Unit 3 Part
Unit 3 Part
Architecture
KCS302
LECTURE 37
Unit-3: Control Unit
•Instruction types
•Instruction formats
•Instruction cycles and sub cycles (Fetch and Execute etc)
•Micro operations
•Execution of a complete instruction
•Program Control
• Instruction:
– A group of bits that tell the computer to perform a specific operation (a
sequence of micro-operation)
• The instructions of a program, along with any needed data are stored in memory
• A computer should have a set of instructions so that the user can construct
machine language programs to evaluate any function that is known to be
computable.
• After an instruction is executed, the cycle starts again at step 1, for the next
instruction
• Note: Every different processor has its own (different) instruction cycle
T0: AR ← PC (S0S1S2=010, T0=1)
T1: IR ← M [AR], PC ← PC + 1 (S0S1S2=111, T1=1)
T2: D0, . . . , D7 ← Decode IR(12-14), AR ← IR(0-11), I ← IR(15)
• In a similar fashion we can derive the control gates for the other registers as well as
the logic needed to control the read and write inputs of memory.