Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

LEARNING DELIVERY MODALITIES COURSE

MODULE 2:
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES
(MELCs)
Name: Shirley E. Napana
Designation: SHS Teacher II
School: Lamao National High School

Lesson 1: BACKGROUND, RATIONALE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF MELCS

Activity 1
Answer the following reflective questions in your Study Notebook:

1. The closure of schools around the world due to the global pandemic posed serious
challenges on the delivery of quality basic education.
As a teacher, what do you think are the fundamental concerns in terms of curriculum
standards that need to be addressed in order to ensure learning continuity? Cite a specific
example.
The fundamental concerns in terms of curriculum standards that need to be
addressed in order to ensure learning continuity include but not limited to the
following:
 Congested learning competencies in some subject areas specifically the Core
subjects in senior high school. There are some recurring competencies within
or across the curriculum and modifying these competencies may improve the
whole curriculum as a whole. The coverage of the entire Curriculum Guide for
each subject may also be affected by the level of readiness by the students.
Competencies that are supposed to be mastered in the previous level, needs
to be reviewed on the present level creating a domino effect on the time
frame for the subject area.
 Assessment of the learners is also a major concern. Pure and honest
assessment of the students’ performance is a big question especially that
there is no face-to-face encounter with them.

Do you think these concerns could be solved by teachers alone? Why or why not?
No matter how committed a teacher is in this battle for learning continuity, it will be
impossible to succeed without the help of other stakeholders. This is not supposed
to be a one-man fight but a group effort among teachers, parents/guardians, school
administrators and local government unit.

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

2. Even prior to the spread of COVID-19 that eventually led to the closure of schools
nationwide, the congested curriculum has been a perennial problem of teachers (Andaya,
2018). This is perceived to be one of the hindering factors on the poor performance of
Filipino learners. Do you agree with this observation? Why or why not?
The answer varies for each individual subject areas. As observed, there are subjects
that needs to be stretched, specifically Applied subjects, since the competencies are
not so congested (and this is where unpacking of competencies is essential). On the
other hand, there are subjects that needs review, since there are overlapping
competencies within and across the curriculum that consume time; time that may be
used to learn other “more” essential competencies.

Activity 2
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on the Development and Design of the MELCs. After
going through the document, provide a brief and concise response to the following guide questions.
Write your answers in your Study Notebook.

1. What are the general and specific purposes of the development of MELCs?
The general purpose of the development of the MELCs is to ensure learning
continuity. Specifically, its development aims to serve as one of the guides for
teachers and assist schools in navigating the limited number of school days.

2. How does curriculum review aid in the identification of essential learning competencies?
In the middle of 2019, the review done by bureau specialists, academic experts, and
field implementers who worked together to reach a consensus, resulted to the
identification of criteria to be used and mechanisms to adopt in determining the
most essential competencies to be used for this school year.

3. What is the difference between essential learning competencies and desirable learning
competencies?
Essential competencies are those that are needed by the learners which are
considered indispensable in the teaching-learning process to build skills to equip
learners for subsequent grade levels and consequently, for lifelong learning. On the
other hand, desirable competencies are those that may enhance learning but may
not be necessarily in building foundational skills and may be merged, clustered or
dropped.

4. How were the most essential learning competencies identified? What were the decisions
made in order to trim down the number of the essential learning competencies further?

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

The competencies were determined based on their endurance – checking if the given
competency remains with learners long after a test or unit of study is completed or if
it is useful beyond a single test or unit of study.

5. What is the importance of the MELCs in ensuring the delivery of quality instruction?
The limited time and physical encounter with the learners pose a threat to the
Department’s goal for quality education. But with the development of the MELCs,
wherein competencies were reviewed and modified, the target competencies may
be achieved despite the “new normal” setup that we are in. The content and
performance standards in the MELCs are directly lifted from the curriculum guides
ensuring that curriculum standards are maintained and achieved thus ensuring
quality instruction delivery.

