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Summary of Lesson 4 - Preparing Data

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31 views4 pages

Summary of Lesson 4 - Preparing Data

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sergio
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Summary of Lesson 4: Preparing Data

Reading and Filtering Data

Creating a copy of data:

DATA output-table;
SET input-table;
RUN;

Filtering rows in the DATA step:

DATA output-table;
SET input-table;
WHERE expression;
RUN;

Specifying columns to include in the output data set:

DROP col-name <col-name>;

KEEP col-name <col-name>;

Formatting columns in the DATA step:

DATA output-table;
SET input-table;
FORMAT col-name format;
RUN;

Computing New Columns

Using expressions to create new columns:

DATA output-table;
SET input-table;
new-column = expression;
RUN;

The name of the column to be created or updated is listed on the left side of the equals sign.

Provide an expression on the right side of the equal sign.

SAS automatically defines the required attributes if the column is new – name, type, and
length.

A new numeric column has a length of 8.

The length of a new character column is determined based on the length of the assigned
string.

Character strings must be quoted and are case sensitive.

Creating character columns:

LENGTH char-column $ length;

Using functions in expressions:

function(argument1, argument 2, ...);

DATA output-table;
SET input-table;
new-column=function(arguments);
RUN;

Functions for calculating summary statistics (ignore missing values):

SUM(num1, num2, ...) calculates the sum


MEAN(num1, num2, ...) calculates the mean
MEDIAN(num1, num2, ...) calculates the median

RANGE(num1, num2, ...) calculates the range


MIN(num1, num2, ...) calculates the minimum
MAX(num1, num2, ...) calculates the maximum
N(num1, num2, ...) calculates the nonmissing
NMISS(num1, num2, ...) calculates the missing

Character functions:

UPCASE(char1) changes letters in a character string to uppercase or lowercase


LOWCASE(char1)
PROPCASE(char1) changes the first letter of each word to uppercase and other letters to
lowercase
CATS(char1, char2, ...) concatenates character strings and removes leading and trailing
blanks from each argument
SUBSTR(char, position, returns a substring from a character string
<length>)

Date functions that extract information from SAS date values:

MONTH(sas-date- returns a number from 1 through 12 that represents the month


value)

YEAR(sas-date-value) returns the four-digit year


DAY(sas-date-value) returns a number from 1 through 31 that represents the day of the
month
WEEKDAY(sas-date- returns a number from 1 through 7 that represents the day of the week
value) (Sunday=1)

QTR(sas-date-value) returns a number from 1 through 4 that represents the quarter

Date functions that create SAS date values:

TODAY() returns the current date as a numeric SAS date value

MDY(month, day, year) returns SAS date value from month, day, and year values
YRDIF(startdate, enddate, calculates a precise age between two dates. There are various
‘AGE’) values for the third argument. However, "AGE" should be used
for accuracy.

Conditional Processing

Conditional processing with IF-THEN logic:

IF expression THEN statement;

Conditional processing with IF-THEN-ELSE:

IF expression THEN statement;


:
<ELSE IF expression THEN statement;>
<ELSE IF expression THEN statement;>
ELSE statement;

Processing multiple statements with IF-THEN-DO:

IF expression THEN DO;


<executable statements>
END;
<ELSE IF expression THEN DO;
<executable statements>
END;>
ELSE DO;
<executable statements>
END;

After the IF-THEN-DO statement, list any number of executable statements.

Close each DO block with an END statement.

Copyright © 2022 SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA. All rights reserved.
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