A Project Report On

CORRUGATED BOXES
PREPPARED BY :
GHODASARA SURBHI

ACADEMIC YEAR
2022-2023

CLASS : B. B. A. 4 NDSEMESTER

SUBMITTED TO :

OM VIDHYAVASINI COLLEGE OF IT & MANAGEMENT - MORBI

( SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY)

GUIDED BY :
PROF. HITENDRA BUDDHDEV

1
S. NO. TITLE PAGE
NO
Declaration 5
Preface 6
Acknowledgment 7
1 General Information 8
1. Profile of the unit 9
2. Promotor`s Bio – Data 10
3. Location justification 11
2 Production department 12
1. Introduction 13
2. Machineries 15
3. Raw materials 21
4. Production / Manufacturing process 23
3 Marketing department 26
1. Introduction 27
2. Marketing planning 28
3. Pricing policy 29
4. Channel of distribution 30
5. Advertising 31
4 Finance Department 32
1. Introduction 33
2. Fixed capital 34
3. Balance sheet 37
4. Profitability statement 38
5. BEP Analysis 39
5 Human Resource Department 40
1. Introduction 41
2. Human resource planning 42
3. Recruitment & selection 43
4. Training & development 45
5. Wage & salary administration 46
6. Employees welfare 47
6 Project summary 48
7 Future plan 49
3
8 Bibliography 50

4
 DECLARATION

I Have undersigned SURBHI GHODASARA student of S. Y. B. B. A semester 4nd

of OMVVIM College Morbi, hereby declare that this project is my best of knowledge and
possible effort and has been created by me under the supervision and guidance of teacher.

This work has been previously submitted to any university for any examination or
any other purpose.

Date :- 20/02/2023
Place l:- Morbi
Signature :- SURBHI
 PREFACE

There is a well-known proper that "practices make a man perfect". It indicates that
without practical knowledge a man cannot be prefect in his work.

It is quite true that " The word outside your home ". Is many times different from what
you have perceived, similarly it is possible that theoretical knowledge acquired in classroom
many different from the practical knowledge.

I have prepared report of CORRUGATED BOXES. it was a great experience for me.

There I got information and knowledge about the function of this firm. I have tried my
level best to get all type of information for me to visit the firm. 1

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is my pleasure to present this report before you, which is a combination of

knowledge and hard work. In any field success demand lots of efforts, knowledge, guidance,
co-operation and sincerity.

I would like to thanks my co-operative principal Mr. DHARMENDRA SIR who has
allowed me to have a visit at. I am also greatly thankful to prof. HITENDRA BUDDHDEV for
giving proper guidance and help preparation of this report.

Date:- 20/02/2023
Place:- MORBI
Signature:- SURBHI
Project at glance / General information

8
 PROFILE OF THE UNIT

Name of the unit Creative art's corrugated boxes

Address Lila per industrial area

Type of the unit Paper packaging

Name of the product Corrugated boxes

SSI registration

Owner's name Surbhi Ghodasara

Barker's SBI Bank

 PROMOTERS BIO-DATA

Name Surbhi Ghodasara

Qualification MBA

Designation Founder

Experience 5 years
 JUSTIFICATION OF LOCATION

Location plays an important role in starting industry. Before starting any

industry entrepreneurs have to take a decision about the location of industry.
They have to select that location where all the facilities must be available. They
have to take right decision about the selection of location because once a
location selected it cannot be changed in the near future. The following should
be taken into consideration.

1. Availability of market
Market plays an important role in the selection of location. Market should
be near to the industry so; the immediate sale of product is possible. It
also help in reduction of cost by reducing storing of finished good, avoid
the cost of transportation etc.

2. Availability of labour
Without manpower no one can start his or her industry. If you have a
machine but not manpower you cannot start your industry. So, labour
should be available at cheap rate.

3. Availability of transport
It is required for assembling of raw material & distribution of finished
product. So, all type of transportation facility should be available.

4. Availability of power & water

power & water is pre -requirement of an industry. So, the facility of
power & water must be sufficiently available.

11
Production department

12
Introduction :
Corrugated box is the most popular shipping container, now -
a- days. The boxes find their number of application in the packaging of
chemical & drugs, tobacco, engineering goods, canned & bottled goods, food
products, lamps, electrical appliances, glasswares etc.

