Revision Questions

Introduction to ICT
1. For each of the following, give one reason why they are not allowed in a computer laboratory.
(2 marks)

(i) Smoking.
_______________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Eating foods.
_______________________________________________________________________________
(iii) Beverages/liquids.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Why would it not be good to install Powder or Water-based fire extinguishers in the computer room?
(2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. (a) State one reason why a computer needs to be connected to a stable power supply.
(1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Give two reasons why it would be necessary to have a UPS (Uninterruptible power supply) in a
computer laboratory. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Mention two things that are likely to cause eye-strain in the computer room. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. Computers are usually susceptible to dust, humidity, and heat. State two ways of how you would
control each of the three hazards in a typical computer laboratory? (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. A computer must go through the process of booting/initialization before use.
(a) Briefly explain the term “computer booting”. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Explain what happens in the computer during the booting process. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Give and explain two types of booting. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What type of memory is used to store the boot up program (the first program to be
executed on switching on a computer. (1 mark)

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 ________________________________________________________________________________
(e) State two ways of warm booting a computer. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
f) Describe the ideal environment for a computer laboratory
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Input and Output Devices
1. Name four factors one would consider when selecting a data input device. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. Complete the following sentences, using items from the list below.
(a) A device that reads black and white lines on a product is called
__________________________________________________________________________________
(b) A device that inputs the sound made by a human voice is called
__________________________________________________________________________________
(c) A device which is used to read the data from the bottom of bank cheques is called
__________________________________________________________________________________
(d) An input device used to input the biometric details of the eye is called
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. Tick the most appropriate method of storing data for each of the following uses.

4. Complete the table by identifying the most appropriate input device for each type of application.

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5. (a) Identify five different items of data that are input at an ATM when cash is withdrawn by a
customer or read from the card.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
(b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of a local ATM to withdraw cash rather
than travelling to a bank. (4 marks)
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
6. (a) Identify two advantages and four limitations of the Speech recognition devices. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) State two situations in which speech recognition devices may be useful as a method of data entry.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. George connected new multimedia speakers to his computer and tried to play his favourite music CD,
but no sound came out. Suggest two problems that might have occurred. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. (a) Define the following terms: (3 marks)
i) Port.
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Data interface cable.
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) Power cable.
___________________________________________________________________________
9. (a) With reasons, briefly describe the most appropriate type of printer or output device for the output of:
(6 marks)
i. Customer invoices on multiparty stationery.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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 ii. Letters to customers.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
iii. Detailed engineering designs.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
The CPU Structure
State the function of each of the following computer bus. (3 marks)
(a) Data bus.
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Address bus.
_______________________________________________________________________________
(c) Control bus.
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe three functions performed by the CPU. (3 marks)
(b) Explain the functions performed by each of the following central processing unit elements.
i) Control Unit. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Arithmetic and Logic Unit. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) Registers. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________
iv) The Main memory. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
v) The System clock. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________
3. (a) Give two reasons why it is necessary for a computer to have secondary/backing storage facilities
(2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
(b) List three different examples of auxiliary storage devices. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Differentiate between:
i) Fixed and removable disks. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
ii) Volatile memory and Non-volatile memory. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
iii) Magnetic and Optical storage media. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
5. The diagram below shows a formatted plate surface of a storage disk.

4
 Shade and label:
(a) one sector (1 mark)
(b) one block (1 mark)
6. (a) List any four examples of Optical storage devices. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Give two application areas that make extensive use of Optical disks. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Give two advantages of a Digital Versatile Disk over a normal Compact disk.
(2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Operating System Test

1. The central processor and peripheral devices of a computer system are coordinated by the operating
system.

(a) Define the term ‘Operating system’ (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Other than the processor, list two other resources/components that an operating system manages.
(2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(c) There are several types of operating systems in use today. State two examples of operating systems
with which you are familiar. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Explain why Operating systems are so important. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Explain any five basic functions of an operating system software. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Show the difference between the Control Unit of a processor and the Operating system in terms of
functionality. (2 marks)

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 ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. (a) Explain what is meant by system Interrupt? (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b). Name any five examples of system interrupts and their possible causes. (10 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c). Mention two advantages of using interrupts for input or output devices. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. One of the tasks of an operating system is to allow communication between the computer and the user.
State any four system messages from the computer to the operator. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. (a) Why must an operating system be installed in the computer before installing any other software.
(1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Differentiate between scheduling and sequencing of tasks by the operating system.
(2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. (a) Give three ways in which operating systems are classified. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Giving an example in each case, explain the following types of operating systems:
i) Single-user / Single-tasking (2 marks)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
ii) Multi-user / Multi-tasking (2 marks)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
9. (a) Give two examples of single-user operating system. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________________
(b) State any three computer software that can be classified as a Multi-user operating system.
(3 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
10. Outline three precautions one should take when assembling a computer. (3 marks)
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 ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
11. A computer user may interact with a computer either through Graphical User Interface (GUI) or
through typed commands.
(a) State two features of a graphical user interface. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Give two advantages of using GUI based operating system over a Command line interface.
(1 mark)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Some computer systems still use Command line interfaces. State two advantages of command line
interface. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
12. Discuss the purpose and use of the following software found in microcomputers:
i) System software. (8 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Application software. (7 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(c) You have been asked by a local secondary school to assist them in selecting a microcomputer for
their use. Discuss five hardware and five software factors you would consider in order to select the
most suitable computer system. (10 marks)

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

13. Give two reasons why people prefer in-house developed application programs to general-purpose
application packages. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

14. (a) Why is it important to carefully study a warranty before committing yourself by signing it?
(1 mark)

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15. State three merits of Menu driven interface over a Command based interface. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
16. What is a Deadlock in reference to operating systems? (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
17. Explain briefly the following concepts as used in the Windows environment:
(a) Desktop. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Window. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(c) Icon. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(d) Sidekick menu. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(e) Taskbar. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(f) Task (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
18. (a) Identify three Application software that are installed in your computer. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

19. (a) What is disk formatting? (1 mark)

___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Why should precautions be taken while formatting disk? (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
20. Differentiate between Hard-sectored and soft-sectored disk. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
21. Distinguish between disk compression and disk defragmentation. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
22. (a). Define ‘Folder/ directory tree’ (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________________
(b). Give two examples of root directories you know. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Give three uses of sub-directories or subfolders. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
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23. Identify two factors that you would consider when choosing an operating system for use in a computer.
(2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

24. You are employed in an organization as a computer operator in the Accounts department. The
following are some of the tasks you are supposed to perform:
 Data entry.
 Ensuring that data entered in the computer is stored in a well-organized manner.
 Backing up data.
 Monitoring hard disk space of all computers in the department.
(a) What is used in Microsoft Windows to store programs and files in a well-organized manner?
(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Explain two methods of backing up data into a storage device in Windows.
(2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(c) Identify two reasons why a user needs to know the space available for data storage in the hard disk.
(2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
25. Differentiate between single-purpose programs and integrated software. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
26. (a) A firm intends to purchase new software. List three items that should accompany the software.
(3 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(b) When buying a new software product, usually an installation guide is needed by the buyer. State
one reason for this. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________________

27. (a) Explain the following software terms: (3 marks)

(i) Authenticity.
____________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Portability.
____________________________________________________________________________
(iii) Modularity.
____________________________________________________________________________
28. A school bought a computer system. The hardware items supplied include: a 800 MHz processor, 640
MB of RAM, a sound card, speakers, a monitor, a keyboard, a 120 GB hard disk, a floppy disk drive, a
CD -Read/Write drive, a mouse, a modem, an inkjet printer, and a joystick.
The software supplied include: an operating system, a BASIC interpreter, and the following packages:
spreadsheets, graphics, word processor, art, database and games.

