Module 2

Performing Computer Operations Part I.

Writer: Angela Ester D. De Lloro

The learner demonstrates an understanding of concepts and underlying

principles in performing computer operations. (TLE_IACSS9-12PCO-Ic-d-4;Ii-j-9

This module was designed to help you demonstrate an understanding of

concepts and underlying principles in performing computer operations.
After going through this learning module, you are expected to:
1. identify the components of computer and its function;
2. understand the steps to follow in word application;
3. perform word application within ergonomic guidelines;
4. get to know programs to be used to access information;
5. perform keyboarding techniques and shortcut keys;
6. produce output data using computer system
7. find out vital information using the internet.
8. apply maintenance to computer equipment and systems.

Direction: Put a checked mark if the statement is correct and cross mark if it is
wrong.
1. System unit is the brain of the computer.
2. Output device is any peripheral to provide data and control signals to an
information processing system.
3. Software is a set of instructions that guides the hardware to operate
effectively.
4. Software is split into two main types: the Input and Output devices.
5. To open a MS Word you have to look first to the application in the
desktop or in its storage location.
6. Using the Home Tab it allows you to format text.
7. Shortcut key CTRL+V means you can paste copied text.
8. The right lighting can reduce eyestrain, neck strain, and headaches when
using a computer.
9. Home row keys are A S D F J K L :.
10. www.google.com is an example of website that provides
information to users.

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 From your previous lesson, you have learned that tasks can be successfully
done through proper selection and use of hardware tools in accordance with the
manufacturer’s guidelines. In the previous lesson you have learned the different tools
you can use to do computer system service. There are four classifications of hardware
tools that are ElectroStatic Discharge, Hand Tools, Cleaning Tools and Diagnostic
tools. Table 1 shows the examples of tools and their classification.

Table 1: Hardware Tools and its Classification

Electro Static Hand Tools Cleaning Tools Diagnostic
Discharge Tools
1. Anti Static Wrist 1. Flat Head 1. Lint free 1. Multimeter
Strap Screwdriver cloth

2. Anti Static Mat 2. Philips Head 2. Compressed 2. Loopback

Screwdriver Air Adapter
3. Torx 3. Cable ties
Screwdriver
4. Hex driver 4. Parts
Organizer
5. Needle-nose
plier
6. Wire cutter
7. Tweezers
8. Part retriever
9. Flashlight

You have the knowledge that these Hardware Tools are to be kept and
maintained to keep its functionality and so as the computer peripherals. Cleaning
the tools daily or once a week is a key to keep it in good condition. Proper storage
would be beneficial to easily locate tools when needed and for safety purposes.

Lesson 1: Understanding the Computer System

As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important to know the different
components of a computer system. These are the hardware, software and
peopleware. Each component plays an important role, without each other computer
systems will not work properly.

HARDWARE
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a
computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of
a computer.
Major hardware components of a computer system
The following list represents a basic set of hardware found in most PCs.

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 1. System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the
chassis. It includes the following parts: Motherboard, Microprocessor, Memory
Chips, Buses, Ports, Expansion Slots and Cards. A System unit is the brain of
a computer. It is responsible for all functions and processes.

Hardware has two categories: it can be an input or output device. Input device
is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) to provide data and control
signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information
appliance. On the other hand output device used to communicate the results of
data processing carried out by an information processing system (such as a
computer) which converts the electronically generated information into human
readable form
A. INPUT DEVICES
1. Keyboard - the primary input device used to communicate with the computer.
A computer keyboard closely resembles a conventional typewriter keyboard with
the addition of numerous keys that are used specifically for computing functions.

2. Mouse - The mouse is another input device

used to point at objects on the computer
monitor and select them.

3. Touch Screen - A display screen that is

sensitive to the touch of a finger or stylus.

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4. Light Pen - A light-sensitive stylus wired to a
video terminal used to draw pictures or select
menu options.

