EMPLOYER :  

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CONTRACT NO. : PGCB/DANIDA/1   o
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DESIGN-BUILD AND TURNKEY CONTRACT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF    d
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132kV JOYDEVPUR - KABIRPUR - TANGAIL TRANSMISSION LINE   e  e
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Design Calculation for Foundation of Auto Transformer   r
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D O CU M E N T N O . : S U B M I T T A L N O. :   a
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JDP/A26/001 CT I O N : 1 2 , Building and civil engineering works
S E CT   t   r
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DESIGNED BY : Md. Giasuddin CH E C K E D B Y : A P P R OV E D B Y :   u  u
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CONTRACTOR : MTH JGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV   e   i
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EMPLOYER :   r
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POWER GRID COMPANY OF BANGLADESH LIMITED (PGCB )   e
  s
  u
 ,
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CONTRACT NO. : PGCB/DANIDA/1   o
   i
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  c
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DESIGN-BUILD AND TURNKEY CONTRACT FOR CONSTRUCTION OF    d
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132kV JOYDEVPUR - KABIRPUR - TANGAIL TRANSMISSION LINE   e  e
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PROJECT   n   b
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Design Calculation for Foundation of Auto Transformer   n  r
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JDP/A26/001 S E CT I O N : 1 2 , Building and civil engineering works   t   r
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DESIGNED BY : Md. Giasuddin CH ECK ED B Y : A P P R OV ED BY :   u  u
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E:\PROJECTS FOR EXECUTION\Joydevpur - Kabirpur -   g  r
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CONTRACTOR : MTH JGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV   e   i
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MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V
Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station

1. GENERAL
1.1 Considerations :
a) Raft foundation is considered for a 132kV Transformer.
 b) The bottom of the raft is at a depth of 1.0m from existing ground surface.
2
c) Soil bearing capacity is considered 90.04 kN/m minimum value from BH-4, BH-5 & BH-7.
d) The Top of bund wall is 200mm above the finished switchyard surface level.

1.2 Soil Data:

Allowable bearing capacity of soil is considered : 90.04 kN/sqm
Unit weight of soil : 17.94 kN/cum.
Frustum angle : 15.00 Deg.
Water Table from EGL : 2.50 m
1.3Material Properties :
Concrete………………...…fc'= 20 N/mm2
Reinforcing Steel…………..f = 415 N/mm2
Concrete Clear Cover……….= 60 mm
Unit Weight of Concrete…….= 24.0 kN/cum.
2. DESIGN DATA AND FOUNDATI ON GEOMET RY :
( Reference Dwg no. 56.20.3-03-3537)
Transformer's Length = 6.80 m
Transformer's Width = 5.10 m
Height of Transformer = 5.00 m
Total Weight of Tx. ( with Oil ) = 72,000 Kg
Weight of Oil = 19,000 Kg
Density of Oil = 840 Kg/cum.
Total volume of oil = 22.62 Cum
Pit volume reqd. below the stone ( 125% of oil vol. ) = 28.27 Cum
Inside length of pit considered = 7.80 m
Inside width of pit considered = 5.80 m
Surface area of the pit = 41.47 sqm.
Width of Tx. Supporting Pedestal = 2.68 m
Length of Tx. Supporting Pedestal = 3.89 m
Area of Tx. Supporting Pedestal = 10.4 sqm.
 Net surface area of the pit = 31.0 sqm.
Average Depth required = 0.9 m
Provided depth below Grating = 0.90 m
Thickness of grating = 0.05 m
Thickness of gravel layer on top of grating = 0.225 m
Free height above gravel top = 0.05 m
Max. height of pit wall above base slab = 1.225 m
Center of 
Tx.