The project profile is prepared basically to give a preliminary

idea regarding various aspects of this project in a nutshell.

The various points discussed in this project profile include:

1) Market potential in terms of past trends and / or end -use pattern.

2) Estimates of requirements and cost of land, building and other civil

works.

3) Estimates of requirements of plant & machinery, know – how other

miscellaneous assets, their costs and availability etc.

4) Requirements of raw materials - indigenous and imported, their

availability and costs and other inputs such as water, fuel, power etc.

5) Manpower requirements and employment potential.

6) Estimates of administrative and factory overheads.

7) Estimates of costs of project and means of financing.

8) Estimation of cost of production and profitability analysis.

9) Estimation of break – even point etc.

13
The study establishes technical feasibility and economic viability of the
project. Ensuing sections of this report discuss various aspects of this
project.

14
MACHINAERIES :
To manufacture corrugated boxes of 5 – ply semi auto
corrugated box line 100 meters per minute with specification of maximum
width 1800mm, design speed 120m/min with stacking size W1800X L 3500 X
H 100-170 mm, with cutting & slitting precession of + 1mm. The following are
main machinery with their activity details.

1. Single facer : The single facer machine runs at the line speed of 100m/
min. using negative pressure type design helps the medium paper evenly
and closer to the surface of corrugating roll to have perfect forming and
also get even gluing on the flute tip to have perfect laminating of the single
facer. Quick change rolls in 15 minutes, while replacing the corrugated
rolls, the whole complete set of additional rolls with cassette is delivered
into the machine by the carriage and matched with the hydraulic motor to
be fixed on the base of the machine by the hydraulic system. The
corrugating rolls, pressure roll, and glue roll are adopted with the high
stability of the airbag control system, also with pneumatic control buffer
effect. Adopt glue width motorized dividing to match the paper width.
Digital readout for the gap between glue roll and doctor roll. The movable
type glue unit is convenient to clean and maintenance. Easy operation
control system. Touchscreen with a colorful drawing display operation
state, easy and simple to handle. This machine is having built – inpre –
conditioner with the proportional device for the medium moisture and
temperature adjustment.

15
2. Mill Role Stand : The structure is double rotary shafts with four arms,
supports two paper mill roll on both arms at the same time. Hydraulic
control system for paper mill, roller up-down, clamp- opening, centering or
motorized clamp open and centering. Using multipoint brake and automatic
expansion springiness chucks, reduce paper wastage was effective width
1200mm-2800mm. maximum paper roll diameter: 1500 mm maximum
support weight: 5T.Main axis: k 270 mm.

3. Pre Heater: The diameter of preheated roller: 4600 mm, 4900 mm, 41100
mm. electro motion heating angle adjustment. Adjustable range is 360
degrees. The surface of all rollers is well treated by grind and planted by
hard chrome to ensure reel paper be heated averagely. Adopt dishing seal or
plat design. Simplex, duplex, triplex or quadplex preheater according to
requirement.

16
4. Over Bridge Conveyor: Effective working width: 1600 mm- 2500 mm,
Max. working speed: 200 m/ min 250 m/ min, Max. sheet length 3000 mm,
min sheet length 500 mm, max stacking height 1400 mm. ( stacking height
not over triplicity of sheet width), automatic sheet stacking and side
delivery, simplex or duplex down stacker structure, hydraulic servo valve
control of elevator deck, ensure stable and quickly stacking, conveyor belt
keeping synchronous with production line speed, delivery paper sheet,
control elevator deck up and down, control back stop positioning clapboard
to achieve automatic order change. This machine can be cannot with
production management system to achieved order change and order
management, adopt man- machine conversation and touch display, easy
operation.

5. Glue machine (Double): The glue machine design speed: 250 m/min, glue
roller: 320 mm. Each of the glue rolls controlled by a separate transducer
motor to ensure all rolls run with the same pace also run singly, because
each roll controlled by the separate transducer, after the glue roller
renewed, also ensure the roll run with the same speed by transducer
adjustment.

17
6. Double Facer : the double facer is also like single with added advantages
like 2 air-cushion hot plate, 3 air-cushion hot plate, 4 air-cushion hot plates
and adjustable air bag press plate, spring press plate gravity roller.

