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CHAPTER - 8

BINOMIAL THEOREM

KEY POINTS

 Binomial Theorem for Positive Integers :

 (x + y)n = nC0 y0 + nC1 xn–1 y1 + nC2 xn–2 y2 + ………….
…………. + nCr xn–r yr + …………. nC2 x0 yn,
Where n is any positive integer.

 General Term = Tr+1 = nCr xn–r yr, where 0 ≤ r ≤ n.

 Total number of terms in expansion (x + y)n is n + 1.

 Middle Term :
 If n is even, then there is only are middle term

 
M.T. =   term
 
 If n is odd, then there is two middle terms

 
(i) M.T. =   term
 
 
(ii) M.T. =   term
 

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 Some important observations :

 In expansion (x + y)n

Tr+1 [(r + 1)th term from beginning] = nCr xn–r yr

T’r+1 [(r + 1)th term from end] = nCn–r xr yn–r

 (x + y)n = nC0 x0 + nC1 x1 y1 + nC2 x2 y2 + ……. + nC2 xn.

Section - A

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (1 MARK)

1. Write number of terms in the expansion of   .

 
2. Expand   using binomial theorem.
 

3. Write value of

 

4. Which term is greater (1.2)4000 or 800?

 
5. Find the coefficient of x-17, in the expansion of   .
 

6. Find the sum of the coefficients in (x + y)8

[Hint : Put x = 1, y = 1]

7. If nCn–3 = 720, find n.

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8. Fill in the blanks

(a) Number of terms in expansion (–2x + 3y) is _______.

 
(b) Term independent of x in expansion of is   _____.
 
 
(c) The middle term in the expansion of   is ______.
 
 
(d) If the coefficient of x in   is 270, then  = _______.
 

(e) The coefficient of x5 in (x + 3)8 is ________.

 
(f) 4th term from the end in expansion of   is ______.
 
9. True / False
(a) For expansion of (x + y)n , Tr = nCr xn–r yr.
(b) Middle term for expansion of (2x – 3)8 is 5th term.
(c) For expansion of (1 + x)n, coefficient of 5th term is ___ nC4.
(d) 6n – 5n is divisible by 5, where n  N.
(e) Number of terms in (x + y)5 + (x – y)5 is 10.
(f) Coefficient of x5 in (1 + x)10 is 10C5.

 
10. The middle term of   is -


(a) (b)

(c) (d) .

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11. For all n  N, 24m – 15n – 1 is divisible by -

(a) 125 (b) 225
(c) 450 (d) 625.

12. What is the coefficient of xn in (x2 + 2x)n–1 ?

(a) (n – 1) 2(n – 1) (b) (n – 1) × 2(n – 1)
(c) (n – 1) 2n (d) n . 2(n – 1).

 
13. The coefficient of x–3 in the expansion of   is -

(a) – 924 m7 (b) – 792 m5
(c) – 792 m6 (d) – 330 m7.

 
14. In the expansion of   the term without x is equal to -


(a) (b)

(c) (d) None of these.

15. If in the expansion of (1 + x)20, the coefficients of rth and (r + 4)th

term are equal, then x is equal to -
(a) 7 (b) 8
(c) 9 (d) 10.

16. If in the expansion of (1 + x)5, the coefficients of (r – 1)th and

(2r + 3)th terms are equal, then the value of x -
(a) 5 (b) 6
(c) 4 (d) 3.

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17. The total number of terms in expansion of (x + a)100 + (x – a)100

after simplification is -
(a) 202 (b) 51
(c) 50 (d) None of these.

 
18. The middle term in the expansion of   is -

2n
(a) Cn (b) (–1)n 2nCn x–n
2n
(c) Cn x–n (d) None of these.

19. If the coefficients of x2 and x3 in the expansion of (3 + ax)9 are

the some, then the value of a is -

(a) (b)

(c) (d) .

Section - B
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (2 MARKS)

20. How many term are free from radical signs in the expansion
 
of  
 
 
21. Find the constant term in expansion of   .
 

22. Find the value of

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23. Find 4th term from end in the expansion of find the value of
 
 
 

24. Find middle term in the expansion of (x – 2y)8.

25. Which term is independent of x in the expansion of

 
 
 

 
26. Find the 11th term from end in expansion of  
 

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (4 MARKS)

Section - C

27. If the first three terms in the expansion of (a + b)n are 27, 54 and
36 respectively, then find a, b and n.

 
28. In   which term contains x12.
 

 
29. In   find the term independent of x.
 

30. Evaluate     using binomial theorem.

31. In the expansion of (1 + x2)8, find the difference between the

coefficients of x6 and x4.
32. Find the coefficients of x4 in (1 – x)2 (2 + x)5 using binomial
theorem.

