PICOP V Judge Asuncion

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PICOP v.

Asuncion Case Digest
PICOP v. Asuncion, 307 SCRA 253) (1999)
FACTS:  On January 25, 1995, Police Chief Inspector Napoleon B. Pascua applied for a search
warrant before the RTC of Quezon City, stating: 1. That the management of Paper Industries
Corporation of the Philippines, located at PICOP compound, is in possession or ha[s] in [its] control
high powered firearms, ammunitions, explosives, which are the subject of the offense, or used or
intended to be used in committing the offense, and which . . . are [being kept] and conceal[ed] in the
premises described; 2. That a Search Warrant should be issued to enable any agent of the law to
take possession and bring to the described properties. After propounding several questions to
Bacolod, Judge Maximiano C. Asuncion issued the contested search warrant. On February 4, 1995,
the police enforced the search warrant at the PICOP compound and seized a number of firearms
and explosives. Believing that the warrant was invalid and the search unreasonable, the petitioners
filed a “Motion to Quash” before the trial court. Subsequently, they also filed a “Supplemental
Pleading to the Motion to Quash” and a “Motion to SuppressEvidence.” On March 23, 1995, the RTC
issued the first contested Order which denied petitioners’ motions. On August 3, 1995, the trial court
rendered its second contested Order denying petitioners’ Motion for Reconsideration.
ISSUE: WON the search warrant issued was valid
HELD:
The requisites of a valid search warrant are:  (1) probable cause is present; (2) such presence is
determined personally by the judge; (3) the complainant and the witnesses he or she may produce
are personally examined by the judge, in writing and under oath or affirmation; (4) the applicant and
the witnesses testify on facts personally known to them; and (5) the warrant specifically describes
the place to be searched and the things to be seized.  In the present case, the search warrant is
invalid because (1) the trial court failed to examine personally the complainant and the other
deponents; (2) SPO3 Cicero Bacolod, who appeared during the hearing for the issuance of the
search warrant, had no personal knowledge that petitioners were not licensed to possess the subject
firearms; and (3) the place to be searched was not described with particularity.

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