LESSON: Triangle and Its Properties

SO MINUTES
Learning Obiective:
• Definition of Triangle, altitude and median of a triangle
• Types of triangle.
• Exterior and interior triangle.
• Properties of triangle

Material Required:
• Chalk
• Flag in triangle
• Scissors
• Any 6 coloured paper
• Glue
• Cardboard
• White sheet

WARM UP I JO MINUTES I
Teacher will explain to students that triangle has 3 sides, 3 angles and 3 vertices.
Now Teacher and students will bring cut a piece of flag in triangles shape and teacher will ask to
students rotate the triangle according your choice and see the shape of triangle is same in every
rotate.
Now explain what is triangle by drawing on black board {must give name).
We can find the shape of a triangle in a flag and a roadside signboard.

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Flags Roadside Signboard

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INSTRUCT 11 15 MINUTES JI
Now teacher will explain the Triangle, altitude of a triangle and median of a triangle.
Triangle: In geometry, a triangle is a closed, two-dimensional shape with three straight sides. A
triangle is also a polygon.
Triangle is a three sided closed, plane geometrical figure.

B C

AB, BC and CA ➔ 3 sides, LA, LB and LC ➔ 3 angles, A, B and C ➔ 3 vertices

Median of a Triangle: A medium connects a vertex of a triangle to the mid point of the
opposite side.
Example:

B D

The line segment AD, joining the mid -point of BC to its opposite vertex A is called a median of
the triangle.
Altitude of a Triangle: An altitude has one and point at a vertex of the triangle and the other
on the line containing the opposite side.

Q T R

The hieght is given by the line segment that starts from P, comes straight down to QR, and is
perpendicular to QR. T his line segment PT is an altitute of the triangle.
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Ask students to complete Exercise 1.

ANSWERS
l. l A triangle has one altitude.

1.2
A

C B C B C

1.3
A

D C

l.4 a) Name ➔ 1-.PQR, Mides ➔ PQ, QR and RP, Angles ➔ LP, LQ, and LR ,
vertices P, Q , R

b) Name ➔ 1-.DEF, sides ➔ DE, EF and FD, Angles ➔ LD , LE , and LF ,

vertices D, E , F

(Note: Teacher may accept any example that is in the shape of triangle)

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GUIDED PRACTICE II 2s MINUTES JI
In this section Teacher will explain the different types of triangle and explain classification of
triangles.

Types of triangles

Based on length of sides Based on magnititude of the angle

Equilateral Triangle Isosceles Triangle Scalene Triangle

All sides are equal. All Two sides are equal All sides are of different
angles are equal to 60 ° angles opposite to length
equal sides are equal X
A p

B C Q R
AB = BC = CA PQ = PR, LQ =LR xyt:-yz#rx
°
LA=LB=LC=60 LP=LQ=LR=60 °
LX#Ly# Lz

Acute-angled Right-angled Obtuse-angled Equiangular

Triangle Triangle Triangle Triangle
Each of the 3 One angle of the One angle of the All 3 angles of the
angles of the triangle is 90 ° triangle is Obtuse triangle are equal
triangle is acute (more than 90 ° ) to each other.
angle A
p

�
B.........._
� ____...........,.,C

Ly is obtuse angle LP = LQ = LR= it is also equilateral Li

4
 A
• The Exterior Angle is the angle
between any side of a shape, and a
line extended from the next side.
• An Interior Angle is an angle inside
a shape

B C D

Now, all the students are aware of the different types of tringles, ask them to complete a activity
in their work book. They have to draw different types of triangle by using scale, protractor and
pencil on coloured paper, and they have to Name it, cut it and paste it in appropriate place in
their workbook. To complete the activity following materials are required
a) coloured papers
b) a pair of scissors
c) Fevi stick
d) scale, pencil and protector

Equilateral Triangle ( Isosceles Triangle J ( Scalene Triangle J

Acute Angled Right Angled Obtuse Angled

Triangle Triangle Triangle

5
Now ask the students to complete the Exercise 2.

ANSWERS
2.1 A

BL----------�C
6cm
2.2 We know that form pythagoras theorem
AB2 + BC 2 = AC2

⇒ 9 + l 6 = 25 = 5
2

⇒ AC = 5 units.

2.3 Fill in the blanks:

a) Equilateral triangle
b) Right angle triangle
c) Scalene triangle
d) Isosceles Triangle.

Now Teacher will explain the interior, exterior angle property of triangle by drawing.
Properties of triangle.
• A triangle has three Sides, three vertices, and three angles.
• Angle sum property of triangle: T he sum of the three interior angles of a triangle is
always 180 °.

70 ° + 30 ° + 80 ° = l 80 °

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• The sum of the length of two sides of a triangle is always greater than the length of the third
side.
• Exterior angle property of triangle: Exterior angle of a triangle is equal to sum of
opposite two interior angles of a triangle.