18
7. Slitter and Scorer (servo) : Automatic synchronize with the corrugated
line and also get in line manufacture management system. High
compatibility, high quality PLC equipped composing the CNC system.
There are three type of scores: concave – convex (single wall), concave –
convex (double wall) and convex – flat, which can also be alternated with
electrical scoring can also be computer controlled with fine scoring results.
Thin tungsten steel alloy blade, sharp and long life of over 8 million meters.
Computer controlled auto grinding and manual grinding also applicable.
Alternative grinding the blade when slitting the board. It can increase
efficiency.

8. Single Helical Cut off : Design speed: 200m/ min -250 m/min, Effective
width: 1400 MM, cutting length: 500mm-9000mm, cutting precision: +/- 1
mm ( Running at a steady speed). Helical Knives structure with HSS knife
edge, serration type knife and scissor cutting with less shear force, to keep
the knives long life. Print and behind feeding adopt sun wheel, smooth
transportation, and uniform pressure, avoid damage paperboard. Adjustable
high precision non-gap gear to ensure cutting precision and running
balance. Knife shaft made by quality forged steel material.

19
9. Down Stacker: Gantry stacking. Changing single time is 20 seconds,
automatic counting system synchronized with the production management
system, change orders automatically with high speed. During working with
production manage control system, and then wastes paperboard less than
700mm due to change order. AC servo control movement allows stacking
smoothly and tidily.

20
RAW MATERIALS USED

1. Kraft paper
Generally a variety of substrates are used in corrugated industry for
making boxes. The most common type of paper for corrugated brown
kraft paper. The process of selection of the appropriate paper depends
upon the paper parameters and is discussed below:

a) Paper thickness: During the manufacturing of the paper, the amount

fibre deposit on the screen determines the paper thickness. It is also
called paper caliper.
b) Paper Size: Depending upon the type of paper, different paper sizes
are available. In case of corrugated boxes, required size of corrugated
blank is cut directly on the corrugated machine after the corrugation
process.
c) Basis Weight: it is the most common way of expressing paper weight.
Paper is the commodity and therefor prices are well established by the
market. They estimate cost on the basis of weight, size, thickness and
quality required by the customer.

2. Adhesive starch (Glue)

Starch based adhesive are used for joining the outer line and applied
manually or by machines.

3. Stitching wire
Stitching is used to cannot the lap and the end of the sheet of a corrugated
container with a metal wire.

4. Adhesive Tape
Adhesive tape is used in manufacturing corrugated boxes. It is
combination of a material used to bond or join objects together instead of
using fasteners, screws or welding.

21
 COSTING OF RAW MATERIALS

S. NO. Description Minimum Rate Maximum Rate

1 Kraft paper/semi-kraft 18 per kg 40 per kg (Depend
paper(100 to 230 gsm) upon the paper
quality & thickness)
2 Adhesives (starch based 28 per kg 50 per kg
corrugation glue)
3 Stitching wire 58 per kg (Based on
size)

22
MANUFACTRING PROCESS:

The boxes are made up of corrugated paperboard that is different from the rigid
paper called as cardboard. The boxes are used to hold things to protect it from
damaging and keeping it from leaking. Boxes are printed with important
information on them about what is inside or how to carry or move them. It is
carefully designed to insert, hold items in place so they won`t spill or be damaged.
Steps in box building corrugating machine is designed to do continuous process
which brings together three, five or seven sheets of paper to form single, double
or triple wall corrugated board. Strongboxes can be made from different layers
like 3 layers or 5 layers of flutes. The first work is to mix dry corn starch with
water and other chemicals and push it into the corrugators to spread on the
corrugated medium as the layers of liner are added. A box can be made by the
corrugated board on a sequence of connected machines called a corrugating line.

1. Corrugation : The corrugators are fed with reels of paper. The paper
is hardened with heat and steam which is passed between corrugating rolls.
This process gives the paper a flute shape (wavy layer) in the single facer.
The roll of paper is pulled between a pair of gear like cylinders called
corrugating rolls. This forms the paper into a series of particular waves.
Glue is applied to the tips of the flutes on one side at the right places and
the flute tips are pressed against a flat liner. This creates a corrugated board,
i.e., a continuous sheet of flat paper with fluted paper glued to it. The
corrugated board is so stiff that it cannot be rolled up; this is cut into flat
sheets as per the required size to make the boxes which has been ordered.
The corrugated board are then arranged and set aside so the glue can dry
properly and after that it is sent to the next process.

