tive Datatipe i Tova +
thee are 8 primitive datatypes sin Joua. Primitive Datatypes specifies
he sive and type of ate variable values
Datolye Bice. Dercviption
byte t byte -ng to OF
short dbyte — - 39968 ts 32367
int rn bytes =D, 1493648 to 9/1K% 483, 6ha
tong % byte, — -9,223)332,036,854,745, 808 to
9,223, 372,03¢ ¢5u,425, 804
Float b bytes 6 to F decimal digits
: ‘
double 8 bytes 15 decimal digits
chax 7 byter All te chasadters /ASctT chasacky
(65, 535) choxoctu
_ boolean 1 bit tyue or folge value will be stored
Unicode System +
Unicode is a Universal FrternatnStandard Character Batodin
thet ts Capalole of representing mort of dhe words written -
language (the Lorguage whieh hos script).
Operabors +
) Auithenetic operadoy +
Arithmetic operators ast used to perform mothernatical operates
where we require bao operand:
Evomplts it a=to, b= 5 , thenNa
»y =
3) *
yf
Syn
addition — ath=t5
Subbodioy — a=b =5
Multiplisicn axb= 50
division (ductieal) Of = 2
emedube (errand) Orb=O
Asionemeat Operator :-
_ O8tiginedt addition
Bstignmedt Subhochor,
Ossignment tubtipheston
aasgneent division
Onsignenedt modulses
Example Prepram of Jove
does My Fiust Progvon,
{
{ Syston out: prictin (° Weleacne ae
t
}
“Same the
: jovoc .
public sabe void main ( Shing ol)
J
prrgvarn with ~ Chou tnanne« i
“choasnome class”
—Mtname-jove” and Hf walt gives
ts the compiler
“Claunere alioys state with cota lees 9.5 Herosme mt
be the some oy ta dhe program.
» Othennise
ond soved fle nome ts net some.
"File Not
f Foard” Gtr owe “ulin che chou eameWr program oe odding ‘tro numbere
cla Test
{ publee stotte vold enain (Sting orgs J)
rs 4°
{ int a,b, 05
025, br10;
Cath;
Sqstens out println ("c= 04+b" + c);
\
5
NA prograrn on arithmetic operodous
Class AvethOp
{ public shale eid main ( string ol J)
find at, b=5,¢,d,04,9;
CO+b;
dza-b;
eraxb;
Prarby
gra vb:
Systemoudspritin (“e=0+b" +095
Syromoud, prictln ("de a-b" +4);
Syshem-oud: pridttn (“ez axb" +2);
Suettems oud pricthn ("fz a/b? +4);
Sythen-ouh pein (9: ay.b" tgIK programm on auithaneh’ operators with lus vavolly.
Chars AvthO pldithLen Vox
{ Public static void eat ( Shing amt J)
Link onto, b26, ¢5
Cratbs
| Suistecnseuth pridtin (“c-arb ec)
| cO~b;
| Sgstevoud-pridin(“cz0-b" +c);
CraKb;
| System ouk pref (“esa xt b "4c
Coa/bs
Systemvouch pritln(“es o/b" 4 “);
Crab:
Sistem out. pada (Tczanbrac)s
2
t
t
3) Rotational Operator 5
i}
equals by
not equals to
Greater than
Joye than
rally Man or equals ta
<= - bey than oF canal tp
7
x
>
+ the relational operation compart the vals,
On either ctde ob Hem
ond decide the reloten emo them,hogical Operslon ¢
GR - ANd
tl - Op
> Not
Bthole Operator +
Bihsive operators aliveelty manipulate the bits in the Compulense
fluimber axe veprererted with bits, a semes of Q's and i'r)
& - AND
t - oR
A + xoR
— = Corplement
Unary Operation +
++ incrermert
<- decrement
! invert or boolean valse
Temary Opezabar ¢
+ The tevnory Operate te @ conditional operator Hot derronses the
» length at Code while perborring Comparicions ord tooditien
the method te an alternative 4 wing thesenid) chre stodemedt:
The order of execution for thie operitor ts tom Jef te right
Sptas
(condition) 9 ( sfakimerd 1) + ( stefemend 2)Die. gro |
diagno
conditions, tale
| | Stailevend 3 |
due
Stele
MA pregvarn on “Terma ty Operators
Chess: Terma Example
{ public stote void main ( Shing orgs J)
{ int G25. belo, max;
Mosgu' orong 0 and b
mons (a>b)2 at b;
[pried the target number
System. ou priatdn le Maricnum 78 “#max)s
Coatrol Storkerments
Jono. compiler executes the code fom ‘lop 42 bottom «The stole!
