Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

In this time of pandemic, we spent our time hanging in our homes and house

which led us discovering different kind of hobby and one of them was cooking and

especially eating snacks and foods. One of the snacks that we ate for the last 2 years was

chips, we all know that any kind of chips can never be wrong because who else don’t

appreciate the crunch, sweetness and the flavor in each bite.

A product Caramelized apple chips, is a sweetened chips typically eaten as a

snack or dessert. This alternative food may be catch up the attention of a costumers due

to the uniqueness of the product, specially to a costumer who really new about this

product, and it might be profitable for the business because of the benefits that this

product has. Moreover, this caramelized apple chips will take long to keep after around

two weeks, assuming that the storage and food conditions are optimal.

According to Enchanted Learning, George Crum invented the chip in 1853. Crum

worked as a Native American/African American cook at the Moon Lake Lodge resort in

Saratoga Springs, New York, USA, where French fries were popular. One day, a diner

complained that the fries were too thick. Despite Crum's efforts to make a thinner batch,

the buyer was still dissatisfied. Crum eventually created fries that were too thin to eat

with a fork in order to irritate the exceedingly picky client. Surprisingly, the customer

was pleased and chips were created.

 2

As stated in national geographic, Apples, taxonomic-ally, are members of

Rosaceae, the Rose family, along with such other yummy edibles as pears, plums,

peaches, cherries, strawberries, and raspberries. DNA analysis indicates that apples

originated in the mountains of Kazakhstan, where the wild Malus sieversii—the many-

times great-grandparent of Malus domestica, the modern domesticated apple—still

flourishes.

We want to explore so that our product isn't excessively sweet or boring, which is

what we're trying to do by balancing the sweetness of our snack and making it simple yet

strong. Apples are a nutrient-dense fruit with several health advantages. They include a

lot of protein and antioxidants. Consuming them has been associated with a decreased

risk of a variety of severe diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. Apples

may also help with weight loss and digestive and cognitive performance. Furthermore,

we chose apples to manufacture chips so that people can realize that a fruit like apples

can also be a good convenience, particularly for those who prefer to explore something

new. With a caramelized flavor on, they’re quick and delicious. You may prepare them

simply or with sweet flavorings., our product may produce a great viability product if it is

effectively maintained and managed.

We have come up with a product that may be similar to what the market has, but

has a unique characteristic. Our caramelized apple chips were made with sugar and

cinnamon unlike what the market has which is dried apples only.

Hypothesis of the Study

The caramelized apple chips with cinnamon in Camiling, Tarlac is not marketable.
 3

General Objectives

This study intends to simulate a small-scale business through online platforms

such as Facebook, twitter, and Instagram. It generates a nutritionally balanced snack for a

healthy option, as well as a tangible product created by apple-made chips with

caramelized flavor. The caramelized apple chips that the researchers are seeking to make

are not only for youngsters, but also for adults.

Specific Objectives

This research was conducted to obtain relevant data on studying the marketability

of caramelized apple chips.

To be specific, this study attempts to find answer(s) to the following:

1. To describe the product in terms of:

1.1 aroma:

1.2 taste;

1.3 texture;

1.4 packaging; and

1.5 price.

2. To determine the marketability of the products in terms of:

2.1 income and expenses; and

2.2 marketing strategy

2.3 costumer’s satisfaction.

 4

Significance of the Study

This study was conducted to identify the effectiveness and marketability of the

caramelized apple chips.

This section would provide a brief description in various significance of the study

given.

To the Entrepreneur, this study, the Tangible Product created by producing

Apple-made snack chips with Caramelized flavor, will help the entrepreneur to have an

idea on making a product for their business. They can also use this research as a reference.

To the Consumer, this study, the Tangible Product created by producing Apple-

made snack chips with Caramelized flavor, will help to know what the perception of the

consumers are and what are the variables to consider for them to not regret their purchase.

To the Future Researchers, the thoughts introduced might be utilized as

inclination information in directing new researcher or in testing he legitimacy of other

related discoveries.

Scope and Limitation

This study focuses on the Marketability of Caramelized Apple Chips with

cinnamon in Camiling, Tarlac. It also focusesd on determining the product's ability to

become marketable in the field of online selling business in Camiling, Tarlac. This study

did not cover other products that are not considered part of the study, caramelized apple

chips. Through this, the researchers had able to know the product and how it could be

profitable when it starts to sell online. There were fifty respondents who we asked to fill
 5

out our survey questionnaire. They were the same people who bought our product and

tasted it.