Center of 
Foundation
MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V
Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station
Center of 
Foundation

3. LOA D CAL CULAT ION

Transformer Length, L = 6.80 m

Transformer Width, B = 5.10 m
Transformer Height above top of Pedestal, H = 5.00 m
Total weight of Transformer ( with oil ) = 720.00 kN

3.1 Wind load calculation - as per BNBC

Maximum wind velocity , Vb = 160.0 km/hr ( Specified in the Contract specification)

Height of top of transformer from FSYL = 5.20 m
q z = cc c I c z v
2 ( Ref. Bangladesh National Building Code 1993, Chapter 
b
2;Page 6-33)
For exposure B , Cz at Top = 0.85
For exposure B , Cz at Bottom = 0.801
Velocity to Pressure conversion coefficient, Cc = 4.72E-05
Structure Importance Factor CI = 1.25
q z = 1.284 kN/m2 ; at Top
= 1.210 kN/m2 ; at Bottom
( Ref. Bangladesh National Building Code 1993, Chapter 
Design Wind Pressure, p z = c Gc pq z
2;Page 6-34)
L/B = 1.33
H/B = 0.98
- ,  p .
Gust Co-efficient, CG = 1 .30
Design Wind Pressure, p z = 1.335 kN/m2 ; at Top
= 1.258 kN/m2 ; at Bottom
Average Pressure , Pz = 1.29671 kN/m2
∴ Force results from Wind = 1.297*6.8*5.1 = 44.97 kN

3.2 Seismic load calculation - as per BNBC

ZICW ( Ref. Bangladesh National Building Code 1993, Chapter 

Design Base Shear is given by : V =

R 2;Page 6-53)
Where, Z = Seismic Zone Co-efficient = 0.15 ( for Zone 2 )
I = Structure Importance Factor = 1.25 ( with essential Facilities )
R = Response Modification Coefficient = 6 ( For RCC wall System )
1.25S
C = Numerical coefficien t system is given by : C = 2
 T 3

S = Site coefficient for soil characteristics = 1.5

3
T = Fundamental period of vibration is given by :  T = Ct ( hn ) 4

Ct = 0.049 ( For all type of non braced RCC structure )

hn = 5.00 m
T = 0.164 Sec
C = 6.262
W = Total Seismic dead load =Transformer Weight = 720.00 kN
Design base shear V = 140.90 kN

4. SOIL STABI LI TY CHECK  828.0 kN

4.1 Check for Soil Bearing Capacity :

140.0 kN
Weight of each Transformer with 15% impact = 828.00 kN
Weight of Transformer supporting Pedestal = 306.50 kN
Length of foundation pad = 8.800 m CL of Foundation

Width of foundation pad = 6.800 m

Thickness of foundation pad = 0.300 m

Load Application on Foundation

MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V CL of Foundation

Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station

Weight of Pad = 430.85 kN
Load Application on Foundation
Width of Bund Wall = 0.200 m
Total Length of Bund wall = 28.540 m
Height of Bund wall = 1.225 m
Weight of Bund wall = 167.82 kN
Total area of the Yard within bundwall = 41.47 m2
Area of Tx. supporting Pedestal = 10.43 m2
 Net area to be filled with gravel = 31.04 m2
Thickness of Gravel = 0.225 m
Weight of gravel = 111.76 kN

Total Vertical Load = 828+306.5 +430.85+167 .82+111.76 = 1844.93 kN

Maximum Moment at base due to Max. Horizontal Load =140.9*1.525 = 214.87 kN.m
Eccentricity for Horizontal load = 214.87/1844.93 = 0.116 m
 Net Eccentricity = 0.116+0.600 = 0.716 m
Q = Fzb = 1844.93 kN kNs
2
A = LxB = 59.84 m
e = el = 0.716 m m
L /6 = 1.467 >e
Q 6e
So;q max = (1+ )
A L
Q 6e
and;q min = (1- )
A L
qmax = 43.54 kN/m2
Gross allowable soil pressure = 90.04 + γsDf  = 107.98 kN/m2 So it's OK.
 Net Upward Pressure = 43.54-γ'sDf  = 35.60 kN/m2
4.2 Check for Settlement :
Settlement of a Soil layer is given by :
cc p + Δp
S= H log10 0
1 + e0 p0
Where, Cc = Compression Index = 0.258 From soil test report of BH-4.
e0 = Initial Void ratio = 0.989 From soil test report of BH-4.
H = Thickness of the Soil Layer = 5.00 m From soil test report of BH-4.
 p0 = The original Soil Pressure at the mid point of the
layer = γ∗H/2 = 45.00 kN/m2
Δ p = Change In Pressure = qmax - γDf  = 25.60 kN/m2
S = 0.1269 ft. = 1.524 inch.
Which is less than 2.0" , so OK.

