This document discusses determinants of matrices. It begins by introducing determinants and explaining that they can be used to solve systems of linear equations and determine if a matrix has an inverse. It then discusses how to calculate the determinant of a 2x2 matrix by taking the product of diagonal elements and subtracting the product of off-diagonal elements. Larger matrices use minors and cofactors to define the determinant. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating determinants by expanding along different rows or columns. Exercises at the end ask the reader to find the determinants of several matrices.
This document discusses determinants of matrices. It begins by introducing determinants and explaining that they can be used to solve systems of linear equations and determine if a matrix has an inverse. It then discusses how to calculate the determinant of a 2x2 matrix by taking the product of diagonal elements and subtracting the product of off-diagonal elements. Larger matrices use minors and cofactors to define the determinant. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating determinants by expanding along different rows or columns. Exercises at the end ask the reader to find the determinants of several matrices.
This document discusses determinants of matrices. It begins by introducing determinants and explaining that they can be used to solve systems of linear equations and determine if a matrix has an inverse. It then discusses how to calculate the determinant of a 2x2 matrix by taking the product of diagonal elements and subtracting the product of off-diagonal elements. Larger matrices use minors and cofactors to define the determinant. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating determinants by expanding along different rows or columns. Exercises at the end ask the reader to find the determinants of several matrices.
This document discusses determinants of matrices. It begins by introducing determinants and explaining that they can be used to solve systems of linear equations and determine if a matrix has an inverse. It then discusses how to calculate the determinant of a 2x2 matrix by taking the product of diagonal elements and subtracting the product of off-diagonal elements. Larger matrices use minors and cofactors to define the determinant. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating determinants by expanding along different rows or columns. Exercises at the end ask the reader to find the determinants of several matrices.
Prepared by: Wan Nurul Huda Faculty of Business Finance and
2020@MAHSA University Information Technology Mathematics for Computations
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
▪Understand the concept of determinants
▪Solve Problems related 2X2 Matrix and nXn Matrix.
INTRODUCTION • If a matrix is square ( that is,if it has the same number of rows as columns), then we can assign to it number called its DETERMINANT.
• Determinants can be used to solve system of linear
equations. • They are also useful in determining whether a matrix has an inverse. Deteminant of 2X2 Matrix • The determinant of A is written : Det(A) or 𝐴 • The determinant of the 2X2 matrix, 𝑎 𝑏 A= is 𝑐 𝑑 𝑎 𝑏 det 𝐴 = 𝐴 = = 𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐 𝑐 𝑑
For larger matrices, the definition is more complicated.
c) det 1 2 2 4 Determinants of nXn matrix • To define det(A),for a larger matrices , we will need the definition of a minor 𝑀𝑖𝑗 • The minor 𝑀𝑖𝑗 of a matrix A is the matrix formed by removing the 𝑗 𝑡ℎ, column of A.
1 1 -2 A = -1 2 3 -1 2 M13 = 2 7 0 2 7 Example: 2 3 −1 0 2 4 • For example, A is the matrix −2 5 6
• The minor M12 is the determinant of the matrix
obtained by deleting the first row and second column from A. 2 3 1 0 4 M12 = 0 2 4 = = 0(6) − 4( −2) = 8 −2 6 −2 5 6 • Exercise:
2 3 −1 Find the Determinant for 𝑀33 , 0 2 4 −2 5 6 Determinant of any square matrix. If A is an n x n matrix, the determinant of A is obtained by multiplying each element of the first row by its cofactor, and then adding the results. a11 a12 a1n a21 a22 a2n det( A) = A =
• In our definition of the determinant, we used the cofactors of
elements in the first row only.
• This is called expanding the determinant by
the first row.
• In fact, we can expand the determinant by
any row or column in the same way, and obtain the same result in each case. Example: 2 3 −1 • Let A be the matrix of A= 0 2 4 −2 5 6 • Evaluate the determinant of A by expanding (a) by the second row (b) by the third column
• Verify that each expansion gives
the same value. Answer (a) : Expanding by the second row, we get: Answer (b): • Expanding by the third column, we get: Exercise : Find the Determinant for Matrices below: −4 −6 2 2 −3 1 d) 5 −1 3 a) 2 0 −1 −2 4 −3 1 4 5 −1 −2 0 4 −3 e) 5 6 −7 b) 3 −5 1 2 −4 3 2 −1 2 3 8 c) 2 −1 −3 f) 3 1 12 1 3 −2 −1 8 −4 Mathematics for Computations
Prepared by: Wan Nurul Huda Faculty of Business Finance and
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