Definition of Terms

Apple. An apple is a sweet, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (Malus

domestic). In France, it is the most consumed edible fruit and the third in the planet.

Apple was the main ingredient of our product it was also the most important one.

Aroma. A distinctive, pervasive, and usually pleasant or savory smell. It is

a strong, pleasant smell, usually from food or drink.

Chips. A chip (American English and Australian English) or crisp (British

English) is a snack food in the form of a crisp, flat or slightly bowl shaped, bite-sized unit.

It is a thin sliced apple that is deeply fried in oil which has a crispy and crunchy outcome.

Cinnamon. Cinnamon is a spice that is made from the inner bark of trees

scientifically known as Cinnamomum. It has been used as an ingredient throughout

history, dating back as far as Ancient Egypt. We used cinnamon as a spice to add a

unique flavor and aroma to our product.

Customer Satisfaction. It is defined as a measurement that determines how

happy customers are with a company’s products, services, and capabilities. is influenced

by the perceived quality of product and service attributes and is moderated by

expectations of the product or service.

Expenses. It is the cost of operations that a company incurs to generate revenues.

 6

Income. A gain or recurrent benefit usually measured in money that derives from

capital or labor. Income is the businesses receive in exchange for selling their goods or

services for a price that exceeds their cost of production.

Marketability. It is a measure of whether a product will appeal to buyers and sell

at a certain price range to generate a profit. It is the quality of being easy to sell because a

lot of people want them.

Packaging. It is the design of such a box or wrapping.

So, with reference to its ability to attract customers. It is an appearance that presents in an

attractive way.

Price. A good's price is influenced by production costs, supply of the desired item,

and demand for the product. It is the amount of money charged for a product or a service.

Taste. The quality of something can be decided by touch; the degree to which

something is rough or smooth, or soft or hard. It is the physical feel of something smooth,

rough, fuzzy, slimy, and lots of textures, something in between. It is the physical feel of

something smooth, rough, fuzzy, slimy, and lots of textures, something in between.

Texture. The sense by which the flavor or savor of things is perceived when they

are brought into contact with the tongue. It is the flavor of something, or the ability of

a person or animal to recognize different flavors.

Total of Evaluation. In this study, it was used to evaluate the marketability of the

Apple Chips. It is the process of giving points on the different aspects of the product by
 7

the respondents. The following groups mean ratings and their corresponding

interpretation will be used to describe the product with the 5-Point Hedonic Scale.

Scale Range of Mean Verbal Description

5 4.51-5.00 Excellent

4 3.51-4.50 Very Good

3 2.51-3.50 Satisfactory

2 1.51-2.50 Fair

1 1.00-1.50 Poor

Paradigm of the Study

Input Processing Output

Ingredients:
For the chips
Apples Preparing
Cleaning Caramelized
Apple Chips
For the flavoring Slicing
White sugar/ Sun Drying &
Powdered sugar and Air Drying
Cinnamon powder
Frying
Coating
Equipment/Materials
Packaging
Mandoline Slicer, Air
flyer, Knife, Plates,
and Chopping board
 8

Figure 1. IPO of the Study

Figure 1 shows the three procedures that must be completed in order to make

apple-made caramelized snack chips. It demonstrates the input, process, and output (IPO)

paradigm, wherein the input represents the ingredients and materials or equipment

utilized in the production of the product. The components for slicing the apple are shown

in the processing, which includes the apple's slicing into thin apple chips forms as well as

coating in white sugar and cinnamon powder. It also illustrates the ingredients used, as

well as the equipment and materials used during the making of caramelized apple chips.

Furthermore, the output exposes all of the methods and procedures required to

make the caramelized apple chips. The first step is to acquire all of the materials,

equipment, and ingredients needed to make the product. The second step was to clean all

of the ingredients. Input Ingredients: For the apples, Flavorings or coating with powdered

sugar and cinnamon powder, Equipment/ Materials: Mandoline Slicer, Air flyer, Knife,

Plates, and Chopping board. The third step is to thinly slice the apples so that they may

be formed into chips. The fifth step was to deep fry the sliced apples with white sugar and

cinnamon powder until light brown which will then be coated with a mixture of

powdered sugar and cinnamon powder. The result is caramelized apple chips.
 9

Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the procedures or steps that the researcher used in

conducting the study. This includes the Research Design, Method of Collecting Data,

Materials, Equipment and Procedures.