5. STRUC TURA L DESIGN

5.1 Design of Pit Wall :

Angle of repose for backfilled soil, φ = 0.00 Deg
Coefficient of earth pressure , Ka = ( 1-sin φ ) / ( 1-sin φ ) = 1.00
Unit weight of soil = 17.94 kN/cum
Height of soil at toe side above base = 0.000 m
Height of soil at heel side above slab = 0.700 m
PL above heel side soil = 0.200 m
Thickness of stem = 0.200 m
Thickness of base slab = 0.300 m
Superimposed live load at heel side = 10.00 kN/sqm
Applied L oading :

Unit Weight of Gravel Fill = 16 kN/cum.

Unit Weight of Brick = 19 kN/cum.
Unit Weight of Sand Fill = 15 kN/cum.

2
Pressure due to Backfill P1= 1/2*K  pγh *1.0 = 4.40 kN ( Per meter of width )
MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V
Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station

K a = ( 1-Sinφ )/( 1+Sinφ ) = 1.0 ( For Backfill φ is considered 0 Degree )

Pressure due Surcharge load P2 =10.0+ ( 0.175*16+0.075*19+0.075*15)*0.7 = 13.75 kN ( Per meter of width )
So Moment about point A = 4.41*0.233+13.75*0.35 = 5.835 kN.m ( Per meter of width )
Factored Moment = 5.838*1.5 = 8.752 kN.m "

Let us check with minimum reinforcement. As per ACI code, Ratio of minimum reinforcement ( in SI unit) is given by =1.4/fy
ρmin= 0.003373494
⎛ ρf y ⎞
M u =φρf y bd 2 ⎜1-0.59 ⎟ ...;Where φ = 0.9
⎝ f'c ⎠
Mu
∴ d= =
ρf  y 85 mm ; d Provided =200-100-10/2= 95 mm; OK  
φρf y b(1-0.59 )
fc'

5.1.1 - R einforcement Calculation :

Vertical Reinforcement
Mdes =Mu/0.9 = 9.725 kN.m
Assuming depth of stress block, a = 6.94 mm
Area of steel, As = M*1000000/(0.9*fy*(d-a/2)) = 284.47 mm2
(Ref. -Design of concrete structure, By-Nilson & Winter,Page 83 ,10th Ed.)
Check for a
a = As*fy/(.85*fc'*b) = 6.94 mm
Consideration is OK, So As = 284.47 mm2/m
As per Code Min Rebar Required = 0.004bt = 400.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 10.0 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 5 Nos
Spacing = 200.00 mm
Provide φ 10mm @ 200mm at both face of the wall.
Horizontal Reinforcement :
As per Code Min Rebar Required = 0.002bt = 400.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 10.0 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 5 Nos
Spacing = 1000/5 = 200.00 mm
Provide φ 10mm @ 200mm at both face of the wall.
Check for shear :

Shear force , V = 18.14 kN

Factored shear , Vu = 27.21 kN
Where, b= 1000 mm
d = 95 mm
So, vc= Vc/bd = 0.286 N/mm2
2
AS per ACI Shear Stress applied to concrete should be less than 0.17 f c '  N/mm ; In present case which is coming 0.76 Mpa.
This is much greater than applied stress so consideration is quite Ok.