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 (a). List three input devices from the given specifications. (3 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

(b). Explain the meaning of the following:

(i). 800 MHZ (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________________

(ii). 640 MB of RAM (2 marks)

__________________________________________________________________________
(iii). 120 GB hard disk (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________________
(c). Some of the students in the school use the computer to do homework.
Name the package used to:
(i) Do calculations and draw graphs. (1 mark)
_________________________________________________________________________
(ii). Write an essay. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________
(iii). Make a poster. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________
(d). Students enjoy playing noisy computer games.
(i). Which two hardware items are needed to produce sound? (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________________
(ii). Which input device is only used for playing games? (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________
29. A school organizes its work in directories. The directory WP contains the files CATS, EXAMS and
ASSIGNMENTS. The directory SP contains the spreadsheet files. The directory DB contains the
database files. The directory PROG is contained in the OTHERS directory. The directory WP also
contains the PERSONAL directory. Given that the directory STUDENT contains directories SP, DB,
WP and OTHERS. Draw the directory tree structure with C as the root (7 marks)

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(a). Write the path at which the contents of subdirectory DB can be erased or displayed.
(2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(c). Write the path for the directory PROG. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(d). Give three reasons for storing files in directories and subdirectories. (3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

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Spreadsheets

1. The cells K3 to K10 of a worksheet contain remarks on students’ performance such as Very good,
Good, Fair and Fail depending on the average mark. Write a formula that can be used to count all
students who have the remark “Very good”. (3 marks)

2. The following information shows the income and expenditure for “Bebayote” matatu for five days.
The income from Monday to Friday was Kshs. 4,000, 9,000, 10,000, 15,000, and 12,000 respectively
while the expenditure for the same period was Kshs. 2,000, 3,000, 7,000, 5,000, and 6,000 respectively.
(i) Draw a spreadsheet that would contain the information. Indicate the rows as 1, 2, 3 …. and the
columns as A, B, C ….. (4 marks)

(ii) State the expression that would be used to obtain:

i. Monday’s profit (2 marks)
____________________________________________________________________________
ii. total income (2 marks)
_____________________________________________________________________________
iii. highest expenditure. (2 marks)
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. (a) Distinguish between the following sets of terms as used in spreadsheets.
(i) Worksheet and workbook. (2 marks)
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 ________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Filtering and sorting. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________

4. State any four data types used in a spreadsheet. (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

5. Andrew, Jane, David and Zablon had Tea, Sausages and Bananas for breakfast. They took one sausage,
two sausages, three sausages and one sausage respectively. In addition, they each took a cup of tea and
two bananas. Tea, sausages and bananas cost Ksh. 10, 15, and 5 respectively.

(a) By naming columns A, B, C, ………and rows 1, 2, 3……….Construct a worksheet showing the

above information. (7 Marks)

(b) State the expression you would use to obtain:

i) Total expenditure by David. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________
ii) Total number of sausages taken. (2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________________
iii) The cost of the cheapest item. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________
6. Define the following terms as used in spreadsheets: (6 marks)
(i) Values
________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Formula
________________________________________________________________________
(iii) Function
________________________________________________________________________
(iv) Labels
________________________________________________________________________
(b). List four examples (show range of cells)
i. mathematical functions

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 _______________________________________________________________________
ii. statical functions
_______________________________________________________________________
iii. logical functions
________________________________________________________________________
iv. Date and time functions
_________________________________________________________________________
7. (a) Describe the three components of a spreadsheet. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

(c) Apart from Microsoft Excel, give any four other application programs classified as spreadsheets.
(2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

8. Explain five application areas where spreadsheet software can be used. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
9. Explain five features (advantages) of electronic spreadsheet software. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. Identify and briefly explain five data management tools used in spreadsheets (10 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
11. Explain the following spreadsheet errors
i. ######## ____________________________________________________________________
ii. #Div/0 _______________________________________________________________________
iii. #Num! _______________________________________________________________________
12. The following is a simple payroll:

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 (a) W
rite formulae using cell names for the following expressions. State where the formula is placed:
(10 marks)

(i) Basic pay = Hours worked x Hourly rate. __________________________________________

(ii) Allowances are allocated at 10% of the Basic pay. ___________________________________
(iii) Gross pay = Basic pay + Allowances. _____________________________________________
(iv) Tax deduction is calculated at 20% of the Gross pay. _________________________________
(v) Net pay = Gross pay – Tax deductions. ____________________________________________
Database
1. (a) Define a Database, and give two examples of database programs in use today. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. List five features found in an electronic database management system. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. State three advantages of an electronic database over the traditional file management system.
(3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. (a) Distinguish between the following terms in relation to a database: (6 marks)
i) Field type and field properties.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Records and Fields.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) AND and OR operators.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(b). Explain three types of database models. (3 marks)

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 ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Explain three major concerns in database systems. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. Identify five functions of a Database management system. (5 marks)
__________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. Name two different types of tools one can use to search for data in a database. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. (a) Differentiate between: (4 marks)
i) Primary key and Relationship.
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
ii) Primary key and Index.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) Table and Query.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(b) What is the importance of the Primary key? (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Internet
1. Explain the following: (3 marks)
(a) Internet.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Intranet.