Research Design

In order to analyze the data in this study, a descriptive research strategy will be

used. A descriptive study design is a scientific approach that entails monitoring and

characterizing the subject's consciousness without affecting it in any form. This study is a

quantitative type of descriptive research that requires a diverse sample of individuals. The

researcher is studying and investigating the possibilities of the component in the tangible

product created by apple-made chips with caramelized flavor in this study using the

Experimental and Exploratory method.

Quantitative research is a sort of study that uses numerical data to acquire a better

knowledge of the social environment. Researchers employ quantitative techniques to

investigate instances or activities that have an impact on people as well as the business.

This research design strategy assists in the identification of workplace performance.

Furthermore, this research design aids in establishing and underlining the study's most

significant aim and objective.

 10

Methods of Collecting Data

This research used survey questionnaires in order to analyze, collect, gather the

data and information that is needed. The questionnaire was adapted from the thesis of

Ms. Prudencio et. al (2021) from Grade 12-ABM on the SY 2020-2021. In this study,

the research conducted a survey for the fifty (50) respondents from Camiling, Tarlac.

The researcher had then marketed and advertised the product and let the respondent try

and purchase the product followed by the distribution of questionnaires to evaluate the

marketability of the product. The pricing ranged from 40 pesos per 100-150 grams.

Ingredients

In this study, the researchers utilized this study to test the feasibility of an apple as

the main ingredient in making a caramelized apple chips in which, the ingredients that

was used are:

1) apples,

2) sugar,

3) water,

4) wax papers, and

5) oil.

This is only limited to the respondents of the study to evaluate the product that

was made by the researchers. Furthermore, the researchers will be determining the

feasibility of apple as a main ingredient in making caramelized apple chips

 11

Procedures

The procedure of making this caramelized apple chips are stated below.

1. Preheat oven to 350°c.

2. Place a lightly greased wire rack in an aluminum foil-lined 15x10 inches

jelly roll pan or any other flat nonstick pans.

3. Cut the apples to 1/16 thick slices, cutting through the stem and the bottom

end using a kitchen knife.

4. For the air fryer, all you need to do is to coat the thin sliced apples with

sugar and cinnamon powder.

5. For those who do not have an air fryer or an oven, you can fry the thin

apples into the oil with sugar. Or you can just simply put the coated apples into the frying

pan with oil.

6. Once done, let it dry then put it to your chosen containers or packaging.

Materials

The materials used in the process of making the caramelized apple chips are:

1) kitchen knife or any available knife,

2) frying pan or

3) air fryer,

4) a bowl,

5) a plate, and

6) a mandoline slicer.
 12

For the packaging, what we used is:

7) a paper packaging zip lock or a biodegradable plastic packaging bag.

 13

Chapter 3

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

This study discusses the presentation, interpretation, and analysis of data based on

the researcher's comprehension and observation of the interview with the selections

guided by the study's objectives.

Table 1
Summary on the General Evaluation of the Caramelized
Apple Chips with Cinnamon
Categories Mean Verbal Description
Aroma 4.25 Very Good
Taste 4.46 Very Good
Texture 4.18 Very Good
Packaging 4.62 Excellent
Price 4.54 Excellent
Overall Mean Score 4.41 Very Good
Legend:
4.51 – 5.00 – Excellent
3.51 – 4.00 – Very Good
2.51 – 3.00 – Good
1.51 – 2.00 – Fair
1.00 – 1.51 - Poor

Table 1 shows the general description of the product with an overall mean of 4.41

that corresponds with a verbal description of very good. Based on the data above, aroma

got an average mean of 4.25 with a verbal description of very good, the taste of the

product got an average mean of 4.46, with a verbal description of very good, the texture

of the product got an average mean of 4.18, with a verbal description of very good, for

the packaging of the product got an average of 4.62, with the verbal description of

excellent, a computed mean of 4.54, for the price with a verbal description of excellent.
 14

Table 1.1 shows the evaluation of the product in terms of aroma. Aroma is

defined as the characteristics and pervasive odor imparted by the ingredients. The table is

composed of three statements which best describes the aroma of the product and in line

with the statements are the mean score and its corresponding verbal description.