5.2 Design of Transformer Supporting Pedestal :

( Reference Dwg no. 56.20.3-03-3537)

Length of Pedestal = 3.890 m

Width of Pedestal = 2.680 m
Hight of Pedestal = 1.225 m
Weight of Pedestal = 306.50 kN
Total Weight of Tx. ( with Oil ) = 720.00 kN
Design L oads:
Compression =720.0+306.5 = 1026.50 kN
Moment M = 172.6025
P Mc
Max. or Min. stress on the section = σ  
max/min
= ±
A I
3
I = bh /12 = 6.24E+12 mm4
Maximum stress on the section = 0.06 Mpa, Compressive

Stresse is within acceptable limit, so no rebar is r equired from structural point of view.
MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V
Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station
2 2
But as per code Minimun Rebar = 0.0018*Ag = 0.0018*3890*2680 mm . = 18766 mm .
So Use 94 nos. of dia 16mm Bar for Vertical Reinforcement.
Use dia 10mm bar @ 200mm c/c for tie.
5.3. Design of Base Slab

Foundation Layout
Center of 
Tx.

Center of 
Foundation
5.3.1 Check for P unching of the Base :
Base Thickness, t = 300 mm
Clear Cover = 60 mm
Consider Max Bar size = 20 mm
d =300-60-20/2 = 230 mm
Punching Perimeter = (2680+3890)*2 = 13140 mm
Punching Area = 13140*230 = 3022200 mm2
Vertical Forces = 1026.50 kN
Punching stress developed by Tx. = 1026.5*1000/ 3022200 = 0.340 Mpa
AS per ACI Shear Stress applied to concrete should be less than 0.33 f c ' Mpa
In present case which is coming 1.48 Mpa. So OK.

5.3.2 Bottom Reinforcement Along L ong Direction :

For right side
 Net Upward Pressure by soil = 35.60 kN/m2
Max Moment Developed at Pedestal face at Bottom = 35.6*3.055^2/2 = 166.147 kN.m/m
Design moment = 170.42/0.9 = 184.607 kN.m/m
Base Thickness, t = 300 mm
Clear Cover = 60 mm
Consider Bar size = 20 mm
d =300-60-20/2 = 230 mm
Assuming depth of stress block, a = 60.39 mm
Area of steel, As = M*1000000/(0.9*fy*(d-a/2)) = 2473.73 mm2
MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V
Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station
Check for stress block,a
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) = 60.39 mm
Consideration is OK, So As = 2473.73 mm2
Minimum reinforcement = 0.18 % = 540.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 20 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 7.87 Nos
Spacing = 127 mm Say 120mm
For L eft Side

Max Moment Developed at Pedestal face at Bottom = 35.6*1.855^2/2 = 61.257 kN.m/m

Design moment = 61.257/0.9 = 68.063 kN.m/m
Base Thickness, t = 300 mm
Clear Cover = 60 mm
Consider Bar size = 20 mm
d =300-60-20/2 = 230 mm
Assuming depth of stress block, a = 20.23 mm
Area of steel, As = M*1000000/(0.9*fy*(d-a/2)) = 828.76 mm2
Check for stress block,a
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) = 20.23 mm
Consideration is OK, So As = 828.76 mm2
Minimum reinforcement = 0.18 % = 540.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 20 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 2.64 Nos
Spacing = 379 mm Say 240mm

5.3.3 Bottom Reinforcement Along Short Direction :

 Net Upward Pressure by soil = 43.54 -γ'sDf  = 35.60 kN/m2

Max Moment Developed at Pedestal face at Bottom = 35.6*2.16^2/2 = 83.057 kN.m/m
Design moment = 83.057/0.9 = 92.286 kN.m/m
Base Thickness, t = 300 mm
Clear Cover = 60 mm
Consider Bar size = 12 mm
d =300-60-12/2-20 =214 mm ( Bars to be placed on top of long Bars)
Assuming depth of stress block, a = 30.34 mm
Area of steel, As = M*1000000/(0.9*fy*(d-a/2)) = 1242.69 mm2
Check for stress block,a
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) = 30.34 mm
Consideration is OK, So As = 1242.69 mm2
Minimum reinforcement = 0.18 % = 540.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 12 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 10.99 Nos
Spacing = 91 mm Say 90 mm