16
 ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(c) File Server.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. List any three major services provided on the Internet. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Name four facilities that are needed to connect to the Internet. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Your manager wishes to be connected to the Internet. He already has a powerful Personal Computer
(PC), a Printer, and access to a Telephone line. However, he understands that he will need a Modem.
Required:
(a) State why a modem is required to connect him to the Internet. (2 marks)

_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

(b) Suggest any four application areas in which you would expect a supermarket retail manager to use
the Internet. (4 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. (a) What is a Website? (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Give the advantages and disadvantages of a Website. (4 marks)

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
6. (a) What is meant by the term E-learning? (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) A school intends to set-up an e-learning system. List three problems that are likely to be
encountered. (3 marks)

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 ________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
7. (a) What are network Protocols?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Write the following in full:
i) TCP/IP
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) HTML
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) HTTP
___________________________________________________________________________
iv) FTP
___________________________________________________________________________
8. (a) Explain the meaning of the following concepts as used in Internet: (6 marks)
i) Internet service provider (ISP)
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Web pages
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) Internet telephony
___________________________________________________________________________
iv) Browser software
___________________________________________________________________________
v) Hyperlink
___________________________________________________________________________
(b) Name three examples of Internet Service Providers (ISP) in Kenya. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________

9. Give two common examples of web browsing software. (1 mark)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. Briefly describe four advantages of using Internet to disseminate information compared to other
conventional methods. (8 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
11. (a) Identify the parts of the following e-mail address labelled A, B, C, and D. (4 marks)
[email protected]

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 A B C D
(b) Mention two examples of e-mail software. (2 marks)
12. Explain the following internet address http://www.google.com in reference to the structure of a URL.

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
13. Identify institutions whose e-mail addresses end with the following extensions: (6 marks)
i) .org__________________________________________________________________________
ii) .edu__________________________________________________________________________
iii) .com _________________________________________________________________________
iv) .net__________________________________________________________________________
v) .mil _________________________________________________________________________
vi) .gov _________________________________________________________________________
14. (a) Discuss four advantages and two disadvantages that electronic mails have over regular mails.
(6 marks)
(b) Give three differences between Post-office mail and Electronic mail (E-mail). (3 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

15. (a) What is a Search engine? (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Give four examples of search engines you know. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) State two ways that search engines use to locate Web pages. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
16. List two advantages of using Hyperlinks when browsing the Internet. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
17. The Internet can be used to source information about emerging issues that may not be available in print
form. Give two advantages and two disadvantages of information obtained from the Internet.
(4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Data Security & Control

(a) Data Security and Controls

1. (a) Differentiate between Data Security and Data Integrity. (2 marks)

19
 ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Give the three types of data that should be protected in a computer. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. State any three threats to data and information. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. State five possible ways of preventing data loss from a computer. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. (a) Define the term Computer crime. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Explain the meaning of each of the following with reference to computer crimes.
i) Tapping
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Piracy.
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) Trespass.
___________________________________________________________________________
iv) Industrial espionage
___________________________________________________________________________
v) Data alteration
___________________________________________________________________________
vi) Fraud
___________________________________________________________________________
vii) Firewalls
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Give two reasons that may lead to computer fraud. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. Outline four ways of preventing piracy with regard to data and information. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. (a) Differentiate between Hacking and Cracking with reference to computer crimes. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Describe the following terms with respect to computer security: (6 marks)
(i) Audit trail.
20
 ____________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Data Encryption.
____________________________________________________________________________
(iii) Log files.
____________________________________________________________________________
(iv) Firewalls.
____________________________________________________________________________
(v) Physical security
____________________________________________________________________________
(vi) Logic bombs.
____________________________________________________________________________
8. (a) What is a Computer virus? (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Outline four symptoms of a virus infection in a computer system. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) State two damages which a computer virus may cause to a computer. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(d) Explain three control measures you would take to protect your computers from virus attacks.
(3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
9. List three functions of an antivirus software. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. Computer systems need maximum security to prevent an unauthorized access. State six precautions
that you would expect an organization to take to prevent illegal access to its computer-based systems.
(6 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
11. (i) Explain what is meant by the term “computer security” (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(ii) State two environmental factors that can affect operations of a computer. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(iii) State two control techniques or measures that can be implemented to prevent the effect in (i) above.
(2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
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12. Explain why the following controls should be implemented for computer based systems.
i) Backups (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
ii) Air conditioning (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
iii) Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
iv) Segregation of duties (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
v) Passwords (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
13. Give four rules that must be observed in order to keep within the law when working with data and
information. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
14. (a) Define the term Computer ethics. (1 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Data Representation in Computers

1. Data in a computer is represented in one major form. Define the term ‘Data representation’ in a
computer. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. (a) Differentiate between Analogue data and Digital data. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Draw a sketch of:
(i). Analogue data signal. (1 mark)

22
 (ii). Digital data signal. (1 mark)

3. Give two reasons for the popularity of binary number representation. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Explain the role of a Modem in communication. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. Distinguish between the following terms as used in data representation in computers:
(i). A Byte and a Nibble. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(ii). Word and Word length. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6. Arrange the following data units in ascending order of size.
Byte, File, Bit, Nibble. (2 marks)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

7. Perform the following computer arithmetic. In each case, show how you arrive at your answer.
(a) Convert the following Decimal numbers to their Binary equivalent.
i) 11 (1 mark)

ii) 001 (1 mark)

iii) 457

23
(b) Convert the following Octal numbers to their Binary equivalent.
i) 77 (2 marks)

ii) 0000001 (2 marks)

(c) Use Binary addition to solve the following decimal summations.

i) 410 + 310 (2 marks)

ii) 1310 + 210 (2 marks)

(d) Convert the following Hexadecimal numbers to their Binary equivalent.

i) C3 (3 marks)

ii) 13 (3 marks)

(e) Convert the following Binary numbers to their Hexadecimal equivalent.

i) 110111.11 (2 marks)

ii) 1.1110101 (2 marks)

iii) 110000111111111111 (2 marks)

24
8. (a) State one use of hexadecimal notation in a computer. (1 mark)

(b) Convert 7678 to hexadecimal. (2 marks)

9. Use One’s compliment to solve the following sums:

i) 9–6 (3 marks)

ii) 17 – 15 (3 marks)

iii) 1110 – 1011 (2 marks)

iv) 111010 – 110011 (2 marks)

10. Perform the following conversions:

i) 20.216 to decimal. (3 marks)

25
 ii) 111012 to Decimal. (3 marks)

11. (a) Perform the following Binary arithmetic: 75 + 45 (2 marks)

(b). Use Two’s compliment to perform the following Binary subtraction:

i) 10111 – 10001 (2 marks)

ii) 11000 – 10011 (2 marks)

12. Use Two’s compliment to solve the following SUMS (the numbers are in decimal notation)
i) 23 – 20 (3 marks)

ii) 17 – 14 (3 marks)

13. Perform the following binary arithmetic:

(i). 11100111 + 00101110 (1 mark)

26
 (ii). 1000 – 101 (using 2’s complement) (2 marks)

14. Convert the decimal number 4 ¾ into binary form. (4 marks)

15. Convert the binary coded decimal number given into its hexadecimal equivalent.
100010012 (show your work clearly) (2 marks)

16. Work out the 8-bit binary two’s complement of the number -210 (3 marks)

17. Convert the hexadecimal number FC1 to its binary equivalent. (4 marks)

18. Convert 7AE16 to a decimal number. (3marks)

27
19. State three methods of representing data in binary number system. Hence represent -14 in three
different ways ( use 8 bit notation) (3 marks)