Table 1.1
Evaluation of the Caramelized Apple Chips with Cinnamon in terms of Aroma
Statements Mean Verbal Description
The product scent is appetizing. 4.26 Very Good
The product scent compliments to the
4.23 Very Good
ingredients of the product.
The product has a moderate aroma of all the
4.16 Very Good
ingredients used.
Overall Mean Score 4.25 Very Good
Legend:
4.51 – 5.00 – Excellent
3.51 – 4.00 – Very Good
2.51 – 3.00 – Good
1.51 – 2.00 – Fair
1.00 – 1.51 - Poor

The first statements, the scent is appetizing accumulated a mean score of 4.26,

with a verbal description of very good, while on the second statement, the scent is

compliments to the all the ingredients used. accumulated mean score of 4.23, with a

verbal description of very good. Additionally, the third statement, it has a moderate

aroma on all the ingredients used, accumulated a mean score of 4.16, with the verbal

description of very good. The overall mean score in terms of aroma is 4.25 with a verbal

description of very good. Based on the overall mean score, most of the respondents are

satisfied with the aroma of the caramelized apple chip with cinnamon.

Table 1.2 presents the evaluation of the product in terms of taste. taste is defined

as the sensation of flavor perceived in the mouth and throat on contact with the substance.

The table shows three different statements with its corresponding mean rating and its
 15

consistent verbal description. The first statement, the product taste delicious, accumulated

a mean score of 4.61, with a verbal description of excellent, while on the second

statement, the flavors and ingredients are well blended, accumulated a mean score of 4.37,

with a verbal description of very good. Furthermore, the third statement, it does not leave

the foul taste in the mount, accumulated a mean score of 4.39, with a verbal description

of very good. The overall mean in terms of taste is 4.46, with a verbal description of very

good. Moreover, based on the overall mean score on taste, majority of the respondents

agreed that has a precise, satisfactory, and high-quality taste.

Table 1.2
Evaluation of the Caramelized Apple Chips with Cinnamon in terms of Taste

Statements Mean Verbal Description

The product taste delicious. 4.61 Excellent
The flavors and ingredients of the product
4.37 Very Good
are well-blended.
The product taste complements to the main
4.39 Very Good
ingredient without any after taste.
Overall Mean Score 4.46 Very Good
Legend:
4.51 – 5.00 – Excellent
3.51 – 4.00 – Very Good
2.51 – 3.00 – Good
1.51 – 2.00 – Fair
1.00 – 1.51 - Poor

Table 1.3 reveals the evaluation in terms of texture. Texture is defined as the feel,

appearance, or consistency of a surface or a substance. The table shows the three different

statements with its corresponding mean score and its verbal description. The first

statement, texture compliments to the product type, accrued 4.28 with the verbal

description of very good. While the second statement, texture is evenly blended with the

main ingredients, accrued 4.33 with the verbal description of very good. Furthermore, the
 16

third statement of the texture has moderately soft and crunchy, accrued 3.93 with the

verbal description of very good. As the results, the overall mean of the product in terms

of texture is 4.18 with the verbal description of very good. Moreover, the texture of the

product is pleasing, agreeable, and acceptable by the respondents.

Table 1.3
Evaluation of the Caramelized Apple Chips with Cinnamon in terms of Texture

Statements Mean Verbal Description

The texture compliments to the product
4.28 Very Good
type.
The texture is evenly blended with the main
4.33 Very Good
ingredient.
The texture is moderately crispy. 3.93 Very Good
Overall Mean Score 4.18 Very Good
Legend:
4.51 – 5.00 – Excellent
3.51 – 4.00 – Very Good
2.51 – 3.00 – Good
1.51 – 2.00 – Fair
1.00 – 1.51 - Poor

Table 1.4 presents the assessment of the respondents regarding the product

packaging. Packaging is defined as the presentation of a person, product or action in a

particular way. It is that the first statement, it has a clean and presentable packaging

accumulated a mean score of 4.67 with a verbal description of excellent, while the second

statement has a secured and durable packaging, a accumulated mean score of 4.7 with a

verbal description of excellent, and the third statement, has a creative packaging are

entirely obtained an average mean score of 4.5 With the verbal description of very good.

The overall mean score of 4.62 with a verbal description of excellent, the product in

terms of packaging, all the respondents agreed that the packaging of the product is

presentable, well ordered, secured and creative.

 17

Table 1.4
Evaluation of the Caramelized Apple Chips with Cinnamon in terms of Packaging
Statements Mean Verbal Description
The packaging of the product is clean and
4.67 Excellent
presentable.
The packaging of the product is secured and
4.7 Excellent
durable.
The packaging of the product is creative. 4.5 Very Good
Overall Mean Score 4.62 Excellent
Legend:
4.51 – 5.00 – Excellent
3.51 – 4.00 – Very Good
2.51 – 3.00 – Good
1.51 – 2.00 – Fair
1.00 – 1.51 - Poor

Table 1.5 shows the summary of the results according to the evaluation of the

product in terms of price. Price refers to the quantity of money that is expected, needed,

or offered in exchange for something.