23
 2. Printing: A printing machine is used to print with bright colour ink.
Use graphic designs for self-supporting display feature like company
name, logo, product information, etc.

3. Die-cutting: Die cutting is used to cut or punch out the size and shape
of corrugated paper desired.

4. Stitching: Stitching is used to connect the lap and the end the end of
the sheet of a corrugated container with a metal wire.

5. Gluing: Gluing is like stitching but resign adhesive is sued instead of

metal wire. Finally the packed or bundled boxes are ready for dispatch.

Regular slotted container

Box Blank Showing Score Lines, Slots, and Manufacturer`s Joint

The process flow chart for manufacturing corrugated paper board boxes is given
below:

24
 Process Flow Chart for Manufacturing of Corrugated Paper
Boxes

RAW MATERIALS

PAPER ROLL GLUE

CORRUGATION MACHINE

CORRUGATION BOARD

SLITTER MACHINE

FLEXO PRINT &SLOTTER DIE CUTTING

MANUAL SLOTTING

GUM PASTING &

STITCHING
MANUAL PRINT

BANDING & FINISHED CARTON

25
MARKETING DEPARTMENT

26
INTRODUCTION:
Main objective of any business organization is satisfy the needs and wants of
the society, production or purchase is of no meaning if a firm is unable to
market its goods and services, marketing is the focal point of all business
activities, marketing is an organizations engage in a vast numbers of activities
that could be called marketing.
Good marketing has become an increasingly vital ingredient for business
success, it is embedded in everything we do-from the clothes we wear, to the
web sites we click on, and to the ads we see.

Marketing Defined
The term marketing has been derived from the word market
Market is a place or geographical area where buyers and sellers meet and enter
into transaction involving transfer of ownership of goods and services or market
is a place where goods and services are exchanged or market is a place where
goods are displayed and sold or market is a place where services are available to
be rendered.

Traditional view
Performance of business activities that direct the flow of goods and services
from producers to consumers or user.

27
MARKET PLANNING
Over the last few decades, more individual have been starting a journey as a
small business entrepreneur.
Unfortunately, many fail or reflect on their marketing strategy and plan. Like
other things in project, marketing the organization is an essential decision that
starts with a plan every time. In order to get noticed in the market with a unique
and consistent promotional strategy, becoming knowledgeable about market
planning and its facets is crucial.

Stages of market planning

The first stages of market planning involves sales projections and evaluation of
past promotional activities to assess their effectiveness. The process of
analyzing a product enables a company to identify which areas of the plan
should carry a heavier focus or which areas should be adjusted. The analysis not
only involves evaluating the company`s competitive position in its respective
market but also considering how to implement new strategies for its business
goals.
The second stage is to organize marketing objective and strategies. It is crucial
here to establish the relationships between the proposed activities so the plan
can be carried out efficiently.

28
PRICING POLICY
Price is the amount charged for the product or service including any warranties
or guarantees, delivery, discounts, services or other items that are paid of the
condition of sale are not paid for g6separately. To the byer is a package or
expectations and satisfactions.

Pricing is an important decision that every company has to take high price or
low price may create a bad reputation of company. The price of a products is a
crucial decision.

In over company, pricing policy is COST + PROFIT. Whatever expense have

incurred during the create of application and software is considered + profit is
include. Competitors price is considered, their price are higher than their
competitors.

29
CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION

A distribution channel represents a chain of businesses or intermediaries

through which the final buyer purchases a good or service. Distribution
channels include wholesalers, retailers, distributors, and the internet. In a direct
distributors channel, the manufacturer sells directly to the consumer.

30
ADVERTISING
Different companies handle advertising in f5different ways. In small and
medium-sized companies, it can be done by the sales or marketing department
while large organizations might set up an advertising department. In both, it`s
important to have advertising strategy to help them in the creation and
communication of the commercials. Advertising refers to any paid form of non-
personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods or services by an identified
sponsor ( Kotler & Armstrong,2009). An advertising strategy is a plan to reach
and persuade a customer to buy a product or a service.

