Basic Electronics (22225)

Practical No.7: Convert AC Signal into DC Signal Using Full Wave

Rectifier.
Practical Significance
Electrical energy is distributed as alternating current because AC voltage can be

increased or decreased with the help of transformers. This allows power to be

transmitted through power lines efficiently. AC voltage is represented as sine wave
voltage. For certain electronic applications like computers, DC power supply Is
required. Rectifier is a circuit that converts AC to pulsating DC. In this experiment
students will observe the working of full wave rectifier and can compare 1ts

performance with half wave rectifier.

Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)

solve
ability to apply discipline specific knowledge
to
PO2. Discipline knowledge: An
core and/or applied engineering problems.
PO3. Experiments and practice: An ability to plan and perform experiments and

practices and to use the results to solve engineering problems.

III Competency and Practical Skills

skills for the industry identified
This practical is expected to develop the following
competency "Use simple electronic circuits of computer system '
Connect Circuits
11. Record measurements.

il. Analyze results

Observe waveforms on CRO
V.

IV Relevant Course Outcome(s)

Use diodes in different applications

Practical Outcome
into DC signal using Full Wave Rectifier:
Convert AC signal
Identify terminals of the component.
rectifíer.
M o u n t circuit components of full wave
waveform
Observe performance of full wave rectifier by Output DC voltage
rectifier.
Comnpare with half wave

VI
Relevant Affective domain related Outcome(s)
i. Handle equipments and components
carefully
ii. Work in team

VII Minimum Theoretical Background into DC and this

for convérting AC
electronic device used
Rectifier is an
a full wave rectifier
circuit,
Rectification. Like the half
wave
process is known as DC or has some
current which is plsating
an output voltage or
Cireuit produces wave rectifier
utilizes both the cycle of input AC
specified DC component. Full
Center T apped Full wave rectifier
Two diodes are used in full wave rectifier.
voltage. transformer is used
figure. Center tapped
using two diodes is shown in the following arode Di conducts and it is
in this full wave rectifier. During
the positive cycle

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 Basic Electronics (22225)

OFF but diode D, is

diode D, r e m a i n s
the
at output. During negative cycle
able is available as a positive cycle at
bias hence it conducts and negative cycle
orward Note that direction
of current i n the
load
cOutput as shown in the following figure. is only positive cycles.
hence output
SIstance is same during both the cycles
Ripple factor:
Ripple factor is defined as the ratio of the effective value of AC Components to the

average DC value. It is denoted by the symbol "y

For Full Wave Rectifier (FWR),

Ripple factor = =0.48

VIII Practical Circuit diagram:

(a) Sample

M IN 4001
DI

Vm RL Vo
230V AC
IP Supply

Vm

i2
N D2
TN 4001

Figure 1: Full Wave Rectifier

(b) Actual Circuit used in laboratory

INyoo
Vm Ve
230 VAc
iv.
V

NF

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Basic Electronics (22225)

(c) Actual Experimental set up used in laboratory

IX Resources required

. No. Name of Resource Suggested Specification Quantity

Transformer (center tapped) 12-0-12 V AC, 500mA 1 No.

Resistor IK Q No.
Silicon Diode 1N4001/7 2 No.
Diode No.
4. Digital Multimeter Digital Multimeter:3 1/2
digit display
Single Strand 1 No.
Connecting wires

0-20 MHz(Dual Trace) 1 No.

6. CRO

CRO Probes 2. No.

XPrecautions
the circuit
supply unless you have checked
1. Do not switch ON the power
connections as per the circuit diagram.
excecd the input voltage of the diode beyond
do not
2. While doing the experiment
of diode. This may lead to damaging of the diode
the rated voltage shown in the circuit
in correct polarities as
Connect voltmeter and
ammeter
3.

diagram.
XI Procedure wave rectifier on bread
. Connect the Electronic circuit
for Center Tapped Full
board as shown in Fig 1.
mains. Connect the CRO probe
2. Connect the primary side of
the transformer to AC
across diode. Now connect
nmeasure the Vinp-plppearing
across the secondary and
the probes across the resistance R.
the zero de level and measure accurately the peak
. Keep CRO in DC mode, adjust
value of output voltage (Vm).
4. Trace the waveforms. and frequency of the waveform
. Calculate the average dc value of output voltage
or
at the load resistance (Vdc)
measure the DC voltage
. Using a DC voltmeter, resistance by setting multi-meter to AC
across the load
. Measure the AC voltage
mode (Vac).
8. Calculate Ripple factor

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 Basic Electronics(22225

XII Resources Used Quantity Remarks

B r o a d Specifications
If any)
Name of Resource Details

No. Make

XIII Actual Procedure Followed

*******

2. .h.arua...ie1s.AC.Mana..
Ap.CRo Dc.da.adjoha.0.DX..Lna.
4. Caloulds...Kpph.adi . .P. ***

- *

6.

XIV Precautions
a ne audes.oN.1he i b kar.thwkry..
2. Da.ne.encaad.iyut. Jatag.

XV Observations and Calculations

A. Waveform at Secondary of the Transformer (Vm):

Waveform atthe output Resistor RL (Vo,

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 Basic Electronics (22225)

B.
rks Table 1

Load
Ripple Input Signal Output Signal_
Resistance(R) VaeV) Vae(V Vac Vm p-p(V)| Frequency Vm p-p Frequency
Factor (Hz)
Vdc
(Hz) (
IK 2V 2 54v0.71s 2. 6 RHa 5.2kH2

C. Calculations:

Va t
...2.:54......V
Ripple factor = a= 71 . Vac Vm 2v
Vdc
Theoretical Ripple factor = o48 6
XVI Results
Vde calculated =..2.5... V

Ripple factor=....O 793

XVII Interpretation of results

Henca. ha... (alnlabd... urpla artan..p.719

XVIII Conclusions

Parca .c.ceneluda. iheat...the. uple der Laleulakd

......

XIX Practical related Questions

Note: Below given are few san1ple questions for reference. Teachers must design
more such questionsso as to ensure the achievement of identified CO.

Define ripple factor.

2 Compare half wave and Full wave rectifier based on output waveforms obtained
in laboratory.

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 Basic Elcctronics (22225)

ISpace for answers

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Basic Electronics (22225)

XX References/ Suggestions for further Readingg

S. No Title of Book/ Author Publication
Website
Applied R.S.Sedha S.Chand and Co. , New Delhi,
Electronics 2008 ISBN :978-8121927833
S.Chand and co. Ram Nagar ,New Delhi-
Basic V.K.Mchta
Electronics 110055,11" Edition,2014.ISBN
978812192405
3 Web 1.http://nptel.ac.in/courses/
2.www.electronics-tutorials.ws» Diodes
References

XXI Assessment Scheme

Performance Indicators Weightage

Process related (15 Marks) 60%
of the instrument and | 10%
Handling
components
2 Proper connection of wires for building 10%
circuit
Connect and select proper range of 20%
ammeter, voltmeter

Obse e and plot Input Output 20%

waveforms and measure Vm

Product related (10 Marks) 40%

1Interpretation ofresult 20%
2 Conclusions 10%
3 Practical related questions 10%
Total (25 Marks) 100%

Names of Student Team Members

* * * * * * * * '

***

**** ****
************''***

Marks Obtained Dated signature of

Teacher
Process Product Total
Related(15) Related(10) (25)

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