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REPRODUCTION

There are two main types of reproduction: asexual and sexual. Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and produces offspring with identical genes. It includes processes like budding, spore formation, and vegetative propagation. Sexual reproduction involves two parents and the fertilization of an egg by sperm. In animals, fertilization can be external or internal, while in plants it typically involves pollen fertilizing an ovule. The resulting zygote develops into an offspring that receives its nourishment in different ways depending on if it is oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous.

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56 views8 pages

REPRODUCTION

There are two main types of reproduction: asexual and sexual. Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and produces offspring with identical genes. It includes processes like budding, spore formation, and vegetative propagation. Sexual reproduction involves two parents and the fertilization of an egg by sperm. In animals, fertilization can be external or internal, while in plants it typically involves pollen fertilizing an ovule. The resulting zygote develops into an offspring that receives its nourishment in different ways depending on if it is oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous.

Uploaded by

Teresa Marie Cordero
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© © All Rights Reserved
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REPRODUCTION-the biological process by which new individual

organisms called “offsprings” are produced from their parent.


-making new life.
-important for the perpetuation of species.
Gametes-reproductive cell of an animal or a plant cell.
Offspring-is the product of the reproductive processes of a
person, animal, or plant.
TYPES OF REPRODUCTION:
1. Asexual Reproduction-is the creation or new organism
from a single parent without the combination of gametes.
-the parent and the resulting offspring have the same genes
and this is the reason why they have the same traits.
-requires less energy since no mating is needed but can
produce many offspring at one reproductive cycle.
MODES OF ASEXUAL
DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
REPRODUCTION
When a parent
plant produces
hundreds of tiny
spores which can
grow into new
1. Spore
plants. When the Bread mold, Fern
Formation spore case opens,
the tiny spores are
released and
develops into a new
organism.
2. Budding When an outgrowth Coral, Hydra,
called a BUD grows Yeast
and develops from
the parent animal
and would
eventually separate
to become a new
individual.
A mode of asexual
reproduction
wherein two Sea anemone,
3. Fission
individuals will form Bacteria, Amoeba
as the parents
divide in half.
New organism grows
from a fragment of
the parent. Each of
4. Fragmentatio Planaria,
these fragments
n Cnidarians
develop into
matured, fully
grown individuals.
5. Regeneration When an organism Starfish, Lobster
replaces or repair a
lost damaged part
of the body.
A mode of asexual
reproduction in
plants where a new
6. Vegetative
plant can form from
Propagation the root, stem, or
leaf of an already
existing plant.

Different Types of Vegetative Propagation in Plants:


TYPES DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
1. Runners/Stolon An aboveground Bermuda grass,
stem that grows Strawberry
horizontally along
the surface when
the stem touches
the ground. Buds
from the stem form
roots and leaves,
and a new plant
develops.
An underground
stem that grows
horizontally along
the surface; shoots Ginger
2. Rhizomes
from buds at nodes
of the stem
develop into a new
plant.
Are enlarged and
thickened
3. Tubers Potato
underground stem
with buds or eye.
Have a short,
underground stem
and thick, fleshy
leaves that are
colorless. A bulb
4. Bulb Onions
can reproduce
several smaller
bulbs each of which
can grow into a
new plant.
5. Corm An enlarged, short Gabi
underground stem
that stores food.
Corms resembles
bulbs but do not
have thick, fleshy
leaves. New corms
develop from the
stem of an old corm
to produce new
plants.

2. Sexual Reproduction-a form of reproduction that involves


two parents.
Fertilization-union of sperm cell and egg cell.
Zygote-the resulting fertilized egg.

TYPES OF ANIMAL FERTILIZATION:


EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION INTERNAL FERTILIZATION
It is characterized by the
It is when the male
release of both sperm and
deposits his sperm directly
egg into an external
into the female’s body.
environment.
THREE WAYS OF INTERNAL FERTILIZATION:
1. OVIPAROUS-the eggs are fertilized internally and complete
its development outside the mother’s body.
-the egg will receive its nourishment through its yolk.
2. OVOVIVIPAROUS-eggs are also fertilized internally and
receive their nourishment through its yolk.
-eggs will complete its development within the mother.
-they are fully developed when they hatched and released
by the mother.
3. VIVIPAROUS-eggs are developed internally and receive
nourishment directly from the mother’s blood through the
placenta rather than from the yolk.

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