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UGC NET Commerce Syllabus

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201 views

UGC NET Commerce Syllabus

Uploaded by

kumar Harsh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UGC NET Commerce Syllabus [Latest]

Check the UGC NET syllabus for Commerce below:

Unit 1: Business Environment and International Business

o Concepts and elements of business environment: Economic environment- Economic


systems, Economic policies(Monetary and fiscal policies); Political environment role of
government in business; Legal environment- Consumer Protection Act, FEMA; Socio-
cultural factors and their influence on business; Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
o Scope and importance of international business; Globalization and its drivers; Modes of
entry into international business
o Theories of international trade; Government intervention in international trade; Tariff and
non-tariff barriers; India’s foreign trade policy
o Foreign direct investment (FDI) and Foreign portfolio investment (FPI); Types of FDI,
Costs, and benefits of FDI to home and host countries; Trends in FDI; India’s FDI policy
Balance of payments (BOP): Importance and components of BOP
o Regional Economic Integration: Levels of Regional Economic Integration; Trade creation
and diversion effects; Regional Trade Agreements: European Union (EU), ASEAN,
SAARC, NAFTA
o International Economic Institutions: IMF, World Bank, UNCTAD
o World Trade Organisation (WTO): Functions and objectives of WTO; Agriculture
Agreement; GATS; TRIPS; TRIMS

Unit 2: Accounting and Auditing

o Basic accounting principles; concepts and postulates


o Partnership Accounts: Admission, Retirement, Death, Dissolution, and Insolvency of
partnership firms
o Corporate Accounting: Issue, forfeiture, and reissue of shares; Liquidation of companies;
Acquisition, merger, amalgamation, and reconstruction of companies Holding company
accounts
o Cost and Management Accounting: Marginal costing and Break-even analysis; Standard
costing; Budgetary control; Process costing; Activity Based Costing (ABC); Costing for
decision-making; Life cycle costing, Target costing, Kaizen costing, and JIT
o Financial Statements Analysis: Ratio analysis; Funds flow Analysis; Cash flow analysis
Human Resources Accounting; Inflation Accounting; Environmental Accounting
o Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS
o Auditing: Independent financial audit; Vouching; Verification ad valuation of assets and
liabilities; Audit of financial statements and audit report; Cost audit
o Recent Trends in Auditing: Management audit; Energy audit; Environment audit;
Systems audit; Safety audit
Unit 3: Business Economics

o Meaning and scope of business economics


o Objectives of business firms
o Demand analysis: Law of demand; Elasticity of demand and its measurement;
Relationship between AR and MR
o Consumer behavior: Utility analysis; Indifference curve analysis
o Law of Variable Proportions: Law of Returns to Scale
o Theory of cost: Short-run and long-run cost curves
o Price determination under different market forms: Perfect competition; Monopolistic
competition; Oligopoly- Price leadership model; Monopoly; Price discrimination
o Pricing strategies: Price skimming; Price penetration; Peak-load pricing

Unit 4: Business Finance

o Scope and sources of finance; Lease financing


o Cost of capital and time value of money
o Capital structure
o Capital budgeting decisions: Conventional and scientific techniques of capital budgeting
analysis
o Working capital management; Dividend decision: Theories and policies
o Risk and return analysis; Asset securitization
o International monetary system
o Foreign exchange market; Exchange rate risk and hedging techniques
o International financial markets and instruments: Euro currency; GDRs; ADRs
International arbitrage; Multinational capital budgeting

Unit 5: Business Statistics and Research Methods

o Measures of central tendency


o Measures of dispersion
o Measures of skewness
o Correlation and regression of two variables
o Probability: Approaches to probability; Bayes’ theorem
o Probability distributions: Binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions
o Research: Concept and types; Research designs
o Data: Collection and classification of data
o Sampling and estimation: Concepts; Methods of sampling - probability and
nonprobability methods; Sampling distribution; Central limit theorem; Standard error;
Statistical estimation
o Hypothesis testing: z-test; t-test; ANOVA; Chi-square test; Mann-Whitney test (Utest);
Kruskal-Wallis test (H-test); Rank correlation test
o Report writing
Unit 6: Business Management and Human Resource Management

