4 Set 1

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(4) SET N1
1. The following expression is incorrect:

Living cell contains four charged zones:
a) central zone, which contains negatively charged organic molecules;
b) inner positively charged zone disposed among cellular membrane and central negatively charged
zones ( mobile mineral cations -- potassium and calcium ions);
c) negatively charged zone on the outer surface of the membrane, which creates a dense line of
mobile cations ( sodium, calcium and potassium);
d) outer stable negative zone, which mainly is determined by negative charges of cialic acid;
2. Cellular membrane contains:

a) only pure ( ohmic) resistance;
b) ohmic, capacitive and inductive resistance;
c) only capacitive resistance;
d) ohmic and inductive resistance;
3. electrical system, where -- connective tissue ( different tissues, blood vessels)

carries out a role of isolator and tissue fluids saturated by ions carry out a role of
conductor, participates in:
a) transportation of charged particles ( nutrients, toxins);
b) regulation of osmotic pressure;
c) regulation of filtration;
d) transportation of charged particles ( nutrients, toxins) and regulation of osmotic
pressure;
4. in embryogenesis take part:

a) electron charges;
b) neutrons;
c) quarks;
d) positrons;
5. at increase of body mass:

a) increases threshold value of fibrillating current;
b) decreases threshold value of fibrillating current;
c) threshold value of fibrillating current gets zero;
d) threshold value of fibrillating current does not change;
6. electroencephalogram is:
a) coordinate dependence graph of potential changes. It is complex periodic oscillation generated
from algebraic sum of brain different regions activities;
b) time dependence graph of potential changes. It is complex periodic oscillation generated from
algebraic sum of brain different regions activities;
c) time dependence graph of potential changes. It is complex periodic oscillation generated from
algebraic sum of heart different regions activities;
d) coordinate dependence graph of potential changes. It is complex periodic oscillation generated
from algebraic sum of heart different regions activities;
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7. isotopes are the nuclei, which:
a) has the same atomic number Z, i.e. the same numbers of protons, and different numbers of
neutrons (A-Z);
b) has the same mass number A, but different numbers of neutrons (A-Z);
c) has the same atomic number Z, i.e. the same numbers of protons, and the same numbers of
neutrons (A-Z);
d) has the same atomic number Z, i.e. the different numbers of protons, and different numbers of
neutrons (A-Z);
8. nuclei are radioactive if:

a) neutron-proton ratio is different ( high or low) than the stability threshold ( N/P ≈ 1) ;
b) neutron-proton ratio is equal to the stability threshold ( N/P ≈ 1) ;
c) radioactivity does not depend on neutron-proton ratio;
d) number of electrons define radioactivity of nucleus;
9. which of the following is correct:

a) photon energy is as much as its frequency is ( long wave), i.e. it is able to cause stronger effects;
b) photon energy is as much as low its frequency is ( short wave), i.e. it is able to cause stronger
effects;
c) photon energy is as much as its frequency is ( short wave), i.e. it is able to cause weaker effects;
d) photon energy is as much as its frequency is ( short wave), i.e. it is able to cause stronger effects;
10. which of the following expressions is correct:

a) intensity of infrared radiation increases along with increase of object temperature, therefore
thermography is being used for monitoring of skin temperature distribution, cancer localization,
detection of inflammatory centers and damaged muscles;
b) intensity of infrared radiation decreases along with increase of object temperature, therefore
c) intensity of infrared radiation increases along with decrease of object temperature, therefore
d) intensity of infrared radiation increases along with increase of object temperature, therefore
thermography is not used for monitoring of skin temperature distribution, cancer localization, detection
of inflammatory centers and damaged muscles;
11. stimulation of photoreceptors by light rays is transmitted to optic nerve via:

a) rods;
b) cones;
c) retinal pigment epithelium (RPE);
d) neurons;
12. proteins involved in photoreception contain:

a) protein opsin and retinal chromophore;
b) retinal chromophore;
c) protein fibrinogen;
d) rhodopsin and protein fibrinogen;
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13. Which of the following statements is false:

a. Ultraviolet A, B, C radiation destroy collagen fibers and cause premature aging of the
skin.
b. Ultraviolet C radiation, as highly energetic radiation, has damaging mutagenic effect, it
may cause direct injury (ionization) of DNA, disrupt bonds between nucleic acids and
lead to the development of mutations.
c. Ultraviolet A, B, C radiation do not destroy collagen fibers in the skin.
d. Melanogenesis prolongs the process of san tanning; it is revealed in 72 hours after the
exposure to the B ultraviolet radiation.
14. Maximum kinetic energy which electron gains after its emission from cathode is:
a. = eU, where me - mass of an electron, v - its velocity, U - potential difference
between cathode and anode.
b. = eU, where me - mass of an electron, v - its velocity, U - potential difference
c. = eU, where me - mass of an electron, v - its velocity, U - potential difference

d. = eU, where me - mass of an electron, v - its velocity, U - potential difference

