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This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist. No portion
of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

6–47.

The beam is made from three boards nailed together as 25 mm

shown. If the moment acting on the cross section is
M = 600 N # m, determine the maximum bending stress in
the beam. Sketch a three-dimensional view of the stress 150 mm
distribution and cover the cross section.
20 mm

200 mm M  600 Nm

20 mm
Solution
(0.0125)(0.24)(0.025) + 2(0.1)(0.15)(0.02)
y = = 0.05625 m
0.24(0.025) + 2(0.15)(0.02)

1
I = (0.24) ( 0.0253 ) + (0.24)(0.025) ( 0.043752 )
12

1
+2a b(0.02) ( 0.153 ) + 2(0.15)(0.02) ( 0.043752 )
12

= 34.53125 ( 10-6 ) m4

Mc
smax = sB =
I
600(0.175 - 0.05625)
=
34.53125 ( 10-6 )
= 2.06 MPa Ans.

My 600(0.05625)
sc = = = 0.977 MPa
I 34.53125 ( 10-6 )

Ans:
smax = 2.06 MPa

510
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6–98.

If d = 450 mm, determine the absolute maximum bending 125 mm

stress in the overhanging beam. 12 kN 25 mm 25 mm
8 kN/m
75 mm
d
A
B 75 mm
4m 2m

Solution
Support Reactions: Shown on the free-body diagram of the beam, Fig. a.

Maximum Moment: The shear and moment diagrams are shown in Figs. b and c.
As indicated on the moment diagram, Mmax = 24 kN # m.

Section Properties: The moment of inertia of the cross section about the neutral
axis is

1 1
I = (0.175)(0.453) - (0.125)(0.33)
12 12

= 1.0477(10 - 3) m4

0.45
Absolute Maximum Bending Stress: Here, c = = 0.225 m.
2
Mmax c 24(103)(0.225)
smax = = = 5.15 MPa Ans.
I 1.0477(10 - 3)

Ans:
smax = 5.15 MPa

562
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7–5. 

If the wide-flange beam is subjected to a shear of 200 mm

V = 30 kN, determine the maximum shear stress in the
beam. Set w = 300 mm.
A 20 mm
20 mm
V
B
300 mm

200 mm
Solution 20 mm

Section Properties: The moment of inertia of the cross section about the neutral
axis is
1 1
I = (0.3) ( 0.443 ) - (0.28) ( 0.43 ) = 0.63627 ( 10-3 ) m4
12 12
Maximum shear stress occurs at the neutral axis. Referring to Fig. a,
Qmax = Σy′A′ = 0.21[0.3(0.02)] + 0.1[0.2(0.02)]
= 1.66 ( 10-3 ) m3

Maximum Shear Stress: Applying the shear formula,

VQmax 30 ( 103 ) 3 1.66 ( 10-3 ) 4

tmax = =
It 0.63627 ( 10-3 ) (0.02)

= 3.913 ( 106 ) Pa = 3.91 MPa Ans.

Ans:
tmax = 3.91 MPa

662
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7–9. Determine the largest shear force V that the member

can sustain if the allowable shear stress is tallow = 856ksi.
MPa.
753 mm
in.

251mm
in.
V
in. 1 25
753 mm in.mm
Solution 125in.
mm

(0.0125)(0.125)(0.025)  2[0.05(0.025)(0.05)]
y =  0.029167 m
0.125(0.025)  2(0.025)(0.05)

1
I = (0.125)(0.0253 ) + 0.125(0.025)(0.029167 − 0.0125)2
12
1 
+ 2  (0.025)(0.053 ) + 0.025(0.05)(0.05 − 0.029167)2  = 2.6367(10 −6 ) m 4
0.04583 m

 12  0.022917 m

6
Qmax = ©y¿A¿ = 2[(0.022917)(0.025)(0.04583)]  52.5174(10 ) m
3

VQmax
tmax = tallow =
It

V [52.5174(10 6 )]
56(106 ) 
[2.6367(10 6 )][2(0.025)]

V = 140.58(10 3 ) N  141 kN Ans.

Ans:
V = 141 kN

666
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7–13.