5. Digitizer Tablet - A graphics drawing

tablet used for sketching new images or
tracing old ones. Also called a "graphics
tablet," the user contacts the surface of the
device with a wired or wireless pen or puck.

6. Scanning Devices- A device that can read

text or illustrations printed on paper and
translates the information into a form which
the computer can use.

7. Microphone – It allows the user to speak to the

computer in order to record a voice message or
navigate software.

8. Web Camera – used in transmitting live images over

the World Wide Web.

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B. OUTPUT DEVICES

1. Monitor - It displays information in visual form,

using text and graphics. The portion of the monitor
that displays the information is called the screen or
video display terminal. There are 3 types of Monitor
these are the CRT, LCD and LED Monitors

2. LCD Projectors - utilize two sheets of polarizing

material with a liquid crystal solution between
them. An electric current passed through the
liquid causes the crystals to align so that light
cannot pass through them. Each crystal,
therefore, is like a shutter, either allowing light to
pass through or blocking the light.

3. Printer - - A device that prints text or illustrations

on paper. There are different types of printer, these
are Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer, Laser Printer,
LCD and LED Printer, Line Printer and Thermal
Printer.

4. Speakers – It is used to play sound. They may

be built into the system unit or connected with

cables.

SOFTWARE

The set of instructions (also called a program) that guides the hardware to
operate effectively. Software is split into two main types: System Software and
Application software.

Comparison of System Software and Application Software

System Software Application Software

It is responsible for controlling, It is used to accomplish
integrating, and managing the specific tasks other than
individual hardware components just running the
of a computer system computer system.
1. Microsoft Windows 1. Microsoft Office
Example 2. Linux 2. Google Chrome
3. Unix 3. Adobephotoshop

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 4. Mac OSX 4. MySQL
5. DOS 5. Sony Vegas

Interaction Generally, users do not interact Users always interact

with system software as it works with application
in the background. software while doing
different activities.
Dependency System software can run Application software
independently of the application cannot run without the
software. presence of the system
software.

PEOPLEWARE

It refers to people involved in the data processing operations such as the

system administrator, office workers, students and others.
Lesson 2: Word Application

Being able to use a word-processor is necessary in today’s society. Few people

use typewriters when a computer provides a better alternative. There are clear
advantages of using a word-processor compared to the usual method of writing on
paper or typing with a typewriter. Users should appreciate the use of a word-
processor and be encouraged to use it for most writing tasks.

A. OPENING A WORD APPLICATION

There are many ways to open a word application

✔ Use the start button, then select Microsoft office, and finally select
Microsoft word
✔ Use a shortcut on the desktop, double click the MS WORD icon.
✔ Use the shortcut keys by pressing the windows logo from the
keyboard and letter R at the same time. A dialog box on the left
downside will appear, type the word “WINWORD” on the search bar and
then click the OK button.

B. FORMATTING A WORD APPLICATION USING BARS

1. Title Bar

This bar is referred to the file name and the title of the program. In this

case, the program is called Microsoft Word.

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Minimize - Puts the application
down on the taskbar

Maximize - Enlarges the Exit - Close the application

application screen Shortcut key - Alt+F4

2. Toolbar
It is located at the top of your computer screen. It displays various
sections that give you options for formatting, styling, and saving your

document.

3. Home Tab
The Home Tab is Microsoft Word’s standard view. This is the view most
widely used and allows you to format text by Font Style, Font Size, Bold,
Italic, Underline, Alignment, Numbered List, Bulleted List, Indentation,
Spacing, and Font Color.

4. Insert Tab
It contains any additives you want to place in your document, including
but not limited to: Tables, Online Picture/Clip Art searches, Headers,
and Footers. These icons are convenient and will bring up a dialogue
box to give you further options when clicked.

5. Design Tab
It contains different styles of page formatting. When you type, your
layout will automatically match the format selected. It also allows you

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 to change the color scheme, watermark, and paragraph spacing of the
document.

