Survey Questionnaires

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Survey Questionnaires
No survey can achieve success without a well-designed
questionnaire. All the researcher has to guide him/her is a lengthy
list of do's and don'ts born out of the experience of other
researchers past and present. Hence, questionnaire design is more
of an art than a science. The design of a questionnaire will depend
on whether the researcher wishes to collect exploratory
information (i.e. qualitative information for the purposes of better
understanding or the generation of hypotheses on a subject) or
quantitative information (to test specific hypotheses that have
previously been generated).

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Survey Questionnaires

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Design of Questionnaires

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Design of Questionnaires

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Design of Questionnaires

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Design of Questionnaires

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Design of Questionnaires

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Design of Questionnaires
Exploratory questionnaires:
If the information being collected is qualitative and will
not be statistically analyzed, a standardized questionnaire
may not be required. A formal questionnaire, for example,
may limit the conversation and prevent a complete
exploration of the woman's views and process when
interviewing the female head of the household to learn how
decisions are made within the family when purchasing
breakfast foodstuffs. Instead one might prepare a brief guide,
listing perhaps ten major open-ended questions, with
appropriate probes/prompts listed under each.
Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires
Design of Questionnaires
Formal standardized questionnaires:

If the researcher is looking to test and quantify hypotheses and the

data is to be analyzed statistically, a formal standardized questionnaire
is designed. Questionnaires are difficult to design for several reasons:
● Each question must provide a valid and reliable measure.
● The questions must clearly communicate the research intention to
the survey respondent.
● The questions must be assembled into a logical, clear instrument that
flows naturally and will keep the respondent sufficiently interested to
continue to cooperate

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Design of Questionnaires
When preparing the questions, bear in mind that they can take
many forms.
Questions might be:
1. Open-ended: Designed to prompt the respondent to provide
you with more than just one or two word responses. These
are often "how" or "why" questions.
2. Closed-ended (also sometimes referred to as forced choice
questions): Specific questions that prompt yes or no answers.
3. Multiple choice: Allow the respondent to select one answer
from a few possible choices

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Design of Questionnaires
4. Likert scale: Each respondent is asked to rate items on a response scale. For
instance, they could rate each item on a 1-to-5
response scale
where: 1 = strongly disagree 2 = disagree 3 = undecided
4 = agree 5 = strongly agree

The objective is to gather data that is:

● Valid: measures the quantity or concept that is supposed to be measured
● Reliable: measures the quantity or concept in a consistent or reproducible manner
● Unbiased: measures the quantity or concept in a way that does not systematically
under- or overestimate the true value
● Discriminating: can distinguish adequately between respondents for whom the
underlying level of the quantity or concept is different
Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires
Questionnaire testing and pilot surveys
Survey protocol, data collection and questionnaire testing are
fundamental components of the data production process. Testing
provides a means to check whether the questionnaire is valid in
itself (form; question formulation, including translation if relevant;
overall structure and transitions between questions and/or
question sets), and to validate the data collection protocol (the
tasks of contacting respondents and presenting the survey to them;
tools used for follow-up in the field, etc.).
https://www.ined.fr/en/resources-methods/surveymethodology/methodological-
choices/questionnaire-design-and-testing/

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Test of Questionnaires

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Revise

Survey protocol, data collection and questionnaire testing are

fundamental components of the data production process.
Testing provides a means to check whether the questionnaire is
valid in itself (form; question formulation, including translation
if relevant; overall structure and transitions between questions
and/or question sets), and to validate the data collection
protocol (the tasks of contacting respondents and presenting
the survey to them; tools used for follow-up in the field, etc.).
https://www.ined.fr/en/resources-methods/survey-
methodology/methodological-choices/questionnaire-design-
and-testing/

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Revise
Shorten the set of questions for the study. If a question does not
address one of your aims, discard it. https://evalcop.extension.org/2012/11/survey-
design-testing-monitoring-and-revising/

Refine the questions included and their wording by testing them

with a variety of respondents.
⚪ Ensure the flow is natural.
⚪ Verify that terms and concepts are familiar and easy to understand
for your target audience.

Keep recall to a minimum and focus on the recent past.

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

Revise

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires

ASSIGNMENT

Design your own survey questionnaire about a

family’s favorite pastime or hobby during the
Enhanced Community Quarantine days in your
community.
Let your family members and relatives answer your
survey questionnaire. List down what they think about
your self-made questionnaire.

Designs, tests and revises survey questionnaires