MATHEMATICS 10 Quarter 2 Week 9

NAME: __________________________________ YR & SEC: ____________________

Competency:
The learner graphs and solves problems involving circles and other geometric figures on the
coordinate plane.

To the Learners:
Before starting this module, you must follow the instructions below:

1. Read and follow the directions for each given activity.

2. Be honest in answering the pre-test and post-test questions and other provided activities.
Then, ask assistance from your parents or guardians in evaluating your answers.

3. Write legibly your answers in every activity on a separate sheet of paper.

4. Copy important concepts in a separate sheet of paper.

5. Enjoy this learning experience!

Expectations

This module is developed to help you master on graphing and solving problems involving
circles and other geometric figures on a coordinate plane. It provides different examples of problem-
solving that are solved using a step-by-step process. Also included are important concepts to
refresh your previous knowledge related to circles.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. enumerate the steps in graphing and solving problems involving circles and other
geometric figures on a coordinate plane;

2. graph circle and other geometric figures on a coordinate plane and;

3. solve problems involving circles and other geometric figures.

Pre-test

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 1

 1. What are the coordinates of the center
and radius of the circle in the given graph?

A. C(0, 0); r = 10
B. C(–8,10); r = 2
C. C(6, –2); r = 8
D. C(10, –10); r = 0
2. What is the equation of the circle at the right?
A. x2 + y2 = 81
B. x2 + y2 = 100
C. x2 + y2 = 144
D. x2 + y2 = 169

3. Determine the equation, in standard form,

that represents the circle whose center is at
C(2, –2), and passes through the point P(2, 3).
A. (x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4
B. (x + 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 9
C. (x – 5)2 + (y + 2)2 = 16
D. (x – 2)2 + (y + 2)2 = 25
4. The Provincial Disaster and Risk Reduction Management Committee (PDRRMC) of the
Province of Batangas advised their residents living within the 8– km radius critical area to
evacuate due to eminent eruption of Taal Volcano. On the map that is drawn on a coordinate
plane, the coordinates corresponding to the location of the volcano is (4, 5). Which
coordinates are within the critical area?
A. (12, 1) B. (–2, –2) C. (8, –3) D. (9, 10)
5. The coordinates of the endpoints of a central angle of a circle are (-5, 2) and (-2, 11). When
two endpoints are connected it forms an isosceles triangle. If the radius of the circle is 5
units, what is the perimeter of the triangle?

A. 14  10 B. 12  2 10 C. 10  3 10 D. 8  4 10

Looking Back at your Lesson

The illustration below shows the different terms and definitions and equations related to circle.

The center - radius form or standard

form of an equation of a circle with
center (h, k) and a radius r.

Coordinate Plane Center of a

– a plane that is circle – the point
divided into four inside a circle that
regions by a is of the same
The general form of an
horizontal line, distance to any
equation of a circle.
called the x–axis, point on the
and a vertical line, circle.
called the y–axis.
Circle – is a set of Radius – a line
points on a plane segment whose
that are endpoints are the
equidistant from2 WEEK 9 center of a circle
MATH 10 QUARTER 2
the fixed point, and a point on
called center. the circle.
 The general form of an equation of
a circle.

From your previous lesson, you also have learned how to determine the center and radius of
a circle given its equation and vice versa.

Example 1: What is the center and radius of the circle (x – 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 49.
Solution:
Note that the center of the circle is at (h, k). Rewrite the equation in the form (x
– h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 to determine its center and radius.
(x – 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 49 (x – 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 72
The center of the circle is (3, –2) and its radius is 7 units.
Example 2: What is the equation of the circle in standard form whose center is at (4, 5) and
whose radius is 6 units?
Solution: Given; (h, k) = (4, 5) ; r = 5
Substitute the values of h, k, and r in (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
(x – 4)2 + (y – 5)2 = 62 (x – 4)2 + (y – 5)2 = 36
The equation of the circle in standard form is (x – 4)2 + (y – 5)2 = 25.

Introduction of the Topic

Lesson 1: Graph and Solve Problems Involving Circles and Other

Geometric Figures
To graph circles on a coordinate plane, rewrite a given equation in standard form to
determine its center and radius of the circle. Use this to draw its graph.
Example 1: On a coordinate plane, graph the circle represented by the equation x 2 + y2 =
16.
Solution:
(x – 0)2 + (y – 0)2 = 42  Rewrite the given equation in the
form (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.

Center (0, 0)  Determine the center and the

radius of the circle.
radius = 4 units

 Locate the coordinates of the center

of the circle on the coordinate plane
which will serve as the first point.
From the center, construct a line
segment, either to the right, to the
left, above or below the center,
equal to the given measure of the
radius to get another point, which
is a point on the circle.

MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 3

  Use the two given points to draw the
circle by using a compass or a string. See
the illustration on the left.

