IHIING FILE

Essay (Part 1)
Test 1, Part 1, Question 1 (see task on page 17)
Introduction
I think this topic is really
important.
People often disagree about . .
Many people feel that ...
~ \e ~ You often hear people say that .. .
What can young people do to Linking ideas
help protect and improve their It is true that ... but.
It is often said that .... However,
local environment? some people disagree.

There are many things young people can do to Giving opinions

I've thought about this and I have
protect and improve their local environment. You can come to the conclusion that ...
Some of these are recycling, using cars less, introduce the
While I agree there are some
s ubject by
and planting trees. .... ...................................................... . rephrasing the
advantages in ... , I can also see
several disadvantages.
sentence you
First ofall, they can make sure that things such as will discuss. It seems to me that ...
I am convinced that this is the
plastic containers, glass bottles and newspapers are right way to do it.
recycled. And they can pick up any litter they find Use one topic Conclusion
in the street and put it into a rubbish bin . ..................... for each
To sum up, it seems to me that
paragraph.
Taking all of this into account,
Secondly, nowadays the air is polluted because too I believe ...
many people use cars, even to go very short distances. Having presented all the
arguments for and against, it
Young people can try to use public transport or walk
seems clear to me that . ..
or cycle to their destinations instead. By doing this, Finally, I feel very strongly that
Using words
such as 'f irstly' they would make their environment less polluted there are clear advantages in ...
or 'fina lly' may
help you to
and they would be able to enjoy cleaner air.
.~
organise t he
ideas in your Finally, they can help to make their local • Read the essay question
essay. careful ly and plan what you
environment greener by helping to look after want to include in four or
public parks or gardens. They can also plant trees five clear paragraphs. See
a suggested essay plan on
or help people who want to grow vegetables in page 163.
their gardens. • Write down some interesting
ideas for each paragraph,
All these actions will make their areas look cleaner together with some language
you may want to use. You wi ll
and more pleasant and also help save the worlds You r conclusion need to use varied vocabulary
natural resources. We will all have a better future if should be a
summary of the
relevant to the topic and some
complex sentences using
young people do everything possible to help protect opinions you
linkin g words.
have expressed
and improve their environment......................................... 1 •
earlier. • Remember that you are
presenting your point of view
~--------------------------------------~I and you need to back it up w ith
some reasons or evidence.
• Make sure you use a formal or
semi-formal style and avoid the
use of informal language .

WR IT IN G FIL E: ESSAY
Essay (Part 1)

Aim to write five paragraphs . Paragraph 3

Paragraph 1 Deal with the second note: yel n I 1 1 W 111 111 11, I It I
The introduction. Try to write two sentences to avoid a of using cars.
single-sentence paragraph. The first sentence can be Paragraph 4
a re-phras ing of the essay title. The second sentence
can be a very brief outline of the three main ideas you Deal with the th ird note (your own) : pi n In I1
are going to include. Paragraph 5
Paragraph 2 The conclusion. Summarise your main opini n I y
Deal with the first note: recycling.
referring briefly to the points mentioned in par g 11
2, 3 and 4. Try to write at least two sentences to av
a single-sentence paragraph.

Each note wi ll be just a few words long . The note on When you finish writing an essay, use th is checklist.
its own will not give you sufficient material. Before
you start writing, take a few minutes to expand them . Content I
Here's a way to do it: Have you covered the two notes given and one of
your own?
1 Write down the notes (includ ing your own) and
draw three li nes from each one. Now concentrate Communicative achievement
on each note in turn . Try to th ink of three ideas Is your style correct for an essay, i.e. is it fairly
that can add content to that note. For example: formal? Are your opinions easy to follow?

Recyc ling t hing s Organisation

~/"" / t ................ Have you divided your writing into paragraphs, with
, -______ ~ ~L-----_.
an introduction and a conclusion?
less rubbish re -use bottles,
in street thi ngs paper, glass Language
Have you used :
Cyc le or walk • some complex sentences using li nking words?
.'
.' '.
~ .,
t ...... a variety of grammatical structures and tenses?
fewer less ai r less • some interesting vocabulary?
accidents pollution traffic

Pla nt trees
~.... // t ""'"
••••• :.10,.
,-_L...------,

improve more more parks and

air bea utiful green spaces

2 Choose the best ideas from your notes and

start writing .

