Seasons are events that occur every year based on weather conditions within a certain
distance and time. Generally 1 year is divided into 4 seasons, namely: spring, summer,
autumn, and winter. However, because Indonesia is located in the tropics, Indonesia only has
2 seasons, namely: the rainy season and the dry season.
Now we turn to the world, in the world there are various seasons, namely:
Spring
Spring is a condition in certain areas experiencing the growth of plants and trees with thick
from the winter season. In the Northern Hemisphere Spring occurs between February and
April. In the Southern Hemisphere spring occurs between August and October.Characteristics
of Spring Are: Plants and leaves on the trees fall. The air in the spring is hot by 60% and cold
by 40%.Farm animals come out of their nests and carry out their activities.It often rains.
Summer
Summer is a condition in certain areas. The air is very hot. In the northern hemisphere it
occurs between May and July. In the Southern Hemisphere it occurs between November and
January. Summer Features Are:Plants become dry and wither. The air in summer is 80% hot
and 20% cold. Animals in that season do their activities and look for food. Windstorms
accompanied by rain.
Fall
Autumn is a condition where the fall of plants and leaves begins to fall. In the northern
hemisphere it occurs between August and October. In the Southern Hemisphere, it occurs
between February and April. The characteristics of autumn are:Plants wither and fall.
Autumn is 60% cold and 40% hot. Animals return to their nests. Sky darkens and turns
orange.
Winter
Winter is a condition of cold weather and icy snow.In the northern hemisphere it occurs
between November and January. In the southern hemisphere it occurs between May and July.
Winter Characteristics:Plants that usually have started to fall and are bare covered with
snow.The weather in winter is 80% cold and 20% hot.Animals sleep in their nests or do
activity in the nest.The onset of a Blizzard
Next, we move to the Asian continent, more precisely Indonesia. Astronomically, the
territory of Indonesia is located between 6° N – 11° South Latitude and 95° East Longitude –
141° East Longitude. This has an influence on the climate of Indonesia as a whole, which is a
tropical climate or is a place of annual solar pseudo-circulation. That is, the place that is
always passed by the apparent shift of the sun from the solstice to the solstice, or vice versa.
Such a position causes the amount of sunlight that comes is always large (often), which is
about 55%. By itself the air temperature in Indonesia is always hot with an average daily
temperature of 27 ° C with two seasons, namely hot and rainy.
Why do the seasons change in Indonesia? Seasonal changes in Indonesia are influenced by
several factors, namely:
Annual Solar Pseudo Shift
When the earth revolves, the earth's axis is not perpendicular to the ecliptic plane, but is
inclined to 66.5°, this causes the earth's position to the sun to experience a difference. From
September 23 to March 21, the position of the sun is in the southern hemisphere and the
position of the earth is closer to the sun. This causes the southern hemisphere to experience
summer and the days are longer than the nights. Meanwhile, on the same date in the northern
hemisphere, it seems as if it is in a position far from the sun so that by itself in the north it
experiences winter and the nights are longer than the days.
Latitude
Astronomically, Indonesia is at latitude 6° N – 11° South Latitude. Because Indonesia is at
such a degree position in the tropics, which is traversed by the equator. As a result, angle The
sun's rays are always high with the lowest sun culmination point of 54.5°, this results in a
high average air temperature with low air pressure. So that the trade wind blows from the
subtropics to the equator minimum area. In the southern part of Indonesia, the southeast trade
wind blows, while north of the equator the northeast trade wind blows which is wet because it
contains a lot of water vapor.
Earth Rotation
Earth from west to east rapidly so that it affects the air that turns left in the southern
hemisphere and to the right in the northern hemisphere. Because Indonesia is located in the
northern hemisphere and in the south, the wind movement received is different, winds
originating from the southeast of the southern hemisphere will turn into southwest winds in
the northern hemisphere, while those originating from the northeast of the northern
hemisphere will turn into trade winds. sea in the Southern Hemisphere. The southeast wind is
wet, and the west wind is dry.