Table 1.5
Evaluation of the Caramelized Apple Chips with Cinnamon in terms of Price
Statements Mean Verbal Description
The price is very affordable. 4.54 Excellent
The price is reasonable in every serving
4.6 Excellent
portion or piece.
Overall Mean Score 4.54 Excellent
Legend:
4.51 – 5.00 – Excellent
3.51 – 4.00 – Very Good
2.51 – 3.00 – Good
1.51 – 2.00 – Fair
1.00 – 1.51 – Poor

The table presents the two different statements with its corresponding mean score

and its equivalent verbal description. The first statement, "caramelized apple chips with

cinnamon has an affordable price" accrued 4.54 with a verbal description of excellent

Second statement, "caramelized apple chips with cinnamon in every serving portion or

piece" accrued 4.06 with a verbal description of excellent. As a result, the overall mean
 18

of the both product in term of pricing is 5.54 with a verbal description of excellent.

Moreover, all the respondents agreed that the price of the product is reasonable and

affordable for every serving and pieces.

Table 2.1
Evaluation of the Caramelized Apple Chips with Cinnamon
in terms of Income and Expense
Weeks Quantity Expenses Revenue Income
₱ 2, 800. 00
1 70 ₱ 1, 670. 00 ₱ 1, 130. 00
(40. 00 pesos each)
₱ 1, 200.00
2 30 ₱ 780. 00 ₱ 420. 00
(40. 00 pesos each)
Total 100 ₱ 2, 450. 00 ₱ 4, 000. 00 ₱ 1, 550. 00

Table 2.1 represents the evaluation of the product in terms of income and expense.

The researchers had observed all the price and concluded that the prices of the ingredients

are all reasonable and investment worthy. For week 1, the researchers had an overall

quantity of 70 orders which is ₱ 40. 00 each, all the expenses for the apples, cinnamon

powder, oil, butane, and powdered sugar are all ₱ 1670. 00. The researchers garnered an

overall income of ₱ 1,130 for the week 1 and a revenue worth ₱ 2, 800. Meanwhile for

the week 2, there was about 30 quantities of orders. Our expense worth is ₱ 780. 00

because we had already bought all the other necessary ingredients on the first week. We

had an income of ₱ 420. 00 pesos and a revenue of ₱ 1, 200. 00.

Table 2.2 shows the evaluation of Caramelized Apple chips in terms of Marketing

Strategy. It states above that the Facebook page being active and responsive is very good.

The platform is very engaging and the product is rare and very unique for the consumers.
 19

Table 2.2
Evaluation of the Caramelized Apple Chips with Cinnamon
in terms of Marketing Strategy
Statements Mean Verbal Description
The Facebook Page of the product is active
4.48 Very Good
and responsive to all queries.
The advertisement platforms of the product
4.45 Very Good
is engaging and effective.
The branding and aesthetics aspects of the
4.45 Very Good
product is unique.
Overall Mean Score 4.46 Very Good
Legend:
4.51 – 5.00 – Excellent
3.51 – 4.00 – Very Good
2.51 – 3.00 – Good
1.51 – 2.00 – Fair
1.00 – 1.51 – Poor

Table 2.3 presents the level of customers’ satisfaction of the product

corresponding to the mean range of 4.16 with a verbal description of very good.

Table 2.3
Evaluation of the Caramelized Apple Chips with Cinnamon in terms of
Customer’s Satisfaction
Statements Mean Verbal description
Level of Customer’s Satisfaction 4.16 Very Good
Legend:
4.51 – 5.00 – Extremely Satisfied
3.51 – 4.00 – Very Satisfied
2.51 – 3.00 – Somewhat Satisfied
1.51 – 2.00 – Not So Satisfied
1.00 – 1.51 – Not Satisfied at All

Comments and Suggestions of the Respondents

The caramelized apple chips with cinnamon are wonderful and delectable,

according to the majority of respondents, and they enjoy both the taste and the packaging.

Furthermore, the respondents' major suggestion is that they are concerned about the

texture, namely the crispiness. They advised that if we want to make it crunchier and

crispier, we should adjust the oil or use the oven. They also advised that we use tissues to
 20

reduce the oily texture, and they were concerned about burns because the others were

sometimes crunchy but burned, so they proposed that, when cooking, we try different

techniques of cooking such as oven and half fried it. They don't have any pricing

complaints because they claim it's pretty inexpensive and not too overpriced.
 21

Chapter 4

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary and conclusions of the gathered data from the

respondents. It also includes the recommendation needed to improve the product which is

the Caramelized apple chips with cinnamon.