tn the Code ove exetuted Otordling to the order in which
shay appear Hower, Tova provides stotemerts thot con be ured
a contol the How ot Towa cede. Such steteoned, or al
corhol How stotemett Gt one of the tundomedal boli)
ot Tove whith provides o smouth How of Prepom, ;
Foun ody 3 ype ot Grdol Stodemeds.- ) Decision Making Stotererts
cy TP stotement
+ Simple it
oth else
cif abe if
tlerted ¢f
diy Switch statements
2) Loop Statements
ch for ‘loop
dy while Loop
aly do-while loop
3) Surep Stoternerds
cy break
ty Cordinue —
ity Tehurn
Destston Maliog Stademnend +
Decision Making Stotement: deeide which stodement do exeuth
and when. “these stademerth evaluate the boolean expresite
ard tortiol the program dew depending upon ty rault of
the condition provided - There are two type of Dedsi
Making Stolemerts “iP” and “tut” i
Lt stotement
4 stodormnect te ed 4 evaluch © condition. the corte! of
the program it diverted depending upon the sprrike condition
The condition of che if stodemedd gine boolean vabe ie:
sue ot Pale: There ore fur tip of th storeday Sienple it
SS EL else
Cy olve if
™) Neted if
Simple if .
aa the mort basic sholenent among all conbol flow stattimest
im Toro U waluats o boolean expreation And enables ty
Progam ty enter a block of code, it the e
Woluotes to tyre.
uprension
Elowehost 2
fytae- ; «Condition, Due
erst) an 2 wl
Staten: ; \ ie bedy |
} code odtey ef
Um Prograrn oa simple if
clos Sierpleif
pubLic static void main (Shing ore)
Lint HEI, 919 5 :
a if (a4 > 20)
{pstemoudpridtn(“aay is Greater than 30");
y)MA program be Pad greatest ormang “too numbex
class Sicvpleit
{ publie static void main ( String ost J)
{int K=O, 4 e205;
it (ary)
{ Systeen out prin (° * greola than 4");
\)
}
ieelse stoternent r
The if-elde sfatemeat it om extenson do the # sober,
whith wer another blodt of code i-¢y ete blah: The ebie blocs
is exneutted if the condition of dhe if blodk te evaluated 04
folse-
iF (condition)
Stottemedt 1; //eveautey when dhe condition if fue
. he
Stochernedt 13 Hexeety when the coodiition is false
Pegran
YA program to find baer cumbrr fo theo wing tbelae
class Thelse
{ public state vord main (Steg on: TJ)
{int ac 15; b= to;
if (o>b)
Sstemnsout: print (A 3s Boge Hand");
eke
Ee yy Syoteens ce pridly ( Bs Sigges than A‘);(Condition, True
~—
7 NY
jf [Code ingide
Vv LMP bo
| Cede indie | os
“eee” body
IA papom to rd 0 nurmber ern ot odd wing Poehe
clos: evenadd
{ public Yoke void main (sh
ong)
(tat fum=5; om
iF (namo ==0)
Systems out pect C Number ig Een"):
else
yates priatte (MUM 4 “a ggg")
}
Tt-elee if stotemneat +
3
The if else if statement containg the if stotesnendf flowed
| multiple else ib steternests hey the chain of if clic sfadered
thot create @ dedsion dyee where dhe
Proorou emay ender
in de blodk of Godt wha te Condition 3, c. “dSyn
WCcandition)
{ stodement 5
} .
ee if (condition?)
