Ariche.
Art. 15. The chiefs of the sanitary posts shall have under their
orders the employees of the post which they are directing. They
shall be under the orders of the director of one of the health offices.
They shall not be permitted to issue any bill of health or author-
ized to vise any bills of health except those of vessels departing with
pratique.
They shall compel vessels arriving at their ports with a foul bill of
health or under irregular conditions to put into a port where there
is a health office.
INTERNATIONAL SANliARY CONVENTION. 49
They can not make sanitary inquests themselves, but they must
call upon the director of their office for this purpose.
Outside of cases of absolute urgency, they shall correspond only
with this director in all administrative matters. In urgent sanitary
and quarantine matters, such as the measures to be taken in regard
to an arriving vessel, or the annotation to be made on the bill of
health of a departing vessel, they shall correspond directly with the
President of the Board; but they must communicate this correspond-
ence to their director without delay.
They shall be obliged to give notice, by the quickest route, to the
President of the Board regarding shipwrecks of which they have
knowledge.
Art. 16. The sanitary posts shall be six in number, as follows:
Posts of Port Neuf, Aboukir. Brullos, and Rosetta, under the Alex-
andria office.
Posts of Kantara and of the inland port of Ismailia, under the
Port Said office.
The Board may create new sanitary posts, according to the needs
of the service and its resources.
Art. 17. The permanent or temporary service of the sanitary sta-
tions and quarantine camps shall be intrusted to directors having
under their orders sanitary employees, guards, porters, and servants.
Art. 18. It shall be the duty of the directors to compel persons
sent to the sanitary station or the camp to submit to quarantine.
They shall cooperate with the physicians in isolating the different
categories of quarantined persons and in preventing any jeopardiza-
tion. Upon the expiration of the period fixed, they shall grant or
withhold pratique in accordance with the regulations, cause mer-
chandise and wearing apparel to be disinfected, and apply quaran-
tine to the persons employed in this operation.
Art. 19. They shall exercise constant supervision over the execu-
tion of the measures prescribed, as well as over the state of health of
the quarantined persons and the employees of the establishment.
Art. 20. They shall be responsible for the progress of the service
and shall give an account thereof, in a daily report, to the President
of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board.
Art. 21. The physicians attached to the sanitary stations and
quarantine camps shall be under the directors of these establish-
ments. They shall have the druggists and hospital attendants under
their orders.
They shall watch over the state of health of the quarantined per-
sons and of the employees, and shall direct the infirmary of the sani-
tary station or of the camp.
Pratique shall not be granted to persons in quarantine until an
inspection and favorable report have been made by the physician.
Art. 22. In each sanitary office, sanitary station, or quarantine
camp, the director shall also be accounting officer.”
“
lie shall, under his own actual personal responsibility, designate

the employee to be in charge of the receipt of the sanitary and quar-
antine dues.
The chiefs of sanitary agencies or posts shall also be accounting
officers, and shall be personally charged with collecting the dues.
The agents charged with the collection of the dues must conform,
as regards the guarantees to be given, the keeping of the documents,
the time of payments, and in general everything relating to the finan-
cial part of their service, to the regulations issued by the Ministry of
Finance.
Art. 23. The expenses of the Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine
Service shall be defrayed with the means at the disposal of the Board
itself, or, with the consent of the Ministry of Finance, from such
fund as the latter may designate.
Cairo, June 19, 1893.
Kiaz.

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'

62n Congress, CONFIDENTIAL. Executive

, INTERNATIONAL SANITARY CONVENTION.

PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES,

A CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER

contained in article 9 thereof .shall be understood or construed as

ing contained in article 9 thereof shall be understood or construed

regulations promulgated bv your department are in violation of

II is Majesty the Emperor of Germany, King of Prussia, in the

Baron Caiman von Muller, Doctor of Medicine, Ministerial Coun-

Foreign Affairs. Officer of the National Order of the Legion of

Mr. Louis Brunet, Consul General of Montenegro at Paris;

potentiary to the President of the French Republic,

Title I. General Provisions.

Chapter I. Rules to be observed by the eountries signing the Con-

Art. 1. Each Government shall immediately notify the other Gov-

therefore be too strongly recommended to the various Governments

Art. 7. The notification of a single case of plague, cholera, or yel-

Art. 10. The competent authority shall be obliged to take effective

Art. 11. The Government of each country shall be obliged to im-

Art. 12. No merchandise is capable by itself of transmitting

Packages left by soldiers and sailors and returned to their coun-

Art. 21. A vessel is considered as infected which has plague,

at a sanitary station, before they are granted pratique.

or of the servants on board the vessel, including stewards, waiters, “

caredji,” etc. The

5. The parts of the vessel which have been occupied by persons

Art. 27. Vessels infected with cholera shall be subjected to the

It may be forbidden to let run or throw human dejections or the

Art. 30. Vessels infected with yellow fever shall be subjected to

Art. 34. In applying the measures set forth in articles 22 to 33,

Art. 45. No land quarantines shall be established.

Title IT. Special Provisions Applicable to Oriental and Far

SECTION I. MEASURES IN PORTS CONTAMINATED UPON THE DEPARTURE OF

SECTION II. MEASURES WITH RESPECT TO ORDINARY VESSELS HAILING FROM

Art. 55. Ordinary uninfected vessels hailing from a plague or

Art. 58. Independently of the general provisions contained in

A disinfecting chamber placed on a lighter may come alongside the

Art. 62. If plague or cholera prevails in Hedjaz during the time

SECTION IV. ORGANIZATION OF SURVEILLANCE AND DISINFECTION AT SUEZ

Art. 0)3. 'The medical inspection prescribed by the regulations shall

After their competence has been ascertained by the Board, the

SECTION V. PASSAGE THROUGH THE SUEZ CANAL IN QUARANTINE.

The sanitary physicians should ascertain the presence of these

Art. 82. The Sanitary, Maritime, and Quarantine Board of Egypt

Art. 83. The sanitary regulation established by the articles of the

Chapter I. General provisions.

SECTION II. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN BEFORE DEPARTURE.

Art. 104. At least three clays before departure the captain, or in

The competent authority is at present: In British India, an officer designated for

SECTION IV. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN ON THE ARRIVAL OF PILGRIMS IN THE

A. SANITARY MEASURES APPLICABLE TO MUSULMAN-PILGRIM SHIPS HAILING FROM

Art. 124. Suspicious vessels on board of which there were cases of

R. SANITARY MEASURES APPLICABLE TO MUSUI.MAN-P1I.GR1 M SHIPS HAILING FROM

Art. 127. If plague or cholera is not known to exist in the port

SECTION V. MEASURES TO BE TAKEN UPON THE RETURN OF PILGRIMS.

A. PILGRIM SHIPS RETURNING NORTHWARD.

Art. 133. If plague or cholera is known to exist in Hedjaz or in