Choose the letter of the correct answer. ANSWERS ONLY ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER.

Be
honest when taking the pre-test. 😊

1. This happens when a signal travels through a medium it loses energy overcoming the resistance of
the medium.
a. Absorption
b. Attenuation
c. Crosstalk
d. Distortion

2. A signal travels through an amplifier, and its power is increased 10 times. This means that P2 is
equal to?
a. 10P1
b. 10 + P1
c. 10P1 + P2
d. 10P1P2

3. Amplification gain can be calculated as?

a. 10 log (P2-P1)
b. 20 log (P2-P1)
c. 10 log (P2 / P1)
d. 20 log (P2 / P1)

4. It is a unit used to measure the intensity of a sound or the power level of an electrical signal by
comparing it with a given level on a logarithmic scale.
a. Amperes
b. Tesla
c. Henry
d. Decibels

5. When distortion happens, signals have different ________ at the receiver than they have at the
source.
a. Frequency
b. Amplitude
c. Phase
d. Period

6. Which of the following are types of noise?

a. Thermal
b. Induced
c. Impulse
d. Crosstalk
e. A and D
 f. All of the above

7. It indicates the strength of the signal with respect to the noise power in the system.
a. Signal-to-Noise Ratio
b. Signal-to-Noise Power
c. Noise Factor
d. Noise Figure

8. It is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or
speed of objects.
a. Lidar
b. Radar
c. Satellite
d. Sonar

9. What is the change in frequency of a wave (or other periodic event) for an observer moving relative
to its source?
a. Frequency Modulation
b. Frequency Shift Keying
c. Doppler Effect
d. Doppler Radar

10. Produces a Digital Output Corresponding to the Value of the Signal Applied to Its Input Relative to
a Reference Voltage.
a. Analog-to-Digital Converter
b. Digital-to-Analog Converter
c. Encoder
d. Decoder

11. It is breaking down analog values in to a set of finite states

a. Sampling
b. Encoding
c. Decoding
d. Quantizing

12. It is assigning a digital word or number to each state and matching it to the input signal.
a. Sampling
b. Encoding
c. Decoding
d. Quantizing

13. This theory states that minimum sampling rate should be at least twice the highest data frequency
of the analog signal.
 a. Nyquist Theorem
b. Shannon Information Theory
c. Nyquist-Shannon Theorem
d. Newton Information Theory

14. A 2 kHz sine wave being sampled at 1.5 kHz would be reconstructed as a 500 Hz sine wave. This
process is called?
a. Aliasing
b. Coding
c. Sampling
d. Quantizing

15. The system is _______ if the output y(n), at any time n, depends only on present and past inputs
but does not depend on future inputs.
A. Causal
B. Non-Causal
C. Recursive
D. Non-Recursive

16. The system described by the equation y(n) = nx(n) is _________ because the response to a unit
step, x(n) = u(n) is y(n) = nu(n), which is unbounded.
a. Recursive
b. Non-Recursive
c. Stable
d. Unstable

17. The ___________ solution is the response of the system to the initial conditions, assuming that the
input x(n) =0.
a. Particular
b. Heterogeneous
c. Homogenous
d. Specific

18. The _________ solution is the response of the system to the input x(n), assuming zero initial
conditions.
a. Particular
b. Heterogeneous
c. Homogenous
d. Specific

19. It is a transform that converts a function into a form that describes the frequencies present in the
original function. The output of the transform is a complex-valued function of frequency.
a. Laplace Transform
 b. Fourier Transform
c. Z-Transform
d. D- Fourier Transform

20. It is a transform which is particularly useful in solving linear ordinary differential equations such as
those arising in the analysis of electronic circuits.
a. Laplace Transform
b. Fourier Transform
c. Z-Transform
d. D- Fourier Transform

21. A frequency-domain instrument that shows amplitude-versus-frequency plot.

a. Oscilloscope
b. Spectrum Analyzer
c. Amplifier
d. Transformer

22. Waveform comprised of an average dc component and a series of harmonically related sine or
cosine wave.
a. Fundamental Frequencies
b. Harmonic Waveforms
c. Periodic Waveforms
d. Half-wave Symmetry

23. If a periodic voltage waveform is such that the waveform for the first half cycle repeats itself except
with the opposite sign for the second half cycle, it is said to have ________.
a. Fundamental Frequencies
b. Harmonic Waveforms
c. Periodic Waveforms
d. Half-wave Symmetry

24. It is the ratio of the active time of the pulse to the period of the waveform.
a. Frequency
b. Period
c. Wavelength
d. Duty Cycle

25. The generation of any unwanted cross-product frequency when two or more frequencies are mixed
in a nonlinear device.
a. Modulation
b. Intermodulation Distortion
c. Attenuation
d. Demodulation
26. If a periodic voltage waveform is symmetric about a line midway between the vertical axis and the
negative horizontal axis and passing through the coordinate origin, it is said to have point, or skew,
symmetry is called a/an ______.
a. Even Function
b. Neutral Function
c. Odd Function
d. Zero

27. A signal is measured at two different points. The power is P1 at the first point and P2 at the second
point. The dB is 0. This means ________.
a. P2 equals P1
b. P2 is zero
c. P2 is much larger than P1
d. P2 is much smaller than P1

28. In a time-domain plot, the horizontal axis is a measure of ________.

a. Phase
b. Signal amplitude
c. Frequency
d. Time

29. Before data can be transmitted, they must be transformed to ________.

a. periodic signals
b. electromagnetic signals
c. aperiodic signals
d. low-frequency sine waves

30. periodic signal completes one cycle in 0.001 s. What is the frequency?
a. 1 Hz
b. 100 Hz
c. 1 KHz
d. 1 MHz