6

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Giving Translation of Real-Life Verbal
Expressions and Equations Into
Letters or Symbols and Vice Versa

CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
Mathematics – Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 3: Giving translation of real-life verbal expressions and equations
into letters and symbols
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Author: Robert S. Lapus
Editors: Mae Joy M. Tan, Susana L. Lutero, Nora B. Rebadomia,
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 6

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Giving Translation of Real-Life Verbal
Expressions and Equations Into
Letters or Symbols and Vice Versa
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand
each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the skills in translating real-life verbal expressions and equations into
letters or symbols and vice versa. The scope of this module allows you to use it in
many different learning situations. The language used recognizes your diverse
vocabulary level. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of your
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to match with the
textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into two lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Translating real-life verbal expressions and equations into letters

or symbols and vice versa

 Lesson 2 –Identifying a variable in an algebraic expression and equation

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Translate real-life verbal expressions and equations into letters or symbols

and vice versa (M6AL-IIIe-16) and

2. Identify a variable in an algebraic expression and equation (M6AL-IIIe-17)

1 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 What I Know

Translate the following word phrases into algebraic expressions.

1. Seven more than k

2. Five added to q
3. Three subtracted from m
4. c increased by 12
5. Twice n

Translate the following algebraic expressions into word phrases.

6. 14 – 9m
7. r – 4
8. s÷8
9. 2 + (3 x 5)
10. 3n + 5

2 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
Lesson Translating Real-life Verbal

1 Expressions and Equations into

Letters and Symbols and Vice Versa

In the previous lessons you have learned how to differentiates expression

from equation. This time we will focus on translating real-life verbal expressions
and equations into letters and vice versa.

What’s In

Translate the following algebraic expressions into word phrases. Write your
answer in your answer sheet.

1. 2m + n

2. 3x – 7

3. 5 + (2x)

4. 2 (a + b)

5. 6x ÷ 2

6. n + 2m

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies

that will help you in guiding the learners.

3 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 What’s New

Read and understand the problem below.

Mr. and Mrs. Romeo own a laundry shop. They have 152 customers this

week, 24 fewer than last week. Write an algebraic equation for the number of

customers they had last week.

What is It

To translate the given problem into algebraic equation, consider this:

Let m be the number they had last week.

Translation:

Twenty-four fewer than the number last week is 152

m – 24 = 152

Algebraic equation: m – 24 = 152 (The number of costumers last week is 24 fewer

than m is 152)

Example 2:

A kite is flying at an altitude of m meters. Express algebraically its new altitude

after rising 20 meters.

Translate:
m meter is increased by 20

m + 20

Algebraic expression: m + 20 (The kite’s new altitude is 20 meters more than m

meters)

4 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
Example 3 Translate into an algebraic equation: Twice a number decreased by
eight is equal to 16.

Let k be the number.

Twice a number decreased by eight is equal to sixteen

2k - 8 = 16

Algebraic equation: 2k – 8 = 16

Example 4 Translate into an algebraic equation: If fourteen is added to the

difference of a number and 23, the sum is eighty.

Let z be the number.

difference of a number and 23 plus fourteen is eighty

z – 23 + 14 = 80

Algebraic equation: z – 23 + 14 = 80

Example 5 Translate into an algebraic equation. Thrice the sum of a number

and four is thirty-two.

Let w be the number.

thrice the sum of a number and four is thirty-two

3 w+4 = 32

Algebraic equation: 3 ( w + 4 ) = 32

5 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 What’s More

A. Translate the following numerical expressions/equations into word

phrases.

Numerical
Translations
Expressions/Equations

1. 25 + y

2. 5n = 120

3. 45k

4. 2r + 4 = 20

5. t ÷ 6 = 130

B. Translate the following into numerical expression / equation. Write your

answers on your answer sheet.

1. Twice the sum of 8 and r

Translation: _________________________________

2. Mike weighs r pounds. Translate algebraically his weight after he gained 5

pounds.
Translation: _________________________________

3. Billy is z years old now. Express his age 8 years ago.

Translation: _________________________________

Refer inside the box for items 4-5.

Marivic is thrice as old as Roselyn. If Roselyn is m years old, Kris is

3 years older than Roselyn.

4. Express Kris’ age algebraically

Translation: _________________________________

5. Write the expression for the sum of Marivic’s and Roselyn’s ages.
Translation: _________________________________

6 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 What I Have Learned

To translate verbal expressions and equations into letters or symbols and

vice versa, familiarity with words and phrases associated with symbols or
operations are very important.

These are key words that might be useful in translating word phrase to
mathematical symbols.