Activity 3
Prepare a copy of your learning area’s original K-12 Curriculum Guide and corresponding list of
MELCs. Go to the sections of the curriculum guide and MELCs that are relevant to your instructional
needs. Copy and accomplish the following table in your Study Notebook and compare the two
documents to determine which learning competencies were retained, dropped, or merged.
K to 12 Learning MELCs
Competencies

M11/12SP-IIIg-2
Illustrates the t-distribution M11/12SP-IIIg-2
Merged/Clustered M11/12SP-IIIg-3 Illustrates the t-distribution
Constructs a t-distribution

M11/12SP-IIIa-1 M11/12SP-IIIa-1
Illustrates a random variable illustrates a random variable
(discrete and continuous). (discrete and continuous).
Retained M11/12SP-IIIa-2 M11/12SP-IIIa-2
Distinguishes between a Distinguishes between a
discrete and a continuous discrete and a continuous
random variable. random variable.

M11/12SP-IIIa-5
Constructs the probability
mass function of a discrete
random variable and its

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

corresponding histogram
N/A
M11/12SP-IIIc-2
Constructs a normal curve.
Dropped
M11/12SP-IIIf-2
llustrates point and interval
estimations.

M11/12SP-IIIf-3
Distinguishes between point
and interval estimation.

Activity 4
In your LAC Session, discuss and share your answers to Activities 1-3 in this lesson. Discuss
any questions about the MELCs that need clarification as well. Share your thoughts and let
your co-teachers articulate their insights regarding your questions. Jot down all the insights
shared in the discussion, including your own, in your Study Notebook.

Indomitable Commitment. Contrary to what others think of the “advantage” of being a

teacher nowadays (NO work, WITH pay), the hardships we are experiencing as educators are
immeasurable. We used to at least enjoy holidays, weekends, or even family time after
school hours or class suspensions during rainy seasons. But now, a day is not different from
other days, that we even lose track of the dates. Work from home requires that we are
online all the time for the emergency submission of data, tracking our students and even
professional growth in preparation for the new normal. We, more than anyone must be
equipped with knowledge and skills to make distance learning a success, making us attend
series of webinars online, trying to grasp all the information to be applied in the teaching-
learning process for the upcoming school year. This shows the real essence of teaching as a
passion, that we even spend our “family time” for tasks given to us as teachers. Truly,
commitment to this profession is tested in this situation. Para sa Bata, para sa Bayan.

Fear of the Uncertainties. Despite all the efforts of the department to make us ready for the
new normal, questions still run on our heads. What are the preventive measures that will be
imposed by the department as to ensure the safety of everyone while ensuring quality

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

education? What particular modality are we going to apply to our respective students,
knowing the fact that they have different needs, resources available and environment? How
are we going to ensure pure and honest assessment of our students if we will not be able to
have physical contacts with them or even at least an online meeting if they lack the means?
Are the preparations enough to ensure inclusive, equitable and quality education? We
really do not know the answer until the school year formally opens. We just have to cross
the bridge when we get there.

One at Heart. Fulfilling the pledge as an educator, we as teachers will continue to support
the department’s plans as to ensure learning continuity despite this pandemic. Together
with the support of other stakeholders, and grace from our Almighty Father, this pandemic
will too shall pass and Filipino learners will be guaranteed with relevant and quality basic
education despite the current health crisis. #SulongEdukalidad #WeAre1DepEd

FORM 3: LAC Session Report

This form should be accomplished by the LAC Facilitator at the end of every LAC session.

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

LAC ID: LAC Group 11 REGION: III

LAC FACILITATOR: Shirley E. Napana LAC SESSION NO.: 2

DATE AND TIME OF SESSION: September 7, VENUE/PLATFORM OF SESSION:

2020
Zoom

Number of members present (attach attendance document): 13

Materials and resources:

__/ Self-Learning Module

__/ Activity sheets
__/ Digital resources
__/ Online resources
__/ Smartphone
__/ PC
__/ LAC session guide
___ Others. Please specify:
_______________________________________

Part A
Please indicate the extent to which you agree with each of the following statements by
ticking the appropriate box.