(b) Write the number 45110 in BCD notation. (1 mark)

20. (a) Subtract 01112 from 10012 (1 mark)

(c) Using two’s complement, subtract 7 from 4 and give the answer in decimal notation. (4 marks)

(c) Convert:
(i) 91B16 to octal (3 marks)

(ii) 3768 to hexadecimal (3 marks)

(iii) 9.62510 to binary (4 marks)

28
 (iv) Determine the sum of 1001012 and 011101012 given that the two numbers are sign bit

numbers (4 marks)

(v) Use twos complements to AD16-678 (5 marks)

21. Perform the following arithmetic operations

a. 7658 + 1648 (leave the answer in decimal format) (2 marks)

b. Use ones complements to perform: AB16 - D416 (5 marks)

c. Use direct binary addition and subtraction and leave the answer in octal notation

0111010.1102 + 11011.0112 -11011.1002 (3marks)

29
 d. Show the sum of the following two sign bit numbers: 1001012 and 01101012 (2 marks)

Data processing
1. Distinguish between Data and Information. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. Using an illustration, describe the four primary stages of the data processing cycle. (6 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Clearly differentiate between the following processing terms:
i) Data collection and Data capture. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
ii) Verification and Validation. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. (a) Give four methods of data collection. (4 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
5. (a) Explain the relevance of the term Garbage in Garbage out (GIGO) in reference to errors in data
processing. (1 mark)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Explain two main types of errors in data processing. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
6. (a) Name and explain the two types of transcription errors. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) State three types of computational errors. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. (a) Define the term Data integrity (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) State three ways of minimizing threats to data integrity. (3 marks)
30
 ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. (a) Briefly explain the following data processing modes:
i) Online processing. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Real-time processing. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) Batch processing. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iv) Interactive processing. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
v) Remote job entry. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
9. (a) Mention three features of a Real-time system. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Name two industries that extensively use Real-time processing. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. Most companies are now shifting from the use of centralized mainframe computers to the use of
geographically distributed personal computers. This method of data processing is known as Distributed
Data Processing (DDP).
i) Name any three computing resources that can be distributed. (3 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
ii) List down two benefits and three risks that might be associated with the distributed data
processing system. (5 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

31
11. List three factors to be considered when deciding on the choice of an electronic data processing
method. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
12. (a) What is a Computer file? (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Name the three constituent parts of a computer file. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) State and explain five different types of data processing files. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
13. Distinguish between Logical and Physical computer files. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
14. Arrange the following components of the information system data hierarchy in ascending order of
complexity:
Field, Database, Byte, Record, Bit, and File (4 marks)
Provide a brief description for each component.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
15. (a) State five advantages of storing data in computer files over the manual filing system. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Describe what is meant by each of the following filing systems: (4 marks)
i) Serial.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

32
 ii) Sequential.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) Indexed sequential.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iv) Random.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
(c) State three advantages of random file organization. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
16. State four file processing methods in a computer. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
17. Differentiate between “Serial access” and “Direct access”. Give an example of a storage media in each
case. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Computer Programming

1. Define the following terms: (6 marks)

i) Computer Program
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
ii) Programming.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
iii) Programming language.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
iv) Program portability.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
v) Algorithm
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
vi) Pseudocode.

33
 ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. (a) What are low-level languages? Give their features. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) State 2 advantages and disadvantages of low-level languages. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Distinguish between Machine language and Assembly language. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Most computer programming is carried out using High-level languages.
(a) What are High-level languages? (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Give three features of high-level programming languages. (3 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

(c) Give three advantages of High-level languages as opposed to Low-level languages. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

5. List three considerations which are present in Assembly language programming but not in high-level
programming. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

6. (a) Examine two features of fourth generation languages (4GLS) (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
34
 ___________________________________________________________________________________

(b) Highlight four advantages of fourth generation languages (4GLS) (4 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

(c) List three examples of fourth generation programming languages. (3 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

7. Describe the main feature of fifth generation languages. (1 mark)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. Explain the meaning of the following as used in computer programming. (2 marks)
(i). Syntax
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(ii). Semantic
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
9. Describe 5 factors to be considered while choosing a programming language. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. What does the following abbreviations stand for: (2 marks)
i) FORTRAN
______________________________________________________________________________
ii) COBOL
______________________________________________________________________________
iii) OOP
______________________________________________________________________________
11. (a) Define a Language translator. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________________
(b) What is the purpose of the following translator programs?
i) Assembler. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________
ii) Compiler. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________
35
 iii) Interpreter. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________
12. Outline the seven stages in program development cycle in their logical sequence. (7 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
13. In program development cycle, what takes place in:
(a) Problem definition. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Program documentation. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
14. Give two reasons why it is necessary to have a program design. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
15. Using illustrations, explain at least six symbols used in flowchart design. (6 marks)

16. Define the following types of computer program errors:

(a) Syntax error. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Logical error. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(c) Run-time (Execution) error. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(d) Semantic error. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
17. What do you understand by the following terms:
(a) Dry running. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Structured walkthrough. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(c) Test data. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(d) User Defined Function/ Procedure (UDF) (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
36
18. (a) What is Program Documentation? (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
(b) In what stage of the development does program documentation take pace? (1 mark)
________________________________________________________________________________
(c) State two reasons for documenting all the stages of program development. (2 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
(d) Describe three types of program documentation in reference to programming. (6 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
19. Briefly explain the purpose of the following types of program documents. (3 marks)
(i). User manual/guide
_______________________________________________________________________________
(ii). Reference guide
_______________________________________________________________________________
(iii). Quick reference guide.
_______________________________________________________________________________
20. (a) Explain the meaning of Program control structures. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Draw simple flowcharts to illustrate the following program control structure:
i). The Nested IF selection The FOR loop

ii). REPEAT…UNTIL loop.