Determine the shear stress at point B on the web of the 2 kN 4 kN

cantilevered strut at section a–a. 250 mm 250 mm 300 mm
a

a
20 mm

70 mm
B

Solution 20 mm
50 mm
(0.01)(0.05)(0.02) + (0.055)(0.07)(0.02)
y = = 0.03625 m
(0.05)(0.02) + (0.07)(0.02)

1
I = (0.05) ( 0.023 ) + (0.05)(0.02)(0.03625 - 0.01)2
12

1
+ (0.02) ( 0.073 ) + (0.02)(0.07)(0.055 - 0.03625)2 = 1.78625 ( 10-6 ) m4
12

y′B = 0.03625 - 0.01 = 0.02625 m

QB = (0.02)(0.05)(0.02625) = 26.25 ( 10-6 ) m3

VQB 6 ( 103 ) (26.25) ( 10-6 )

tB = =
It 1.78622 ( 10-6 ) (0.02)

= 4.41 MPa Ans.

Ans:
tB = 4.41 MPa

670
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If the beam is subjected to a shear of V = 15 kN, 200 mm

determine the web’s shear stress at A and B. Indicate
the shear-stress components on a volume element
30 mm A
located at these points. Set w = 125 mm. Show that the
25 mm
neutral axis is located at y = 0.1747 m from the bottom
and INA = 0.2182(10 −3) m4. V
250 mm B

30 mm w

Solution
(0.015)(0.125)(0.03) + (0.155)(0.025)(0.25) + (0.295)(0.2)(0.03)
y = = 0.1747 m
0.125(0.03) + (0.025)(0.25) + (0.2)(0.03)

1
I = (0.125)(0.033) + 0.125(0.03)(0.1747 - 0.015)2
12

1
+ (0.025)(0.253) + 0.25(0.025)(0.1747 - 0.155)2
12

1
+ (0.2)(0.033) + 0.2(0.03)(0.295 - 0.1747)2 = 0.218182(10-3) m4
12

QA = yA′A = (0.310 - 0.015 - 0.1747)(0.2)(0.03) = 0.7219(10-3) m3

QB = yA′B = (0.1747 - 0.015)(0.125)(0.03) = 0.59883(10-3) m3

VQA 15(103)(0.7219)(10-3)
tA = = = 1.99 MPa Ans.
It 0.218182(10-3)0.025

VQB 15(103)(0.59883)(10-3)
tB = = = 1.65 MPa­ Ans.
It 0.218182(10-3)0.025

Ans:
tA = 1.99 MPa, tB = 1.65 MPa

679
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8–5.

Air pressure in the cylinder is increased by exerting forces P

P = 2 kN on the two pistons, each having a radius of 45 mm.
If the cylinder has a wall thickness of 2 mm, determine the 47 mm
state of stress in the wall of the cylinder.

Solution
P 2(103)
p = = = 314 380.13 Pa
A p(0.0452)
pr 314 380.13(0.045)
s1 = = = 7.07 MPa Ans.
t 0.002
s2 = 0 Ans.

The pressure P is supported by the surface of the pistons in the longitudinal

direction.

Ans:
s1 = 7.07 MPa, s2 = 0

738
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8–10. A wood wood pipe

pipe having
havingan aninner
innerdiameter
diameterofof0.93 mft is ss
bound together
together using
usingsteel
steelhoops
hoopseach having
each havinga cross-sec-
a cross- 4 psi
28 kPa 428psi
kPa
tional area
sectional of 125
area mm
of 0.2 in22..If
If the
the allowable
allowable stress
stress for the hoops
is sallow ==8412MPa, determine their
ksi, determine their maximum spacing s along
the section of pipe so that the pipe can resist an internal
gauge pressure
pressure ofof 28 kPa.Assume
4 psi. Assumeeacheach hoop
hoop supports the
pressure loading acting along the length s of the pipe.

ss ss

Solution
Equilibrium for the steel Hoop: From the FBD
[28(103)](0.95)
+
: ©Fx = 0; 3
2 P − [28(10 )](0.93) =
0 P=
12.6(10 )s 3

0.9 m

Hoop Stress for the Steel Hoop:

P
s1 = sallow =
A

12.6(10 3 )s
84(106 ) =
125(10 −6 )

s = 0.833 m Ans.

Ans.
s = 0.833 m

743
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8–21.  If the load has a weight of 2700 N, determine the

maximum normal stress developed on the cross section of
the supporting member at section a–a. Also, plot the normal 0.5 m
stress distribution over the cross-section. 25 mm
a a

Solution
Section a – a
Internal Loadings: Consider the equilibrium of the free-body diagram of the bottom
cut segment shown in Fig. a.

