ACD Case Write Up
ACD Case Write Up
ACD Case Write Up
Case Write-Up
Abena Akuffo-Akoto
September 9, 2022
ACD Distribution, Inc. was created as a ‘fantasy’ or ‘comic’ role-playing game products distributor
in a niche industry. He exploited an arbitrage opportunity when he bought a popular card game called
‘Magic’ and resold it profiting from the margins. At its inception, ACD functioned as a secondary
distributor allowing it to carry a small inventory and serve as backup to the larger industry distributors.
In this way they created value in several ways. First, in efficient activities and processes and captured this
value in low operational costs. For instance, Kummer ran the business out of his college dorm room and
staffed it with friends and other students. After operating for a while, ACD had expanded, carrying
15,000 SKUs and a staff of about 40 employees. Second, ACD created value in low coordination costs
and captured the value in long-term relationships with the retail stores. They operated out of one
warehouse using fax, telephone, or email for orders. The orders were then shipped commercially to
retail stores keeping coordination costs down. The captured value is evident in Kummer growing the
Kummer is now grappling with the long term viability of the business. I believe that the business
is viable in the long term with the proper adjustments to operations. The business has thus far made a
profit every year of operation [See Exhibit 1 Gross Profit]. The cost of operations has remained relatively
low at 3.87x in 2002 while industry average sat at 3.8x and cash on hand/liquid is decent. In 2003, the
company had a working capital at $2.41 million. This positive working capital indicates that a company
can fund its current operations and invest in future activities and growth. These are tangible value that
Due to their transition to primary distributor, ACD is going to have to adjust their operations a bit
to meet the increased demand and inventory requirements. Expansion may be the solution to this
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challenge. ACD should expand to the West Coast to capture new customers and better service current
customers. ACD is currently exposed to one major customer. To reduce this exposure, it would be a good
idea to expand to the West Coast and gain additional customers. By adding a West Coast operation, they
will greatly improve their delivery time from 5 to 2 days in most cases. Fast service in this particular
industry is critical as customer interests are highly volatile. Expansion to the West Coast will come with
obvious increased costs but with the type of cash and profits ACD has, this should be possible.
Additionally, their biggest competitor Alliance has a presence on the West Coast and to be able to
compete, ACD will have to match them on location as much as they can.
ACD could be a formidable player in this industry if it is able to compete with Alliance. If ACD can
expand operations to the West Coast, meet the increased demand and inventory requirements, they will
be formidable. The West Coast market appears to be relatively large and growing. I would even go so far
as to say merging with some of the smaller players to increase ACD’s market share should also be
considered. This consolidation would attract larger retail stores and raise the profile of ACD. ACD could
raise some of the funds for an expansion by finding efficiencies in the current operations and due to
their good financial position appeal to investors or banks. The downside would be the dilution of
Kummer’s ownership interests, and the new investors would need him to account for inventory decisions
differently. If Kummer decides he doesn’t want to deal with the downside of outside cash infusion, he
could always start his West Coast expansion as he did in the Midwest from a small cheap location until
he builds significant clientele and operations. I believe expanding operations to the West Coast is
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