o Principles and functions of management


o Organization structure: Formal and informal organizations; Span of control
o Responsibility and authority: Delegation of authority and decentralization
o Motivation and leadership: Concept and theories
o Corporate governance and business ethics
o Human resource management: Concept, role, and functions of HRM; Human resource
planning; Recruitment and selection; Training and development; Succession planning
o Compensation management: Job evaluation; Incentives and fringe benefits
o Performance appraisal including 360-degree performance appraisal
o Collective bargaining and workers’ participation in management
o Personality: Perception; Attitudes; Emotions; Group dynamics; Power and politics;
o Conflict and negotiation; Stress management
o Organizational Culture: Organizational development and organizational change

Unit 7: Banking and Financial Institutions

o Overview of the Indian financial system


o Types of banks: Commercial banks; Regional Rural Banks (RRBs); Foreign banks;
Cooperative banks
o Reserve Bank of India: Functions; Role and monetary policy management
o Banking sector reforms in India: Basel norms; Risk management; NPA management
o Financial markets: Money market; Capital market; Government securities market
o Financial Institutions: Development Finance Institutions (DFIs); Non-Banking
o Financial Companies (NBFCs); Mutual Funds; Pension Funds
o Financial Regulators in India
o Financial sector reforms including financial inclusion
o Digitization of banking and other financial services: Internet banking; mobile banking;
Digital payments systems
o Insurance: Types of insurance- Life and Non-life insurance; Risk classification and
management; Factors limiting the insurability of risk; Re-insurance; Regulatory the
framework of insurance- IRDA and its role

Unit 8: Marketing Management

o Marketing: Concept and approaches; Marketing channels; Marketing mix; Strategic


marketing planning; Market segmentation, targeting, and positioning
o Product decisions: Concept; Product line; Product mix decisions; Product life cycle;
o New product development
o Pricing decisions: Factors affecting price determination; Pricing policies and Strategies
o Promotion decisions Role of promotion in marketing;
o Promotion methods - Advertising;
o Personal selling; Publicity; Sales promotion tools and techniques; Promotion mix
o Distribution decisions: Channels of distribution; Channel management
o Consumer Behaviour; Consumer buying process; factors influencing consumer buying
decisions
o Service marketing
o Trends in marketing: Social marketing; Online marketing; Green marketing; Direct
marketing; Rural marketing; CRM
o Logistics management

Unit 9: Legal Aspects of Business

o Indian Contract Act, 1872: Elements of a valid contract; Capacity of parties; Free consent;
Discharge of a contract; Breach of contract and remedies against breach;
o Quasi-contracts;
o Special contracts: Contracts of indemnity and guarantee; contracts of bailment and pledge;
Contracts of agency
o Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Sale and agreement to sell; Doctrine of Caveat Emptor;
o Rights of unpaid seller and rights of the buyer
o Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881: Types of negotiable instruments; Negotiation and
assignment; Dishonour and discharge of negotiable instruments
o The Companies Act, 2013: Nature and kinds of companies; Company formation;
o Management, meetings, and winding up of a joint-stock company
o Limited Liability Partnership: Structure and procedure of formation of LLP in India
o The Competition Act, 2002: Objectives and main provisions
o The Information Technology Act, 2000: Objectives and main provisions; Cyber crimes
and penalties
o The RTI Act, 2005: Objectives and main provisions
o Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs): Patents, trademarks, and copyrights; Emerging issues
in intellectual property
o Goods and Services Tax (GST): Objectives and main provisions; Benefits of GST;
o Implementation mechanism; Working of dual GST

Unit 10: Income-tax and Corporate Tax Planning

o Income-tax: Basic concepts; Residential status and tax incidence; Exempted incomes;
Agricultural income; Computation of taxable income under various heads; Deductions
from Gross total income; Assessment of Individuals; Clubbing of incomes
o International Taxation: Double taxation and its avoidance mechanism; Transfer Pricing
o Corporate Tax Planning: Concepts and significance of corporate tax planning; Tax
avoidance versus tax evasion; Techniques of corporate tax planning; Tax considerations
in specific business situations: Make or buy decisions; Own or lease an asset; Retain;
Renewal or replacement of asset; Shut down or continue operations

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