 Label the graph with the given equation of

the circle.

Another way of graphing the given equation of the circle, if you don’t have these materials.

 From the center, count out r units

(the radius), in four different
directions (right, left, up, and down)
to create four points.

 Connect the points with the best

curve that you can to sketch the
circle.

 Label the graph with the given

equation of the circle.

Example 2: On a coordinate plane, graph the circle represented by the

equation (x + 2)2 + (y – 4)2 = 25.
Solution:

(x + 2)2 + (y – 4)2 = 52  Rewrite the given equation in standard

form, (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.

Center (–2, 4); radius = 5 units  Determine the center and the
radius of the circle.
 Locate the coordinates of the given
center of the circle on the coordinate
plane. From the center, count out r
units (the radius) in four different
directions (right, left, up, and down) to
create four points. Connect the points
with the best curve that you can to
sketch the graph of the circle.

 Label the graph with the given equation

of the circle.

MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 4

 Example 3: On a coordinate plane, graph the circle represented by the equation
x 2 + y2 – 6x – 135 = 0.
Solution:
 The given equation is written
x2 + y2 – 6x – 135 = 0
in general form. Group terms
x2 – 6x + y2 = 135 involving x, and terms
involving y. Then, complete
(x2 – 6x ) + y2 = 135
the square on x2 – 6x, and
(x2 – 6x + 9 ) + y2 = 135 + 9 factor the trinomial. Then,
rewrite it in standard form,
(x – 3)2 + y2 = 144
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.
(x – 3)2 + (y – 0)2 = 122

Center (3, 0); radius = 12  Determine the center and

the radius of the circle.

 Locate (3, 0) on the coordinate

plane. From the center,
count out 12 units (the radius)
in four different directions
(right, left, up, and down) to
create four points. Connect
the points with the best curve
that you can to sketch the
graph of the circle.

 Label the graph with the given

equation of the circle.

Example 4: Find the equation, in standard form, of a circle whose center is C(–1, –1), and
passes through the point P(–5, –1). Draw the circle.
Solution: 1. Given center (h, k) = (–1, –1)
2. Substitute the values of h and k to (x
– h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2. So,
(x + 1)2 + (y +1)2 = r2
3. To find r, count the number of units
from the C(–1, –1) to P(–5, –1). So, r
= 4 units.
Thus, the equation of the circle is (x + 1)2
+ (y + 1)2 = 42 or
(x + 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 16.

Another way of finding the radius r on the above example is by using Distance Formula. It is
defined by the equation, d =√(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

Solution:
Given: C(–1, –1), P(–5, –1)
Let (x1, y1) = (–1, –1) and (x2, y2) = (–5, –1)
Substitute the values of x1, y1, x2, and y2 to the formula and simplify.

MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 5

 d =√(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2

= √[5 − (−1)]2 + [−1 − (−1) ]2

= √(−4 )2 + (0)2

= √16
d = 4 units ( radius )
Thus, the equation of the circle is (x + 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 42 or
(x + 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 16
Example 5: A router for a wireless network in Mrs. Garcia’s house has a range of 100
meters. If drawn on a coordinate plane, the router is located at (20, 40). Draw
the graph and find the equation of the circle, in standard form, which
represents the router coverage.

Given:
(20, 40) – the router location (the
coordinates of the center of the circle)

100 meters – the router’s coverage

(the radius of the circle)

Solution:
(x – h)2 + (y – h)2 = r2
(x – 20)2 + (y – 40)2 = 1002
(x – 20)2 + (y – 40)2 = 10000
Thus, the equation of the circle is
(x – 20)2 + (y – 40)2 = 10000.

Example 6: The coordinates of the endpoints of a central angle of a circle are (13, 4) and
(6, -3). When two endpoints are connected it forms an isosceles triangle. If the
radius of the circle is 7 units, what is the perimeter of the triangle?

Solution:
Given:
(13, 4) and (6, -3) = the two endpoints of the central angle
7 units = radius of the circle

Note that isosceles triangle is

defined as a triangle that has
two equal sides. Since two
sides of the triangle are radii
of the circle, therefore the two
sides measure 7 units each.
To solve for the length of the
third side, use distance
formula.
Solution:

( x2  x1)2  ( y 2  y1)2
d =
MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 6
  (13  6)2  [4  (3)]2  7 2  7 2  49  49  98  7 2
units

Note that the perimeter of a triangle is the sum of the length of its three sides. If
the sides of the triangle is denoted by a,b, and c, the perimeter P is defined as P =
a + b + c.

Therefore, the perimeter of the triangle is 7  7  7 2  14  7 2 units.

Activities

Complete each activity. When done, ask your parents or guardians to check your answers
using the answer key card, found on page(s) 11 - 12.