6. Layout Tab
It contains icons for page setup and paragraph actions, such as Margin,
Orientation, Size and Columns.

7. References Tab
It makes especially simple to add Table of Contents, Footnotes,
Bibliographic Information, Indexes and Citations.

8. Mailings Tab
It is for post-office related uses. If you wanted to create custom
Envelopes or Labels, this is where you would find such actions.

9. R9. Review Tab

This is where one can find Spelling & Grammar, the built in Thesaurus
and Dictionary, you can Track Changes, Check Word Count, and
Show/Add Comments.

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 10. View Tab
It allows you to change the views of your document.

C. SAVING THE DOCUMENT

Before you begin to type, you
should save your document. To do
this, go to File > Save As
(Command + Shift + S).
Microsoft Word will open a
dialog box where you can
specify the new file’s name and
location where you want it
saved. Once you have specified a
name and a place for your new file,
press the Save button.

D. COMPUTER ERGONOMICS
There are various health problems associated with the regular use of
computers, such as stress, eyestrain, and injuries to the wrists, neck, and
back. Employers must take steps to protect employees whose work involves
the regular use of computers.
Computer ergonomics is the discipline of matching the task to the
worker using the most appropriate equipment to optimize human well-being
and overall performance. This can be simplified to ―Modify the workplace, not
the individual".

Have a look at these top tips to ensure that you work safely and comfortably
1. The right lighting can reduce eyestrain, neck strain, and headaches.
Sunlight is the best light, but make sure it doesn't create glare on your
computer screen.
2. The proper desk will let you find the perfect working position. It should be
deep enough to support your arms when you work at the computer.
3. Place your computer screen at eye-level or just below. For optimal comfort,
set it about 45 cm (18 in.) from your face.
4. Sit up straight in your chair. Keep your feet flat on the floor and your knees
slightly lower than your thighs.
5. Choose an office task chair that lets you tilt forward to reach objects in front
of you and backward to stretch your arms when you're tired.
6. When you type, hold your fingers, wrists, and lower arms in a straight line
from your keyboard.
7. Keep equipment that you use a lot, like your telephone and computer
keyboard, within a distance of about 75 cm (30 in.) when you're sitting at your
desk. Keep other storage and equipment farther away. This encourages you to
change working positions during the day.

Lesson 3: Selecting Program for a certain Task.

Programs are designed to help the user to perform singular or multiple related
tasks. Examples of application software programs are as follows:
1. Word processing software - Creates, edits, saves, and prints documents.

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 Examples: MS Word, WordPerfect, Ami Pro, MacWrite.
2. Spreadsheet software - An electronic spreadsheet consisting of rows and
columns are used to present and analyze data.
Examples: MS Excel, Lotus 123, Quattro Pro.
3. Database management software - Used to structure a database, a large
collection of computer programs. Data is organized as fields and records for easy
retrieval.
Examples: MS Access, dBase, FoxPro, Oracle.
4. Graphic software - Graphics programs display results of data manipulation
for easier analysis and presentation.
Examples: Macromedia Flash, Harvard Graphics, 3D Studio Max, Adobe
Photoshop.

KEYBOARD TECHNIQUES
Touch typing is a technique for you to type documents quicker with accuracy
using your 10 fingers without looking at the keyboard. In the home key position,
your fingers will rest at the middle part of the keyboard. Place your fingers on the
home row keys:
1. Place your left hand fingers on the keys A S D F
2. Place your right hand finger on the keys J K L ;
3. Both of your thumbs should rest lightly on the spacebar.
4. Keep your wrists straight and slightly curled your fingers.

Note: You may feel bumps on the F and J keys that will help you locate home row
keys without looking at the keyboard.