WRITING FILE: ESSAY

 11 (Part 2)
t 1, Part 2, Question 2 (see task on page 18)

Informal openings
This is an example of a Part 2 informal ema il. Remember that the email or letter Dear Jack, Hello Jack, Hi Jack, Jack
in Part 2 can be forma l or informa l.
Welcoming a vis itor
You' ll be very welcome ...
I'm so happy you' re coming
It's great news that yo u
are coming ...
I was so happy to hear that.
Hi Jack,
Giving an opinion or advising
That's great news! You and your friend wi ll Use an informal In my op inion, yo u should ...
be very welcome here . ............................................. opening and I rea lly think it wo uld be a good
informal idea to .. .
As you're on ly stayi ng for a week, I think you language
I don't think it is advisable
shou ld see the nationa l park and also the to ... because ...
Lake District, which is about ten kilometres You may want to hire
~ away. In my opinion , it wou ld be a good idea bikes because ...
Remember to
give your opinion ./ for you to hi re bikes because publi c transport
Giving reasons why you can't
on both pOints: is not very good here, and I haven't got a do someth ing
good places drivi ng lice nce yet!
to explore I'm afraid I wo n't be able
and public There is a good museum fu ll of great displays
to ... because .. .
transport. Unfortunately, I can't ...
about the history of my city, wh ich is not ""'........ "" .. Divide your
boring at all! There is also an old castle you email into clear
I'm really so rry that I wo n't be
paragraphs
able to ...
can visit, wh ich is very special.
What a pity! I have to go to
school, so I can't ...
Informal closings
See you soon !
Use linking Al l th e best
words to Yours
produce Do ema il me or phone if you need me to do
Love
some complex anyth ing.
sentences.
Looking forward to seeing you aga in
very soon! • Read the instructions and the
ema il from you friend very
Best wishes, ca refu lly, noting down all the
information you need to includ e.
Alex
• Dec ide w hat to include in each
paragraph and jot dow n some
vocabu lary you may want to use .
• Try to w ri te close to the
maximum number of wo rd s.

WRITING FILE: EMA IL

Letter (Part 2)
Test 2, Part 2, Question 3 (see task on page 41)

I think I am th e ri gh t p \ I ~ 1\ /I ll
the summer job becau
'"\e\e~~\0\0\,\e\e\~\e\0~ ' t:."<e \e~~ ~\~\~~~~'le ~ \0 'e \~ \0 ~~
I think I have the knowl d g .11 1 I
Use a formal Dear Ms Roddick, experience that is need d for ...
opening. Use Ms ...................~ I am very reliable and I get on w C'1I
followed by the with people ...
surname if you 1 am writing to apply for your drama summer course ~
are writing to a
I have always had an interest in ...
which 1 saw advertised in the local newspaper. 1 am .
woman . Always start
Talking about your experience
twenty-four years old and 1 am studying history of by stating what
the purpose of I have no experience of workin g
art at college. 1 would very much like to attend the your letter is. full-time but I have had
drama course because 1 love acting and 1 am very summer jobs.
I have helped to organise a
keen to improve my skills. 1 would love to work in
number of school events.
the theatre in the future. I've always enjoyed working
on projects to do with
1 have had a passion for acting and dancing since the environment.
1 was ten years old. 1 have some experience in acting I have some experience of working
as a group leader.
in school plays and dancing in a local ballet group. i
Talking about your avai lability
Organise
1 have always enjoyed performing in front of an
I I wou ld be able to
your content audience. 1 attended two short drama schools in start immediately.
points into
paragraphs: -' .~2006 and 2007: the first one was a contemporary I am avai lable on ly at weekends.
this one deals theatre one and the second was about seventeenth- At the moment I am ava ilab le
with the second Monday to Friday, but I would be
bullet point century Italian drama. able to work weekend sh ifts in
in the task: the summer.
your acting 1 would be available every afternoon and early
or dancing
experience. evenings from Monday to Friday. At the moment
1 am doing some part-time work on Saturday • Read the question carefully to
decide the level of form ality of
mornings, but 1 would be free the rest ofthe weekend. the letter. Remember th e task
This is a good
does not tell you that you have
1 look forward to hearingfrom you ..................................... 1. way to end a
to write a formal letter: it is up
forma I letter.
to you to decide.
Yours sincerely, • Underline th e points in the
question and decid how many
paragraph s you wa nt to w rite
Alecia Brown and wh ich point or po ints you
will includ e in each one.
• Note down th e id eas you
w ant t o use for each point.
For exa mple, w hy do you want
to do the course? Don't start
writing until you have got
some ideas.
• Wh en you write about your
experience, give clear details and
examples . Be imag inative and
remember you do not have to
tell the truth!