Activity 1: LOCATE ME
Problem: The Provincial Disaster and Risk Reduction Management Committee (PDRRMC) of
Province of Albay advised their residents living within the 12 km radius critical area to
evacuate due to eminent eruption of Mayon Volcano. On the map that is drawn on a
coordinate plane, the coordinates corresponding to the location of the volcano is (4, –3)
and your house is located at coordinates (7, 5).
a) Locate and label the coordinates of Mayon Volcano and your house on the
coordinate plane.
b) What quadrant is Mayon Volcano located on? How about your house?
c) Locate and label the four points to the right, to the left, above, and below the
coordinates of Mayon Volcano, which is within the boundary of the12–km radius
danger zone. Then, connect these points to form a circle.
d) Is your place within the critical area? Why or why not?
e) Supposed the Mayon Volcano erupts, where will you position your family to be safe?
f) If each unit on the coordinate plane is equivalent to 1 km, what is the equation of
the circle, in standard form, enclosing the critical area?

Activity 2: SKETCH MY WAY

1. On a coordinate plane, graph the circle represented by the equation
x 2 + y2 = 49.
2. Illustrate the graph of (x – 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 64.

Activity 3: SECURE MY PERIMETER

1. The coordinates of the endpoints of a central angle of a circle are (8, –3) and (5, –6).
When two endpoints are connected it forms an isosceles triangle. If the radius of the
circle is 3 units, what is
a. the distance between two endpoints of the central angle?
b. the perimeter of the triangle?

Remember

The following are the steps in graphing a circle.

MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 7

 1. Transform the given equation into the standard form, that is,
(x – h)2 + (y – h)2 = r2.

2. Determine the center and the radius of the circle from the standard form of the equation.

3. Locate the coordinates of the given center of the circle on the coordinate plane. From the
center, count out r units (the radius) in four different directions (right, left, up, and down) to
create four points. Connect the points with the best curve that you can to sketch the graph of
the circle.

4. Label the graph with the given equation of a circle.

Steps in solving problems involving circles and other geometric figures.

1. Read and analyze the problem.

2. Identify the given then illustrate.

3. Apply concepts on circles and other geometric figures to solve for the unknown.

Check Your Understanding

A. Answer the following. When done, ask your parents or guardians to check your answers using
the answer key card, found on page(s) 12.

1. In Metro Manila, the location of Globe tower is at (4, –3) when drawn in a coordinate plane
and it covers a 9–kilometer radius transmission of signal. What equation, in standard form,
that represents the transmission boundaries of the tower?

2. The coordinates of the endpoints of a central angle of a circle are (8, –3) and (5, –6). When
two endpoints are connected it forms an isosceles triangle. If the radius of the circle is 3 units,
what is the perimeter of the triangle?

3. Draw the graph of (x – 2)2 + (y – 6)2 = 36.

B. Match the graphs in Column A to the corresponding equation of the circle in Column B.
Write only the letter on a separate sheet of paper. When done, ask your parents or guardians
to check your answers using the answer key card, found on page(s) ______.

A B

1.

MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 8

 2.

a) (x – 6)2 + (y + 1)2 = 36

b) (x – 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 16
3.

c) (x – 6)2 + (y + 4)2 = 81

d) x2 + y2 – 6y – 72 = 0

4.
e) x2 + y2 = 144

f) (x + 6)2 + y2 = 225

g) (x + 2)2 + (y – 3) = 25
5.

Post-test

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What are the coordinates of the center

and radius of the circle in the given graph?
A. C(0, 0); r = 10
B. C(–8,10); r = 2
C. C(6, –2); r = 8
D. C(10, –10); r = 0

MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 9

 2. What is the equation of the circle at the right?
A. x2 + y2 = 81
B. x2 + y2 = 100
C. x2 + y2 = 144
D. x2 + y2 = 169

3. Determine the equation, in standard form,

that represents the circle whose center is at
C(2, –2), and passes through point P(2, 3).
A. (x – 1)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4
B. (x + 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 9
C. (x – 5)2 + (y + 2)2 = 16
D. (x – 2)2 + (y + 2)2 = 25

4. The Provincial Disaster and Risk Reduction Management Committee (PDRRMC) of Province of
Batangas advised their residents living within the 8 – km radius critical area to evacuate
due to eminent eruption of Taal Volcano. On the map that is drawn on a coordinate plane,
the coordinates corresponding to the location of the volcano is (4, 5). Which coordinates are
within the critical area?
A. (12, 1) B. (–2, –2) C. (8, –3) D. (9, 10)

5. The coordinates of the endpoints of a central angle of a circle are (–5, 2) and (–2, 11). When
two endpoints are connected it forms an isosceles triangle. If the radius of the circle is 5
units, what is the perimeter of the triangle?

A. 14  10 B. 12  2 10 C. 10  3 10 D. 8  4 10

MATH 10 QUARTER 2 WEEK 9 10