(SD = Strongly Disagree; D = Disagree; N = Neutral; A = Agree; SA = Strongly agree)

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

Comments / Remarks
(For example, if you
disagree or strongly
disagree, please indicate
SD D N A SA why.)

MEMBER PARTICIPATION

1. All of the members came ✓

prepared for the LAC
session

2. All of the members had an ✓

opportunity to share and
discuss their assignment,
insights, and ideas

3. Members listened to each ✓

other’s insights and ideas.

4. The members’ assignments ✓

showed an understanding
of the lessons in the SLM.

5. The members ✓
demonstrated
engagement in and/or
enthusiasm for the learning
tasks during the session
(including providing
feedback
on each other’s
assignment).

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

FACILITATION

6. I managed the sharing and ✓

discussion during the LAC
session by keeping the
discussion focused on the
lesson or topic.

7. I encouraged all the ✓

members to actively
participate in the LAC
session (i.e., for the
teachers to share their
work and ideas/ insights).

8. I provided useful feedback ✓

on the teachers’
assignments.

Part B
Please provide the information requested.

1. The best part of the session (i.e. what went well):

Sharing of insights among members of the group wherein all the members of the group was
given an opportunity to express his/her idea.

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

2. Problems or challenges encountered and how they were resolved:

Internet connectivity of some members. Reconnecting to the server to refresh connection

3. Other topics discussed apart from the recommended topics, if any:

N/A

4. Recommendations/Plans for next LAC session:

Designation of tasks for preliminaries were done. Time to start the next session was
adjusted to an earlier time. Participants were given some reminders as to the flow of the
next LAC session as well as some house rules to follow to ensure smooth flow of the
meetings.

FORM 4: LAC ENGAGEMENT REPORT

This form should be accomplished by each LAC Member at the end of every LAC session.

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

NAME OF MEMBER: Shirley E. Napana LAC SESSION ID. LAC Group 11

REGION: III DATE OF LAC SESSION: September 7,

2020

DIVISION: Bataan NUMBER OF LAC SESSION: 2

Part A
Please indicate the extent to which you agree with each of the following statements by
ticking
the appropriate box. (SD = Strongly Disagree; D = Disagree; N = Neutral; A = Agree; SA =
Strongly agree)

Comments / Remarks
(For example, if you
disagree or strongly
disagree, please
SD D N A SA indicate why.)

THE LAC SESSION

1. I learned a lot from my ✓

colleagues in this LAC session.

2. The LAC session deepened ✓

my understanding of the SLM
content.

3. My perspective on the topic/s ✓

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

covered has changed as a

result of the LAC session.

4. I participated actively in the ✓

LAC session by sharing my
assignment and insights,
asking questions, and giving
feedback on what colleagues
shared.

5. I interacted with different ✓

people during the LAC
session.

ACTION PLAN

6. I feel motivated to apply in ✓

my region/division/district
what I have learned in this
lesson.

7. I intend to apply what I have ✓

learned from the lesson in my
region/division/district

Part B
Please provide the information requested.

1. I need further clarification and/or resources on the following topics:

N/A

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

2. I encountered the following problems or challenges:

N/A

3. Other comments/suggestions:
Kudos to all facilitators and group members. It was indeed a fruitful day.

LESSON 2: UNPACKING AND COMBINING MELCS INTO LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Activity 1

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Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

Familiarize yourself with the course reading on Unpacking and Combining the MELCs. After reading
the document, provide a brief and concise response to the following guide questions in your Study
Notebook:
1. What is the importance of unpacking and combining the MELCs?
It is important to unpack and combine the MELCs in guaranteeing the relevant and
quality basic education despite the current health crisis. All learning areas will still be
taken up by the learners in all grade levels but with streamlined competencies.
Consequently, teachers are encouraged to contextualize the MELCs in order to
accommodate the varying contexts of learners, teachers, learning environment, and
support structures considering both the content and performance standards.

