Notes Energy Audit - Steps and Tools

Basic Components and tools
of Energy Audit
CHENMA430
What is an energy audit?
• one of the first tasks to be performed in the
accomplishment of an effective energy cost control
program
• consists of detailed examination of how a facility uses
energy, what the facility pays for that energy and
recommended program for changes in operating
practices or energy-consuming equipment
• Sometimes called “energy survey” or “energy analysis”
Who can conduct energy audit?
• Department of Energy
• Electric and gas utilities
• Engineering consulting firm or Energy
audit firm
Steps in Energy Audit
Collect Analyze Data Assess and Address

Information about Facility Energy conservation
about Operation Use Opportunities
Collect Information about the
Process
• Measure energy consumption
of pieces of equipment using
common tools that can
identify dimensions, energy in
the form of thermal/electrical
Analyze Data about Facility Use
• Analyzing data will help you develop

key actions.
• Present Energy Conservation
Opportunities and cost-effectiveness
to be employed
Assess and Address Energy
Conservation Opportunities
• ECOs are assessed based on their costs
and benefits
• An economic comparison is made to
rank various ECOs
• Action plan is created where certain
ECOs are selected for implementation
Examples of ECOs
Lighting Motor Peak Load
Control
•Replacemen •Motors of •Shifting
t of inefficient better toward off-
light sources efficiency peak times
•Removal of •Low waste •Restriction of
excess heat released operation if
lighting motors unneeded
Energy Audit Report
• Presentation of the analyses
involved due to the auditing of the
energy in a given facility
• Focuses on presenting ECOs and
how they can benefit the facility
• Presents an action plan in
which the recommended ECOs
will follow an implementation
schedule
Detailed Steps in Energy Audit
• Conduct a condition survey
• Profile energy use patterns
• Establish the audit mandate
• Inventory energy use
• Establish the audit scope
• Identify Energy
• Analyze energy consumption
Management
and costs
Opportunities (EMOs)
• Compare energy performance
• Assess the benefits
• Analyze Energy Consumption
• Report for action
and Costs
Conduct a condition survey - Assess the
general level of repair, housekeeping and
operational practices that have a bearing on
energy efficiency and flag situations that
warrant further assessment as the audit
progresses.
Establish the audit mandate – Obtain
commitment from management and define the
expectations and outcomes of the audit.
Establish the audit scope – Define the energy-

consuming system to be audited.
Establish the audit mandate – Obtain
commitment from management and define the
expectations and outcomes of the audit.
Establish the audit scope – Define the energy-

consuming system to be audited.
Analyze energy consumption and costs – Collect,
organize, summarize and analyze historical energy
billings and the tariffs that apply to them.
Compare energy performance – Determine energy
use to another, from one facility to a similar one within
your organization, from one system to a similar one, or
externally to best practices available within your industry.
Analyze Energy Consumption and Costs - Collect,
organize, summarize and analyze historical energy
billings and the tariffs that apply to them.
Profile energy use patterns – Determine the time
relationships of energy use, such as the electricity
demand profile.
Inventory energy use – Prepare a list of all energy-
Inventory consuming loads in the audit area and
measure their consumption and demand
characteristics.
Identify Energy Management Opportunities

(EMOs) – Include operational and technological
measures to reduce energy waste.
Assess the benefits – Measure potential energy
and cost savings, along with any co-benefits.
Report for action – Report the audit findings and

communicate them as needed for successful
implementation.
The Auditor’s Tool Box
Infrared
Tape measure Lightmeter Voltmeter
Cameras
Combustion Airflow Power Factor Smoke

Measurement Meter Generator
Analyzer Devices
Safety Vibration
Miniature Data Equipment
Loggers Analysis Gear
Tape Measure
❑The most basic measuring device
❑Used to check the dimensions of walls ,
ceilings, windows and distances
between pieces of equipment for
purposes such as determining the
length of a pipe for transferring waste
heat from one piece of equipment to
the other.
Lightmeter
❖Used to measure illumination
levels in facilities
❖Reading in footcandles
(provides direct analysis of
lighting systems)
❖Addressing concerns of over-
lighting and even poor
lighting
Infrared Cameras
❑Versatile equipment used to find
overhead electrical wires, connections,
neutrals, circuit breakers, transformers,
motors, and other pieces of electrical
equipment.
❑Used also to find wet insulation, missing
insulation, roof leaks and cold spots
❑Excellent tools for both safety related
diagnostics and energy saving
diagnostics
Voltmeter
❑Determine operating
voltages on electrical
equipment
❑Can be used in pure form or
with other measurement
aspects such as volt-ohm-
amp-meter (multimeter)
Combustion Analyzer
❑Estimate combustion
efficiency of furnaces,
boilers, or other fossil
fuel burning machines
Air Flow Measurement Devices
❑Measure air flow from heating, air

conditioning or ventilating ducts,
or from other sources of air flow
❑Used to identify problems with air
flows such as whether the
combustion air flow into a gas
heater is correct
Power Factor Meter or
Wattmeter
❑Determine the power
consumption and power
factor of individual motors
and other inductive devices
❑May contain clamp-on
feature for easy connection
Smoke Generator
❑Used to locate air infiltration
and leakage around doors,
windows, ducts and other
structural feature
❑Extra care must be taken in
using smoke generator and
breathing protection masks is
needed
Miniature Data Loggers
❑Electronic instruments that
record measurements of
temperature, relative
humidity, light intensity, light
on/off, and motor on/off
❑It has microcomputer control
chip and a memory chip to
initialized and record data for
periods of time
Safety Equipment
❑Safety glasses- necessity in manufacturing audit visit
❑Hearing protectors- used for noisy plants or areas with high
horsepower motors driving fans and pumps
❑Electrical insulated gloves- used if electrical measurements will
be taken
❑Thermally insulated gloves- used for working around boilers and
heaters
❑Breathing masks- used if there is presence of hazardous fumes
or materials
❑Steel toe and steel shank safety shoes-
Vibration Analysis Gear
❑ Give real time amplitude readings of
vibrating equipment in in/sec or
mm/sec
❑ It helps engineer to determine if the
vibration is excessive for a particular
equipment by comparing measured
vibration amplitude to a list of
vibration levers ( ISO2372)
❑ Used also to determine the relative
health of the machine

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Basic Components and tools

Collect Analyze Data Assess and Address

• Analyzing data will help you develop

Establish the audit scope – Define the energy-

Establish the audit scope – Define the energy-

Identify Energy Management Opportunities

Report for action – Report the audit findings and

Combustion Airflow Power Factor Smoke

❑Measure air flow from heating, air

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