Geographical Position UK

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THE UNITED KINFDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND

1. Geographical Position

The UK of GB and NI is situated on the British Isles, a large group of islands lying off
the north –western coast of Europe and is separated from the continent by the English
Channel and the Strait of Dover in the south and the North Sea in the east. Historically the
territory of the UK is divided into 4 parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
The total area of the UK is 244 square kilometers.
Apart from the land border with the Irish Republic, the UK is surrounded by sea. To
the south of England and between the UK and France is the English Channel. The North Sea
lies to the east. To the west of Wales and northern England and to the southeast of Northern
Ireland, the Irish Sea separates GB from Ireland, while South Western England, the North
Western coast of NI, and western Scotland face the Atlantic Ocean.
The name Britain is sometimes used to refer to the UK as a whole. The capital is
London, which is among the world’s leading commercial, financial, and cultural centres.
Other major cities include Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester in England, Belfast and
Londonnery in NI, Edinburgh and Glasgow in Scotland, and Swansea and Cardiff in Wales.
The capital, London, is situated on the River Thames in South Eastern England.
GB is traditionally divided into a highland and a lowland zone. The UK consists of
rugged, undeveloped hills and low mountains but there are flat and gently rolling plains in
the eastern and South Eastern areas of the country. The Highlands are the highest mountains
in the British Isles. The highest point in the UK is Ben Nevis and is located in Scotland.
The longest river in the UK is the River Severn which flows through both Wales and
England. Other rivers in the UK are: the Thames, the Tay, the Bann, the Tywi. The largest
lakes are: Lough Neagh, Loch Lomond, Windermere, Llyn Tegid (Bala Lake). The deepest
lake in the UK is Loch Morar. The deepest lake in England is Wastwater. Loch Ness is the
UK’s largest in terms of volume.
The climate of the UK is considered temperate. It is moderated by its maritime
location and the Gulf Stream. However, the UK is known for being very cloudy and rainy
throughout much of the year. The western parts of the country are the wettest and windiest,
while the eastern portions are drier and less windy. London, located in England in the south
of the UK, has a January average low temperature of 2,4 C and a July average temperature of
23 C.
The UK has made significant contributions to the world economy, especially in
technology and industry. Since World War II the UK’s most prominent exports have been
cultural, including literature, theatre , film, television, and popular music. Britain’s greatest
export has been the English language, now spoken in every corner of the world as one of the
leading international mediums of cultural and economic exchange.

 Comprehension
 Answer the questions below according to the text.
1. What is the official name of the UK?
2. How many countries are there in the UK? Name them.
3. What is the total area of the UK?
4. What is the weather like in the UK?
5. What is the capital of the UK?
6. What separates GB from Europe?
7. What do the UK territories consist of?
8. What are the highest mountains in the British Isles?
9. What are the largest lakes in the UK?
10.What has been Britain’s greatest export?
11.What are the largest cities in the UK?

 Research and present


 Search in the internet to learn more about the four countries in the UK: England,
Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Choose one and make a presentation
about it including:
- Location
- Symbols
- Capital
- Landmarks
- People’s activities and interests.

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