Modern Physics-

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1
1. A small particle of mass m moves in such a way that the potential energy U = mb2r2, where b is a
2
constant and r is the distance of the particle from the origin (Nucleus). Assuming Bohr model of
quantization of angular momentum and circular orbits, show that radius of the nth allowed orbit is
proportional to n .

 ke2
2. Suppose the potential energy between electron & proton at a distance r is given by . Use Bohr’s
3r 3
theory to obtain energy levels of such a hypothetical hydrogen atom.
3. In a transition to a state of excitation energy 10.19 eV a hydrogen atom emits a 4890 Aº photon.
Determine the binding energy of the initial state. Also find the nature of transition?
4. Suppose in certain conditions only those transitions are allowed to hydrogen atoms in which the
principal quantum number n change by 2 (i) Find the smallest wavelength emitted by hydrogen
(ii) List the wavelengths emitted by hydrogen in the visible range (380 nm to 780 nm)
5. Find the velocity of photoelectrons liberated by electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 
 = 18.0 nm from stationary He+ ions in the ground state.
6. (I) Find the maximum wavelength  of light which can ionize a H-atom in ground state.
(II) Light of wavelength  is incident on a H-atom which is in its first excited state. Find the kinetic
energy of the electron coming out.
7. A beam of monochromatic light of wavelength  ejects photoelectrons from a cesium surface ( = 1.9 eV)
These photoelectrons are made to collide with hydrogen atoms in ground state .Find the maximum value of
 for which (a) hydrogen atoms may be ionised (b) hydrogen atoms may get excited from the ground state to
the first excited state and (c) the excited hydrogen atoms may emit visible light.
8. Hydrogen atom in its ground state is excited by means of monochromatic radiation of wave length
975Aº. How many different lines are possible in the resulting spectrum? Calculate the longest
wavelength among them. You may assume the ionization energy of hydrogen atom as 13.6 eV.
9. Average life time of a hydrogen atom excited to n = 2 state is 10– 8 s. Find the number of revolutions
made by the electrons on the average before it jumps to ground state.
10. In a hydrogen like ionized atom a single electron is orbiting around a stationary positive charge. If a
spectral line of  equal to 4861Å is observed due to transition from n = 12 to n = 6. What is the
wavelength of a spectral line due to transition from n = 9 to n = 6 and also identify the element.
11. For atoms of light and heavy hydrogen (H and D) find the difference;
(a) between the binding energies of their electrons in the ground state.
(b) between the wavelengths of first lines of the Lyman series.
12. An electron in the ground state of hydrogen atoms is revolving in anti clock wise direction in a circular
orbit of radius R. [JEE 1996, 5]

(i) Obtain an expression for the orbital magnetic dipole moment of the electron.
(ii) The atom is placed in a uniform magnetic induction, such that the plane normal to the electron orbit
make an angle of 30º with the magnetic induction. Find the torque experienced by the orbiting electron.
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Modern Physics-
13. A proton and an electron, both at rest initially, combine to form a hydrogen atom in ground state. A
single photon is emitted in this process. What is the wavelength ?
14. A neutron of kinetic energy 65 eV collides inelastically with a singly ionized helium atom at rest. It is
scattered at an angle of 90º with respect of its original direction. [JEE 1993; 9 + 1M]
(a) Find the allowed values of the energy of the neutron and that of the atom after the collision.
(b) If the atom gets de-excited subsequently by emitting radiation, find the frequencies of the emitted
radiation. [Given : Mass of He atom = 4 × (mass of neutrons Ionization energy of H atom = 13.6 eV]
r
15. Suppose the potential energy between electron and proton at a distance r is given by U = ke n ,
a
where r < a and k, e, a are positive constants. Use Bohr’s theory to obtain the energy of nth energy
level for such an atom.

16. A positronium consists of an electron and a positron revolving about their common centre of mass.
Derive and calculate
(i) Separation between the electron and positron in their first excited state.
(ii) Kinetic energy of the electron in ground state.

17. In a photo electric effect set  up, a point source of light of power 3.2  103 W emits mono energetic
photons of energy 5.0 eV. The source is located at a distance of 0.8 m from the centre of a stationary
metallic sphere of work function 3.0 eV & of radius 8.0 x 103m. The efficiency of photo electrons
emission is one for every 106 incident photons. Assume that the sphere is isolated and initially neutral,
and that photo electrons are instantly swept away after emission. [JEE 1995, 10]
(a) Calculate the number of photo electrons emitted per second.
(b) Find the ratio of the wavelength of incident light to the De  Broglie wave length of the fastest photo
electrons emitted.
(c) It is observed that the photo electron emission stops at a certain time t after the light source is
switched on. Why?
(d) Evaluate the time t.

18. The K x-ray of argon has a wavelength of 0.36 nm . The minimum energy required to take out the
outermost electron from argon atom is 16.53 eV. Find the energy (in KeV) needed to knock out an
electrons from the K shell of an argon.

19. A schwarzschild black hole is characterized by its mass M and a mathematical spherical surface of
2GM
radius Rs = called the event horizon. If the radial distance of an object r from the black hole is
C2
such that r < Rs, then the object is “swallowed” by the black hole and r rapidly decreased to the singular
point r = 0 [Olympiad_2015]
(a) Suppose a black hole of mass M “captures” a proton to form a “black hole proton atom (BHP)” in
circular orbit. Find the smallest radius rB of this atom.
(b) Obtain a numerical upper bound on M such that a stable BHP may exist.
(c) Find the minimum energy Fmin, in Mev, reuired to dissociate this BHP atom from the ground state.
(d) In 1974, Stephen Hawking showed that quantum effects cause black to radiate like a black body
1023 K
with temperature TBH = . Discuss then the possibility of the existence of a stable BHP atom.
M

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Modern Physics-

6
 nh  1 13.6
2. E=   3. =0.85eV(n = 4 to n= 2)
 2   6 (Ke 2 2
) m3 (4)2

9 16 2  109 hc 
4. (a) = 103 nm (b) = 487 nm 5. .  54.4 e  = 2.2 × 10 6 m/s
8R 3R me  18 
6. (I) 913Å, (II) 10.2 eV
hc hc hc
7. (a) = = 80 nm;(b)  = = 102 nm ; (c) = 89 nm
(13.6  1.9) eV (10.2  1.9) eV (12.08  1.9) eV
16  9 2.19  106 (1)2
8. 6, min  = 18800 Aº, 9. 10–8 × 10
 3 = 8.2 × 106
7R 2(0.529  10 ) (2)
10. 6563 Å, Z = 3 11. ED  EH = 3.7 meV, H  D = 33 pm
he he B
12. (i) (ii) 13. 912 Å
4 m 8m
14. (a) 6.36 eV, 0.312 eV (of neutron), 17.84 eV, 16.328 eV (of atom)
(b) 1.82 × 1015 Hz, 11.67 × 1015 Hz, 9.84 × 1015 Hz.
1   nh 
ke  1  2ln  
 2 kema2  
15.
2 
   
2
2h2 40 1  e2  
16. (i) r0 =  2 = 4.23 Å (ii) m   J = 3.4 eV
m  40h 
2
e 2

1000  hc 
17. (a) 105 s1 (b) 286.18 (d) sec = 111s 18.  9
 16.53 eV = 4 KeV
9  0.36  10 e 

h2
19. (a) rB = (b) M < 2 ×1011 Kg. (c) Emin. = 55MeV
GMm2
1023 K
(d) For M = 1011 Kg. TBH = = 1012K At this temperature thermal energies kTBH = 82 MeV. The
1011
dissociation energy required is 55 MeV. Thus the BHP is thermally unstable.

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