Summary of the Findings

The purpose of this study is to determine the marketability of caramelized apple

chips with cinnamon in Camiling, Tarlac. To present a healthy and nutritious apple-based

snack that is prepared with healthy, beneficial, and fresh ingredients as shown in the

methodology.

The descriptive quantitative approach was utilized to collect data from the

respondents in this study. The researcher performed a survey at Camiling Catholic School,

Inc. and Camiling, Tarlac, with fifty (50) randomly selected Camiling locals and

Camiling Catholic School, Inc. faculty and staff.

The Caramelized apple chips with cinnamon is described in terms of aroma, taste,

texture, packaging, and price. The aroma reached a resulted mean score of 4.25 with a

verbal description of very good, the taste got a resulted mean score of 4.46 with a verbal

description of very good, the texture got a computed mean score of 4.18 with a verbal

description of very good, and the packaging got a resulted mean score of 4.62 with a

verbal description of excellent, and the price received a computed mean score of 4.54
 22

with a verbal description of excellent. The Caramelized apple chips with cinnamon had

an overall mean score of 4.41 and a verbal description of Very good.

Furthermore, the total cost of Caramelized Apple chips with Cinnamon is ₱ 2, 450.

00, this includes ₱ 40.00 per bag. The product's entire revenue is ₱ 4, 000. 00, while the

overall income for 2 weeks of selling is ₱ 1, 550. 00. The marketing strategy computed

mean score of 4.46 with a verbal description of very good, and with a computed mean of

4.16, the level of customer satisfaction is very good. As a consequence of the

examination, the caramelized apple chips with cinnamon are marketable, appealing, and

can compete in the food business.

Conclusions

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusion were drawn:

1. The general verbal description of caramelized apple chips with cinnamon in

terms of its aroma, taste, and texture are very good. Meanwhile, the general evaluation of

the product in terms of its packaging and price is excellent.

2. The caramelized apple chips with cinnamon are marketable in terms of income,

expenses, and customers’ satisfaction, according to the general description. The

caramelized apple chips with cinnamon are created from apples and cinnamon and cost ₱

2, 450. 00 with an income of ₱ 1, 150. 00. Furthermore, the product's marketing strategy

is very good and the customers’ satisfaction level was very satisfied.

3 The Caramelized apple chips are not commercially viable.

 23

Recommendations

In line with the results and conclusions, the following are recommended:

1. To the Food and Snacks Business Enterprise Companies, they can make use

of this study to produce innovative products to sell in the market and make further studies

to improve the product.

2. To the General Public, they can make use of this study as their guide for

similar studies ahead, thus providing them knowledge and information for the product as

well.

3. To the Future Researchers, it is highly recommended that they should

improve more in terms of the texture of the chips. They can use this study as their

reference in making their own feasibility study and make more improvements on the

product.
 24

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Claessens, M. (2022). The amount of money charged for a product or service.

Retrieved from:
https://marketing-insider.eu/what-is-a-price/

Foodly (2022). What is a food chip?

Retrieved from:
https://foodly.tn/tips/3-4175/

Lang. A et al. (2022). Apples are a popular fruit, containing antioxidants, vitamins,
dietary fiber, and a range of nutrients.
Retrieved from:
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/10-health-benefits-ofapples

Liberto, D. (2021). Expenses. It the cost of the operations that a company incurs to
generate revenues.
Retrieved from:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/expense.asp

Liberty Prim (2020). Apple fruits, varieties, production, seasonality

Retrieved from:
https://www.libertyprim.com/en/lexique-familles/103/apple-lexique-des-fruits.htm

Market Business News (2022). Marketability a measure of whether a product will

appeal to buyers.
Retrieved from:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/marketability

Mifflin, H., et al (2019). Packaging the appearance that presents in an attractive way.
Retrieved from:
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/packaging

Qualtrics (2020). Influenced by the perceived quality of product and service.

Retrieved from:
https://www.qualtrics.com/experiencemanagement/customer/measure-customer-
satisfaction/

The Investopedia team (2021). Income is the business receive in exchange for selling
goods and services.
Retrieved from:
https://www.myaccountingcourse.com/accountingdictionary/income
 25

Wikipedia (2022). A thin slice of food (typically potato) made crisp by being fried,
baked, or dried and eaten as a snack.
Retrieved from:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chip_(food)