{ stotemudo 5
;
else
{ shotemectny
}
Flowehort + / |
}
“ stactemest 1
A c e ~ . :
_ Eeondition THE > Stosements
alse
= go) /
{ Systeen- out -println(” Firsl Division);
else # (marke >= 60)
{Spsterouc prot (* Seword Divicion");
}
ebLe
{ sustenseasprintln( Posted");
+?
it
Nested) LE x
La nested i stotemects the if
Storlemect can contain o SH ov
LGb-ebe ' gtotemert foside onother tf or clit sdgtomod
| Syreaa
if (condition!)
1 stodemend 1;
| iP Coonditten 2)
{ stotemed a i
t
cue.
Lidactomet 3 ;
y3Program :
clow Netedit
{ public state void main(String o19<[ J)
{ Stone address&orkh stateneds ove Smilax to abeebre~ tb shotomerds.
Sotth stotemeet condor muliple blacks of code called
COVES ond EO single cose ie exeucbed bayed on the vadighle
Which ix being suoithed: The switch statement i easter to ux
inleed of ah. if stead Gh ako enhances the veododbilh
tthe Prgram.
yet,
Surituh (enprension)
{ease vabuer:
Shsforneacht 3
break;
Cose voluen
Sotemerts
break :
i core volun
| SHodemenba 3
break
dedauth:
Stodemend of default»
\
Ropers
chen fugit
{public stotte votd main ( Shing rest)
{ ind numsg;
suoiteh (num)
{cone o:
Syste. veut-printle (* number te 0”);
breads;
de}
Syptenvow: prindto (Coumber “Usdefault ove
Siedeensoush prind In (* number");
}
ic
pp Stoleenes
9
programeniog , gometine woe need to eneustte the biods of code.
crepeatedly while some condition evaluates to true. Howewer, Loop -
todemesd ave used to Geatbe execuli the gat of Inchuctione in a
repeated order-“the exeaction of the sef of tnedwctions depends
upon a? partiolar condifton + Bn Towa, we have 3 types of Loops
tha eneradh? cimarly » But thee ave differences ia chete
oyctne and corditin Checking time
ctor Leep
Yule bop
Jdoratatle oop
‘tov oop
fin Tano,dov loop, ts stevilay to ¢ and cry «LF enables us te
initialize the loop variable, ches the Condition and increment or
devremeat in a single Line of code We we the for loop only
when we ernetly know the number of chimes we wont to eveucte
the block of todo.
Sycton
for (iribializatton 5 Condition ; there
* Plyler ~~
stout —S india lization] ond ita fickood
ext/decromert)Progra rn
Mn pregram do deenonyhale fo foo
closs Fovloop {
{publ statte void mein (Shing ows J)
{int Sum=o;
hor Cied ists J <=10 5 jee)
{ Sum= gum +) y
b
Syltensauts prindile ("The Sum of 0 nlatuval Number “> Sum):
}
while toop +
the while loop % alo wed do iterate ov the number of
Stotements multiple tines TH we don't know the number of
Herotions i advance A is recommended dr wwe a. while Lowy
Unbibe the for Loop the jnitielicacion and decvomnent or inewm!
| dows not tohe place inside the Loop Stotemect tn while loop
| Gb te abo known ay the" erty eordilled Loop” singe, te
condition it cheelsed ab the stort of the loop. TP thee conditier
| tg cdaue, then the oop body coil! be erected otherwise, the |
Stodements after tHe Loop will be executed }
+ Sindow
” eohile (condition)
{ too ping staderrest 5,
‘aTo‘Lnp statlemeale +
Jump sfatemed ave wed ty boner the coi ( oF te program
do the speai her stodemeds tn other words, Jump Stadernendh
drarifer dhe exeathon contol. to the other post of the pregior,
“there are three ‘ypes of fomp Stodemedts te Towa
\ bveals
+) continue
Jreurn ©
breaks. : '
the break stofemed ts wed t break the current flow of Program
ond thoneer the Condo! ta che newt statements outside 0 boap
© or dwitdh staxtemend- However, #t ‘ortaks only the inner Loop to
the core of nested boop: the break Stotemedt canst be wed
independently in the Tos program ie:, it con ony be rehnn
inside He hop. ov switch statement
break;
Progra +
7M Prognom on breals.
close Break .