37
21. (a) Define the term Structured programming. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) List any two characteristics of Structured programming. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Give two benefits of Structured programming. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
22. (a) List four selection control structures used in writing a program. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
23. State four features of a user-friendly program. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
24. Draw a flowchart for a program that would enable the user to enter student marks. The program should
then determine whether the mark entered is a pass or fail given that the pass mark is 50. (5 marks)

38
25. Write a pseudocode that reads temperature for each day in a week, in degree celcius, converts the
celcius into Fahrenheit and then calculate the average weekly temperatures. The program should output
the calculated average in degrees Fahrenheit. (5 marks)

26. Mwalimu Savings Society (MSS) pays 5% interest on shares exceeding 100,000 shillings and 3% on
shares that do not meet this target. However, no interest is paid on deposits in the member’s MSS bank
account.
(a) Design a pseudocode for a program that would:
i). Prompt the user for shares and deposit of a particular member.
ii). Calculate the interest and total savings.
iii).Display the interest and total savings on the screen for a particular member of the society.
(7 marks)

39
 (b) Draw a flowchart for the above pseudocode. (8 marks)

27. The following is a Pseudocode developed for processing employees’ payslips. Read through the
Pseudocode carefully, then draw a fitting flowchart. (5 marks)
Start
Initialize employee count to 0
Open employee file
Repeat
Read employee record
Compute gross pay
Compute deduction amount
Compute net pay
Output employee ID, gross pay, deduction, and net pay
Add 1 to count
Until end of employee file
Close employee file
Stop

40
28. A man deposits 1,000 in a bank at an interest rate of 10% per year. At the end of each year, the interest
earned is added to the amount on deposit and this becomes the new deposit for the next year.
Develop a pseudocode to determine the year in which the amount accumulated first exceeds 2,000.
Also for each year, print the year (starting from 1), the deposit, the Interest earned, and the total
accumulated at the end of the year.

41
29. Study the flowchart diagram below and answer the questions that follow:
Start

Sum: = 0
R: = 0

R=R+1
TERM: = R + (2)R
SUM: =SUM + TERM

NO
R =3?

YES

PRINT Sum

42
STOP
 (a) What will be the value of sum when printed? Show your workings. (5 marks)

(b) Write a Pseudocode for the above flowchart. (10 marks)

30. (a) Draw a flowchart that can be used to write a program for displaying the first 1000 integers in the
series of 2, 4, 6…. (7 marks)

43
 (b) Modify the flowchart to sum up the numbers in (b) i above. (3 marks)

31. The gross salary of employees of Mutson Chemist is based on the Basic salary and additional benefits.
Employees with more than 10 year’s experience get an additional pay of 10% of their basic salary.
Bonuses are given as per employees sales of the month as:
>200,000 15%
100,000 – 200,000 10%
Below 100,000 5%
Draw a flowchart for the program that will calculate Gross salary and output each employees Basic
salary, Gross salary and all benefits. (15 marks)

44
32. The following flowchart can be used to list the even numbers between 1 and 100 inclusive.
Start

Even =2

Write (Even)
Even = Even +2

Is Even < YES

100

NO

Stop
(a) What will be the output from the flowchart if the statement in the decision box is changed to:
(6 marks)
(i) Even = 100

(ii) Even =< 100

(iii) Even > 100.

(b) Modify the flowchart so that it prints the sum of all the even numbers between.
(5 marks)

45
33. Bidii wholesalers has two categories of customers for order processing. Category ‘A’ obtains 10%
discount on all orders up to Ksh. 10,000 otherwise the discount is 20% on the entire order. Category
‘B’ obtains 30% discount on all orders if the debt repayment is ‘good’ otherwise the discount is 15%.
Draw a flowchart for the order processing. (15 marks)

34. Draw a flowchart to compare three non-equal numeric values A, B, C and print the largest of the three.
(11 marks)

46
Systems Development
1. (a) What is a Information system? (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Differentiate between soft systems and hard systems. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Explain five characteristics of a system. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(d) State and explain three purposes of information systems in organizations. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Highlight three circumstances that necessitate the development of new information systems.
(3 marks)
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. State four roles played by an Information system analyst. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Define the following terms:
i) System control.
_____________________________________________________________________________
ii) System boundary.
_____________________________________________________________________________
iii) Online analytical processing.
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Explain three system development theories and methods. (6 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. (a) State one disadvantage of the Traditional approach in system development. (1 mark)

47
 ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) State one advantage and one disadvantage of Rapid Application Development method. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. Outline seven stages followed when creating an information system. (7 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. (a) Define the term Feasibility study as used in system development. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) List four contents of a feasibility study report. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. Your school has a plan to acquire and install computers.
(a) List six criteria considered when deciding between the various computer suppliers who have
submitted their tenders. (6 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

(b) The school’s Board of Governors has employed an independent expert to carry out the feasibility
study of the project. List four essential components of this study. (4 marks)
(c) _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
48
 (d) State any five in-depth fact findings about the existing school system. (5 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

(c) State four methods that can be used to gather information during system development.
(4 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

9. (a) Identify two advantages and two disadvantages of Observation method used in fact-finding.
(4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

(b) State two advantages and two disadvantages of the Interview method when used for information
gathering. (4 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

10. Explain the concept of Proxemics in interviews. (1 mark)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

49
11. (a) Explain the importance of using Automated methods in fact finding. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Give one example of Automated information gathering technique. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
12. (a) State four factors that may be considered in order to design a good file. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Explain why it is important to consider file backup and recovery strategies during file design.
(1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
13. Outline three factors that should be considered when sourcing for hardware and software resources
required for a new system. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
14. State two methods/tools that a system Analyst may use to design a system. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
15. Explain three tasks that are carried out during system implementation. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
16. Most information systems are reviewed or critically examined 3 – 6 months after they have been
implemented or put into operation.
i) State the purpose or objective of this review. (4 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
ii) List four areas of systems operation on which the review focuses. (4 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
17. The company you work for has decided to replace its inventory control system. The current system
was implemented ten years ago but has restricted reporting facilities and has a text-based interface. As

50
 the project manager, you are now considering details of implementation. You have been advised that
you should consider both ‘Parallel running” and “direct changeover/conversion”.
(a) Explain the following terms as used in program implementation: (2 marks)
i) Parallel running.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
ii) Direct changeover
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Give one advantage of Direct changeover over Parallel running. (1 mark)
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
(b) Identify two main risks of direct changeover, and suggest how these risks might be reduced for the
inventory control system implementation. (6 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
18. Your school wishes to replace the original filing system with an Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) system.
(a) Name two things the school must be sure of before replacing the old system. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Mention four problems that may arise in case the manual system is phased out completely and
replaced with the ICT system. (4 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(c) Give two advantages of running both the manual system and the ICT system simultaneously.
(2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(d) Mention any two disadvantages of running the two systems simultaneously. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(e) Outline five basic qualifications of the IT manager should the school need to employ one.
(5 marks)
51
 _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Networking & Data Communication

1. Define the following terms: (2 marks)
(i). Computer network.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(ii). Data communication.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. (a) Describe the three modes of data transmission on a network. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) State the factors to be considered while selecting a data transmission system. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
3. Differentiate between a MODEM and a MULTIPLEXER. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. Differentiate between: (8 marks)
(a) A Network server and a workstation.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Remote client and remote host.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(c) Half duplex and full duplex transmissions.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. A student typed an e-mail to send over the Internet through a modem working at a speed of 100 Mbps.
Calculate the maximum number of characters that can be sent per second if each character consists of 8
bits. (2 marks)

