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Solved Examples Solid Meachnics

The document discusses element stiffness matrices and stresses in finite element analysis. It provides the equations to calculate: 1) The element stiffness matrix K using the strain-displacement matrix B, material property matrix D, and area A. 2) The element stresses σx, σy, and τxy using the strain-displacement matrix B, material property matrix D, and nodal displacements u. 3) It then applies these equations to calculate the stresses within a plane strain element given the element geometry, material properties, and nodal displacements.

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Pritam Sah
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Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
40 views

Solved Examples Solid Meachnics

The document discusses element stiffness matrices and stresses in finite element analysis. It provides the equations to calculate: 1) The element stiffness matrix K using the strain-displacement matrix B, material property matrix D, and area A. 2) The element stresses σx, σy, and τxy using the strain-displacement matrix B, material property matrix D, and nodal displacements u. 3) It then applies these equations to calculate the stresses within a plane strain element given the element geometry, material properties, and nodal displacements.

Uploaded by

Pritam Sah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Important Expressions

1. Element stiffness matrix


𝑒 𝑇
𝐾 =𝑡 𝐵 𝐷 𝐵𝐴𝑒
𝑏𝑖 0 𝑏𝑗 0 𝑏𝑘 0
where, 𝐵 = 0 𝑐𝑖 0 𝑐𝑗 0 𝑐𝑘
𝑐𝑖 𝑏𝑖 𝑐𝑗 𝑏𝑗 𝑐𝑘 𝑏𝑘
1 𝜈 0
𝐸 𝜈 1 0
and 𝐷 = 1−𝜈 for plane stress
1 − 𝜈2
0 0
2
1−𝜈 𝜈 0
𝐸 𝜈 1−𝜈 0
𝐷 = 1 − 2𝜈 for plane strain
1 + 𝜈 1 − 2𝜈
0 0
2

2. Element Stress
𝜎𝑥
𝜎𝑦 = 𝐷 𝐵 𝑢 𝑒
𝜏𝑥𝑦

Examples
1. For a plane strain elements shown in Figure P.7, the nodal displacements are
determined as u1 = 0.005 mm, v1 = 0.002 mm, u2 = 0.00 mm, v2 = 0.00 mm, u3 = 0.005
mm and v3 = 0.00 mm. Determine the element stresses. Take E = 70 GPa and υ = 0.3,
and use unit thickness for plane strain. All coordinates are in millimeters.

Coordinates of each node and corresponding coefficients of the linear interpolation functions are
given as

x1= 10 ×10-3 y1 = 10×10-3 x2= 20×10-3 y2 = 10×10-3 x3= 10×10-3 y3 = 25×10-3

1
1
∴ 𝐴 = × 10 × 15 = 75 × 10−6 𝑚2 and ∆= 2𝐴 = 150 × 10−6 𝑚2
2

𝑥2 𝑦3 − 𝑥3 𝑦2 500 × 10−6 − 100 × 10−6 8


𝑎1 = = =
∆ 150 × 10−6 3
𝑥3 𝑦1 − 𝑥1 𝑦3 100 × 10−6 − 250 × 10−6
𝑎2 = = = −1
∆ 150 × 10−6
𝑥1 𝑦2 − 𝑥2 𝑦1 100 × 10−6 − 200 × 10−6 2
𝑎3 = = = −
∆ 150 × 10−6 3

𝑦2 − 𝑦3 10 × 10−3 − 25 × 10−3
𝑏1 = = = −100
∆ 150 × 10−6

𝑦3 − 𝑦1 25 × 10−3 − 10 × 10−3
𝑏2 = = = 100
∆ 150 × 10−6
𝑦1 − 𝑦2 10 × 10−3 − 10 × 10−3
𝑏3 = = =0
∆ 150 × 10−6

𝑥3 − 𝑥2 10 × 10−3 − 20 × 10−3 200


𝑐1 = = = −
∆ 150 × 10−6 3

𝑥1 − 𝑥3 10 × 10−3 − 10 × 10−3
𝑐2 = = =0
∆ 150 × 10−6
𝑥2 − 𝑥1 20 × 10−3 − 10 × 10−3 200
𝑐3 = = =
∆ 150 × 10−6 3

Elasticity matrix for the plain strain is given by


1−𝜈 𝜈 0
𝐸 𝜈 1−𝜈 0
𝐷 = 1 − 2𝜈
1 + 𝜈 1 − 2𝜈
0 0
2
70 × 109 0.7 0.3 0
= 0.3 0.7 0
1 + 0.3 1 − 0.6
0 0 0.2
94230.769 40384.615 0
= 40384.615 94230.769 0 × 106
0 0 26923.0769

Similarly, coefficient matrix is given by

2
𝑏1 0 𝑏2 0 𝑏3 0
𝐵 = 0 𝑐1 0 𝑐2 0 𝑐3
𝑐1 𝑏1 𝑐2 𝑏2 𝑐3 𝑏3
−100 0 100 0 0 0
200 200
0 − 0 0 0
= 3 3
200 200
− −100 0 100 0
3 3

Then stress within the element is given by

𝜎𝑥
𝑒
𝜎𝑦 = 𝐷 𝐵 𝑢
𝜏𝑥𝑦
= 94230.769 40384.615 0
40384.615 94230.769 0 × 106
0 0 26923.0769
−100 0 100 0 0 0 0.005
200 200 0.002
0 − 0 0 0 0
× 3 3 × × 10−3
200 200 0
− −100 0 100 0 0.005
3 3
0
−5.25 × 107
= −3.276 × 107 𝑃𝑎
−5.385 × 106
−52.5
= −32.76 𝑀𝑃𝑎
−5.385

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