{ public stake veil vat Shing. ong.)
{ int i= 05
or (iz05 fe=t0 ji te)
{ Syehom-oud- prin (i);
Cisse)
t break;
Lay) ;:
Continue ;
The cockinue stodemerd doen’ break the Loop unlike breg}
Stotement where oy if s keips he specie — ob ‘oe "7
Jeerpe clo the nent Heration of the disop inneectiately-
Stes
Continue
Bein
close Condinue
1 public stoic void main ( Sinag og: [ 1)
{bv (ied feos teen sles)
{fi (ab jets fess ye)
{if Ges
{ Gooknae y
}
Systensouc pride (j J,
yt
IType Costing § :
Tn Jove, type casting ta enethod or pros thot convert a
dalaly pe into: another alstatype in both ways manually ond
auclo mahica Uy . the automotic conversion ie done by dhe comnpiler,
the manual Conversion perforce by the prograanener There ate
Joo types of bipe costing :
Ys poidening ‘type cashing
v Nomrousing ore casting
Didenng type casting +
ae, J i pe inh 0 higher one tx called! wining
e costing «Gt is aby [engwn 03 imphrst conversion oy Costin
down. UF i done autometicolly it te sade becouse thee /t ne
chance of Loe the dotla » ot toley ‘place whea -
> both the ey aust be compatioble worth eork oher:
> the ‘ange bye mut be Lodger than the soure te
byte —> short —> char—> int —y dong —> Poot > double
Progagene
claus Widenin
{public static void cna (Shing oval J)
fictasa; :
long yen;
flat zy 5
System cut: pridln ( Before Conversion ‘vob s+ 7);
Syelemout= priatin (° : ,
J fdher an a olin +e
jatrod: res G titer Conversion tt long vols : +y)
Adter oa eaton of thot valu sit
x ieteerosig Tye Ging»
Carve ving a Kighew dolalype ints Jour one i cobed ray
Hipe costing: Gt ts aba lenown 0 ereplictl oe oF tout
up: Th is done manually by the proguasner a we i. et
Perfor costing hee the compiler reports the compiler time em
| Sort te exactly opposite ta dhe widening pe corte .
double —>f oat —> fora —> tnt —> chop short > byte,
Prog ran
lor Newrotny*
{ public stot vaid enain Shing avgsl
t double deregeees ( ud
Jorg Le (long) d ;
int T= (ab) Ls
Syston out: priatlo ("Be
Sysleersout: pride (
Systerr- oud pinta (
drei canmeae J):
Wt
Atter Conversion” a );
"Altey Conversion” aetthe accuy moditters in Tova specifies the accessibility oy
sope of a field, method, constructor ov clorr. We com change
fs accas Level of Kelds, constuctou, methods and cess by
i opelying the acters modstions on H- there are fouy hp of.
access specifiers in ova.
1) private + :
The accurs deve of private modifier és only
Seon't be accenieal Aom outside te clon
>) dedaulh
the acces tue of a default moditter * oly withi the pockeg
GT tanast be Occened fom oudtide the padkoge. JF pe doinef
' specity any acces Level i wall be dhe default.
3) protected >
The accers devel ‘of 0 prsteded moditiey th within He poulroys
and outside o pavkose thyeugh He child cloy Ff ” Notre
make dpe cald cloy HH connot be accened hom wdside te
poroge
publics
The qceers Level of public modiiftor ts erergunheres can be
accused Rom usithin He clos, oubside tte clors, usitbin tHe
packoge and outside He poskogs
Aceon Modibrere, Within dows Within Rocko — Oufide pochage ouktde
by balay ong feceage
within the clo
+ privads yu No Ne aE
2) deta ye Ye tb sb
3) prate ced Sey OF mn
Ye
y public Yey —Object » .
tAn object io Jor te the ph ve o5 well a4
wha a clos tr a J ical enc
ae And behaviour
cal ek,
od hoya
te Known a an saya
> Pen, Table, Apple dex.
we con be tan
igi ble or an an tong
* object hos 3 choracteristtey
Repevets the
Ty Behaviour +
Reprependh the behowt
Git ‘Tdeadity +
An object identity” is Typical tmplementied vio. '@ Uniaue
| ID-The value of oun TD is Vy Vitible to the external
| users TE ts wed ern b
|
dodo. of an object (value)
NOW of an object (fondtana ty
J the Ivu by say eath
objech orignal.