+ c ©Fy = 0; N - 2700 = 0 N = 2700 N

a + ©MC = 0; 2700(0.5) - M = 0 M = 1350 N . m

Section Properties: The cross-sectional area and the moment of inertia about the
centroidal axis of the member are

π
= (0.0252 ) 0.625(10 −3 )π m
A π= = 2 I = (0.0254 ) 0.30680(10 −6 ) m 4
4

Normal Stress: The normal stress is the combination of axial and bending stress.
Thus,

N Mc
s = ;
A I

By observation, the maximum normal stress occurs at point B, Fig. b. Thus,

2700 1350(0.025)
σ max
= σ=
B +
0.625(10 −3 )π 0.30680(10 −6 )
6
= 111.38(10
= ) N/m 2 111 MPa (T) Ans.

For Point A,

2700 1350(0.025)
=σA −
0.625(10 −3 )π 0.30680(10 −6 )

= − 108.63(106 ) N/m 2 =
109 MPa (C)

Using these results, the normal stress distribution over the cross section is shown in
Fig. b. The location of the neutral axis can be determined from

50 − x x
= ; x = 25.3 mm
108.63 111.38

Ans:
smax = 111 MPa (T)

754
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8–23. The bearing pin supports the load of 3.5 kN.

Determine thethe stress
stresscomponents
componentsininthe support
the member
support at
member 0.75
18 mmin.
point B. B.
at point The support
The supportis 12 mmin.
is 0.5 thick.
thick. A
A A
A
502mm
in. 0.5mm
12 in.
B
B B
B
30
30

75 3mm
in.

Solution
©Fx = 0; N - 700
3.5 cos 30° ==0;0;
cos 30° N ==3.0311
606.218
kNlb 1.25
32 mmin.

©Fy = 0; V - 700
3.5 sin 30° ==0;0;
sin 30° V ==1.75
350 kN
lb
700kN
3.5 lb
a + ©M = 0; M − 3.5(0.032 − 0.05sin 30°) =0 ; =
M 0.0245 KN ⋅=
m 24.5 N ⋅ m

N Mc 3.0311(10 3 ) 24.5(0.009) 50 mm
sB = + = +
A I 0.012(0.018) 1 (0.012)(0.018 3 )
12 32 mm

sB = 51.84(106 ) N/m 2 = 51.8 MPa (T) Ans.

tB = 0 (since QB = 0) Ans.
3.5 kN

Ans:
sB = 51.8 MPa (T), tB = 0

756
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8–33. Determine the state of stress at point A when 4 kN

250 mm
the beam is subjected to the cable force of 4 kN. Indicate
the result as a differential volume element. G
375 mm A

D
B C
2m 1m
0.75 m
20 mm

100 mm A
Solution 200 mm
15 mm
Support Reactions: B
20 mm
a + ©MD = 0; 4(0.625) - Cy (3.75) = 0 150 mm

Cy = 0.6667 kN

+
: ©Fx = 0; Cx - 4 = 0 Cx = 4.00 kN

Internal Forces and Moment:

+
: ©Fx = 0; 4.00 - N = 0 N = 4.00 kN

+ c ©Fy = 0; V - 0.6667 = 0 V = 0.6667 kN

a + ©Mo = 0; M - 0.6667(1) = 0 M = 0.6667 kN # m

Section Properties:

A = 0.24(0.15) - 0.2(0.135) = 9.00 A 10 - 3 B m2

(0.15) A 0.243 B - (0.135) A 0.23 B = 82.8 A 10 - 6 B m4

1 1
I =
12 12

QA = ©y¿A¿ = 0.11(0.15)(0.02) + 0.05(0.1)(0.015)

= 0.405 A 10 - 3 B m3

Normal Stress:

N My
s = ;
A I
4.00(103) 0.6667(103)(0)
sA = +
9.00(10 - 3) 82.8(10 - 6)

= 0.444 MPa (T) Ans.

Shear Stress: Applying shear formula.

VQA
tA =
It
0.6667(103) C 0.405(10 - 3) D
= = 0.217 MPa Ans.
82.8(10 - 6)(0.015)

Ans.
sA = 0.444 MPa (T), tA = 0.217 MPa

769