SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject : MATHEMATICS Grade: 9 Quarter : 2 Week: 2

MELC : Translates into variation statement a relationship Competency Code: M9AL-IIb-c-1
between two quantities by: a) table of values;
b) mathematical equation, c) a graph and vice versa

Name :_________________________________ Section : _______________ Date: __________

School :_________________________________ District : _______________________________

I. Readings/Discussions

Translating the variation statement into mathematical equation is very challenging. If you take
note the formulas of direct, inverse, joint and combined variation in your previous SLHT on
illustrating variation, then it is easy for you to interpret and write the appropriate mathematical
equations of each of variaion statements.
Dear learners, you should have to take note with the definitions of the four types of variation: (Let
us recall)
1. Direct variation
For two quantities x and y, an increase in x causes an increase in y as well. Similarly, a decrease
in x causes a decrease in y.
The statements below denote a Direct Variation:
“y varies directly as x”
“y is proportional to x”
“y is directly proportional to x”
These are translated mathematically as y = kx, where k is the constant of the variation.
To compute for the constant of direct variation:
, where k is the constant of direct variation.
2. Inverse Variation
For two quantities x and y, an increase in x causes a decrease in y or a decrease in x causes an
increase in y.
We can also express that y varies inversely as x or
To compute for the constant of inverse variation:
k = xy, where k is the constant of inverse variation.
3. Joint Variation
The statement a varies jointly as b and c means a = kbc.
To compute for the constant of joint variation:
, where k is the constant of joint variation.
4. Combined Variation

The statement t varies directly as x and inversely as y means

To compute for the constant of the combined variation:
where k is the constant of combined variation

Activity 1: Translate Me!

Write each variation statements into mathematical equation.
Examples:
1. The fare F of a passenger varies directly as the distance of d of his destination.
Solution:

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 This can be represented as: F stands for the fare, k for the constant of variation, and d for
distance of his destination. Hence, the statement given involves direct variation, therefore the
mathematical equation must follow the direct variation formula y = kx. Substituting y by F that
stands for fare and d for distance.
Finally, F = kd is the mathematical equation.
2. The length l of a rectangular flower garden varies inversely as its width w.
Solution:
L stands for the length, w for width, and k for the constant of variation. By using the inverse

variation formula , you can translate into mathematical equation:

3. The volume of a cubical tank V varies jointly as its length l, width w and height h.
Solution:
V stands for the volume, l for length, w for width, h for height, and k for the constant of variation.
This describes a Joint Variation: a = kbc. Substitute a by V, b by l and c by wh= kbc. Therefore,
the mathematical equation is V = klwh.
4. The electrical resistance of a wire R varies directly as its length l, and inversely as the square of
its diameter d2
Solution:
In the given statement #4: A combination of two types of variation which involves both the direct
and inverse. This statement describes a Combined Variation

. Substituting the assigned variables, R (resistance) to t, l length to x and d2 to y.

Finally, the translation into mathematical equation: R = k l

d2
Note: In a variation statement, there must be always a constant of the variation denoted by k.

Activity 2: The Way and the Truth!

Find the constant of the variation and write the equation representing the relationship between
the quantities into mathematical equation.
1. The table below shows the cost of the number of sunflower seeds bought by a certain plantita.
Number of 30 40 50 60
seeds (x)
Amount paid 9 12 15 18
in Peso (y )

Questions:
1. What happens to the amount paid when the number of sunflower seeds increase? Doubled?
Tripled?
2. What is the value of constant of the variation presented in the given table?
3. How to write or translate this into mathematical statement/equation that will relate the two
quantities involved?
Discussion and Solutions:
In the table of values above shows an increase in one variable corresponds an increase of the
other variable. Let us use the formula of direct variation in solving for the constant of variation.

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 Step 1. To solve for When x= 30, When x=40, When x= 50, y When x= 60,
the constant of y = 9, then y = 12, then = 15, then y = 18, then
direct variation, use

Step 2. Substitute
the values of x and
y.
Step 3.Simplify
fractions into lowest
term

Hence, there is a uniform value of the constant of variation

Therefore, the table of value describes a direct variation y = kx.
Finally, the mathematical equation that will describe the table of values is

2. The table below shows another problem on direct variation

x 14 7 -21 -28
y 6 3 -9 -12

Questions:
1. What have you noticed on the values of independent variable x to its values on the
dependent variable y?
2. How will you solve for the constant of the variation?
3. What is the mathematical equation describing the given values?
The table of values presented shows an decrease and one variable corresponds also an
decrease of the other variable so the this can be classified as direct variation and you have to check
if there is a uniform value of the constant of the variation. By using the formula of direct variation in
solving for the constant of variation k.
Step 1. To solve for the When x= When x=7 When When
constant of direct 14, ,y = 3, x= -21, x= -28,
y = 6, then y = -9, then y = -12,
variation, use then then
Step 2. Substitute the
values of x and y.
Step 3. Simplify fractions
into lowest term for final
answer.