Module 2
Performing Computer Operations Part 2.
BASIC SHORTCUT KEYS FOR MICROSOFT OFFICE
The shortcut keys listed below can be a great help when using Microsoft Office
products. Not only are they quick and easy, they are also amazing time savers.
SHORTCUT KEYS DESCRIPTION
CTRL + C Copy
CTRL + X Cut
CTRL + V Paste
CTRL + B Makes the text bold face
CTRL + I Makes the text Italicized
CTRL + U Create a line under the text.
CTRL + Z Undo

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 CTRL + Y Redo
CTRL + A Select All
CTRL + E Makes the text Align Center
CTRL + J Justify Alignment
CTRL + S Save Document
CTRL + O Open a File
CTRL + Increase font size
CTRL + Decrease font size
CTRL + F Find
CTRL +P Print Document
Alt+F4 Close/Exit the Application
Windows Logo + R (types the Opens MS Word Application
“WINWORD”)
Windows Logo + R (types the Opens MS Powerpoint
“POWERPNT”) Application
Windows Logo + R (types the “EXCEL”) Opens MS Excel Application

Lesson 4: Printing Documents and Transferring files

A. Printing Documents
Before you print your document, you may want to preview it to make
sure you are happy with the page layout and appearance of your document.
To do this, in the toolbar click File > Print. This opens a preview of your
document. In the preview, you have the options to choose the printer, select
preset settings, decide the number of copies to be printed, as well as select a
single or range of pages from an entire document to print. If you need to make
changes to your document at this point do so. When done with any changes,
click “Print” to produce a hardcopy of your output.

B. Transferring Files
Transferring files to different storage locations, devices or internet platforms is one
way of doing back up for future use or in case files are corrupted from its original storage.
Here are some ways to transfer files to storage devices and internet platforms.
A. Transferring file to other folder or storage location
Select or click file to be transferred then use the shortcut key (CTRL+C) to copy
the file selected. Find and open the location or folder where the files will be transferred.
Paste the file to the desired location or folder; you can use the shortcut key for paste
(CTRL + V).

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 B. Transferring file to other
devices
Select or click the file to be
transferred then use the shortcut key
(CTRL+C) to copy the file selected. Go to
My Computer and find the devices where
you will transfer the file. Open the device
and paste the file you have copied.
Storage device
“Flashdrive”

C. Transferring file to Email

1. Open your Gmail account by entering your username and password.

2. Go to your Gmail and Click compose to write a letter and attach files.

Click to
compose
letters
This is a window to
type your messages.
Never forget to type
the email to the
recipient of your
message.

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 3. To send or transfer files to email.

Click this icon then find the location where you save
your file to be sent. Select that file and click “Open”.
You may now send your letter to the recipient just click
.

Lesson 5: Use of Internet

Internet is a mesh from millions connecting computers, which is extended almost

in each point of the planet and provides its services to millions users, independent
from the space and the time.

The Internet gives the possibility of access to news, information and bases of data
on a world scale. Also, it allows the use of many and different applications that aim
at communication, as the electronic post (e-mail).
The most famous browsers are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Internet
Explorer and Opera. The web page is a document on the Internet that includes
information in many forms: text, picture, sound, video etc. The browser in order to
locate the information, each web page has one and unique address in the Internet
that is named URL (Uniform Resource Locator).
SEARCH MACHINES

Search Machines are machines that have only one task: to offer information about
everything a user needs.

How to use the search machine and save information

1. Open your web browser (Google chrome, Mozilla Firefox)

2. Enter a website you wish to use for example www.google.com.

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 3. In the text box or search machine type some key words of the information you
need so the search machine will find it. The information can be a text, picture,
powerpoint etc.
4. Open the file and read the content then select the necessary information you need,
copy it and paste to MS Word Application.
5. After you paste the selected information to the word file it is important to save it
by using the shortcut key (CTRL + S) then type its filename, select location for the
file and click SAVE.
6. If you wish to print the information you gathered use the shortcut key (CTRL + P)
then make necessary alteration for number of pages and orientation then click
PRINT.