Calculation For Bar Curtailment

Max Moment Developed at 0.75 m far from Pedestal face at Bottom = 35.6*1.41^2/2 = 35.392 kN.m/m
Design moment = 35.392/0.9 = 39.325 kN.m/m
Base Thickness, t = 300 mm
Clear Cover = 60 mm
Consider Bar size = 12 mm
d =300-60-12/2-20 =214 mm ( Bars to be placed on top of long Bars)
Assuming depth of stress block, a = 12.37 mm
Area of steel, As = M*1000000/(0.9*fy*(d-a/2)) = 506.64 mm2
Check for stress block,a
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) = 12.37 mm
Consideration is OK, So As = 506.64 mm2
Minimum reinforcement = 0.18 % = 540.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 12 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 4.77 Nos
MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V
Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station
Spacing = 209 mm Say 180 mm
Point of curtailment = 750+(12 times dia of bar ; i.e 12*12 = 144mm use 250mm) 250 = 1000mm from face of Padestal.

5.3.4 Top Reinforcement Calculation along both direction :

Max Hogging Moment Developed = 35.6*( 3.055-

0.40)^2/8 = 31.368 kN.m/m
Design moment = 27.165/0.9 = 34.854 kN.m/m
Base Thickness, t = 300 mm
Clear Cover = 60 mm
Consider Max Bar size = 12 mm
d =300-60-12/2 = 234 mm
Assuming depth of stress block, a = 9.95 mm
Area of steel, As = M*1000000/(0.9*fy*(d-a/2)) = 407.45 mm2
Check for stress block,a
a = As*fy/(0.85*fc'*b) = 9.95 mm
Consideration is OK, So As = 407.45 mm2
Minimum reinforcement = 0.18 % = 540.00 mm2/m
Consider bar Size = 12 mm
So Nos. of Bars = 4.77 Nos
Spacing = 209 mm Say 200mm
6. DESIGN OF GRA TI NGS

L ayout of Gr atings :

Steel of Fy 275.0 Mpa shall be used for gratings.

Main bar : 50X6 Flat
Spacing of main bar : 30 mm c/c
Secondary bar dia. = 12 mm
MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V
Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station
Spacing of secondary bar : 100 mm c/c
Thickness of gravel paving = 225 mm
Unit weight of gravel = 16.00 kN/cum
Max span of main bar = 1.698 m

6.1 Design of main bar :

Self weight of grating : 0.56 kN/sqm
Self weight of gravel : 3.60 kN/sqm
Assumed live load : 2.00 kN/sqm
Total load per unit area = 6.16 kN/sqm
Uniform Distributed Load per main bar = 0.185 kN/m
Check for bending stress :
2
Max bending moment = 0.185*1.698 /8 = 0.067kN.m
2
Zxx of main bar = 6*50 /6 = 2500 mm3
Max bending stress = 0.067*10^6/2500 = 26.64 Mpa
Allowable bending stress = 0.6*Fy = 0.6*275 = 165.00 Mpa ; So OK.
Check for shear stress :
Max shear force = 0.157 kN
Max shear stress = 0.52 Mpa
Allowable Shear stress = 0.346*Fy = 0.346*275 = 95.15 Mpa ; So OK.
Check for max deflection :

Ixx of main bar = 6*50^3/12 = 62500 mm4

Modulus of elasticity of steel = 200000 Mpa
4
= = .
Allowable Maximum deflection = l/325 = 5.22 mm ; So OK.