DEVELOPING AN ADVERTISING STRATEGY

1. Setting advertising objectives
Advertising objective refers to a specific communication to be
accomplished within a specific target during a specific period.
Advertising objectives can be classified on the basis of primary function-
inform, persuade or remind (Kotler& Armstrong,2009)

2. Information advertising
It`s used to inform consumers about a new product or features and to
build primary demand. Its aimed at informing the market of price
changes, correcting false impression, describing available services or
brand, building a brand and company image, communicating customer
value, telling the market about new product and suggesting new uses for a
product. For example, GOTV advert that explains who to use the decoder.

Advertising is any communication, usually paid-for, specifically intended to

inform and/or influence one or more people.

31
FINANCIAL DEPAETMENT

32
INTRODUTION
Finance plays a very important role in any type of the firm. From the initial
stage awards money is needed for information registration of the firms, listing
of the firm finance is needed for making necessary documents. “ FINANCE IS
THE LUBRICANT WHICH RUNS THE ENTIRE ORGANISATION.”

Finance consists of procuring funds, managing and utilizing them efficiently in

order to maximize the profit, which is ultimate goal of any organization.

Financial management is related not only to fund rising but encompasses the
wider perspective of managing the finances for the company efficiently. Hence
financial management is nothing but managerial decision making on asset mix,
capital mix and profit allocation. The financial management is neither a pure
science, nor an art. It deals with various methods and techniques which can be
adopted depending on the situation.

33
 FIXED CAPITAL
I) Land and building

S.NO. Description Qty Rent per month Rent per annum

(in. Rs.) (in. Rs.)
1. Land and Building on monthly 500 Sq. 1,50,000 18,00,000
rental basis Mtrs

II) Machinery and Equipment

S.NO. Description of Machinery and Qty. (Nos.) Rate Value in Rs.
equipment (in Rs.)
I. Corrugated Card Board line

1 Vacuum single facer machine 1

2 Hydraulic shaft less mill role stand 1

3 Per Heater 1

4 Over Bridge Conveyor 1

5 Triple Pre Heater 1

6 Gluing Machine 1
15,00,000 15,00,000
7 Double Facer with driving part. 1
8 NC Helical Cutting Machine: 1
9 Online Slitter and Scorer (Electric 1
and Scorer Adjusting)
10 Corrugated Card Board Down 1
Stacker
11 Glue Making system 1
12 Electric Control Panel system 1
II. High Speed Lead Edge 3 Colour 1 75,00,000 75,00,000
Printer Slotter Die Cutter Stacker
Design.
Speed of 150 sheets/min

34
III. Electrically Operated Crane 1 8,00,000 8,00,000
Capacity: 5MT
IV. Welding Machine: 1 30,000 30,000

V. Tools, jigs and Fixtures LS 20,000 20,000

VI. Material Handling Equipment LS 10,000 10,000

VII. Bench Grinding Machine 1 10,000 10,000

VIII. Transformer 315 KVA 1 4,00,000 4,00,000

IX. DG Set 150 KVA 1 5,00,000 5,00,000

X. Weighing Machine of 2MT 1 15,000 15,000

capacity
XI. Fire Fighting Equipment LS 10,000 10,000

XII. Fright charges @2% 5,00,000

XIII. Taxes@5% 12,15,000

TOTAL 2,60,10,000

SAY 2,60,00,000

III) Electrical Installation, Erection and Commissioning

S.NO. Description Qty Rate Value in Rs.

1. Erection of civil works LS 10,00,000 10,00,000
2. Installation of machinery and LS 25,00,000 25,00,000
electrification, erection of
transformer etc. (10% of
machinery)
TOTAL 35,00,000

35
 IV) Other Fixed Assets

S.NO. Description Qty Rate Value in Rs.

1. Working Tables and stools LS 1,00,000 1,00,000
2. Office furniture and other LS 2,00,000 2,00,000
equipment
3. Computers and printers LS 50,000 7,50,000
TOTAL 10,50,000

36
 PROJECT BALANCE SHEET

S.NO. PARTICULARS Const. 1 ST 2 ND 3 RD

period YEAR YEAR YEAR
A. Liabilities
Share capital 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75
Depreciation 0.00 0.30 0.267
Reserves & surplus 0.00 0.00 0.000
Profit & loss 0.60 1.127 2.693
Term loans 2.35 2.35 2.140 1.640
Current liabilities 0.00 0.000 0.000
Bank borrowings for W.C. 0.00 14.86 14.86 16.341
TOTAL 8.10 23.56 24.177 26.691