WRITING FILE: LETTER

 ( rt 2)
rt 2, Question 4 (see task on page 18)

Rhetorical questions
How would you react in a situation
like this?
Have fun and learn Give your
Was I surprised? Wel l, not real ly.
article a catchy
with 'WordsMix'! .... ------------------------ - title to attract Are you keen on adventure? Then
attention. w hy not ...
You can _~ Are you tired of computer games that are a waste of Have you ever heard anything
use direct like it?
or indirect time? 1his one is great fun and it also helps you enrich
questions to Addressing the reader directly
your vocabulary. I know that you must be thinking
add colour. Just think about it. You'l l probably
this is another boring educational game. Well, think agree with me that ...
,--_ _ __ ---, . ...~again! 1his is exciting stuff - try it and you won't We are told that this is the best
These t wo way to .... But I don 't agree, and I
want to stop!
sentences am pretty sure you don't either.
engage the If you like to read good thrillers,
readers by At the beginning ofthe game, you are given some letters then this is for you.
addressing and you have to come up with as many words as you
them directly. Recommending
can. It's got wonderful visual pets, so the words you There are a number of reasons why
The ta sk requ ires
write flash and dance on the screen. You receive points I wou ld recommend this to ...
you to describe
for each word and when you collect a certain number the cam puter I'm in no doubt that this is real ly
game, but it I good for ...
ofpoints, you move on to the next level. .... -------------------------- - needs to be only This is by far the best ... I have
a brief summary. come across.
I would highly recommend this game to other readers This is the idea l .. . for young
for two reasons. First, the game requires you to use teenagers because ...

your brain but it is not full of complicated rules. I can't think of any other game
that is as entertaining as this one.
Secondly, you can play this game alone - just you
Notice how the
against the computer - or you can have competitions recommendations
with your friends. I am sure you'll become a fan of have been
• Read the question carefully and
grouped together
this great game! .... -------------------------------------------------------------------- - plan your article before you start
in a paragraph .
to w rite . Pay attention to w ho
you are w riting the article for. If
it is for your school magazine,
you may use an informa l style . If
it is for a magazine with a wider
readership, you may need a
semi-formal style.
• Write down some interesting,
colourful language that you may
want to use. Remember that
the purpose of your article is
not only to inform but also to
entertain th e reader.
• Think of an interesting title.
• Use interest ing detai ls, examples
or anecdotes to ensure that your
articl e has a persona l touch .

WR ITING FI LE: A RT ICL E

Report (Part 2)
Test 2, Part 2, Question 2 (see task on page 41)