52
6. Explain the meaning of the following terms as used in networking:
(i). Bandwidth. (1 mark)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(ii). Guard band. (1 mark)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(iii). Broadband (1 mark)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(iv). Base band (1 mark)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(v). Resource (1 mark)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(vi). Server (1 mark)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(vii). Client / workstation (1 mark)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
7. (a) State the type of data communication media that could be used in an electronically noisy
environment. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Explain your answer in (a) above. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(i). (a) Examine the major characteristics of each of the three types of computer networks.(9 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

(b) Briefly explain four important benefits of using Local Area Networks (LANs) at an
institution such as a college. (8 marks)
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

53
 (d) List three differences between Wide Area Network (WAN) and Local Area Network (LAN).
(3 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. (a) Define the term Transmission media. (1 mark)
__________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Give two advantages and two disadvantages of each of the following network transmission media.
i) Twisted pair cables.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Coaxial cables.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) Fibre optic cables.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iv) Wireless / Microwave / Radio transmission.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
9. Explain the line of sight principle in wireless communication. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. (a) Explain the function of each of the following on a network:
i) Network Interface Card (1 mark)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
ii) Repeater (1 mark)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
iii) Gateway. (1 mark)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
(b) Differentiate between a router and a gateway as used in networking. (2 marks)

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11. (a) Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow:

C D

i) Name the communication media depicted in the above diagram. (1 mark)

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii) Name the parts labelled A, B, C and D. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
iii) List three advantages of the above communication media. (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
12. (a) Define a computer terminal as used in a communication network. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) List any two items that may be referred to as Data Terminal Equipment in a network (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

(c) Distinguish between an intelligent terminal and a dump terminal. (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
13. (a) List two types of network software. (2 marks)
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 ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Outline five functions of network operating system. (5 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
14. (a) Give four examples of protocols used in networking. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Outline the seven open system interconnection (OSI) reference model layers. (7 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

15. (a) Define the term Network topology. (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Distinguish between Logical and Physical network topology. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
16. State and briefly describe any five types of physical network topologies used in LAN. (10 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

17. (a). Briefly explain the following terms as used in networking: (2 marks)
(i). Remote communication.

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 ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
(ii). Distributed processing.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
18. (a) With the aid of a diagram, explain hierarchical (tree) network topology. (3 marks)

(b) List two advantages and two disadvantages of hierarchical network topology. (4 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

19. State the purpose of each of the following: (2 marks)

(i) file server software
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(ii) communication software
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

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20. (a) The diagram below shows four common network topologies A, B, C and D.

W X Y

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
TOPOLOGY A
TOPOLOGY B

TOPOLOGY C TOPOLOGY D

Server Terminal Printer

(i) Name the network topologies labelled A, B, C and D. (4 marks)

58
 _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Explain what happens if server X in topology A fails. (1 mark)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(iii) List two problems associated with network topology B. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(iv) List two disadvantages associated with network topology D. (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(b) Differentiate between Internet and World Wide Web. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Describe the following network services and identify their applications.
(i) Voice mail. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(ii) Video conferencing. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Practical Papers
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QUESTION 1
a) Use a DTP software to design the publication as shown below (1 mark)

b) Prepare the page layout as follows:

(i) Paper size A4 portrait. (2 marks)
(ii) Set the margins to 0.5 inches all round. (2 marks)
(iii) Divide the page into TWO equal horizontal parts using a ruler. (2 marks)
(iv) The border should occupy half the page from the margins. (2 marks)
c) Create the logo to occupy between 0.8’’ to 1.80’’ left and 0.70’’ to 1.85’’ from top.(9 marks)
d) The title should occupy between 1.70’’ to 7.50’’ across and 0.75’’ to 1.45’’ from top. Font Arial
black with italics and fill effect pattern of dark horizontal.(7 marks)
e) The OFFICIAL RECEIPT should occupy 2.50’’ to 5.70’’ acrossand 1.50’’ to 2.00 from top. Font Book
antique size 26, bold and centered.(4 marks)
f) The rest of the text is in font Bodoni MT size 12, except for the footer which is size 9.(9 marks)
(i) Align all the text as shown. (2 marks)
(ii) Group the publication as one. (2 marks)
g) Fit TWO copies of the design into a single page. (1 mark)
h) Include a page header with your name, class and index.(4 marks)
i) Save as INVOICE. (1 mark)
j) Print the publication. (2 marks)

Question 2.
60
 The table below shows records extracted from KASSU MOTORS. Create a database and name it
KASSU MOTORS. (1 mark)

Customer Customer Customer Car Car Car Car Customer Amount

Name Address Town Reg NO Type Make price ID paid
Oguttu 254 Nakuru KAJ 001 Truck Nissan 1,100,000 B001 800,000
John 678 Eldoret KAM 002 Bus Mazda 2,400,000 B002 2,000,000
Uhuru 963 Nairobi KBB 003 Saloon Toyota 800,000 B003 800,000
Oguttu 147 Nakuru KAJ 004 Pick up Peugeot 1,000,000 B004 700,000
Chumba 456 Bungoma KBH678 Lorry Isuzu 3,000,000 B005 2,000,000
Kariuki 789 Webuye KAB 006 Pick up Toyota 1,800,000 B006 1,600,000
John 678 Eldoret KAJ 007 Bus Scania 7,500,000 B002 7,500,000
Uhuru 963 Nairobi KBC678 Truck Toyota 1,800,000 B003 1,800,000
Phillip 159 Kisumu KAJ 009 Saloon Nissan 9,00,000 B007 900,000
Oguttu 254 Nakuru KBH 010 Pick up Isuzu 1,500,000 B001 1,200,000
Uhuru 357 Kisumu KBJ 011 Saloon Peugeot 600,000 B008 600,000
Kariuki 789 Webuye KBG 012 Bus Isuzu 10,000,000 B006 9,500,000
Oguttu 147 Nakuru KBG 013 Truck Nissan 2,700,000 B004 2,700,000

a) Using the dataabove, create a table that will hold Car details and another table to hold Customer
details. Name them TBLCARandTBLCUSTOMERrespectively and set appropriate primary
keys
(4 marks)
b) Enforce referential integrity between two tables. (2 marks)

c) Create different input forms for each table.Name them FRMCARandFRMCUSTOMER. Use
them to enter data into the tables. (12 marks)
d) Display a report only showing the details of the Customers who have cleared paying for the Car.
Name the report RPTCLEARED. Add ‘’CLEARED CUSTOMERS’’ as the title of the report
(7 marks)
e) Using the two tables create an outlined report showing the customer details, the total amount
paid by each customer and the total amount received by KASSU MOTORS. Name the report
SUMMARY and the title as ‘OVERALLCUSTOMERSREPORT.’’ (8 marks)
f) Create a query to display the Car details with balances of less than 500,000 but not less than
300,000. Name the query as BALQUERY. (5marks)

g) Create a report showing the Car type, the total sales for each type and the grand total. Name the
report as RPTGRAND. (4 marks)
h) Using landscape orientation, print RPTCLEARED, SUMMARYandRPTGRANDwithfooters
bearing your lastname and index number at the center of the page. (7 marks).

