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Overcurrent Protection Relay

This document discusses testing the performance of an inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) relay for overcurrent and earth fault protection. The experiment aims to study the operation of the IDMT relay under different fault conditions. It involves simulating faults using resistor circuits and measuring the operating current and timing of the IDMT elements. The results will be used to analyze the relationship between time and plug setting multiplier (PSM) and understand the role of current transformer ratios.

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christopher ng'ang'a kamau
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113 views

Overcurrent Protection Relay

This document discusses testing the performance of an inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) relay for overcurrent and earth fault protection. The experiment aims to study the operation of the IDMT relay under different fault conditions. It involves simulating faults using resistor circuits and measuring the operating current and timing of the IDMT elements. The results will be used to analyze the relationship between time and plug setting multiplier (PSM) and understand the role of current transformer ratios.

Uploaded by

christopher ng'ang'a kamau
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OVER CURRENT AND EART-FAULT PROTECTION

Aim: To study the performance of IDMT relay


Objective: To study the protection of equipment and system by relays in
conjunction with switchgear.
Theory: IDMT relay is a protection type relay whose operating time is inversely
proportional to the magnitude of the fault current. The full form of the IDMT
Relay is Inverse Definite Minimum Time Relay. So, when the amount of fault
current is more it will operate quickly and when the amount of fault current is less
it will take a long time to operate. The IDMT relay is generally used with a circuit
breaker, so when the relay senses a fault it will send a signal to the circuit breaker
and the circuit breaker will break the circuit. The IDMT relay comes under the
category of Overcurrent Relay. In fact, most of the overcurrent relays are works on
the IDMT principle.

A COMBINED OVERCURRENT AND EARTH-FAULT PROTECTION

NOTE: The C/Ts have 1:1 ratio to avoid the necessary of using very high primary
currents.
Procedure
1. Connect the circuit as shown above. The resistor switch circuit
simulates and earth-fault on R phase.
2. Switch on and gradually increase the current until IDMT relay operate
to trip the contactor
Operating current ……………………………A
Which IDMT element operates? ……………………………
3. Repeat the experiment with the Y phase element on 75% plug setting,
the ammeter connected in Y phase on the 2A range and the earth-fault
on Y phase.
Operating current …………………………..A
Which IDMT element operates? ………………………………
4. Disconnect the earth-fault circuit and connect the 3-phase overhead
load to simulate 3-phase load and overload conditions. Reconnect the
ammeter on the 10A range, and set all the plugs at 100% carefully
increase the load until the relay operates.
Operating current ………………………A
Which relay element operate ……………………
5. Repeat with yellow phase element on 75% setting and the ammeter on
the 2A range.
Which IDMT element operates? ...............................

Questions
i. Draw a time psm graph based on the result of the experiment and use
the graph to explain the relationship between time and psm.
ii. From your own observation in this experiment, what is the role of plug
setting with respect to current in an IDMT relay?
iii. Briefly explain the role of CTs in this experiment.
iv. IDMT relay is being used in protection of a transmission line against
faults, give two examples of faults and explain how they affect the
normal working condition of a line.
v. List four features an efficient and well-designed protective relay
scheme should have.
vi. You are given a fault current of 1000A, relay settings of 100% and a
CT of 500/5.Find the PSM of an IDMT relay and finally explain your
answer.

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