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Physics Class 12 Notes

This document contains physics notes on waves for class 12. It defines waves as disturbances that transfer energy rather than matter and discusses different types of waves including mechanical waves that require a medium, electromagnetic waves that can propagate through a vacuum, and matter waves associated with fundamental particles. Mechanical waves are further divided into transverse and longitudinal waves, and key concepts around the propagation and properties of various waves are covered.

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658 views

Physics Class 12 Notes

This document contains physics notes on waves for class 12. It defines waves as disturbances that transfer energy rather than matter and discusses different types of waves including mechanical waves that require a medium, electromagnetic waves that can propagate through a vacuum, and matter waves associated with fundamental particles. Mechanical waves are further divided into transverse and longitudinal waves, and key concepts around the propagation and properties of various waves are covered.

Uploaded by

K Yugavardhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Notes Class 12 All Chapters

1. Waves

Class 11 CBSE: https://www.learncbse.in/waves-cbse-notes-class-11-


physics/
Class 12 CBSE: https://www.learncbse.in/wave-optics-cbse-notes-class-
12-physics/

❖ Waves: The disturbances which move without actual physical transfer or flow of matter
as a whole are called waves.
❖ Waves represent the transport of energy and the pattern of disturbance has information
of its propagation from one point to another.
❖ In a wave, energy and not matter is transferred from one point to the other.
❖ Light waves travel through the vacuum.
❖ Waves are in the form of sound and air cables and vacuum, etc
❖ Mechanical waves: Mechanical waves can be produced or propagated only in a
material medium. These waves are governed by Newton’s laws of motion. Types
of Mechanical waves (which requires a medium for propagation & cannot propagate
through a vacuum) are:
▪ Waves on a string
▪ Water waves
▪ Sound waves
▪ Seismic waves, etc
❖ Electromagnetic waves: They do not require a medium – they travel through a vacuum.
e.g., light, radio waves, X – Rays, etc.
❖ In a Vacuum, the speed of electromagnetic waves is
c = 299,792,458 ms-1
❖ So-called Matter waves: Matter waves are associated with constituents of matter.
e.g., all fundamental particles, etc. Mechanical waves are of two types:
(i) Transverse wave motion, (ii) Longitudinal wave motion,
❖ Energy transfer takes place because of the coupling through elastic forces between
neighbouring oscillating parts of the medium.

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