Entering websites is a critical thing because sometimes viruses come along as you
search for information. You have to be very vigilant as you enter websites especially if those
are not familiar or somehow unpopular. Antivirus software can help you get rid of computer
viruses because it adds protection to your computers. Below are the examples of antivirus
software that you can install to your computer to prevent and damage your computer
system.
1. Avast 2. AVG 3. Kaspersky 4. Eset

5. McAfee 6. Avira 7.Norton 8. Webroot

Lesson 6: Basic System and File Maintenance

A. System Maintenance
System maintenance is important to track problems to computer system in order
to prevent further damages.

Scanning System

a. From the desktop open the icon “My Computer” look for Local Disk C then right
click and choose scan.
b. Wait until the scanning process is finished.
c. Detected virus or unnecessary files should be deleted for this will clean up
your computer system.
B. File Maintenance
1. Applying 5s on your computer

The purpose of this instruction is to help you apply 5S concepts to the hard drive of your
computer resulting in an increase to your daily productivity, better organization of your
computer, and further compliance with the Office 5S initiative. We will cover the following
topics as they relate to your hard drive:

1. Seiri Sorting/Putting things in order (Remove/discard what is not needed so that there
are fewer hazards and less clutter to interfere with work. Only keep what is needed.)

2. Seiton Orderliness/Proper Arrangement (Place things in such a way that they can be
easily reached whenever they are needed. "There must be a place for everything, and
everything must be in its place.")

3. Seiso Clean/cleanliness. (Keep workplace and things clean and polished; no trash or
dirt in the workplace)

4. Seiketsu Standardize/Purity (Maintain cleanliness after cleaning, consistently

perpetual cleaning. Such cleaning is part of every one's work.)

5. Shitsuke Sustaining/discipline/commitment (Maintain standards and keep the facility

in safe and efficient order day after day, year after year.)

2. Manage your desktop

1. Create 5 folders in My Documents called:

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 ✔ Inbox - Put unprocessed items that don’t have a place yet in here. This may be
items like software installers you’ve downloaded, files sent to you from
colleagues, and random text clippings.
✔ Action Items - Put items requiring an action that takes more than 2 minutes
in here. These may be items such as forms to fill out, large applications to install
and setup, and files to upload.
✔ On Hold - Put items you aren’t yet ready to do or complete in here. These may
be articles you’re thinking of reading, sketches for potential projects, and
information about classes you’re thinking about taking.
✔ Current Projects - Put files related to active projects in here. This folder
contains files you’re currently working on as well as reference files for a project.
Each project gets its own unique folder.
✔ Archive - Put completed projects, general reference items, and anything else
you might want to look at again in here.
Tip: By placing the underscore in front of the name of the file folder, it will force
the folder to display at the top of the list in My Documents.
2. Now move all relevant files from your desktop into these folders. If you have a large
number of files, you can move everything into the “Inbox” folder and organize it later.
3. All that should be left on the desktop is program icons.

Activity 1.1
Direction: Arrange the jumbled letters to form a word, description is provided to help you
formulate the correct answer.
1. REAWHRDA – The collection of physical elements that
constitutes a computer system.
2. BORDAEYK - It has numerous keys that are used
for computing functions.
3. SACERNN - A device that can read text or illustrations
printed on paper and translates the information into a form
which the computer can use.
4. NIOMORT - It displays information in visual form, using
text and graphics.
5.INTRERP-A device that prints text or illustrations on paper.
6. OPELPEEAWR - It refers to people involved in the data
processing operations.
7. WINDORW - A word to type in the search bar to open MS
Word Application.
8. ARBLOTO – It is located at the top of your computer screen.
It displays various sections that give you options.
9. MEOH BTA - This is the view most widely used and
allows you to format text.