2. What considerations must be taken in unpacking and combining the MELCs? Explain each.

In unpacking the MELCs into learning objectives, you need to consider the following:
First, Alignment on the Content and Performance Standards - The MELCs are rooted
from the standards-based design. Second, Prerequisite knowledge and skills -
ensures that prerequisite knowledge and skills that would enable the achievement of
MELCs, and eventually the content and performance standards, are addressed. And
lastly, Logical sequence of learning objectives - Since the intention of unpacking the
MELCs is to provide systematic learning experiences for learners, it is incumbent that
the unpacked learning objectives follow a logical sequence.

In combining MELCs, field implementers should take note of the following criteria:
First, Commonality of content, topic, or theme - MELCs to be combined should show
commonality and relatedness in content, topic, or theme; and Alignment with the
Content and Performance Standards which means just like in the unpacking of
MELCs, combining two or more should aid in the achievement of the content and
performance standards.

3. Do all the MELCs need to be unpacked or combined? Why or why not?

Not necessarily at all times, if the learners need a pre-requisite skill to perform the
competency standard, you need to unpack/subtask. While in combining, there is a

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

need to do so when MELCs in each learning area are all interrelated and anchored on
the content and performance standards.

Activity 2
1. Form a group of four members within your LAC, preferably with fellow teachers in
your respective learning area.
2. Using the curriculum guide and a list of the MELCs, choose MELCs in the first quarter
and unpack these into learning objectives.
3. Each team will present their unpacked learning objectives. Discussion and processing
will follow each presentation. Suggestions and insights from each group will be
considered in enhancing the learning objectives.
Repeat the above process but instead of unpacking, each team will now combine at least two
MELCs of their choice. Group deliberation will be observed in order to arrive at a consensus.
Discuss and jot down the synthesis of the presentations in your Study Notebook.

Unpacking the MELCs

Retained LC Sample Learning Objectives

M11/12SP-IVb-1  Define null and alternative

Formulates the appropriate null and hypothesis
alternative  Determine the appropriate null
hypotheses on a population mean. and alternative hypothesis on
a population mean

Combining the MELCs

MELCs Major Topic/Theme

M11/12SP-IIIa-1 Random Variables

Illustrates a random variable
(discrete and
continuous).
Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
M11/12SP-IIIa-2
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 Random Variables
FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Distinguishes
Email: [email protected] m between a
discrete and a continuous
random variable
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

FORM 4: LAC ENGAGEMENT REPORT

This form should be accomplished by each LAC Member at the end of every LAC session.

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

NAME OF MEMBER: Shirley E. Napana LAC SESSION ID. LAC Group 11

REGION: III DATE OF LAC SESSION: September 7,

2020

DIVISION: Bataan NUMBER OF LAC SESSION: 3

Part A
Please indicate the extent to which you agree with each of the following statements by
ticking
the appropriate box. (SD = Strongly Disagree; D = Disagree; N = Neutral; A = Agree; SA =
Strongly agree)

Comments / Remarks
(For example, if you
disagree or strongly
disagree, please
SD D N A SA indicate why.)

THE LAC SESSION

1. I learned a lot from my ✓

colleagues in this LAC session.

2. The LAC session deepened ✓

my understanding of the SLM
content.

3. My perspective on the topic/s ✓

covered has changed as a
result of the LAC session.

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

4. I participated actively in the ✓

LAC session by sharing my
assignment and insights,
asking questions, and giving
feedback on what colleagues
shared.

5. I interacted with different ✓

people during the LAC
session.

ACTION PLAN

6. I feel motivated to apply in ✓

my region/division/district
what I have learned in this
lesson.

7. I intend to apply what I have ✓

learned from the lesson in my
region/division/district

Part B
Please provide the information requested.

1. I need further clarification and/or resources on the following topics:

N/A

2. I encountered the following problems or challenges:

N/A

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF BATAAN
LAMAO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Limay, Bataan

3. Other comments/suggestions:
Kudos to all facilitators and group members. It was indeed a fruitful day.

Address: Old National Road , Lamao , Limay, Bataan FB ACCT: LAMAO NHS
Contact Number: 047-633-43-59 FB PAGE: Lamao National High School
Email: [email protected]