Modern Art

(week 2-3)

Before the 19th century, artists were most often commissioned to make artwork by
wealthy patrons or institutions like the church. Much of this art depicted religious or
mythological scenes that told stories intended to instruct the viewer.
During the 19th century, many artists started to make art based in their own, personal
experiences and about topics that they chose.

7 Elements of Arts
1. Shape- a flat, enclosed shape that has 2 dimensions: width and length. Artist use shapes like
geometric shapes.
2. Line – a mark made by a pointed tool such as brush, pen, or stick .
3. Colors- one of the most dominant element in art. There are 3 properties of arts: Hue, value
and intensity.
4. Value- Value is the lightness or darkness in color. The lightest value is white and the darkest
value is black. The difference between values is contrast.
5. Form- When shape acquires depth and becomes three dimensional, it takes on form. Three-
dimensional art has an actual form (like in architecture) Some common forms are cones,
pyramids, spheres, and cubes
6. Space- Simply put, positive space is best described as the areas in a work of art that are the
subjects, or areas of interest. Negative space is area around the subjects, or areas of interest.
7. Texture- Texture is how an object looks or feels. Sometimes texture can actually felt, such as
in sculpture or the texture of work can be implied such as if you were to sketch a sheep’s wool.
Some words to describe texture include soft, hard, rough, brittle, fluffy, or smooth.
Types: of texture
1. 3-D texture- texture that can be physically touched or felt.
2. 2-D Texture- refers to the way an object looks as it may feel.
- Also called as “visual texture” and is the illusion of how an object would feel
if it could be physically touched.

Technological breakthroughs
From the Industrial Revolution of the late 1800s, the world zoomed into the Electronic
Age in the mid-1900s, then into the present Cyberspace Age. In just over 100 years, humans
went from hand-cranked telephones to hands-free mobile phones, from the first automobiles to
inter-planetary space vehicles, from local radio broadcasting to international news coverage via
satellite, from vaccinations against polio and smallpox to laser surgery.

Effects on the world of art

The art movements of the late 19th century to the 20th century captured and expressed
all these and more. Specifically, these were the movements known as impressionism and
expressionism. , impressionists and expressionists conveyed their ideas and feelings in bold,
innovative ways. These were the exciting precursors of the modern art of the 21st century.

Impressionism: Origins of the Movement

Impressionism- was an art movement that emerged in the second half of the 19th century
among a group of Paris-based artist
The name impressionism was coined from the title of a work by
French painter Claude Monet, Impression, soleil levant (in English, Impression, Sunrise).

The Influence of Delacroix

 One major influence was the work of French painter Eugène Delacroix. Delacroix was
greatly admired and emulated by the early impressionists—specifically for his use of
expressive brushstrokes, his emphasis on movement rather than on clarity of form, and
most of all his study of the optical effects of color.

The painting is loosely based on a fictional scene from Dante’s Inferno, showing Dante
and the poet Virgil crossing hell’s River Styx, while tormented souls struggle to climb aboard
their boat. It is the drops of water running down the bodies of these doomed souls (see enlarged
detail below) that are painted in a manner almost never used in Delacroix’s time.

WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPRESSIONISM

1. IMPRESSIONIST are much more interested in conveying mood and atmosphere with
their painting, than creating a detailed replica of their subject.
2. Time and motion are also conscious elements in the works of the impressionists. They
concentrate on painting the changes in colors and shapes caused by light at different
times of the day.
3. They also prefer painting outdoors because they believe that the color of shade is
influenced by the surroundings color.
For example the “Gare Saint Lazare” painted by Claude
Monet.

He went out to paint the train station in Paris. He showed how

effect of light, shapes of people and engines stood out in the
confusion of smoke and noise of the station.
4. Their subjects are usually include the people of the city involved in everyday events.