Paper Two

Question One
(a) Create a database and save it as school database
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 (b) Create a Table called „Students Table‟ in the school database with the following
(7 marks)
FIELD NAME DATA TYPE FIELD SIZE/FORMAT
ADM-NO Text 10
Name Text 15
Surname Text 15
Tel – No Number Long Integer
Date of Birth Date/time Medium date
Fee – Paid Currency Currency
Foreigner Yes/No Yes/No

(c) Make the “ADM_Number” Find the Primary Key (1 mark)

(d) Open the “Students Table” and enter the following records (3 marks)

ADM – Name Surname Tel – No. Date of Free - paid Foreigner

NO. Birth
4567 John Maina Muiru 55-67543 19/09/1990 25000 No
4576 Mary Nthenya Mutua 44-23456 20/12/1991 27000 No
4398 Mark Okech Otieno 22-65473 13/03/1992 20000 No
5678 Peter Rick Ben 11-76742 15/06/1994 29000 Yes
4378 Joan Liz Patel 13-89734 18/09/1990 26000 Yes
4897 Peter Amos Ben 33-37482 17/04/1993 20000 Yes
4643 Muoka Muoki Nzoki 44-45362 12/12/1991 23000 No
(e) Insert the record given below as record 4 (2 marks)
4120 Rabecca Kalewa Ben 44-24242 13/10/1990 27000 No
(f) Delete Mary Nthenya record from the database file (2 marks)
(g) Sort the table in Ascending order by surname (2 marks)
(h) Move the Date – of – Birth and Tel – No fields so that the Date – of – Birth field is now
directly after the surname field (4 marks)
(i) Change the field size of the Surname to 20 (1 mark)
(j) Create a Form with all fields on the Students Table (2 marks)
(k) Name the form Students Entries (1 mark)
(l) Insert a picture in the form in way that all text is visible (3 marks)
(m) Create a report based on the Student‟s Table showing the Fields Name, Surname and Tel
No. (3 marks)
(n) Name report Telephone list (1 mark)
(o) Insert a picture in the report Header (2 marks)

(p) Create query 1 showing all fields of those students whose surname is Ben (3 marks)
(q) Create query 2 showing all fields of those students born after 1991 (3 marks)
(r) Create query 3 showing only the Student‟s name, Student‟s Surname and Student‟s Date
of birth (3 marks)
(s) Create a query 4 showing the fee balance of all students given the total fee is 35000 and
Fee – balance = Total _ Fee – Fee _ Paid (3 marks)
(t) Print Students table, Student Entries form, Telephone list, query_1, query_2 and query_3,
query 4. (4 marks)

62
Question 2 (50 marks)
The following is a worksheet extracted from business Join Venders. They have come together
to do a business of selling computer accessories.
Names Cost Sales Gross Expenditure Reserves Net profit Remarks
profit
Benson 700 350 450
Betwel 400 700 50
Kimwat 200 900 200
Amos 300 1000 300
Tembur 100 500 100
Korir 400 600 40
Towett 600 850 55
Maritim 500 350 70
Kerich 200 350 45
Beney 500 1000 40
Danson 600 900 170
Kones 900 1000 20
Koech 100 800 130

Additional Information
(a) Gross profit = Sales – Cost
(b) Net profit = gross profit – (expenditure + reserves)
(c) Reserves = 10% gross profit
(d) Remarks are: “very good vendor,” “good vendor” “domain vendoer” burden vendor”
“Quite vendor”
REQUIREMENT
(i) Create the workbook and enter the details, save as vendor (15 marks)
(ii) A) Keep the title of the workbook to be JOIN VENDORS and format it to be
bold, font size 14 and align at 200 (4 marks)
(e) Format the figures in sale column to 2 decimal places (3 marks)
i. Insert two rows between Tembur and Korrir and enter the records below: (5 marks)
ii. Name Bii, cost 100, ,sales 500 and expenditure 10
iii. Name Mutai. Cost 800. Sales 2000 and expenditure 80
(f) Use non function to calculate gross profit for each member (3 marks)
(g) Use product function to calculate reserves for each member (3 marks)
(h) Use “IF function” and net profit to analyses the vendors, taking the following remarks”
(6 marks)
(a) If net profit > = 500, then “very good vendor”
(b) If net profit > = 400, then “good vendor”
(c) If profit < = 300, then “domain vendor”

(i) Use names of the vendor and cost to insert a lien graph. Keep the title of the graph to be
PRODUCTIVE ANALYSIS, format it and place it in a Separate sheet.
(j) Save the changes as productive analysis (2 marks)
(k) Print the “Join vendor” and “productive analysis” including gridlines (4 marks)

63
Paper Three

Question 1

a. Use a DTP software to design the advertisement below and save it as national
(24 Marks)

b. Set the page to the following specifications

(i) Margins: Left 0.5”, Right 0.5”, Top 0.5”, Bottom 0.5” (4marks)

(ii) Change the font type for the table to agency FB (2marks)

(iii) Format the logo so that the upper part is red and the lower part is green
(6marks)

c. Fit TWO copies of the design into a single page in portrait orientation (6 marks

d. Include: (6 Marks)

i. Page header “Computer Studies” (center align)

ii. Page footer “your name” (left align) and “Index Number” (Right align)

e. Print the document (2 Marks)

Question 2
Mr. Kazenge is a sole proprietor who buys and sells computer peripheral devices. Within the month of
February 2014 he ordered several computer peripheral devices that were below the re-order level. He
made his order from several suppliers as indicated below.