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33. Show that 32n + 2 – 8n – 9 is divisible by 8.

 
34. If the term free from x in the expansion of   is 405.
 
Find the value of k.

35. Find the number of integral terms in the expansion of

 
 
 
36. If for positive integers r > 1, n > 2 the coefficients of the (3r)th
term and (r + 2)th powers of x in the expansion of (1 + )2n are
equal, then prove that n = 2r + 1.

37. If a, b, c and d in any binomial expansion be the 6th, 7th, 8th and

9th terms respectively, then prove that

38. If in the expansion of (1 + x)n, the coefficients of three

consecutive of three consecutive terms are 56, 70 and 56. Then
find n and the position of terms of these coefficients.

39. Show that 24n + 4 – 15n – 16 where n  N is divisible by 225.

40. If the coefficients of three consecutive terms in the expansion of

(1 + x)n are in the ratio 1 : 3 : 5, then show that n = 7.

41. Show that the coefficient of middle term in the expansion of

(1 + x)20 is equal to the sum of the coefficients of two middle
terms in the expansion of (1 + x)19.

42. Find the value of r, if the coefficient of (2r + 4)th term and (r – 2)th
term in the expansion of (1 + x)18 are equal.

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43. Prove that there is no term involving x6 in the expansion of

 
 
 

44. The coefficient of three consecutive terms in the expansion of

(1 + x)n are in the ratio 1 : 6 : 30. Find n.

Section - D

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (6 MARKS)

45. Show that the coefficient of x5 in the expansion of product

(1 + 2x)6 (1 – x)7 is 171.

46. If the 3rd, 4th and 5th terms in the expansion of (x + a)n are 84,
280 and 560 respectively then find the values of a, x and n.

   
47. If the coefficients of x7 in  –7
 and x in   are

equal, then show that ab = 1.

  th
48. In the expansion of   , the ratio of 7 term from the
 
th
beginning to the 7 term from the end is 1:6 , find n.

49. If a1, a2, a3 and a4 are the coefficients of any four consecutive
terms in the expansion of (1 + x)n

Prove that .

50. Using binomial theorem, find the remainder when 5103 is divided
by 13.

51. Find the remainder left out when 82n – (62)2n+1 is divided by 9.

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52. Find the coefficient of xn in expansions of (1 + x) (1 – x)n.

53. Find the value of     and show that  

lies between 197 and 198.

54. Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (1 + x + 2x3)

 
 
 

55. If the coefficients of rth, (r + 1)th and (r + 2)th terms in the

expansion of (1 + x)4 are in A.P find the value of r.

56. If the expansion of (1 – x)2n–1, the coefficients of xr is denoted by

ar , then prove a(r–1) + a(2n–r) = 0.

57. If the coefficient of 5th, 6th and 7th terms in the expansion of
(1 + x)n are in A.P., then find the value of n.

   
58. Find the coefficient of x7 in  –7
 and x in  

and find the relation between a and b so that these coefficients
are equal.

59. The coefficients of 2nd, 3rd and 4th terms in the expansion of
(1 + x)2n are in A.P. Prove that 2n2 – 9n + 7 = 0.

 
60. Show that the middle term in the expansion of   is

 

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ANSWERS
1. 29

2.

2n+1
3. C7 4. (1.2)4000

5. –1365 6. 256

7. n = 10

8. (a) 18 9. (a) False

 
(b)   (b) True
 
10
(c) C5 (c) True
(d) 3 (d) False
(e) 152 (e) False

(f) (f) True

10. (b) 11. (b)

12. (a) 13. (d)

14. (c) 15. (c)

16. (a) 17. (b)

18. (b) 19. (d)

20. 6 terms (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 40, 50)

21. –252 = –10C5

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31
22. C6 – 21C6 / 23.

24. 1120 x4 y4 25.

25
26. C15 × 27. a = 3, b = 2, n = 3

28. 9th term 29.

30. 82 31. 28

32. 10 34. k = ±3

35. 129 integral terms 36.

38. n = 8, 4th, 5th and 6th 42. r = 6

 
43.   44. n = 41
 

46. a = 2, x = 1, n = 7 48. 9

50. 8 51. 2

52. (–1)n [1 – n] 53. Zero

54. 55. 5

57. n = 7 or 14 58. ab = 1

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Source: EDUDEL