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    5 - Lifecycle of Engineered Objects

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    Masood Ahmed
    The document discusses the life cycle of engineered objects from several perspectives. It describes the typical phases an object goes through from conception to disposal or retirement. These phases include design, development, production, use, maintenance, and end-of-life. It also classifies different types of consumers in a product life cycle based on their novelty and competitiveness. Additionally, it outlines different perspectives on life cycle from contractual obligations, manufacturing, delivery, operations, and maintenance. Finally, it defines life cycle costs and how they differ between manufacturers and customers.

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    5 - Lifecycle of Engineered Objects

    Uploaded by

    Masood Ahmed
    46 views16 pages
    The document discusses the life cycle of engineered objects from several perspectives. It describes the typical phases an object goes through from conception to disposal or retirement. These phases include design, development, production, use, maintenance, and end-of-life. It also classifies different types of consumers in a product life cycle based on their novelty and competitiveness. Additionally, it outlines different perspectives on life cycle from contractual obligations, manufacturing, delivery, operations, and maintenance. Finally, it defines life cycle costs and how they differ between manufacturers and customers.

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    The document discusses the life cycle of engineered objects from several perspectives. It describes the typical phases an object goes through from conception to disposal or retirement. These phases include design, development, production, use, maintenance, and end-of-life. It also classifies different types of consumers in a product life cycle based on their novelty and competitiveness. Additionally, it outlines different perspectives on life cycle from contractual obligations, manufacturing, delivery, operations, and maintenance. Finally, it defines life cycle costs and how they differ between manufacturers and customers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    46 views16 pages

    5 - Lifecycle of Engineered Objects

    Uploaded by

    Masood Ahmed
    The document discusses the life cycle of engineered objects from several perspectives. It describes the typical phases an object goes through from conception to disposal or retirement. These phases include design, development, production, use, maintenance, and end-of-life. It also classifies different types of consumers in a product life cycle based on their novelty and competitiveness. Additionally, it outlines different perspectives on life cycle from contractual obligations, manufacturing, delivery, operations, and maintenance. Finally, it defines life cycle costs and how they differ between manufacturers and customers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    Reliability and Maintenance

    Management
    5
    Lifecycle of Engineered Objects
    Life Cycle

    • Life cycle refers to the entire spectrum of activity for a given


    engineered object
    - from identification of a consumer need and extending through
    design and development, production and/or construction,
    operational use, sustaining maintenance and support, and finally the
    retirement and phase-out/ disposal

    2
    Life Cycle - Perspectives

    • Life cycle of an object can be of interest due to various factors such


    as:
    - Cost
    - Impact on Environment
    - Reliability
    - Aesthetics etc

    3
    Classification of Life Cycle

    4
    Classification of Life Cycle

    Novelty, Features etc important Competitors & Alternatives available


    Price less important Price important

    Early & Late majority


    Innovators 30-35 % + 30-35 %
    2-5 % Imitators Laggards
    12-16 % 12 - 16 %

    5
    Classification of Life Cycle
    - Is the business - Conceptual phase - Prototype - Actual
    idea feasible? (alternate designs developed manufacturing
    - What are examined, - Performance - Resources sorted
    customers’ appropriate assessed through out and organised
    required concept finalised) testing
    characteristics? - Detailed design
    - Implications for and specifications
    development, (materials,
    acquisition, components etc) - Provide
    marketing etc warranties
    - Communicating
    value of product/ - Rectify failures
    service to
    customers
    - May go back to - Procedures/ - Distribution
    phase 2 if test standards set up channels,
    results require so to establish basis promotion media,
    for ascertaining pricing etc
    conformance - Bring product to
    the customer
    6
    Classification of Life Cycle

    7
    Classification of Life Cycle

    Contract Design Development Built Delivery Post-Delivery

    • Customer’s • Similar to • Similar to • May be on-site • Rigorous • Similar to


    requirements standard standard • Requires testing as per standard
    & ability of products products efficient contract products
    builder to • Customer project • Shortcomings
    deliver the involved management addressed if
    object jointly and resource agreed
    decided coordination performance
    • Legal contract • Heavy criteria not
    (covering all penalties for met
    aspects) either side if • If criteria can
    reached contract not be met,
    requirements settlement
    not met reached legally
    8
    Classification of Life Cycle

    Operations &
    Contract Fabrication Delivery Discard
    Maintenance

    • Tenders invited • Contract • Rigorous • Complex and • Environmental


    • Detailed finalised testing as per important regulations
    contract • Payment contract • Builder trains compliance
    outlined details sorted • Shortcomings buyer’s teams
    • Source of • Largely similar addressed if regarding
    ambiguities to standard agreed operations &
    removed products performance maintenance
    criteria not • Emergency
    met spares
    provided
    • Builder may be
    given
    maintenance
    contract
    9
    Reliability: Product Life Cycle Perspective

    NPD perspective

    10
    Reliability: Product Life Cycle Perspective
    Different
    notions of
    Product
    Reliability

    11
    Reliability: Product Life Cycle Perspective
    Different
    notions of
    Plant
    Reliability

    12
    Life Cycle Cost

    • Life cycle cost refers to the total costs associated with an object
    (product, plant, or infrastructure) over its useful life
    • LCC from the manufacturer’s perspective is different from that of the
    customer, in terms of cost elements included

    13
    Life Cycle Cost

    • Manufacturer’s Perspective
    ‣ LCC = Design and development cost + manufacturing cost +
    marketing + post sale service support cost

    • Customer’s Perspective
    ‣ LCC = acquisition cost + operating cost + cost of maintenance +
    disposal cost

    14
    Importance of Life Cycle Cost

    15
    Questions?

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