Sazil,Vicente Jr Y
BSED Science 2A
1. What is the 2 phases of cell cycle? Explain it briefly.
The 2 phases of Cell cycle are Interphase and the M phase (Mitosis and Meiosis). The Interphase is also
known as the Preparatory Phase, this involves the process of which the cell grows and makes a copy of
its genetic material. The M phase includes the Mitosis and Meiosis. Mitosis is a series of steps in which
the cell divides the nucleus into two sets and give rise to two identical daughter cells. The Meiosis is a
process in which a parent cell divides twice to produce four daughter cells each with half the amount of
genetic material compared to the parent cells.
2. Differentiate the G¹ checkpoint, the G² checkpoint and the M checkpoint.
The G¹ checkpoint is also called as the Restriction Point (in yeast), it is a point at which the cell
irreversible commits to the cell division process. It determines whether all conditions are favorable for
cell division to proceed. The G² checkpoint ensure that all the chromosomes have been replicated and
that the replicated DNA is not damaged. It bars entry into the mitotic phase if certain conditions are not
met. The M checkpoint is also known as the Spindle checkpoint because it determines whether all the
sister chromatids are correctly attached to the spindle microtubules. It occurs near the end of
metaphase stage of karyokinesis.
REFLECTION:
Direction: In 2-3 minutes video, answer and explain the question below.
1. Do you think studying cell cycle and checkpoints of cell cycle regulations is important? If yes, why? If
no, justify your answer.
ASSESSMENT:
Answer the following questions.
1. What is cell signaling?
Cell signaling is a process of cellular communication within the body driven by cells releasing and
receiving hormones and other signaling molecules. Simply means, it refers to a vast communication
between, and within, each cell of our body.
2. What are the 3 parts of cell signaling pathways?
The 3 parts of cell signaling pathways are the Reception, Signal Transduction, and the Response.
3. What are the different types of signaling pathways?
The different types of signaling pathways are the Ligands, Intracellular receptor, Nuclear receptor, IP3,
the G Protein Coupled receptor, and the Receptor Tyrosine Mirages.
REFLECTION:
1. How did the lesson "Signaling at the cell and signaling pathway" help you today?
The lesson helps me understand more the processes involving cells and it help me came up in the idea
that cell is more than just dividing or duplicating cells necessary for growth and healing but it defines
life. Imagine how cells can affect one's life if there are some cells that cannot able to perform their
functions properly, if there are failures of DNA replication, if there are unwanted or damaged cells that
has not been repaired, and if the information that is to be transferred were not received by cells, this
may cause difference of gene expression thus may also produce abnormal cells. Once it happens, this
can affect the whole well-being of an organism. So the lesson about cell signaling and signaling pathway
help us to be aware of what causes such disorders or conditions of a particular organism.