Symbols Meaning/s
addition, plus, the sum of, more than, added to, increased by, the
+ total of

subtraction, minus, the difference of, less than, decreased by,

- diminished by, subtracted from, less, take away, fewer than

x, • , ( ) multiplication, times, the product of, of, twice,

multiplied by, thrice

division, divided by, the quotient of, the ratio of, per
÷,/, ―

equals, is equal to, is, is the same as

=

7 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 What I Can Do

Read and translate the following word problems into algebraic equations.

Write your answer in your answer sheet.

1. Jose is p centimeters tall. Ben’s height is thrice Jose’s height. Express Ben’s

height algebraically.

2. Write an algebraic equation for the cost of 15 liters of gasoline, if x pesos per

liter is ₱810.00.

3. Noel is y years old now. Write the algebraic equation for Noel’s age if his age

10 years from now is 35.

4. Ten years ago, Art was four times as old as Ken. Write the algebraic equation

showing Art’s age.

5. If twice a number is increased by 15, the result is 45. Write the algebraic
equation of the given statement.

8 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 Assessment

Match the word phrases in column A with the numerical expressions

/equations in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer in your answer
sheet.

A B
1. a number b subtracted from 12 a. 6y

2. six times the number y b. 2x2

3. the sum of five and thrice a number z c. 5 + 3z

4. twelve divided by n d. 6x - 5

5. one less than the product of 4 and y e. 9k

6. a number z increased by ten f. z + 10

7. twice the square of a number x g. 3 (4r)

8. thrice the product of 4 and r h. 4y - 1

9. nine times a number k i. 12 - b

10. six times a number x minus five j. 12 ÷ n

9 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 Additional Activities

A. Translate the following verbal phrases into algebraic expressions or

equations:

1. five subtracted from twice z

2. a number p less eleven is fifty

3. fifteen decreased by a number p

4. the square of the product of x and y

5. the sum of six and twenty less five equals the number z

B. Translate the following numerical expressions/equations into

word phrases:

1. 2x + 5

2. 5x – 8

3. 4 (y + 7)

4. 2n = 120

5. 42 = 16

10 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3 11
What I Know What’s More
1. k+7 A.
2. 5+q / q+5 1. twenty-five plus a number / twenty-five added to
3. m-3
a number / twenty-five increased by a number
4. c+12
5. 2n 2. five times a number is one hundred twenty / five
multiplied by a number is equal to one hundred
(for items 6-10, learner may use other related
twenty
words/phrases associated with the indicated
operations) 3. forty-five times a number / forty-five is multiplied
by a number / the product of forty-five and a
6. Fourteen decreased by the product of nine
and a number / number
Fourteen minus the product of 9 and a 4. twice a number added to four is twenty / two
number times a number plus four equals twenty
7. A number diminished by four /
A number minus four / 5. a number divided by six is one hundred thirty /
Difference of a number and 4 / the quotient of a number and six is equal to one
Four is subtracted from a number hundred thirty
8. s divided by 8 /
The quotient of a number and eight B. 1. 2 (8+r) / 2 (r+8)
9. the product of three and five added to two / 2. r+5 / r + 5
two plus the product of three and five 3. z-8
10. three times n added to five / 4. m+3 / 3 + m
three multiplied to five plus five 5. 3m + m / m + 3m
What I Can Do
1. 3p
2. 15x = ₱810
3. y+10 = 35
4. 4k - 10
What’s In 5. 2x + 15 = 45
1. Two m plus n /
Assessment
Two times m added to n
2. Three x minus seven / 1. i 6. f
Three multiplied by a number less seven / 2. a 7. b
thrice x decreased by 7 3. c 8. g
3. Five plus the product of two and x / Five 4. j 9. e
added to two times a number / Five is 5. h 10. d
increased by two time a number
4. Twice the sum of a and b / Additional Activities
Two time the sum of a and b
A. 1. 2z – 5
5. The product of six and x divided by two /
2. p – 11 = 50
Six times a number divided by two 3. 15 – p
6. n plus twice m / n added to two times m 4. (xy)2
5. (6 + 20) – 5 = z
B. 1. twice a number x plus five
2. five times a number x less
eight
3. four times the sum of y and seven
4. twice the number n equals one
hundred twenty
5. four squared equals sixteen
Answer Key
Lesson Identifying a Variable in an
Algebraic Expression and
2 Equation

In the previous lessons you have learned to translate real-life verbal

expressions and equations into letters and vice versa. This time, we will focus on
identifying a variable in an algebraic expression and equation.

What’s In

A. Identify the number that should replace the question mark to make the
mathematical statement correct. Write your answers on your answer sheet.

1. ? + 5= 22

2. 72 ÷ ? = 8

3. 19 =? – 12

4. 7+2= 3+?

5. 21 x ? = 63

B. Translate the following word phrases into algebraic expression and identify
the variable(s). Write your answer on your answer sheet.