LACD =LA+ LD
120 ° = 70 ° + 50 °

120 °
B C D
• A triangle with vertices A, B, and C is denoted as 1'.ABC.
• The area of a triangle is equal to half of the product of its base and height.
Area = l /2 breath x height.
Now ask the students to complete Exercise 3 in their workbooks.

ANSWERS
3.1 Let LA = 45°, LB = 60° and LC = ?
By the angle sum property we know:
LA + LB + LC = l 80°
LC= 180° - LA- LB
LC = l 80° - 45° - 60°
LC= 75°
Therefore, the third angle is 75°.

3.2 Given, Height = 7cm and Base = l 0 cm

Area of triangle =.2_ x bx h

2
l
=- x l Ox 7
2
= 5 x 7 = 35 cm2 .

3.3 X + 50° = 92°

(sum of opposite interior angles = exterior angle)
° °
X = 92 - 50 = 42
°

y + 92° = 180°
(interior angle + adjacent exterior angle = 180°.)
y = l 80° - 92° = 88°
Therefore, x = 42° & y = 88°

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 1120 MINUTES J
INDEPENDENT PRACTICE I
In this section student will do an activity with the help of teacher and complete the Exercise 4.
Now Teacher ask to students draw each type of triangle on coloured papers by using scale and
pencil. Cut it with the help of scissors and paste it on their work book at appropriate place.

4.1 Student will make a x-max tree with different types of triangle and paste it I their workbook.
Materials Required: Take a scissors, any 6 coloured paper, glue, cardboard, white sheet.

( STEP I )

Now students cut the different types of triangle and mentioned triangle name on it.

( STEP 2)

Take a workbook or cardboard and paste white paper on it.

( STEP 3)

Paste the colourful cut piece of different types of triangle on white cardboard and make the
X-max tree below.

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4.2 Teacher will ask students to draw two triangles, (one with an exterior angle) each on a piece
of paper and measure two interior angles with the help of protractor & write it and then
paste it in their workbook. (Note : the student will paste traingles in their workbook)

120 °
B C D

4.3 Students will exchange their paper with each other, and write the measure of the third angle
and the exterior angle using angle sum property and exterior angle property of triangle.
(Note: Teacher may accept any answer satisfied the following properties of the triangles)

• Measure of third angle = 180 ° (sum of measures of other two angles)

• Measure of exterior angle = 180 ° - adjacent interior angle

CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING II JO MINUTES I

I
It is good to check on the progress of the class once a concept is completed. Ask the class to
complete Exercise 5 from the worksheet.

ANSWERS
5.1 a) Equilateral t::,. b) Scalene t::,. c) Isosceles t::,.

5.2 a) 5 Triangle b) 10 Triangle

5.3 a) sum of opposite interior angles = exterior angle

50 ° + 80 ° = Xo
X
0
= 130 °
b) 80 ° + 30 ° + x0 = 180 °
110 ° + X 0 = 180 °
x 0 = 180 ° - 110 ° ( T he sum of the three interior angles of a triangle is always
180 °)
°
X = 70
0

C) X
0
= 60 °

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WORKSHEET: Triangle and Its
Properties
At the end of the class you will be able to :
• Definition of Triangle, altitude and median of a triangle
• Types of triangle.
• Exterior and interior triangle.
• Properties of triangle

Materials required :
• Chalk
• Flag in triangle
• Scissors
• Any 6-coloured paper
• Glue
• Cardboard/White sheet.
• Scale, Pencil and Protector

Warm Up Exercise I JO MINUTES I

Triangle has 3 sides, 3 angles and 3 vertices.
Now you will bring cut a piece of flag in triangles shape and
students rotate the triangle according own choice and see the
shape of triangle is same in every rotate.

Now explain what is triangle by drawing on black board (must

give name).

1
We can find the shape of a triangle in a flag and a roadside
signboard.

Exercise 1 I JO MINUTES I
Tip for the class: A

Triangle is a three sided closed,

plane geometrical figure.
It has 3 sides, 3 angles, 3 vertices.
AB, BC and CA ➔ 3 sides,
B E D C
LA, LB and LC ➔ 3 angles ,
A, B and C ➔ 3 vertices
Median of a triangle: A medium connects a vertex of a
triangle to the mid point of the opposite side.
AD ➔ Median of triangle
Altitude of a triangle: An altitude has one and point at a
vertex of the triangle and the other on the line containing the
opposite side.
AE ➔ Altitude of tringle

2
1 .1 How many altitudes and medians can a triangle have?

1 .2 Draw rough sketches of altitude from A to BC for the

following triangles.

A A
A

B C B C B C

1 .3 Draw a rough sketch of median in a triangle.