B. Assets
Gross Block (Assets) 3.155 3.215 3.215 3.215

Less: Depreciation 0.00 0.30 0.567

Net Block (Assets) 3.155 3.215 2.915 2.648

P&P Exp. Deposits 0.06

Current Assets Gross 19.81 19.81 21.791

Cash & Bank Bal. 4.885 0.535 1.452 2.252

TOTAL 8.10 23.56 24.177 26.691

Current Ratio 1.33 1.431 1.471

37
 PROJECT PROFITABILITY STATEMENT

S.NO PARTICULARS 1 ST YEAR 2 SD YEAR 3 RD YEAR

A. SALES
Gross Sale 61.56 77.11 90.07
Total (A) 61.56 77.11 90.07

B. COST OF SALES
Raw material consumed 36.00 43.20 50.40
Electricity expenses 5.27 6.33 7.38
Repair & maintenance - 0.77 0.90
Labour & Wages 7.78 8.55 9.41
Depreciation 2.37 2.04 1.74
Consumables and Other Expenses 1.23 1.54 1.80
Cost of Production 52.65 62.44 71.63

Add: opening stock/WIP - 2.92 3.50

Less: closing stock/WIP 2.92 3.50 4.08

Cost of Sales (B) 49.74 61.85 71.05

C. GROSS PROFIT(A-B) 11.82 15.26 19.02

19% 20% 21%
D. Bank Interest (Term Loan) 1.29 1.56 1.13
Bank Interest (C.C. Limit) 0.74 0.74 0.74
E. Salary to Staff 4.22 4.65 5.11
F. Selling & Adm Expenses Exp. 2.46 3.08 3.60
TOTAL (D+E) 8.72 10.03 10.58

H. NET PROFIT 3.11 5.23 8.44

38
I. Taxation - 0.52 1.69

J. PROFIT (After Tax) 3.11 4.71 6.75

BREAK EVEN POINT(B.E.P)

Raw Materials 173.57
Power fuel 0.675
Wages 1.122
Interest on Bank Borrowings 2.74
Repair and Maintenance 0.045
Total Variable Costs 178.152
Fixed Costs
Managerial remuneration 1.984
Int. Term Loan 0.14
Depreciation 0.213
Other administrative expenses 0.405
Total Fixed Costs 2.742

Contribution= sales- variable cost=184.50-178.152=6.348

Contribution =6.348

Breakeven: fixed cost X100 = 2.742 =43.19%

Contribution 6.348

39
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT

40
INTRODUTION

Human resource management was originally known as personnel management.

In the past, its role was quite limited. Within any company or organization, HRM
is a formal way of managing people. It is a fundamental part of any organization
and its management.

The main responsibilities of the personnel department include hiring, evaluating,

training, and compensation of employees. The human resources department deals
with any issues facing the staff in their working capacity within an organization.
HR is concerned with specific work practices and how they affect the
organization`s performance.

Today, Human Resources Management deals with:

⁕ Anything related to managing people within a company or organization. This
means decision, strategies, principles, operations, practices, functions, activities,
and the methods used to manage employees.

⁕ The type of relationships people have in their places of employment and

anything that affects those relationships in a positive or negative way.

⁕ Ensuring that employees are satisfied with the conditions of their employment.
This leads to better services and production of goods and helps the company`s
success.

41
HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING

Human resource planning is the process of forecasting of the future human

resource requirements of the organization and determining as to how the existing
human resource capacity of the organization can be utilized to fulfill these
requirements.

Five planning steps every organization should use

‣ Analysis of organizational plan and objectives.
‣ Preparing a human resources inventory.
‣ Assessing future supply and demand.
‣ Matching supply and demand
‣ Establishing an action plan.

For example, a human resources strategic plan may include long-term aims to
recruit and retain an excellent staff with a high-level of technical expertise. The
tactical plan would include detailed action plans with completion due dates.

42
RECRUITMENT

Recruitment is the process of finding candidates for the vacant position and
encouraging them to apply for it.
Selection means choosing the best candidate from the pool of applicants and
offering them the job.
Recruitment is a positive process aimed at attracting more and more job seekers
to apply.
“Recruitment is the process of identifying various sources of recruitment persons
in the organization. It is the process of searching and encouraging them to apply
for jobs in organization.” Recruitment has been regarded as the important
function of this department.