6. Five times the sum of a and b

7. Twelve decreased by twice x

8. Fifty-one minus the product of r and five

9. Seven is multiplied to the difference of two and x

10. The quotient of twelve and four added to x

12 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 What’s New

Read and analyze the problem.

Leni bought 5 apples which cost ₱12.00 each. She gave the seller a ₱100.00
bill. How much change did Leni receive?

1. What did Leni buy?

2. How much did she give to the seller?
3. What do you need to find out?
4. What is used to represent unknown number?

What is It

To solve a mathematical problem, the variable is used to represent unknown

number. A variable is any letter or symbol that represents a number.

To solve the above problem, let us use variables to represent the unknown
numbers.
Let: y = be the cost of apples
z = be the change that Leni received from her ₱100.00 bill

To find the cost of apples, we use this equation: 5 x ₱12.00 = y

Solution: 5 x ₱12.00 = y

P60.00 = y

To find the change Leni received, we use this equation:

₱100.00 – ₱60.00 = z

Solution: ₱100.00 – ₱60.00 = z

₱40.00 =z

Therefore, Leni received ₱40.00 change from her ₱100.00 bill.

13 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 What’s More

Identify the variable/s in the expressions and equations below. Write your
answer on your answer sheet.

1. 15 – (a + 6)

2. 25 ÷ n = 5

3. c = 48

4. 37 – m = 29

5. z = 24 – 18

6. 15 x³

7. 29 + p = 31

8. b – 30 ÷ 10

9. 24s + 9 = 57

10. ( 16 ÷ 4 ) – 3 = x

14 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 What I Have Learned

An algebraic expression is a mathematical phrase that uses variables,

numerals, and operation symbols.

Any letter or symbol used to represent a number in an algebraic expression

or equation is called a variable.

What I Can Do

Translate the following word phrases into an algebraic expression or

equation. Use a variable to represent an unknown number. Write your answer on
your answer sheet.

1. fifteen is subtracted from the quotient of a and b.

2. a number diminished by seven

3. four greater than two times a number is equal to sixty.

4. the sum of a number and six is forty.

5. thrice a number decreased by twenty

6. the square of a number is sixteen

7. the quotient of twice a number and five

8. twice a number increased by five is thirty-seven

9. a number divided by two

10. the difference between ten times a number and twelve

15 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 Assessment

Write the variables used in each item below. Write the correct answer in your
answer sheet.

1. 37 – ( 3 + y )

2. 5 ( 4 – b )

3. y = 2 + 46

4. n = 24 x 2

5. z x 9 = 90 ÷ 10

6. forty divided by p

7. r less than a product of two and eight

8. eighteen less than x

9. q less than the product of six and for is eighteen

10. the sum of t and fifty-seven is sixty-five

16 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
 Additional Activities

Translate the following word phrases into algebraic expression or equation.

Use variables to represents unknown numbers. Write your answer on your answer

sheet.

1. a number less than a quotient of seventy-five and fifteen

2. sixty-four reduced by a number is forty-eight

3. the sum of a number and twelve is 26

4. seventeen added to a number

5. twenty-one added to a number

6. n decreased by three

7. eighteen less than a number

8. a number less thrice fifteen

9. five times a number less three is eighteen.

10. a number added to ninety is five hundred two

17 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3 18
What I Know What I Can Do
1. n 1. (a÷b)-15
2. x 2. n-7
3. n 3. 2n+4=60
4. n 4. n + 6 = 40
5. n 5. 3y – 20
6. p 6. x2 = 16
7. n 7. 2y ÷ 5
8. xy 8. 2x + 5 = 37
9. n 9. y ÷ 2
10. a 10. 10n-12
(learners may use any letter or symbol to represent
variables)
Assessment
What’s In 1. y 6. p
1. 17 2. b 7. r
2. 9 3. y 8. x
3. 31 4. n 9. q
4. 6 5. z 10. t
5. 3
6. 5(a+b) variables are a & b
7. 12-2x variable is x
8. 51-(5r) variable is r
9. 7(2-x) variable is x
10. (12÷4) + x variable is x Additional Activities
1. n-(75÷15)
What’s More
2. 64-n=48
1. a 3. n+12=26
2. n 4. 17+n / n+17
3. c 5. 21+n / n+21
4. m 6. n-3
5. z 7. n-18
6. x 8. n-3(15)
7. p 9. 5n-3=18
8. b 10. n+90=502 / 90+n=502
9. s Note: learners may use any letters or symbols to
10. x represent variables
Answer Key
References

Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in Mathematics 6

Perez, M. et al. (2016)21st Century MATHletes 6. Philippines: Vibal Group Inc.

19 CO_Q3_Mathematics 6_ Module 3
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