3
1 .4 Classify each of the following as angle, line segment line or
ray.

p D

Q R E F

(Name
) (Name
)
(Sides
) (Sides
)
(Angles
) (Angles
)
(Vertices
) (Vertices
)

4
Exercise 2 1110 MINUTES I
Listen to your teacher carefully how she/he is explaining
classification of trio ng le.

Tip for the class:

Types of triangles

Based on length of sides Based on magnitude of the angle

Equilateral Triangle Isosceles Triangle Scalene Triangle

All sides are equal. All Two sides are equal All sides are of different
angles are equal to 60 ° angles opposite to length
equal sides are equal X
A p

B C
AB= BC= CA xy'#- yz i:- zx
°
LA=LB=LC=60 LX '#Ly i:- Lz

Acute-angled Right-angled Obtuse-angled Equiangular

Triangle Triangle Triangle Triangle
Each of the 3 One angle of the One angle of the All 3 angles of the
angles of the triangle is 90 ° triangle is Obtuse triangle are equal
triangle is acute (more than 90 ° ) to each other.
angle A X

y..........---�z QDR
C
Ly is obtuse angle LP= LQ = LR

5
 • The Exterior Angle is
the angle between A
any side of a shape,
and a line extended
from the next side.
• An Interior Angle is
an angle inside a B C D
shape

Activity:
Now, you know about the different types of tringles, draw
different types of triangle by using scale, protractor and pencil
on coloured paper. Name it, cut it and paste it in appropriate
place below.

(Materials required : coloured papers, a pair of scissors, Fevi

stick, scale, pencil and protector)

Equilateral Triangle ( Isosceles Triangle ) ( Scalene Triangle )

6
 Acute Angled Right Angled Obtuse Angled
..________
Triangle
________ ..--------
...
Triangle
�
Triangle

2.1 Draw a sketch of triangle which sides are AB = 5.5 cm,

BC = 6 cm and CA = 5.5 cm.

2.2 In a right angled triangle AB A

= 3 unit, BC = 4 unit then
AC=?

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2 .3 Fil I in the blanks:

If all sides of a triangle are equal is called

A ---------- has one side of 90 °

angle.

If a triangle has all sides with different length is

called

If a triangle has two side are equal is called

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Exercise 3 1110 MINUTES I
Tip for the class:
Properties of triangle
• A triangle has three Sides, three vertices, and three
angle.
• Angle sum property of triangle: The sum of the three
°
interior angles of a triangle is always 180 .
A

70 ° + 30 ° + 80 ° = 180
°

e-------------C
• The sum of the length of two sides of a triangle is always
greater than the length of the third side.
• Exterior angle property of triangle: Exterior angle of a
triangle is equal to sum of opposite two interiors angles
of a triangle.

LACD =LA+ LD
120 ° = 70 ° + 50 °
120 °
B C D
• A triangle with vertices A, B, and C is denoted as �ABC.

9
 • The area of a triangle is equal to half of the product of
its base and height.
Area = 1 /2 breath x height.

°
3.1 If two angles of a triangle are 45 ° and 60 , respectively,
then find the third angle.

3.2 If the height of a triangle is 7 cm and base length is equal to

10 cm, then find its area.

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3.3 Find the values of x and y in the following triangle.

(Hint : Measure of exterior angle = Sum of opposite interior

angles)

11
Exercise 4 111s MINUTES I
Now students will draw each type of triangle on coloured papers
by using scale and pencil. Cut it with the help of scissors and
paste it on their work book/ Cardboard at appropriate place.

4.1 Student will make a x-max tree with different types of

triangle.
Procedure: Take a scissors, any 6 coloured paper, glue,
cardboard, white sheet.
,.
: STEP 1 )
Now students cut the different types of triangle and
mentioned triangle name on it.

�STEP 2 )
Take a workbook or cardboard and paste white
paper on it.

: STEP 3 )
Paste the colourful cut piece of different types of
triangle on white cardboard and make the X-max tree below.

12
4.2 Draw two triangles, (one with an exterior angle) each on a
piece of paper and measure two interior angles with the
help of protractor & write it.

4.3 Exchange your paper with your friend, write the measure of
the third angle and the exterior angle using angle sum
property and exterior angle property of triangle.

Measure of third angle =

Measure of exterior angle =

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Exercise 5 1110 MINUTES I
5.1 Classify the following triangles as scalene, isosceles or
equilateral according to the length of their sides.

12 cm, 12cm, 12 cm➔ [ ]

---------

30 cm, 15cm, 20 cm➔ [ ]

---------

9 cm, 14cm, 9cm➔ [

-- --]
5.2 Find the number of triangles in each figure.

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5.3 Find the value of

B C D

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 A

B C
AB= BC= CA

TEACHER'S COMMENTS ON STUDENT PROGRESS

PLEASE TICK(✓) THE RELEVANT RESPONSE BASED ON STUDENT PERFORMANCE
FROM 5.1 TO 5.3
• Was able to complete all three exercises without any mistakes and
within the time limit given
D
• Was able to complete only 2 exercises(with or without support) D
• Was able to complete only one exercise (with or without support) D
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