Introducing th r p tl
The aim of thi s r POI t i lt) ..•
In th is report I will ...
I have been asked to w rit I IHH t
Report on the about ...
School Magazine In the f irst Making recommendation s
parag raph. I wou ld suggest that .. .
In this report I will summarise my classmates' opinions say what the It seems to me that the best
purpose of your solution is ...
and our suggestions for improvements. ""'--------------------------- report is.
There are a few changes I would
The use of li ke to recommend ...
The articles
headings allows
Taking all this into accou nt.
you to organise They were well written and on topics that interest the I suggest that ...
the sections
of you r report students. Everybody loved the article by the student Finishing the report
clearly.
who is back from a school exchange in France. She has In conclusion. I think that ...
inspired several students to try next year. To conclude, I wou ld say that ...
To sum up, I think ...
The sports page The main concl usi on of my report
is that ...
This was ofgreat interest to all, particularly as some
jraking everything into account,
of the school teams are doing very well. Students liked I co ncl ud e that ...
the very entertaining football and hockey reports,
which included some interesting interviews.
• Read the question careful ly and
The school news page plan your report before you start
to write. Think of the format you
It is great to have forthcoming dates for school events are goin g to use and whether
you are going to use headi ngs.
and also to be told about future changes in the school, Decide how many headings or
Try to use
some complex such as the need to move the I T room and the plan to paragraphs you wil l need and
sent ences by make a quick calculation of the
organise a summer concert. number of words you can use
us ing linking
words. under each.
How it could be improved • Remember you have to write
approximately 180 word s,
There was a general request for more articles about the
so don't get ca rri ed aw ay
trips organised by the school. Some students suggested and write to o much under
anyone hea ding.
that the magazine should include interviews with
• Remember yo u have to show
students from other countries who visit our town. a range of language, 50 use
interesting vocab ulary and write
To conclude, I'll say that students agree that this is fu ll sentences, linking some of
Incl ude a fi nal your ideas to produce some
a great magazine and most of them would like to sentence or two complex sentences.
contribute to it in future. ""'________________ _____________ ______ ____ ___________ _ _ su mmarising
• Include a conclusion, even if it
your conclusions.
is short.
• Check that you have used a
semi-fo rm al or formal style and
co rrect any informal language
you may have used.

WRITING FILE: REPORT

 w (P rt 2)
rt 2, Question 3 (see task on page 18)

Introducing the plot

This ... is about ...
This ... tel ls the story of
two friends.
The series 'Sandy Bay' is about the lift of eight
In this .. . , we learn about the
friends, four boys and four girls, who are adventu res of ...
neighbours and spend a lot of time together. This ... takes the reader into a
fantasy w orld.
The characters are all very different; for example, Giving positive and negative
Sam is outgoing and full of enthusiasm while opin ions
I love the wa y the main character
Ralph is very shy, Though they are just ordinary Don't write too deals w ith ...
much about
people, they often do crazy, unpredictable things I don't think the female character
the plot of
that we would not do in real lift and this is the series - is true to life.
remember you The story is so exciting you don't
what makes the series so enjoyable. For example, need to add ress want the series to end.
you can never guess who they will fall in the other
I found the plot rather confusing.
req uirements of
love with! ...................................................................... ..
the task. Recommending only for a
certain audience
I love this series because it is full of humour This is an excel lent ... for young
and drama - you get to laugh and also to cry. Iteenagers, but I don 't think it
would appeal to ...
I enjoy following the changes in the characters' I
As this ... is set in a future world,
relationships and I can almost believe they are I would not recommend it to
// my own friends. anyone w ho doesn't like
Back up your
science fiction.
answers wit h
examples. Teenagers w ou ld not understand
I'd recommend it to people up to the age of 40
some of the situ ations in this ... ,
because they'll definitely share the experiences of so I think it's unsu itable for them.
the main characters. Once they have watched it If you enjoy thrilling adventure,
then this is the .. . for you.
Don't be afraid a few times, I am sure they'll find it very hard
...............~ Use varied
of expressing ....... ....i;i ..miss an episode! However, as the humour is structures
your personal
views. targeted at the younger generation, older people and try to
• Read the question carefully and
avoid repeating
might not find it so appealing. .................................. . 'because' too
plan your review before you start
often.
to write. Think of the style you
wi ll use, wh ich wi ll probably be
sem i-fo rm al.
• Think about how you wi ll
organise the content into
paragraphs. You need to deal
w ith several tasks within the
question: to inform the reader
about th e book or programme,
to give your personal opinion
and to say whether you w ou ld
recomm end it.
• You w ill need to use varied
language, including interesting
adj ectives. Jot dow n some w ord s
you may w ant to use so that you
ca n avoid the overuse of w ords
such as 'good' or 'nice'.
• Check your spellin g and
punctuation and correct any
basic errors you may have mad e.

WRITING FILE : REVIEW