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CH 01

Linux is an operating system kernel that is open source and free to use. It began as a hobby project by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and has since grown into a popular alternative to proprietary operating systems. Linux is found everywhere due to its flexibility and ability to be tailored to many different uses through various distributions that bundle the kernel with additional software tools and applications.

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36 views7 pages

CH 01

Linux is an operating system kernel that is open source and free to use. It began as a hobby project by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and has since grown into a popular alternative to proprietary operating systems. Linux is found everywhere due to its flexibility and ability to be tailored to many different uses through various distributions that bundle the kernel with additional software tools and applications.

Uploaded by

Anggi Eunike
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Module 01

Introduction to Linux
Linux is Everywhere!
● Linux is everywhere, Linux jobs are everywhere, there is a shortage of Linux talent,
and, Linux skills are in demand in just about every industry and job category on the
planet.
Linux is a Kernel
● Linux means the kernel of the system, which is the central controller of everything
that happens on the computer.

● Linux is a combination of software called GNU/Linux, which defines the operating


system.
○ GNU is the free software that provides open source equivalents of many common UNIX
commands.
○ The Linux part of this combination is the Linux kernel, which is the core of the operating
system.

● The story of Linux begins with UNIX, an operating system developed at AT&T Bell
Labs in the 1970s.
● UNIX is written in the C language.
Linux is a Kernel
● Linux started in 1991 as a hobby project by Linus Torvalds, a Finnish born computer
scientist studying at the University of Helsinki.

● The GNU Project was developed Linux by Richard Stallman in 1983.

● Linux programmers were able to incorporate the GNU tools to provide a complete
operating system.
Linux is Open Source
● Historically, most software has been issued under a closed-source license.

● This means that you get the right to use the executable program or machine code,
but cannot see the source code.

● The development of Linux closely parallels the rise of open source software.

● The open source philosophy is that you have a right to obtain the software source
code and to modify it for your own use.
Linux Has Distributions
● A distribution refers to the Linux kernel, tools, and suite of applications that come
bundled together.

● Take Linux and the GNU tools, add some user-facing applications like a web browser
and an email client, and you have a full Linux system.

● There are distributions suited to every imaginable purpose.

● There are distributions that focus on running servers, desktops, or even industry-
specific tools like electronics design or statistical computing.
Linux Embraces the CLI
● There are two basic types of interfaces available that allow you to interact with the
operating system.

● The typical computer user today is most familiar with a graphical user interface
(GUI).

○ In a GUI, applications present themselves in windows that can be resized and moved around.

○ There are menus and tools to help users navigate.

● The second type of interface is the command line interface (CLI), a text-based
interface to the computer.
○ The CLI relies primarily on keyboard input.

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