64
 A B C D E

NO. NAME ITEM SOLD AMOUNT DATE

1 Juliet Joy stick 1000.00 08/02/2014

2 Dzame Scanner 5,000.00 02/02/2014

3 Esther Keyboard 200.00 07/02/2014

4 Nawate CD Writer 2,000.00 16/02/2014

5 Dzame Scanner 200.00 04/02/2014

6 Esther Keyboard 200.00 15/02/2014

7 Gloria Mouse 200.00 04/02/2014

8 Zawadi Printer 8,000.00 11/02/2014

9 Esther Keyboard 200.00 14/02/2014

10 Nawate CD writer 2,000.00 18/02/2014

11 Gloria Mouse 200.00 17/02/2014

12 Claudia Light pen 800.00 20/02/2014

i. Enter the data shown into a spreadsheet and save the sheet one as Order ( 17 Marks)
ii. Copy the content of Sheet 1 to Sheet 2 into the exact position and rename it as New price.
iii. Inserta new row after the Amount row and label it “New Price”. The suppliers of the items decided
to, increase all their items by 5%. Enter the percentage into cell A17. Using absolute referencing,
calculate the New price of each of the items in the “New price” column. (9 Marks)
iv. Copy the content of Sheet 1 to Sheet 3 and rename it as Subtotals. Using subtotals sheet Find subtotals
for each supplier and display the Grand Total. (5 Marks)
v.Using the subtotals sheet, Create a column graph (bar graph) to compare the total cost of all items
bought from each supplier. The x-axis should be labeled as “Customer Names” and the y-axis “cost
items’. Each bar should display a total value it represents on top of it and the supplier’s Name below
it. The title of the graph should read, SUPPLIERS DITSRIBUTION. Place the graph on a new sheet
and rename the sheet as BAR GRAPH (7 Marks)
vi. Insert a new sheet into the workbook. Rename this sheet as “Filtered”. Open the subtotals sheet. Filter
the records of all suppliers whose New price is greater than or equal to 6000 or less than
250.
Copy the results onto the “Filtered” sheet. (4 Marks)
vii. Open sheet 1. Restrict all the cells in the Amount column to allow entry of amounts between 0
and 6000. A message, “Input amount <= 6000” should be displayed whenever a cell is selected. In
case of an invalid entry, the message, “Amount >6000”, should be displayed. Save as restricted.
(6 Marks)
viii. Add a header as your name and School while the index number as footer for every sheet in
your workbook. (2 Marks)
ix. Print Order1, New Price, Subtotals, Filtered and the bar graph (5 Marks)
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Paper Four
Question One
The following data is an extract of data obtained from Chai company records. Study the data and
answer the questions that follow.
AREA PRODUCER NAME QUANTITY GROS TRANSPO DEDUCTIO NET
ID DELIVERED S RT N PAY
(KG) PAY COST
101B 115 John Kamau 4562
79A 145 Mathew B 1254
79A 012 Kanuga 235
Symon
79A 561 Ann 8954
Wangige
101B 016 Joseph 9658
Kaitano
20Z 123 Namachanja 7895
Esther
20Z 458 Kerobo 456
Betty
101B 654 Flo Ngina 421
20Z 758 Mary 7895
Nguriareng’

a) Enter the data shown above into a spreadsheet giving it an appropriate title centre and bolded
across the worksheet. Save the workbook as CHAT 001. And rename the worksheet as June
records
(10
Marks)
b) Copy the data to a new worksheet and add the details of producer James Kirega of area 101B,
id 452 with quantity of produce of 2,700kg in an appropriate row. (1
Mark)
c) Insert borders after every cell and every row. (2
Marks)
d) Use a function to calculate the gross pay for the producer with id number 115 given that the
price per KG of the produce is Sh.41 .00 (2
Marks)
e) Use the formula for gross pay obtained for producer John Kamau to calculate the gross pay for
all the farmers (2
Marks)
f) Use if function to calculate transport cost for all the producers given that transport is charged
per Kg is as follows (5
Marks)
AREA Price per kg

101B 5.00

20Z 3.50

79A 4.00

66
 g) Insert the value 20% in cell E14. Using absolute cell referencing calculate Deductions given
that the deduction is 20% of the cost. (4
Marks)
h) Using a function calculate the net pay given that Net pay is Gross pay — deductions and
transport cost (4
Marks)
i) Format the columns containing currency values to currency with 2 decimal places and prefix
Ksh. Rename the worksheet PRODUCE PAY and save it as CHAI 002 (3
Marks)
j) Arrange the records in ascending order of the producer id (2
Marks)
k) By applying suitable filter condition, display records for all producers except those from area
79A. Save it as CHAT 003 (4
Marks)
1) Use subtotals function to calculate subtotals for the quantity delivered, gross pay and net pay
from each area. (3
Marks)
m) Create an embedded pie chart showing the total quantity of produce delivered for each area the
chart should have the following details.)
. Chart title Area Total produce delivered
ii. Legend Position Right
Save it as CHART 1 (5 Marks)
n) Print CHAT 001, CHAI 002, and CHART 1 in landscape orientation. (3 Marks)

Question Two
a) Type the following document in a word processor and save it as Simulation (20
Marks)

Meaning
Is a method of approach to problems which involves building a model of the system to be investigated
observing the behavior of the system by gathering useful data about the model. It is therefore a ―Try and
see what happens‖ method which is cheaper than direct experimentation using the real system. In
business, the process of experimenting with a model usually consist of inserting different input values
and observing the resulting values.

Why use simulation

 Used where analytical techniques are not available or would be very complex. It is used in most
queuing systems, inventory control problems, production planning problems, corporate planning
etc.
 Simulation often provide an insight into a problem which would be unobtainable by other means.

67
Variables in a simulation model
a) Input variables – these are grouped further into;
i) Controlled input variables
These are variables which can be controlled by management like reorder level or reorder
quantity in a stock control system.
ii) Non controlled input variables
They are variables not controlled by management like the demand of goods in a stock control
system.
b) Parameters
These are input variables which have a constant value and are used to specify the relationship
between other variables.
c) Status variables
hese are general circumstances of a system which may affect the output such as times or seasons.
For instance demand in a queuing system like supermarket is greatly influenced by the season of
the year.
d) Output variables
These are the results of simulation. They arise from the calculations and tests performed in the
model using input variables, parameters and status variables.
The following table summarizes the types of simulation variables.

VARIABLES USED IN SIMULATION

Examples
Controlled Variables
VARIABL

 Reorder
 Reorder quantity
INPUT

Examples
Non controlled variables
ES

 Demand
Examples
PARAMETERS  Cost of stock out
Loss of good Loss of
will customers
STATUS VARIABLES
OUTPUT VARIABLES

Business models
A model is any representation (physical or abstract) of a real thing, event or circumstances. In business
planning, abstract or symbolic models are used and represent reality in numeric, algebraic or graphical
form. Another definition for a model is an intelligent representation of reality developed to help
forecast what might happen when an existing operation is enlarged or has extra demands made on it.

b) Format all the text in the document as

follows; Font – Arial
68
 Font size – 13pts(4 Marks)
c) Apply a hanging indent style to the first paragraph and 1.5 lines for line spacing (4 Marks)
d) Insert a footnote to the word simulation (The heading) as follows;
1. Using models of real objects, events or circumstances to study their behavior (3 Marks)
e) Adjust page margins of the entire document as
follows; Left – 0.7 inches
Right – 0.5
inches Top –
0.4 inches
Bottom - 0.4
inches
Also set the paper size to A4
f) Save the document as simulation 2. (2 Marks)
g) Move all text starting from ―variables in a simulation model‖ to the end of the table from the
current document to a new blank document, and save it as model variables. (7 Marks)
N/B: Don’t save the changes in simulation 2
h) Print simulation 2 and model variables (4 Marks)

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