Who are the well-known impressionists

1. Claude Monet- the true pioneer of the impressionists. He was constantly exploring “
what do I see and how do I record in painting?”
- Many of his beautiful paintings show places in the garden. He would stay for a long ours
at difirent times of the day and paint it.
Ex.
 Over a Pond of Water,
Garden at Giverny

2. Pierre- Auguste Remoir- Remoir love to paint lively groups of figures. He usually used
the maids in his house as his models.
- He painted more than 6,000 paintings.
Ex.
The Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette

Sweeper

Who are some famous Filipino impressionists?

Juan Luna
Fernando Amorsolo

Despite being identified as a master of classical style, Juan Luna tried his hand at
impressionism. In the portrait of his son, the 3 year old Andres, the use of small and brightly
colored dabs on the cheeks, the intent to create a quick impression of a fletting moment.
And the paintings of outdoors reflected light are some of that were clearly impressionistic
in style.

Ex. Mi Hijo Andress

 “A son has arrived who is our delight”
2.FERNANDO AMORSOLO

1. The first Filipino National Artist of the Philippines.

2. Known for paintings having a distinctive glow against which figures stand out.
3. He is like Monet or Renoir
Ex.
MARKET SCENE planting rice LAVANDERAS
 Our national hero, Dr. Jose Rizal, is seated among two other gentlemen in
the background of Juan Luan’s painting “THE PARISIAN LIFE”
Parisian Life painting proves that Luna is an “indefatigable painter of women”. It
also proves that Luna was an “enthusiastic observer of the fairer sex”, an artist who had a
“keen eye” for the “elusive psychology” of women, and a painter with an “obviously
sensitive insight into” women's strength, fragility, happiness, and solemnity. The
Parisian Life further proved that Luna was sensitive and skillful in capturing a fleeting
moment of ordinary life that he could imbue with “personality and universal emotions”.[4]

WHAT IS EXPRESSIONISM?
Some artists found fault in impressionism, like sacrificing too much by trying to capture the
momentary affects of sunlight forms and colors.
expressionist felt that art should present a more personal, expressive view of life. In
Germany it was eagerly accepted by several group of artists.
This art movement later on called, EXPRESSIONISM

WHO ARE THE FAMOUS EXPRESSIONIST

1. Edvard Munch- he was the best known forerunner of expressionism.
- His life was tortured by sickness, death, insanity, unhappy love affairs, and guilt.
- Ex: THE SCREAM

2. Wassily Kandinsk
- Started out as a realistic painter but was among the first to make truly abstract art in
which color and form take on expreeive life.
- He believed that shape, line and color have emotional properties capable of conveying
heightened feelings.
- For example: Red- sounds like a strong drum beat; Green, the sound of a violin.
 Horizontal Line were cold and flat, verticals were warm and strong,
curved lines were mature, angular lines were youthful .
Example: black frame

WHAT IS CUBISM

Cubism was a revolutionary new approach to representing reality invented in around

1907–08 by artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. They brought different views of subjects
(usually objects or figures) together in the same picture, resulting in paintings that appear
fragmented and abstracted
PABLO PICASSO- was the first to use such unrealistic style of a new art movement in art
called CUBISM.
Weeping woman

- He painted the picture in 1973 and used powerful

colors to depict the sadness of the crying woman.
Sometimes, when people are very upset, we say that they “go to pieces” or are “broken”
by their sadness.
in this artwork Picasso’s woman looks as if she is really broken into pieces.
Collage
- Cubist explored the idea of sticking down paper shapes to make a special kind of picture.
- This is also called “synthetic Cubism”

Portrait of Ambrose Vollard

By: Juan Gris
 Bottle of Vieux Marc, Glass, Guitar and Newspaper
By: Pablo Picasso
Portrait of Dora Maar
By: Pablo Picasso

Filipino cubist
SUNGKA Birds of Paradise
By: Vicente Manansala Combancheros by: By: Vicente Manansala
Cesar Legaspi

DADAISM-
- fOUNded in Zurich, Switzerland in 1916.
- Known as dada the movement got its name from a nonsense word.
- It protested the madness of world war 1.
- Dadaism was a movement with explicitly political overtones – a reaction to the
senseless slaughter of the trenches of WWI.