Chou.
8A closs tr a roup ot. objects which howe comenon pepe
DB io templode or blue pt room wohich objeat ov_creatd:
Gs a tegica! eatity whith cannot be * Pigreal.
sh clo» 79 Jove confatns i
wy Ralde
uh Mettads
8. Oudiudors
We) Blocks .
WI Naked dot and Tderfaceplay
clogs
{ helds;
mdtods}
}
ned +
the ‘naw? hegboovd is wed te allocate memory ot qurdhine. AUL
objects gt mervory in heap memory oxea:
Promo
IA prograrn tp demonshate clox and objet
dou Studect
{int ids
String narn e>
3 Clocs Tet Sadest
{ public gtodie void main (sting os (J) .
{ Studed 8 one Shideatl ) 5
Seid Flor;
Sienome = SK "s
Systr-ouk: priate (Ste id # ° " 4 Sienarne );
3TA pregsam oe clos example with 0 refed
low Shedterd
{ind rottnos
String fame 3
Volol insert Record ( int or, Shing »)
{ Tolle Pay
Namesny '
i
void Aeplay Irforonation ()
{ Systenouts prrithle (vollnos" * + name);
7 |
Class Shided Objedt
{public sfatic. void evan (Shing os 1)
1 Studedt 31> neo Shedent( Js
Studed $2 = New Stuclent (4 3
St-ingewt Retord (111 - Me8k")y
Sis iniert Record (222, “pig ")5
© Ste dizyay In foaadio')
1 $0 display Gnformadton 3gp is a spevtal Lipe of method which ie vsed to initiolive He
objed « We we eonrhustor > Trfoatiotle an objet
chorartercistion of Kupworde 9 of Conetyudlor >
+ Syatocheally a. construdor Looks Like @ method
Same Namt o4 claniname or dors
+ Contudtor must have no cuphicrt crchureype
*Conctuctor conrot be abstrod, storie» final one eyrebvoed
"Contudot called when an instance of o clos * created
eAt the time of cabling const etoy memory toy the objet ke
allocated tn the cneenony-
We Vawe ba Types of constructors
Gh there ts no contduidor owailable th Ate closs tq (uch Core Tow
axe
Compiler povid o defoutl conetucks by default
No argunents conrhuctor
Wy Pasomeb rived Const dor
Sys
eclostnome >( )
{
}
Regear 7
w™ Pegiam en n@ orguneat constr dor
Clase Bike
Loire )
Lsyctm sous prtddn (" Bike ts Crakd'):
}
Public stohe void main ( sh j
% ty)
cae 7 “RY foe® dl{Bike b= neo Bike (I;
IA pegam on pascamelert 2ed Conshuiov
Choa: Student
Lint td;
String forne 5
Student (ind if Shing 9)
fidst;
Name = n>
void display C)
{ Sychmrod peda id eo *# name ys
public static vaid name (string ops 3)
| Shedent Ste news Shidectt (ur, Meg") s
Shdedt 60> new Shaded (ay2, "De ae
Stded 42> Meud Shided (aay * Dun"),
Sti play) y
51 displog () ;
pe denys
}Conctrwtoy Overloading
Cowhucdor Overtoading in Jou is a technique of hang a
than one conttudtor wuith cif fever! patameder Lists. They ome amadigd
too way thot cach ely conghudtor performs a oiffredt tasks.