Hence, there is a uniform value of the constant of variation, , therefore the table of value
describes a direct variation y = kx.
Finally, the mathematical equation that will describe the table of values is

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 3. Focus on the values presented and answer the questions below;
x 2 4 6 8

y 36 18 12 9
Questions:
1. What have you noticed as the values in x increases to the corresponding values of y?
2. Does the change in one quantity affect a change in the other?
3. Compute the constant of the variation.
4. What mathematical equation describes the table?
Discussion and Solution:
The table of values presented above shows an increasing values of x and corresponds also a
decreasing values of y. This is an Inverse Variation and you try to solve the constant of an inverse
variation if it will manifest a uniform value of the constant of inverse variation. You are going to use
the formula of inverse variation in solving for the constant of variation or k = xy.

Step 1.To solve for the constant When x = 2, When x = 4, When x = 6, When x = 8,
of the inverse variation, use k = y = 36, y = 18, y = 12, y = 9,
xy. then then then then
k = xy k = xy k = xy k = xy
Step 2. Substitute the values of k = 2(36) k = 4(18) k = 6(12) k = 8(9)
x and y.
Step 3. Perform the
multiplication process and k = 72 k = 72 k = 72 k = 72
obtain the final uniform value of
the constant of variation, k.
Hence, there is a uniform value of the constant of inverse variation k = xy, therefore the table of
value describes an Inverse Variation

Finally, the mathematical equation that will describe the table of values is
4. Observe other example of an inverse variation.
x 7 5 3 1
y 1 5

The table of values presented above shows an decreasing values of x and corresponds also a
increasing values of y. This is an Inverse Variation and you try to solve the constant of an inverse
variation if it will manifest a uniform value of the constant of inverse variation. Let us use the formula of
inverse variation in solving for the constant of variation or k = xy.
Step 1. To solve for the When x = 7, When x = 5, y When x = 3, When x = 1, y
constant of the inverse y = 1, y = 5,
variation, use k = xy.
then then
then then
k = xy k = xy
k = xy k = xy
Step 2. Substitute the k = 7( ) k = 5(1) k = 3( ) k = 1(5)
values of x and y k=5
k=
k=5
k=
Step 3. Perform the
multiplication process k =5 k =5 k =5 k =5

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 Hence, there is a uniform value of the constant of inverse variation k = xy or k = 5, therefore
the table of value describes an Inverse Variation

Finally, the mathematical equation that will describe the table of values is

II. Practice Exercises:

A. Translate each variation statement into mathematical equation.
1. The cost C of fresh fish varies directly as its weight w in kilograms.
2. The Teacher’s salary S varies directly as the number of days d he has worked.
3. The mass m of an object varies inversely as the acceleration due to gravity g.
4. The electrical voltage V varies jointly as the current I and the resistance R.
5. The acceleration A of a moving object varies directly as the distance d it travels and
inversely as the square of the time it travels.
6.
III. Assessment/Application/Outputs (Please refer DepEd Order No. 31, s. 2020)
A. Directions: Analyze and choose the appropriate answer from the given options. Write the
letter of the answer in your answer sheet.
Given table of values for question 1-3:

x 3 4 5 6
y 12 16 20 24

1. What type of variation presented in the given table of values?

a. Direct b. Inverse c. Joint d. Combined
2. What is the constant of the variation indicated in the values of the two quantities presented in the
table?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5
3. The mathematical equation that described the variation shown in the table is _______.
a. y = x b. y = 2x c. y = 3x d. y = 4x
4. The sum of money S to be invested to yield a given return varies inversely as the rate of interest r
is written in mathematical equation as _______.

a. b. c. S = kr d. r = Sk
5. What mathematical equation described in the table values which is also an inverse variation?
x 10 15 6 5
y 3 2 5 6

a. y= 30x b. y = 10x c. d.
B. Translate each of the given variation statements into mathematical equation.
1. “The volume V of a cylindrical can of sardines varies jointly as the base b and the altitude h” is
written as _____.
2. “The pressure p of a gas varies directly as its temperature t and inversely as its volume V” is
written as _____.
3. The number of pineapple pizza slices p varies inversely as the number of persons n sharing a
whole pizza
4. The cost c varies directly as the number n of facemasks is written as ___.
5. Translate this statement: “If m varies jointly as n2 and p3, and inversely as q’”

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References:
1. Learner’s Material for Mathematics Grade 9, pp. 187-224

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

FLORIPIS A. MONTECILLO PAMELA A. RODEMIO

Master Teacher II EPS in Mathematics
Madridejos National High School Division of Cebu Province

_________________________________

Guide

For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they attempt to
answer the practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them understand easily the
topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self-learning home task from the first part to the last part. Doing so,
will help you understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-learning home
task from beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.