15. Energy of binding equals

a. Energy required for binding of electron to an atom
b. Energy required to bind protons and neutrons
c. Energy required to repel protons and neutrons from each other
d. Energy required to detach electron from a atom
16. γ - rays (gamma rays) are electromagnetic radiation of

a. the highest frequency (high energy, short wavelength)
b. the lowest frequency (high energy, short wavelength)
c. the highest frequency (low energy, short wavelength)
d. the highest frequency (low energy, long wavelength)
17. Which of the following statements is true:

a. High resistance between anode and cathode provides acceleration of electrons and directs
them as a narrow beam to the anode via special devise.
b. High voltage between anode and cathode provides deceleration of electrons and directs
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c. High voltage between anode and cathode provides acceleration of electrons and directs
d. High voltage between anode and cathode provides acceleration of electrons and directs
them as a narrow beam to the cathode via special devise.
18. Therapeutic application (for treatment purposes) of x-rays is based on their

a. Destroying effect
b. Restoring effect
c. Stimulating affect
d. Superficial effect
19. Under the conditions of inverted population

a. There is equal number of atoms on the ground and excited energy levels
b. Majority of the atoms (over 50 %) is in excited state
c. Majority of the atoms (over 50 %) is in ground state
d. Atoms are not in excited state
20. The key transition in laser radiation by helium – neon optic quantum generator is
a. 1S  3S transition of neon atoms
b. 2P  1S transition of neon atoms
c. 3S  2P transition of neon atoms
d. 2S 1S transition of neon atoms
21. Spontaneous emission is

a. Transition of atoms from E1 (ground) energy level to E2 (excited) level without any
influence
b. Transition of atoms from E2 (excited ) energy level to E1 (ground) level resulting from
external stimulation
c. Transition of atoms from E2 (excited level) energy level to E1 (ground level) level
without any external stimulus
d. Spontaneous emission is not characteristic of atoms
22. When energy quantum hν = En – Em passes through a medium of different energy levels
where atomic population is described by Boltzmann’s low
a. Atom absorbs it and moves from Em energy level to En level
b. Atom emits it and moves from Em energy level to En level
c. Atom absorbs it and moves from En energy level to Em level
d. Atom absorbs it and stays on Em level
23. Which of the following is a correct definition of photobiological processes

a. Processes in biological systems characterized by the absorption of electromagnetic
energy
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b. Processes in biological systems characterized by the emission of electromagnetic energy
c. Processes in biological systems not characterized by the absorption of electromagnetic
energy
d. Processes in biological systems not characterized by the emission of electromagnetic
energy
24. Phosphorescence is
a. Luminescence which results from the transition of electrons from triplet level to the
ground energy level
b. Luminescence which results from the transition of electrons from lower excited singlet
level to the ground energy level
c. Luminescence which results from the transition of electrons from ground level to the
excited singlet level
d. Luminescence which results from the transition of electrons from ground level to the
lower excited triplet level
25. Which of the following statements is false regarding electrocardiography

a. Electrocardiograph is an instrument that records electric potentials of the heart
b. Electrocardiography considers the heart as current dipole in conductive medium
c. Electrocardiography considers the heart as point charge
d. Electrocardiography provides information about cardiac rhythm
26. Which of the following statements is false regarding electroencephalography

a. Electroencephalogram is the graphic of time dependent voltage fluctuations within the
neurons of the brain
b. Electroencephalograph measures inductive resistance of the brain neurons
c. Electroencephalograph (EEG) measures electric activity of the brain as recorded from
multiple electrodes fixed to the scalp
d. Electroencephalogram is graphic of oscillations at a variety of frequencies

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1

1. The following expression is incorrect:

2. Cellular membrane contains:

3. electrical system, where -- connective tissue ( different tissues, blood vessels)

4. in embryogenesis take part:

5. at increase of body mass:

8. nuclei are radioactive if:

9. which of the following is correct:

10. which of the following expressions is correct:

11. stimulation of photoreceptors by light rays is transmitted to optic nerve via:

12. proteins involved in photoreception contain:

13. Which of the following statements is false:

c. = eU, where me - mass of an electron, v - its velocity, U - potential difference

d. = eU, where me - mass of an electron, v - its velocity, U - potential difference

15. Energy of binding equals

16. γ - rays (gamma rays) are electromagnetic radiation of

17. Which of the following statements is true:

18. Therapeutic application (for treatment purposes) of x-rays is based on their

19. Under the conditions of inverted population

21. Spontaneous emission is

23. Which of the following is a correct definition of photobiological processes

25. Which of the following statements is false regarding electrocardiography

26. Which of the following statements is false regarding electroencephalography

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