“They axe dit Peeabated by she corrpiler, by the number of
peta ees in the Lit ond their Sipe
Porograce
WA pores to derroutte conchuoh + overloading
Clo Studect
Lint td, 10g;
Shing name ;
Shedead (tal ty Sb »)
{idki; i!
fame =n;
}
Shudect Cindi, Siniag rn, int @)
. tid=i;
Nome =m;
RO;
ya
void display U
1 Siuoech pmidtin (td a” ”
+! th prisdln (td. # *nome+" “sone);
public Stohic void main “(G0
C
1 Stidect si = neso Shaded (0, abe
Student 2 nw Sided (my Pa”
204;
ay natch? Seat tt allDik bveneos behoeen Conshucher ond Melton “
Conetweloy Meliod an
DA cordhador ie used te ale 9)8 mead ts weal eapase ry
He tate gf an objedh bekaviouwy of an objects
: a
DA coothucdoy must agt hove a YA mettiod must hove a ‘eho,
eh h pe, a
2)A canshadoy i fnvaleed ingly 3) he eathed t rhe eighty
WYThe Tove Corapiley doo. lu. a
font ntoudtor if you don't
c any Constrachor in a clays
5\the Construddy name must be 5) The meflrod Fame may gy
Same oy the clos name, not be some 4 He choy Rome:
WY the eretiod i not: provided yy
‘He compiler Dy ony tone
Method Cnrloading :
TE a class hoy onulbple methods hawng Some nome but diflnn
iy pokomeltys f Known oy method overload ira. Ther ox we
wo0ys fo ovevload the method, ‘
By changing no. of o jurnectts. of method
yong I
(18 By changing the dalatype of method.
Progreso 3
IDX progrorn by Choraicg 0. of Orgumerty of meted
dors Addition
{ind add int 0, int b)
{ int Sum: +b;
eekurn suns : .
1) 0d (at oy mb be)
‘ tad tum arbre;
yeh, TTT tte eerclos Maindddi tian
{ public shutic void enoin( Shig orgs (J)
{ Addition obs new Addj hion ();
tat sum} + obadd(1,2);
Suptensoudoprntlo(* Suen of tive ileges voliey t # gor);
Sad sumas obs sum (42,3)
Aisteon out pant Lo (° Suen oF Fare indlges volusy” + Sum) >
\ j
WB, changing the databpe ot method
class Addi Hon
Lint add(ink a, tab b, tett c)
{int Sur > Oar bees
return suen 5
} . A . ,
dowble add (double a, double b, double 9
find rum: agb+cy
archery Suen 5
}
Cox, Mornctars
1 public stobe void nai ( Sting om (J)
{addition ob =new Addition(),
int Surn}s ob add 42,3); ‘
' Syston ouch prictle ("gum of icdeger” ¢ curd);
jad Suma > ob add (10,20, 3+ 9);
ten scat pride ("Surn of three double Yaduy ‘atid
}
eeArray +
= H
An onay ie 0 dota strehne whith hold homogenous i o
~ Array tc a user-defined dala which holds similon ‘Cpe of dal
“An onray ie a collection of similar, bipe of clemerits which hos Corgi
memory location.
“Array 4) Tova ix index bored, the frat element od te 09 ait
| Stored at the gh thder, setond element if stored on UY inden,
And. £0 on
| Advootiy oP Array:
+ Gode Op Henicaton +
Et makes she code gphinictd, we can rebveve ov et te date fbi,
*Rondtorg Acces
We con get any date. Located al an inde paihon.
Tye of Amon:
a’ Biogle Dirnensional Ayr
eMulth Dien ensfonal Avr:
| Sigle Direnione) Arron
| yes
datatype Ey ovr
(or)
datatype on Tj;
Miribiolicoton of omay ,
datatype array varioble = new databp [eee]toga:
MA program on Sinak dimensional way
clout Test ti
1 public stadte vord main( String args J)
fit aC] + {10,20 30,4050} ;
ty (ind Iro3 i¢ O- length jaa )
f Systtem ou pact (oci3):
}
,}
Multi Dienenfonal Arvay :
Delo ie. stored in’ rows and colurnne based on index
datatype CCF variate nome 5
(09)
datatype voriobl came CIE J3
(or) -
datatype CJ vasiabenome [ J}
Crompler
tad CJC Jow = qe int [3] [uJ ,
Peper |
Ih. program on Mult Limensronal Array
Usss MultiAnoy
{ publi stoht void main (Srng orgs CY)
Link om IOI = {003}, 1205), fue gd
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