In over company recruitment is done mainly through two sources.

1. Internal sources
• Through employees
• Notice exhibited at the company gate

2. External sources
• Contractors
• Employment exchanges

43
SELECTION

After identifying the sources of human resource, searching for prospective

employees. And stimulation helps to apply for jobs in an organization, the
management has to. Perform the function of selecting the right man at right job
at the right time. Selection means the procedure of selection of term of the best
person and all with required qualification.

In over company is doing the selection employees as follows:

❖ Personal Data
❖ Education Qualification
❖ Experience
❖ Reference

44
TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT

Every organization needs to have well trained and experienced people to perform
the activities that have to be done. Training is a process of learning a sequence of
programmed behavior. It is application of knowledge. It gives people an
awareness of the rules and procedures to guide their behavior.

In short training is a way by which unit tell new employees that our rule and
regulation is these and you should work according these rules and regulation.

Training and development is used as a means of providing employees with the

skill and knowledge to do their jobs well. It must be provided to all employees.
In addition to providing training for new or inexperienced employees,
organizations often provide training for experienced employees as well. This may
be because their jobs are undergoing change or the company needs them to work
more effectively. Development programs are also done to equip employees can
handle the stresses of their jobs and perform well.

45
WAGE AND SALARY ADMIMISTRATION

Wage and salary administration is collection of practices and procedures used for
planning and distributing company-wide compensation programs for employees.
These practices include employees at all levels and are usually handled by the
accounting department of a company.

Wage and salary administration can be defined as the establishment and

implementation of sound policies of employee compensation.

It covers the following areas

Job evaluation
Survey of wage and salaries
Development of wage structure (contd.)

Wage are the economic compensation paid to the worker for services derived by
them. It can be divided into two types:
➢ Place wage
➢ Time wage

46
EMPLOYEE WELFER

Now a day, most of the firms provide the provident fund scheme or other facilities
to their workers. It is important it is one kind of security of a worker.

Employee welfare means anything done for the comfort and improvement of the
employees, over and above the wages paid.

In simple words, it means “the efforts to make life worth living for workmen.” It
includes various services, facilities and amenities provided to employees for their
betterment.

According to ILO, “employee welfare should be understood as such service,

facilities and amenities which may be established in or in the vicinity of
undertaking to enable the person employed in them to perform their work in
healthy and peaceful surrounding and to avail of facilities which improve their
health and bring high morale.”

47
PROJECT SUMMARY

Success line in the constancy of purpose. From the very beginning it has followed
the above punch lines. No doubt it is a small-scale unit, but from the viewpoint
of production. Marketing, profits, services, etc. this unit will prove to be a
successful unit. It is truly said that “knowledge & motivation coupled with
sustained efforts is the recipe of success.” In any field, success demands lots if
efforts, knowledge, guidance, and the most important thing motivation.

India is developing country and it has adopted free economy. So, it should an
opportunity for very domestic unit to upgrade its technology and other process in
other to stand in modern market.

The market of corrugated boxes will expand its demand for the product day by
day because of technological changes. The return in business is also satisfactory.

In the project report on THE CORRUGATED BOXES, I have discussed all

financial data and other relevant information.

With the expectation of the high profitability and good market, it is assumed that
it would be the perfect product to be manufactured in today`s environment. At
last, it can be said that the future of this product is very bright.

In short, innovative decision making, goal setting, drive & dynamism sums up
the achievement of fashion footwear where all seven “s” of management viz.
“system”, “strategy”, “structure”, “service”, “staff”, “skill”, & “style” are blended
into a new stature.

48
FUTURE PLAN

Every unit`s airs at its growth and development in future at the time of
establishment. The future development of any unit shoes its success in the market.
Future development may be getting through the increasing installed capacity or
utilizing the existing resources of the unit to the full extend. Future planning is
very important in any type of business. By future planning business unit can make
more new plans and new products.

Future of THE CORRUGATED BOXES are as follows.

❖ To create and attract new customer and to maintain the old customer.
❖ To maintain customer satisfaction.
❖ Industry wants to expand business in international market.
❖ To produce different type of products or something new in the market.
❖ Increase production capacity.

49
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1 Marketing Management Philip Kotler

2 Personal Management C.B. Memoria
3 Production Management S.C. Sharma

50
THANK YOU