10 REOGMISCNO - A discipline of matching the task to the

worker using the most appropriate equipment to optimize
human well-being and overall performance

Activity 1.2
Direction: Rearrange the following procedures in their proper order. Use numbers to
indicate their order of precedence.
A. Transferring files to other folder
Paste the file to desired location or folder (CTRL +V).
Select or click file to be transferred.

Open the location or folder for file storage.

Copy the file using the shortcut key (CTRL+C).

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 Choose location or folder where the files will be transferred.

B. Using the search machine and save information.

Copy the content selected and paste to MS Word Application.

Save the MS Word Application using the shortcut key CTRL+S.

Enter the website you wish to use.

1 Open your web browser.

Open the file and read the content then select the necessary information you need.

Type keywords of the information you need so search engines will find it.

Activity 1.3

Directions: Label the following folders to manage your desktop.

Computers have 3 components Hardware, Software and Peopleware. Hardware is the

collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system and has 2 major types:
the input and output devices. Software is a set of instructions that guides the hardware to
operate effectively. Software is split into 2 types System Software and Application Software.
Peopleware refers to people involved in the data processing operations. These components
perform the computer's full potential. Table below shows examples of computer components.

Input Devices Output Devices

HARDWARE ● Keyboard ● Monitor
● Mouse ● LCD Projector
● Touchscreen ● Printer

System Software Application Software

SOFTWARE ● Microsoft ● MS Office
Windows ● Google Chrome
● Linus ● Adobephotoshop
● MacOs ● Sony Vegas
● Ubuntu ● Audacity

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 PEOPLEWAR ● Teachers
E ● Students
● Office
Workers
● Managers
● Accountant

Computer operations are very easy to perform when guidelines are followed. It is
important to have practical applications of lessons learned. Remember to follow the step by
step procedures on doing computer operations like, performing Word Application, Saving,
Transferring and Printing files.
System and File maintenance is also a need for a long lasting and efficient
performance of the computer. Apply the 5S for effective workplace and work habits as wells
as the 5 folders to create in managing your desktop.

Directions: Write T if the underlined word is correct and when it is wrong change it to make
the statement correct.
1. Avira is an example of System Software.
2. CTRL+P makes the text bold.
3. Archive is a folder where completed projects, general reference items are
stored.

4. Insert Tab contains any additives you want to place in your

document, including but not limited to Tables, Online Picture and
Clip Art.
5. Graphic Software displays result of data manipulation for easier
analysis and presentation.
6. Home Tab allows you to change the color scheme, watermark, and
paragraph spacing of the document.
7. Place your computer screen at eye-level or just above.
8. Software gives the possibility of access in news, information and
bases of data on a world scale.
9. When typing documents keep your wrists straight and slightly
curled your fingers.
10. In system scanning all detected virus or unnecessary file should
be kept.

Directions: Put a checked mark if the statement is correct and cross mark if it is
wrong.
1. System unit is the brain of the computer.
2. Output device is any peripheral to provide data and control signals to an
information processing system.
3. Software is a set of instructions that guides the hardware to operate
effectively.
4. Software is split into two main types: the Input and Output devices.

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5. To open a MS Word you have to look first to the application in the
desktop or in its storage location.
6. Using the Home Tab it allows you to format text.
7. Shortcut key CTRL+V means you can paste copied text.
8. The right lighting can reduce eyestrain, neck strain, and headaches when
using a computer.
9. Home row keys are A S D F J K L :.
10. www.google.com is an example of website that provides information to
users.

1. Watch the MS Word Tutorial for better understanding on how to use the
MS Word Application. Click this link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-nHYzK-BVg.
2. After the watching the tutorial, create a personal letter for your parents.
Format your letter using formatting tools and insert your family picture
anywhere in your letter. Print your letter and give it to your parents.
Note: Apply computer ergonomics to prevent injury as well as proper
finger positions and shortcut keys for quick typing jobs.

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 COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING
EXPLORATORY COURSE

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