6.2 Design of grating supporting channel :

Max span of channel = 2.505 m

Load from grating per channel = 6.16*2.505 = 15.431 kN/m
Max bending moment , M = 12.104kN.m
Max end shear, V = 19.327 kN
Provide : ISMC 200

Check for bending stress :

Total depth, D = 200 mm

Sectional Area, A = 2828 mm2
r  y = 22.3 mm
Flange thickness, T = 10.40 mm
Web thickness, tw = 6.1 mm
Zxx = 182500 mm3
Ixx = 18251000 mm4
Leff / r yy = 2700/22.3= 112.33
3 3
703 X10 Cb l 3516 X10 Cb
When ≤ ≤
Fy r Fy
⎡ 2
⎤
⎢ 2
Fb = ⎢ −
Fy l (
r )
⎥ F ≤ 0.60F
3 10550 X 10 Cb ⎥
3 y y

⎢
⎣ ⎥
⎦
Where C b = 1.75 + 1 .05 * (M 1 / M 2) + 0.3(M 1 / M 2)
2

Consider ends of channel are not to carry any moment so 2nd and 3rd term of the above equation can be ignored.
So C b = 1.75
Bending Stress = M/Z = 12.1*10^6/182500 = 66.32 Mpa
∴ Fb = 0.535*275 = 147.13 Mpa > 66.32 Mpa ; So OK.
Check for shear stress :
Shear stress = V/A = 19.327*1000/2828 = 6.83 Mpa
Allowable Shear stress = 0.346*Fy = 0.346*275 = 95.15 Mpa > 6.83 Mpa ; So OK.
MT H  J GAARD A/S - L INDPRO A/S J V
Design of Transformer Foundation ; J oydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station

Check for max deflection :

4
Max central deflection = 5wl /384EI = 2.17 mm
Allowable Max. deflection = l/325 =2825/325 = 7.71 mm ; So OK.
 MT H JGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV
Design of Transformer Foundation ; Joydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station

Contents Page No.

1. General 03

1.1 Considerations : 03

1.2 Soil Data: 03

1.3 Material Properties : 03

2. Design Data Foundation Geometry : 03

3. Load Calculation : 04

3.1 Wind load calculation - as per BNBC 04

3.2 Seismic load calculation - as per BNBC 04

4. Soil Stability Check 04

4.1 Check for Soil Bearing Capacity : 04

4.2 Check for Settlement : 05

5. Structural Design : 05

5.1 Design of Pit Wall : 05

5.1.1 - Reinforcement Calculation : 06

5.2 Design of Transformer Supporting Pedestal : 06

5.3. Design of Base Slab 07

5.3.1 Check for Punching of the Base : 07

5.3.2 Bottom Reinforcement Along Long Direction : 07

5.3.3 Bottom Reinforcement Along Short Direction : 08

5.3.4 Top Reinforcement Calculation along both direction : 09

6. Design of Grating : 09

6.1 Design of main bar : 10

6.2 Design of grating supporting channel : 10

Giasuddin / BEL Date : 19 Nov '05

 MT H JGAARD A/S - LINDPRO A/S JV
Design of Transformer Foundation ; Joydevpur 132/33kV Sub-station

Contents Page No.

1. General 03

1.1 Considerations : 03

1.2 Soil Data: 03

1.3 Material Properties : 03

2. Design Data Foundation Geometry : 03

3. Load Calculation : 04

3.1 Wind load calculation - as per BNBC 04

3.2 Seismic load calculation - as per BNBC 04

4. Soil Stability Check 04

4.1 Check for Soil Bearing Capacity : 04

4.2 Check for Settlement : 05

5. Structural Design : 05

5.1 Design of Pit Wall : 05

5.1.1 - Reinforcement Calculation : 06

5.2 Design of Transformer Supporting Pedestal : 06

5.3. Design of Base Slab 07

5.3.1 Check for Punching of the Base : 07

5.3.2 Bottom Reinforcement Along Long Direction : 07

5.3.3 Bottom Reinforcement Along Short Direction : 08

5.3.4 Top Reinforcement Calculation along both direction : 09

6. Design of Grating : 09

6.1 Design of main bar : 10

6.2 Design of grating supporting channel : 10

Giasuddin / BEL Date : 19 Nov '05